Final Studio Report

Redesigning the Saint Patrick’s Alexandra School Site:

Final Report

Jannelle Van Den Bosch

B00531126

December 6, 2011

Plan 4002 Urban Design Studio

Bird’s Eye View of Saint Patrick’s Alexandra School

Microsoft Corporation, 2011 Pictometry Bird’s Eye, 2010 MDA Geospatial Services Inc.

Jannelle Van Den Bosch

Contents

Problem ............................................................................................................................................................... 1

“Old School,” “New School” and “Gym” Terminology ............................................................................. 1

Context................................................................................................................................................................ 2

The Area .......................................................................................................................................................... 2

The Site ............................................................................................................................................................ 4

Zoning .............................................................................................................................................................. 6

Criteria for Evaluating Design ......................................................................................................................... 8

Concepts .......................................................................................................................................................... 10

Concept #1: Residential Development ................................................................................................. 10

Concept #2: Building on What We Have ............................................................................................... 11

Schematic Plan ................................................................................................................................................ 14

Concept Level Plan for Future Schematic Plan .................................................................................... 14

Features......................................................................................................................................................... 14

How the Plan Meets the Design Criteria ................................................................................................. 17

Necessary Policy Changes ........................................................................................................................ 18

Recommendations for Surrounding Areas ................................................................................................. 19

Park Site Concept ....................................................................................................................................... 19

Maitland Street and Gottingen Street between Cornwallis Street and ........................................... 20

Brunswick Street between Cornwallis Street and Divas Lane ............................................................ 20

Conclusions ...................................................................................................................................................... 21

References........................................................................................................................................................ 22

Appendix A: Context Map ............................................................................................................................ 23

Appendix B: Proposal Site and Park Site Map ........................................................................................... 24

Appendix C: Surrounding Uses Map ............................................................................................................ 25

Appendix D: Current Land-Use Zoning ....................................................................................................... 26

Appendix E: Schematic: Plan View ............................................................................................................. 27

Appendix F: Brunswick Street Section and Maitland Street Section ..................................................... 28

Appendix G: Future Land-Use Zoning ......................................................................................................... 29

Jannelle Van Den Bosch 1

1

Problem

The Saint Patrick’s Alexandra School is located in the north end of Halifax,

Nova Scotia (refer to appendices A and B). Due to dwindling enrolment, the Halifax

Regional School Board no longer needs the buildings. The Halifax Regional

Municipality (HRM) is now seeking proposals for redevelopment. Appendix B

illustrates the proposal site and the neighbouring municipal park site.

This report includes a brief background on the school site and surrounding

area, the criteria I set for my designs, and three designs. I imagined two broad

concepts, which helped form the concept for the design development I represented in a

schematic plan.

“Old School,” “New School” and “Gym” Terminology

For the purposes of this report, I separated the current Saint Patrick’s

Alexandra School structure into three sections. I named the three sections “Old

School,” “New School” and “Gym.” The “Old School” and “New School” terminology are

related to the chronology of construction. The “Old School” was built in 1920 and the

“New School” was built in 1971. The “Gym” is so-named because it is the part of the

“New School” that houses the gymnasium.

The current Saint Patrick’s Alexandra School structure

Halifax Regional Municipality Geodatabase

New School

Old School

Gym


2

Context

The Area

The Saint Patrick’s Alexandra School site is located near parks and recreation

space, public transportation routes, a variety of shops and services and numerous

housing types.

Within half a kilometre of the Saint Patrick’s Alexandra School, there is a public

library, YMCA, pharmacy, theatre, and multiple churches, food services, services

dedicated to helping people in need of food and shelter and a number of other

businesses and services. Many of these services, as well as bus transportation routes

are located along Gottingen Street.

Aside from some high-rise residential towers, the area is generally composed of

buildings less than four storeys high. There are a few developments just south-east of

the site composed of three-storey townhouses, commercial and institutional buildings

along Gottingen ranging between one and four storeys and scattered residential

buildings one to seventeen storeys tall.

