PERCEPTIONS OF HEALTH & SAFETY ISSUES AT THE 2016RIO OLYMPICS

DR. BONNIE TIELL (USA) & SHI YING (CHINA)

2PURPOSE1. Determine how perceptions of

health, safety, and personal concerns impact decisions to attend the 2016 Rio Olympics

2. Describe viewing preferences

3

USA China Other050

100150200250300350400450500

728 SURVEY RESPONSES GENDER

Male40%

Fe-male60%

Male Female

4

18.80%

28.60%24.50%

28.30%

18-2526-3536-4546+

AGE RANGE5.20%

94.80%

Yes No

ATTENDING OLYMPICS

5TESTING RESEARCH QUESTIONSDifferences between groups for each question- Nominal Data: Chi-Square Analysis - Interval Data: T-tests & One-Way ANOVA

Research questions were all conducted at a 95% confidence level (p<.05%)

6

Does viewing preference of the 2016 Olympic Games differ based on Country of residence?RESULTS: YES

(CHI SQUARE)

QUESTION 1

7

In Person Media No Interest0.00%

10.00%

20.00%

30.00%

40.00%

50.00%

60.00%

USAChinaOther

VIEWING PREFERENCE

8MEDIA CONSUMPTION (ALL)

Television Internet Print Radio0.00%10.00%20.00%30.00%40.00%50.00%60.00%70.00%80.00%90.00%

100.00% 90.20%

62.10%

19.50%8.40%

9

Do perceptions of health, safety, and other concerns discouraging attendance at the 2016 Olympic Games differ based on

2) Gender?3) Age?4) Actual Attendance?5) Country of Residence?

QUESTIONS 2-5

10

The Following would Discourage You from Attending the 2016

Olympic Games

1. STRONGLY DISAGREE2. DISAGREE3. NEITHER4. AGREE5. STRONGLY AGREE

DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS: MEAN SCORES

11

Zika V

irus

Contam

inated

Wate

r

Terro

rism

Stree

t Crim

e

Fear

of Unk

nown S

ituati

ons

Obtaini

ng Pa

ssport

/Visa

Perso

nal H

ealth

Time a

nd Fi

nance

s0

0.51

1.52

2.53

3.54 3.55 3.64 3.69 3.49

2.9

2.162.48

3.42

INFERENTIAL STATISTICS MEAN SCORES

12% AGREE OR STRONGLY AGREE

USA CHINA OTHER010203040506070 66

44.6131.5

60.42 59.04 55.32

30.5339.69

27.49

Health Risks Safety RisksPersonal Concerns

13

USA CHINA OTHER01020304050607080

6346.63

30

69

42.633

Zika Contaminated Water

HEALTH RISKS (A & SA)

ZIKA VIRUS

USA CHINA33.13.23.33.43.53.63.73.8

CONTAMINATED WATER

USA CHINA OTHER2.83

3.23.43.63.8

4

16

USA CHINA OTHER010203040506070

59.6 60.9954.54

66.4560.99

66.6

55.22 55.1644.82

Riots/Demonstratons Terrorism Street Crime

SAFETY ISSUES (A & SA)

17TERRORISM (Mean Scores)

USA CHINA OTHER2.83

3.23.43.63.8

4

18

Unknown Situations Passports/Visas Time/Finances Personal Health0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

27.7

14.28

61.62

18.55

41.7133.64

52.02

31.3923.33

13.33

43.33

30

USA CHINA OTHER

PERSONAL ISSUES (A & SA)

19FEAR OF UNKOWN

USA CHINA OTHER0

1

2

31.82

2.852.16

20PASSPORTS & VISAS

USA CHINA OTHER00.5

11.5

22.5

3

1.82

2.85

2.16

21RESULTS: DEPENDENT VARIABLES

VARIABLE RESULT

Gender No

Age No

Attendance No

Country Yes

22WHY IS THERE A STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCE BASED ON COUNTRY OF RESIDENCE?

23

24

The extent to which the members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations and have created beliefs and institutions that try to avoid these.

UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE

Hofstede, G. (2016). Dimensions of National Culture. GeertHofstede.nl. Available at http://www.geerthofstede.nl/dimensions-of-national-cultures

2530

46

The lower the score…..The more comfortable with UNKNOWN situations and ambiguity

U.S.A.CHINA U

NCERTAINTY

AVOID

ANCE

26Participant Comments - Safety My friends and I were planning to go to Europe and one friend backed out

due to the fear of terrorist attacks. I would not be interested in attending the Olympic games in any country at

this point, USA or otherwise. The risk of terrorism seems too high to me. I have attended past Games but had no interest in traveling to Brazil for

these Games. The primary reason is personal safety.  The threat of terrorism is the greatest deterrent to travel at this point in

time. The radical Muslim factions must be stopped.  I have been to Rio twice for conferences. On both occasions I have been

subject to an attempted robbery/mugging (in broad daylight). 

27Participant Comments – Zika & Health Not worried about Zika...not planning to have children (I am a male) I am trying to conceive, so, the Zika virus would be my top concern Very concerned about the spread of Zika and the neurological

effects ...will not go to Rio because of it I would not want to risk my health - Zika virus is a huge determining factor. Zika virus is a real present danger to world health. May even be necessary

to postpone the event. Too much health risk! They should move the games.

 Water is an issue; other fears are VERY overblown,

28Participant Comments - Other Would love to go, but no reason to face all the 'stuff' happening

in Rio at this time News stories have clearly spelled out problems There have been so many serious issues for the Rio Olympics,

that I would not go if I was given a free ticket. The corruption of the Brazilian Government, along with that of

the IOC, discourages me.

29Participant Comments - Other With a perception of the bribery and kick back schemes

currently alleged against numerous government officials I'd have concerns about whether the government was ready.

I am not really worried about any of the Brazil issues because I'm used to traveling to China where there are always potential problems with water, disease, unknown situations, etc. 

I live in Rio de Janeiro, and my opinion, It is not necessary to worry about factors that are present in any big city (e.g. street crime) or can appear at any global event (e.g. terrorism/unknown situations).

30RESEARCH TEAM Lead Investigator Dr. Bonnie Tiell – Tiffin University Secondary Investigator Shi Ying – MBA Candidate Methodologist: Dr. Perry Haan Support Team:

Dr. David Waters Lori Sabatose Molly MagillKatie Tiell Alex Mallue Anthony MadleAnthony Garnica Kathleen BautistaSonyia WymiarkiewiczCara Roach Marcia-Gaye Knight Tatianna CarthornEllen Kaplan