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Firms that produce, analyse, or use biological systems on a micro-, cellular-, or molecular level or firms that develops tools and supplies for these purposes.
Biotechnology
FoodAgriculture
PharmaceuticalsMedical Technology
ForestryPulp & Paper Environment
Instruments & equipment
Chemistry
THE BIOTECH INDUSTRY:
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• Agrobiotechnology - plant improvement and biological plant protection
• Bioproduction - biomolecular or micro-organism production
• Biotech tools and supplies - services, processes, equipment and instruments for biotechnological use
• Environmental biotechnology - soil, water, and waste treatment
• Functional food and feed - mainly probiotics
• Pharmaceuticals and medicine - drug discovery and drug development, diagnostics and medical technology
The Swedish biotech industry
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Number of biotechnology companies in different countries year 2000
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
No
. of
Co
mp
anie
s
US
AJa
pan
Ko
rea
Can
ada
Ger
man
yU
KC
hin
aF
ran
ceS
wed
enS
pai
nIt
aly
Au
stra
liaIs
rael
Tai
wan
Net
her
lan
ds
Fin
lan
d
Sw
itze
rlan
dD
enm
ark
Bel
giu
mN
orw
ayR
uss
ia
So
uth
Afr
ica
Ind
iaE
sto
nia
Lat
via
Lit
hu
ania
Po
lan
dS
lova
kia
Country
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
No
. of
Co
mp
anie
s
US
AJa
pan
Ko
rea
Can
ada
Ger
man
yU
KC
hin
aF
ran
ceS
wed
enS
pai
nIt
aly
Au
stra
liaIs
rael
Tai
wan
Net
her
lan
ds
Fin
lan
d
Sw
itze
rlan
dD
enm
ark
Bel
giu
mN
orw
ayR
uss
ia
So
uth
Afr
ica
Ind
iaE
sto
nia
Lat
via
Lit
hu
ania
Po
lan
dS
lova
kia
Country
Source: The Swedish Trade council, ”Global perspectives on bioscience 2002”
*
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Number of companies and employees
Year
2677
32333391
3760
3975
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
1997 1998 1999 2000 20010
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
Number ofcompanies
Number ofemployees
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The regional distribution of the Swedish biotech industry 1999*
* The sizes of the circles are proportional to the number of employees/companies. Only micro-, and small sized companies (<200 employees) are included. The distribution is based on the seat of the county government.
No. of employees No. of companies
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Number of companies
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Agrobiotechnology
Bioproduction
Biotech tools & supplies
Environmental biotechnology
Functional food & feed
Pharmaceuticals & medicine
Number of companies
Year
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Number of employees
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Agrobiotechnology
Bioproduction
Biotech tools & supplies
Environmental biotechnology
Functional food & feed
Pharmaceuticals & medicine
Number ofemployees
Year
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Turnover
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
1997 1998 1999 2000Year
Turnover (MSEK) Agrobiotechnology
Bioproduction
Biotech tools & supplies
Environmental biotechnology
Functional food & feed
Pharmaceuticals & medicine
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Number of companies pharmaceuticals & medicine
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Diagnostics
Drug delivery
Drug discovery & development
Medical technology
Number of companies
Year
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Number of employees in pharmaceuticals & medicine
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
Diagnostics
Drug delivery
Drug discovery & development
Medical technology
Number of employees
Year
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Median equity/assets ratio
Year
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1997 1998 1999 2000
Finacial strength, median (%) Agrobiotechnology
Bioproduction
Biotech tools & supplies
Environmental biotechnology
Functional food & feed
Pharmaceuticals & medicine
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Net profits/losses in surviving companies in the different biotech sectors, 1998 – 2001
-1200
-1000
-800
-600
-400
-200
0
200
1998 1999 2000 2001
Year
MSEK
Total
Agrobiotechnology
Bioproduction
Biotech tools & supplies
Environmental biotechnology
Functional food & feed
Pharmaceuticals & medicine
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Share of surviving companies with net profit 1998-2001 in total and in each sector
0
20
40
60
80
100
1998 1999 2000 2001Year
Per centAgrobiotechnology
Bioproduction
Biotech tools & supplies
Environmental biotechnology
Functional food & feed
Pharmaceuticals & medicine
Total
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Size of sector in Sweden• PHARMACEUTICALS AND MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY
Approximately 30 000 employees and a turnover of 60 billion SEK
• BIOTECHNOLOGY
• The fourth largest biotechnology industry in Europe after Great Britain, Germany, and France * and the ninth in the world**
• 183 SMEs (< 500 emp. each), increase by 35% 1997-2001
• About 4000 employees, increase by 48% 1997-2001
• Turnover 4.4 billion SEK (2000), increase by 30 % 1997-2000***
• Increased financial strength and net losses 1997-2001
* European Commission; Ernst & Young** The Swedish Trade Council*** Fixed prices
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Reasons for the development
UNTIL 1999• The science base • The presence of Astra and Pharmacia • An internationally growing market • Success stories inspires• Changed attitudes• Good availability of seed and venture capital
CHANGE DURING 2000-2002…2003• Development at the stock exchange• Cautious venture capital companies• Lack of seed capital
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The Swedish science base in international comparison
THE SWEDISH SCIENTIFIC PERFORMANCE IN GENERAL
• The trend is increased quantity but at the same time there are signs of decreasing quality.