Ocean Towers Apartments and Other Low-Rise Developments

on Brunswick Street, across from Proposal and Park Sites

To the north-west of Divas Lane is Uniacke Square, a public housing, urban

village built in the 1960s. The buildings are two-storey row houses. It was built to

house people displaced by urban renewal projects that cleared economically depressed

areas for new uses. Uniacke Square is home to low-income people, many of whom are

visible minorities (Statistics Canada, 2006).


3

High-rise Apartment Building (left) and Uniacke Square Townhouses

There are very few buildings that front on to the portion of Maitland Street

between Cornwallis Street and Divas Lane. Along with the New School, there is a one

and a half storey building accessory to Saint George’s Church as well as four houses

ranging from one and a half to three storeys tall. Other lots along this portion of

Maitland Street consist of vacant lots, parking lots and the back of buildings (pictured

below).

Parking Lots, Vacant Lots and the Back of Buildings along Maitland Street


4

Census data indicates that a higher proportion of area residents fall within the

20 to 30 years age group than in the Halifax Metropolitan Area. Most of the dwellings

in the area are rentals (Statistics Canada, 2006). This 20 to 30 years age group

includes young families and students who often do not have the financial means to

purchase property. Census data also indicates that a high number of female single-

parent families live in the area (Statistics Canada, 2006).

The Site

The proposal site slopes towards the Halifax harbour to the north-east and

consists of large buildings, large paved areas and open green-space. It is interesting

because it is a space between institutions, high-rise rentals, public housing and

commerce (appendix C). Pedestrians use the proposal site and the park site as a

shortcut between streets.

There is a large concrete play yard with children’s games such as hopscotch

and foursquare painted on the ground. The concrete is cracked and worn. The former

site of a play structure in the north corner of the play yard is a pit of sand and gravel.

Concrete Schoolyard and Old School Entrance

The Old School is a brick building in good condition. In the building, there is a

daycare, a college of early childhood education and a professional development centre.

The Saint Joseph’s Children’s Centre is a not-for-profit, non-denominational daycare

that opened in 1968 in response to the growing number of single parent families and

families with both parents working outside the home (St. Joseph’s Children’s Centre,

n.d.). There is a sign for the Saint Joseph’s College of Early Childhood Education on

the building. The College is a non-profit, post-secondary program and a separate

entity from the Children’s Centre. In 2008, the college changed its name to the Nova


5

Scotia College of Early Childhood Education (NSCEE, 2011). The Isabel MacDonald

Professional Development Centre (IMPDC) is a teachers’ resource centre. The school

board busses children there to utilize the pottery studio in the building. The board is

also considering expanding the program (HRM, 2011c).

View from Brunswick Street of Old School

The New School is also in good condition. It is three storeys tall and fronts on

Maitland Street. Most of the large building’s classrooms range from around 69 to 74

square metres (750 to 800 square feet). There are also much larger rooms that were

used for sewing, cooking, woodworking and metal working classes, as well as the

library, which is 205.8 square metres (2216 square feet) (Halifax Regional School

Board, 2008

The large parking lot along Brunswick Street is underutilized after work hours

and on weekends. The surface is cracked and the paint is fading. It is not visually

appealing or pedestrian-friendly.

The Brunswick Street Parking Lot


6

The park site consists of some paved pathways and trees amid open

greenspace. There is a community garden located along Brunswick Street. It has a

faucet and a concrete surface at waist-height to work on. From the park, there are

some views of the harbour. The MacDonald Bridge is clearly visible from many points

in the park.

View of MacDonald Bridge and Park Site

Community Garden with MacDonald Bridge in Background

Zoning

The proposal and park site are designated as a Parks and Institutional (P) Zone.

This allows uses such as parks, recreation field or facilities, cemeteries, day cares,

hospitals, schools, churches, libraries, museums or law courts. If the land is used by

a degree granting university there are some commercial uses allowed, however they

are under strict guidelines. The commercial uses must be for students, staff and

guests, with no direct access from outside and no signs outside advertising these uses

(HRM, 2011b).


