Fish Impingement and Survival on “Fish Friendly” Traveling Water Screens Alabama Water Resources...
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Transcript of Fish Impingement and Survival on “Fish Friendly” Traveling Water Screens Alabama Water Resources...
Fish Impingement and Survival on “Fish Friendly”
Traveling Water Screens
Alabama Water Resources Association ConferenceOrange Beach, Alabama
September 07, 2012
Justin B. MitchellAPC Compliance Studies
Introduction
Impingement- The death of fish and aquatic organisms that are pinned on the cooling water intake structure (CWIS).
Proposed Impingement Rule
Section 316(b) of the Clean Water Act Withdraw >2 MGD from waters of the US >25% used for cooling purposes
Primary Compliance Options:1. Cooling Towers2. Intake velocity <0.5 fps3. Traveling Screen Modifications and Biological
Monitoring Fish Buckets Fish Return System 48 hr Mortality Limit Criteria:
Average annual mortality rate <12% Monthly maximum mortality rate <31%
Gorgas Steam Plant
Walker County, AL Black Warrior River
(Mulberry Fork) 1,200 MW 5 generating units FGD (scrubber) 2 separate CWIS
Units 6-7 Units 8-10
Gorgas Approach
SSI Band Screen Retrofit Cost effective, $1.3M Operationally feasible Moribund fish (i.e. fish health) exceptions Entrapment Can this technology achieve the mortality
limits?
Study Objectives
1. Characterize Fish Impingement Rates Debris trough Fish trough
2. Evaluate Screen Operational Efficiency
3. Investigate 48 hr Latent Impingement Mortality
4. Examine Rates of Sick or Moribund Fish
Impingement SamplesCollected to Date
Fish Return TroughDebris Trough
3 8-hr sample/day Day Evening Night
4 days/week (Jan-Feb) 2 days/biweek (Mar-Jun) Total Samples = 72 8-hr
samples/trough
Survivability Experimental Design
Biweekly ImpingementFish Return Trough only
Fish Collection2 days/week
48 Hourly Latent Impingement Mortality (LIM) Observations
Shift Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
0600-1400Fish Collection & LIM Observations
Fish Collection & LIM Observations LIM Observations LIM Observations
1400-2200Fish Collection & LIM Observations
Fish Collection & LIM Observations LIM Observations LIM Observations
2200-0600Fish Collection & LIM Observations
Fish Collection & LIM Observations LIM Observations LIM Observations
Other Study Components
Water Quality Intake Aquaria system
CWIS Flow Circ Pumps On,
Unit offline Intake Velocity Weather and River
Flow conditions
Preliminary Conclusions
Impingement comprised mostly of shad 24 hr and 48 hr Impingement Mortality
> 12% Limit Shad (89-100%) Non-shad (20-60%)
Disease prevalence among all survival categories
LIM studies are time and labor intensive Future Research: Explore ways to
optimize impingement survival