PERFORMANCE IN A SELECTION OF LIFE SCIENCE FIELDS
• First, second or third ranking of publication volumes in relation to population in the selected seven subject fields.
• Five out of seven fields showed increasing shares of the world’s total publication volume.
• Four out of seven fields showed increased citation levels but still Swedish citation levels are loosing their top position
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1986-1989
1990-1993
1994-1997
1998-2001
Total
87-01
Biochemistry & Biophysics 2 2 2 2 2
Biotechnol & Appl Microbiol 3 4 3 1 2
Cell & Developmental Biol 3 3 2 2 2
Immunology 1 2 2 2 2
Microbiology 2 2 4 3 3
Molecular Biology & Genetics 2 2 3 2 2
Neurosciences & Behavior 1 1 1 1 1
Swedish ranking in relation to population 1986-2001
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Relative citation levels in biochemistry and biophysics
0.6
1.0
81-8
5
83-8
7
85-8
9
87-9
1
89-9
3
91-9
5
93-9
7
95-9
997
-01
CANADADENMARKEUROPEAN UNIONFINLANDFRANCEGERMANYISRAELNETHERLANDSSWEDENSWITZERLANDUKUSA
1.2
1.4
1.6
0.8
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Relative citation levels in neurosciences and behavior
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
1.2
1.4
81-8
5
83-8
7
85-8
9
87-9
1
89-9
3
91-9
5
93-9
7
95-9
9
97-0
1
CANADA
DENMARK
EUROPEAN UNION
FINLAND
FRANCE
GERMANY
ISRAEL
NETHERLANDS
SWEDEN
SWITZERLAND
UK
USA
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0
5
1 0
1 5
2 0
2 5
3 0
3 5
4 0
1 9 8 7 -1 9 8 9
1 9 9 0 -1 9 9 2
1 9 9 3 -1 9 9 5
1 9 9 6 -1 9 9 8
1 9 9 9 -2 0 0 1
Y e a r
Per cen
t
K A R O L I N S K AI N S TL U N D U N I V
U P P S A L A U N I V
G O T H E N B U R GU N I VU M E A U N I V
S T O C K H O L MU N I VS L U
L I N K O P I N GU N I VS M I
Volume shares for the nine most productive Swedish public research organisations of the total Swedish publication volume
in biotechnology-related science, 1987-2001
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Co-authorship pattern between organisations with the largest publication volumes in biotechnology related science 1997-2001
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’
0
1
2
3
4
Bioche
mist
ry &
Biop
hysic
s
Biotec
hnol
& App
l Micr
obiol
Cell &
Dev
elopm
enta
l Biol
Imm
unolo
gy
Micr
obiol
ogy
Mole
cular
Biol
ogy &
Gen
etics
Neuro
scien
ces
& Beh
avior
1987-1989
1990-1992
1993-19951996-1998
1999-2001
The Swedish percentage of the world´s total publication volume within a selection of life
science fields during five periods (1987-2001)
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0
1
2
Bioche
mist
ry &
Biop
hysic
s
Biotec
hnol
& App
l Micr
obiol
Cell &
Dev
elopm
enta
l Biol
Imm
unolo
gy
Micr
obiol
ogy
Mole
cular
Biol
ogy &
Gen
etics
Neuro
scien
ces
& Beh
avior
87-91
88-92
89-93
90-94
91-95
92-96
93-97
94-98
95-99
96-00
97-01
Relative citation levels for Swedish articles within a selection of life science fields during 1987-1997 (Index world=1)
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Inventor origin for biotechnology patents in the US patent system 1987-2001*
USA63,9%
Great Britain3,6%
Canada2,6%
Germany4,6%
Japan11,4%
France2,9%
Other11,0%
* Sweden < 1%
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0
1
2
3
MEDIC
AL ELE
CTRONICS
MEDIC
AL EQUIP
MENT
PHARMACEUTIC
ALS
BIOTECHNOLO
GY
MEAN A
LL A
REAS
1987-1989
1990-1992
1993-1995
1996-1998
1999-2001
Swedish inventor shares of the world’s total patenting volume during five periods in different areas compared to the
Swedish average share in all fields 1987-2001
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Number of patents for Astra and Pharmacia
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
1987
1989
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
YEAR
NU
MB
ER
OF
PA
TE
NT
S
AstraZeneca AB Pharmacia Corporation