7

There are four types of zones that abut the P-Zone block in which the park and

proposal sites lay (appendix D). To the northeast and west are two types of residential

zones, to the east is a commercial zone and to the southeast is the Brunswick

Comprehensive Development District (BCDD).

Across Brunswick Street, the residential zoning is mainly Residential-2 (R-2).

This zone permits certain uses on a lot. There can be a detached one-unit house,

office of a person also living in the house, a home office, public park or playground,

church, day care with 14 or less children that is also a dwelling, a special care home

with 10 or less people including resident staff, a semi-detached or duplex dwelling, or

a building with 4 or less apartments (HRM, 2011b). The Ocean Towers development

and Uniacke Square are located in Residential-3 (R-3) parcels of land. The R-3 Zone

permits all the uses of the R-2 Zone, as well as townhouse buildings, boarding houses,

lodging or rooming houses and apartment houses (HRM, 2011b).

The former use of the BCDD site was the Alexandra School that the school

board decided was a surplus in 1980. The city then used it as a community centre

until it was demolished in 1992. The BCDD was approved by the Halifax Regional

Council in 1998 to set criteria and policies for development. Four years later, the

Council passed a motion that allowed for the purchase and sale of the HRM land

(HRM, 2011d). The BCDD allows all uses and structures that existed before February

17, 1998, residential buildings (except rooming, boarding or lodging houses), home

offices, home occupations, public parks and an office at 2085-99 Maitland Street. It

includes detailed criteria for development agreements (HRM, 2011b). The District 12

Planning Advisory Committee recommends that the Saint Patrick’s Alexandra School

site become a comprehensive development district, similar to the BCDD (HRM, 2011d).

The commercial parcels are General Business Zones (C-2). It permits all

residential, Local Business Zone and Minor Commercial Zone uses, as long as they are

not a nuisance or hazard to the public, for adult entertainment, a junk yard or

amusement park. The zone permits stores for retail trade and rental, including: radio,

television and electrical appliance repair shops; watch and jewellery repair shops; shoe

repair shops; barber and beauty shops; dry cleaners; funeral services; bowling alley;

movie theatre; service station; offices; bank and other financial institutions;

restaurant; and community facilities.


8

Criteria for Evaluating Design

It is important to set criteria or guidelines before attempting to redesign a site.

They allow you to return and judge your work. These are the criteria I set for myself

when designing my concepts and schematic for the Saint Patrick’s Alexandra School

site:

Maintain Pedestrian Corridors

Pedestrians use the Saint Patrick’s Alexandra School site and the park

site as a shortcut between streets. I believe these are important connections

between the residences and institutions of the area, as well as the commercial

uses on Gottingen.

Build Lower than Four Storeys

Aside from some high-rise residential towers, the area is generally

composed of buildings less than four storeys high. The lower buildings provide

a less intimidating presence on the streetscape. Smaller buildings have a more

visually pleasing proportion related to the width of the street, and the height of

trees and utility poles.

Housing for Multiple Levels of Income

The site is currently surrounded by a wide range of housing, including

condominium townhouses, high-rise rentals and public row-housing. However

they are quite clustered with their own housing types. The new plan should

attempt to bridge the gaps between these clusters.

Mixed Use

The new plan should incorporate multiple uses on the site. An

assortment of uses can attract people for different reasons. The site is

surrounded by residential, institutional and commercial uses and could draw

activity from them.

More Windows Facing Maitland Street

With the school sitting empty, Maitland Street does not receive a lot of

pedestrian nor vehicular traffic. There are very few other buildings that face


9

onto the street. The emptiness of the street is not attractive and I do not feel

safe walking along it. More activity in buildings along Maitland would bring

more activity around the buildings. More windows bridging the inside/outside

divide might help alleviate the empty feeling.

Keep Existing Uses

The Old School building is currently home to the Isabel MacDonald

Professional Centre and St. Joseph’s Children’s Centre. The new development

should provide a space for them to continue their services.

Aesthetically Appealing Greenspace

A large portion of the school site is covered in cracked concrete. There

are two parking lots and one large play yard. The future plan should encourage

more greenspace in contrast to the harsh, concrete surfaces.

Reuse Existing Buildings

By reusing some or all of the existing buildings, construction can be less

environmentally detrimental. Demolition creates more waste and construction

requires more raw materials. Creative reuse of a building can also create an

interesting story and unique experience for future owners and occupiers.


10

Concepts

Concept #1: Residential Development

This concept focuses on residential development. It has buildings facing

Maitland Street and Brunswick Street. The plan has room for housing at multiple

income levels. The buildings are of similar height and mass as the buildings across

Brunswick Street (excluding the high rise Ocean Towers). The buildings also have

room for mixed uses, with office or commercial space in the same buildings as

residential units. For example, a single building could include a corner shop on the

ground floor, with a rental unit on the second floor.

The pedestrian pathways make it easy to travel between the streets and

buildings. The pathways located in the backyards of the houses could promote

community interaction. Neighbours can watch people walk by and keep an eye on

children without the dangers of motorized vehicles speeding by.

One building remains on this plan from the current site. The Old School is a

brick building in good condition. The Isabel MacDonald Professional Development

Centre and the St. Joseph’s Children’s Centre that currently operate in the building

are welcome to continue there under the new plan. Unused space in the building will

be converted into residential units. New vegetation on the front yard, with trees and

shrubbery, will create a soft barrier for units looking towards street.


11

Scale of Residences along Brunswick Street

Google Streetview, 2011

Concept #2: Building on What We Have

My second concept focuses on reusing the existing buildings, while creating a

new and interesting space for the community. It maintains pedestrian corridors and

includes housing for multiple levels of income. Buildings are lower than four storeys

and many windows face Maitland Street. There is aesthetically pleasing greenspace

and multiple land uses. It includes ten sites of interest, which are labelled in the

above map.


12

The concept reuses existing buildings for new uses. The Old School (Site D),

aside from the Development Centre, is converted into multiple residential

condominium units. This is not unheard of for the area. Just a block away, at 2128

Brunswick Street, an old church was converted into 17 condominium units in 1984

(Province of Nova Scotia, 2007). New vegetation in the front yard, including trees and

shrubbery, creates a softer barrier for units looking towards Brunswick Street. The

New School (G) is converted into apartments, a daycare and some small commercial

space. Some of the apartment units are subsidized by public housing. Along

Maitland Street, new vegetation shades and protects the south-west side of the

building. The gym (H) is a large space open for community events such as plays and

concerts or recreational activities. It is municipally operated, in conjunction with the

near-by George Dixon Centre.

There are two options for the surface parking lot (B). Option #1 has painted

parking stalls and children’s games on a repaved surface. After work hours and on

weekend afternoons, the parking lot is currently underutilized. This option closes the

lot for parking during these times and opens it for neighbourhood children to play.

Option #2 attempts to create a more pedestrian friendly parking lot. Although there

are less parking stalls, there is a large, vegetated island in the middle. Cars travel in

fewer directions than Option #1, and pedestrians have a sidewalk to use. The

vegetation ties the parking lot to the neighbouring park and creates a more

aesthetically pleasing environment.

Design Options for the Surface Parking Lot


13

There are a few new constructions on the proposal site. The plans for the sites

labelled F and I are identical three storey buildings. They are mixed use, with the first

floor used as commercial space and the two floors above as residential. There is one

layer of underground parking under each building. Site C is a relaxing garden-space

built on the former paved surface. It is very open to the street and to the elements.

By adding structured vegetation, public seating and pathways, it can become a place

for the community to enjoy. The plaza opens to the street and welcomes people

passing by.

This concept retains almost all the pedestrian pathways. New construction on

Site I interrupts some unpaved pedestrian routes. However, Site I has sidewalks on all

four sides for pedestrians to easily move around the new building. There is also a new

pedestrian passageway in this concept. The area between the New School and the

gym is protected by an overhang and a thoroughfare for pedestrians.

Elevation: View from Brunswick Street of Space between Sites G and H

This concept makes some changes to areas outside the proposal site. On the

park site (J), there are trees planted near pathways and the edges of the site to

improve the aesthetic quality, and spaces left open for children to play. There is also

room for the community garden (A) to expand. The site is within close walking

distance to many residents of many different incomes, ethnicities and families. This

community garden is particularly important to the area because it can help produce

social mutualism between people otherwise separated by “racial, class, and

generational divides,” (Hester, 2006, pg. 61). The playground (E) will be available to

the public. It will open to the street and invite young families and children from

surrounding areas to play.


14

Schematic Plan

Concept Level Plan for Future Schematic Plan

Features

I reworked my second concept to develop a third concept, featured in the above

concept plan and in the schematic plan (appendix E). The plan features a number of

improvements to the proposal site. Some parts of the plan remain very similar to the

current conditions, whereas others change a lot.

I did not change the Old School’s building or uses. The building is in good

condition and provides important services. The Saint Joseph’s Children’s Centre

provides non-denominational daycare for children of low-income families, which allows

parents to work outside the home. The Nova Scotia College of Early Education and

the Isabel MacDonald Professional Development Centre (IMPDC) also use the building.

The school board busses children to the IMPDC to use the pottery studio. My plan

affords space for the school board to expand the program. Other uses permitted to

occupy this building include those permitted by the Halifax Peninsula Land Use By-

Law Park and Institutional Zone Provisions (HRM, 2011b).


15

The pedestrian pathway network is improved with more paved connections

throughout the site. They connect with pathways off the site to Gottingen Street as

well. The walkways in and around the site are at least 1.8 metres wide for comfortable

walking space for people walking side-by-side or passing in opposite directions.

Around the parking lot beside Maitland Street, there are pedestrian walkways,

separated from the parking area by grass boulevards to create a zone safe from

motorized vehicle movement.

The surface texture of the pathways is a red brick that complements the red

brick school buildings. The paving material of a sidewalk can influence the walking

pace of site users. A straight, unadorned concrete path encourages a quicker tempo

than a path with varying texture and shape of the path (Hester, 2006, pg. 408).

Since the site is currently used primarily as a pedestrian shortcut between Maitland

Street and Brunswick Street, these users may slow down to enjoy the site with a new

surface texture.

Sample Red Brick Surface

The two surface parking lots are both paved with asphalt and have painted lot

lines. The parking lot off Brunswick contains an 8x36 metre, vegetated island in the

middle to enhance the aesthetic qualities of the site. A large surface parking lot is

intimidating to pedestrians, but the island reduces the size of the lot and separates it

into two smaller sections. One-way travel in the lot reduces the number of directions

a vehicle has the option to move in.

The garden-space with seating features replaces an expansive concrete play

yard. It opens towards the street, as well as the pathways cutting through the

proposal site. Census data indicates there are a lot of people in their twenties and

early thirties in the area (Statistics Canada, 2006). This garden-space is an outdoor

recreation space aimed at a more mature crowd who may want to study outdoors or

meet friends for a chat rather than play in a large open space.


16

Features of a Garden Seating Feature

The new, mixed-use building located beside the park site is three storeys (10.1

metres) in height. Each floor is 384 square metres (4133.3 square feet). The ground-

level floor is for commercial use, the second for commercial or office use and the third

floor for large residential rental units. Many of the occupants of the building look out

over Maitland Street or the park site. The relation of the building to the street is

illustrated in appendix F.

The gym is managed by the municipal Recreation Exploration Community and

can host community events such as art exhibitions, concerts or plays, or provide more

space for recreation in conjunction with the nearby George Dixon Centre.

Most classrooms in the New School range from around 69 to 74 square metres

(750 to 800 square feet). There are also much larger rooms that were used for sewing,

cooking, woodworking and metal working classes, as well as the library, which is

205.8 square metres (2216 square feet) (Halifax Regional School Board, 2008). The

classrooms are converted into one, two and three-bedroom residential rental units for

a cohousing community. The residents participate in the management and

maintenance of the building. Every unit has its own kitchen, but residents of

cohousing communities share amenities such as a larger “kitchen and dining room,

children's playroom, workshops, guest rooms, home office support, arts and crafts

area, laundry,” and recreation areas with residents of different units (Canadian

Cohousing Network, 2004). Sharing amenities can arguably allow for lower rents and

promote interaction between neighbours and create a sense of community. Cohousing

could provide a stepping stone between public housing and traditional apartment

rental or home ownership.


17

A View of the Future New School as Cohousing

How the Plan Meets the Design Criteria

Some features support the design criteria I outlined earlier in this report more

than others. Not only does the plan maintain pedestrian corridors, it includes new

pathways in a pedestrian network that spans the site. I added greenspace in a

parking lot and on the site of the former concrete schoolyard. Maintained greenspace

and vegetation is generally aesthetically appealing.

I wanted to keep the existing buildings and uses of the site, including

pedestrian mobility, parking and the uses located inside the Old School, which my

plan includes. The existing buildings on the site that remain in the plan are all under

four storeys in height and the new building is three storeys tall. Occupants of the New

School cohousing and the new building contribute activity to Maitland Street. The

plan locates residential, commercial, park and institutional uses throughout the site.

The new building mixes commercial, office and residential uses. Residential use on

the proposal site includes rental apartments in the new buildings and cohousing units

in the Old School. Cohousing provides a new housing option for the area.


18

Necessary Policy Changes

The site is designated as a Parks and Institutional Zone. Some of my proposal

for this site fits this zone. The Old School contains a day care, college and

schoolteacher resource centre. The garden-space and gym also fall within the Parks

and Institutional zoning regulations.

Other proposed land-uses in the new building and the New School require

changes to the zoning. The changes must be consistent with the planning strategies

of the HRM Regional Municipal Planning Strategy (RMPS) and the HRM Municipal

Planning Strategy (MPS). If they are not consistent, the intended future of the site

must be redefined in the RMPS and MPS. In the MPS, there are municipality-wide

policies as well as secondary plans for smaller sections. The proposal site falls within

the Peninsula North Secondary Planning Strategy (PNSPS) boundaries.

The MPS identifies an objective of the HRM as the centre of Atlantic Canada

while creating a positive image as a place to live and work. Residential objectives

include diverse and high quality housing through retention, rehabilitation and infill.

The residential objectives of the PNSPS encourage the integration of new residential

structures at all housing types for all income levels (HRM, 2011a). This supports

zoning changes for the residential conversion of the New School.

The commercial objectives of the PNSPS are to create a variety of commercial

uses to serve resident and working populations, with centres in easy walking or

driving distance to several neighbourhoods. Minor commercial centres permit a mix of

residential and commercial uses in one structure (HRM, 2011a). Gottingen Street has

a number of mixed use buildings. Since the new building on my plan is located just a

block away from Gottingen Street and accessible by a number of neighbourhoods, the

site follows the MPS and PNSPS.


19

Recommendations for Surrounding Areas

Park Site Concept

This municipal park has potential to become a popular spot for area residents.

The Halifax Regional Municipality should improve the park for community use. An

improvement in vegetation could greatly increase the aesthetic appeal of the park.

Vegetation can also provide shelter from sun and wind. Tall vegetation along

Brunswick Street should be avoided along Brunswick Street to maintain the views of

the harbour and bridge.

A play structure is a necessary addition to the site to attract children and

families. This can be an attempt to console some of what the community lost when

the Saint Patrick’s Alexandra School closed and the play structure was removed. The

park should maintain the open space for unregulated play, like playing catch,

sunbathing or practicing yoga.


20

The municipality should provide numerous picnic tables and benches for park

users. Benches should face park activity in the open space, community garden and

around the playground. Picnic tables provide places for people in the area to sit

comfortably and eat. This could draw in area residents throughout the day and a

lunch crowd from Gottingen Street businesses to spend time in the park. The surface

texture of park paths should continue the brick I proposed for the proposal site to

create a sense of connectivity between the park and proposal sites.

The community garden located along Brunswick Street should be expanded.

There are lots of rental units close by without private garden space. The proposed

cohousing community might be especially attracted to the community garden because

they do not have private greenspace and understand shared space.

Maitland Street and Gottingen Street between Cornwallis Street and

Future development along Maitland Street should rise to less than four storeys

tall to complement the surrounding area. On sites that extend from Gottingen Street

to Maitland Street the building should have windows and a public entrance fronting

on both streets. These lots also should not have a parking lot front on either street.

This will help avoid the cold, blank walls and gaps along Maitland Street.

The pedestrian paths between Maitland Street and Gottingen Street should be

maintained or improved. They provide an important link for area residents to reach

businesses, services and public transportation along Gottingen Street.

The land-use by-law should allow mixed-use buildings. This does not mean it

is mandatory to have mixed-use, but residential, commercial and institutional uses

should be encouraged along the street.

Brunswick Street between Cornwallis Street and Divas Lane

Future development along Brunswick Street should be less than four storeys in

height and have minimal setbacks. This complements the majority of buildings in the

area. There should be no surface parking lot fronting on Brunswick Street. The land-

uses should remain residential and institutional.


21

Conclusions

Through small and large changes, the proposal for the Saint Patrick’s Alexandra

School site can have a great impact on the surrounding areas. My plan creates a new

and interesting site that attempts to bring the surrounding area together. The final

design reuses the buildings on the site, but there must be some changes in the land-

use by-law for my entire plan of residential units, office space and commercial space

link to be realized. The final design is carefully considered, following design criteria I

set for myself. It intends to encourage pedestrians passing through or stopping in the

garden to enjoy their commute, and for residents to take pride in a lively community.


22

References

Canadian Cohousing Network. (2004). What is cohousing? Retrieved from

http://cohousing.ca/whatis.htm

Halifax Regional Municipality. (2011a). Halifax municipal planning strategy. Retrieved from

http://www.halifax.ca/planning/documents/Halifax_MPS.pdf

Halifax Regional Municipality. (2011b). Land use by-law Halifax peninsula. Retrieved from

http://www.halifax.ca/planning/documents/HalifaxPeninsula_LUB.pdf

Halifax Regional Municipality. (2011c). Renewal of supplementary education funding

agreement. Retrieved from

http://www.halifax.ca/council/agendasc/documents/110315cow3.pdf

Halifax Regional Municipality. (2011d). Saint Patrick’s School site. Retrieved from

http://halifax.ca/commcoun/pcc/documents/stpatalexrep.pdf

Halifax Regional School Board. (2004). School Review Process: Impact Assessment Reports.

Retrieved from http://www.hrsb.ns.ca/files/Downloads/pdf/reports/2007-

2008/may/08-05-1142.pdf

Hester, Randolph T. (2006). Design for ecological democracy. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts

Institute of Technology.

Nova Scotia College of Early Education (NSCEE). (2011). About. Retrieved from

http://www.nscece.ca/about/nscece/

Province of Nova Scotia. (2007). Nova Scotia historic places initiative: Church of the Holy

Redeemer. Retrieved from

https://eapps.ednet.ns.ca/HPIPublic/PropertyDisplay.aspx?Fid=23MNS5012

St. Joseph’s Children’s Centre. (n.d.). About Us. Retrieved from

http://stjosephschildrenscentre.ca

Statistics Canada. (2006). Cumulative Profile, Halifax (88 Census tracts) - 2050010.00 (table),

2006 Census of Population (48 Census Metropolitan Areas/Census Agglomerations and

Census Tracts) (database), Using E-STAT (distributor).

Concept maps:

Source: Halifax Regonal Municipality Geodatabase

Base map: Laura Dixon, edited by Jannelle Van Den Bosch

Unless otherwise sourced, all other illustrations and images: Jannelle Van Den Bosch

Final Studio Report

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