Fig. 4-1a, p. 50

Fig. 4-2, p. 51

Fig. 4-3, p. 52

DNA

cytoplasm

plasma membrane

a Bacterial cell (prokaryotic)

Fig. 4-3, p. 52

DNA in nucleus

cytoplasm

plasma membrane

b Plant cell (eukaryotic)

Fig. 4-3, p. 52

DNA in nucleus

cytoplasm

plasma membrane

c Animal cell (eukaryotic)

Fig. 4-4, p. 53

Fig. 4-4, p. 53

one layerof lipidsone layerof lipids

membraneprotein

extracellularenvironment

cytoplasm

Fig. 4-5, p. 53

Fig. 4-6, p. 54

Fig. 4-9, p. 57

A calcium pumpmoves calcium ionsacross the membrane;requires ATP energy.

EXTRACELLULAR FLUID

phospholipid

LIPIDBILAYER

CYTOPLASMprotein filaments of the cytoskeleton

B cell receptor.It binds to bacteria,other foreign agents.

Recognition protein thatidentifies a cell as belongingto one’s own body.

A glucose transporterallows glucose to crossthe membrane througha channel in its interior.

An ATP synthase,which makes ATP whenH+ crosses a membranethrough its interior.

Fig. 4-11, p. 58

bacterial flagellum

pilusplasma membrane

DNA in nucleoid

cytoplasm, with ribosomes

Most prokaryotic cells have a cellwall outside the plasma membrane,and many have a thick, jellylikecapsule around the wall. cell

wallcapsule

Fig. 4-14, p. 60

mitochondria

plasmamembrane

nucleus

Fig. 4-14, p. 60

nucleus

cell wall

plasmamembrane

centralvacuole

chloroplast

Table 4-2, p. 60

Table 4-3, p. 60

Fig. 4-15, p. 61

cytoplasm

nuclear envelope

chromatin

nucleolus

Fig. 4-15, p. 61

nuclear envelope’souter lipid bilayermerging with anER membrane

nucleus

chromatin

pore across thenuclear envelope

nucleoplasm

nucleolus

Fig. 4-15, p. 61

cytoplasm

nuclear pore

nuclear envelope(two lipid bilayers)

Fig. 4-16, p. 62

the cell nucleus

chromatin

nucleolus nuclear envelope(two lipid bilayers)

pore

cytoplasm

ribosome vesicle

rough ER

Fig. 4-16, p. 62

smooth ER channel, cross-section

plasma membraneGolgi bodysmooth ER

budding vesicle

Fig. 4-17, p. 63

inner membrane

outer membrane

outer compartment

inner compartment

Fig. 4-18, p. 63

thylakoids(inner membranesystem folded intoflattened disks)

two outermembranes

stroma

CENTRAL VACUOLE

LYSOSOME-LIKE VESICLE

GOLGI BODY

SMOOTH ER

ROUGH ER

RIBOSOMES

NUCLEUS

CHLOROPLAST

CYTOSKELETON

MITOCHONDRION

PLASMODESMA

PLASMA MEMBRANE

CELL WALL

Fig. 4-19, p.65

nuclear envelopenucleolusDNA innucleoplasm

microtubulesmicrofilamentsintermediatefilaments(not shown)

a Typical plant cell components.

CYTOSKELETON

MITOCHONDRION

CENTRIOLES

LYSOSOME

GOLGI BODY

SMOOTH ER

ROUGH ER

RIBOSOMES

NUCLEUS

PLASMA MEMBRANE

microtubulesmicrofilamentsintermediatefilaments

nuclear envelopenucleolusDNA innucleoplasm

b Typical animal cell components. Fig. 4-19, p. 64

Fig. 4-24, p. 68

tubulinsubunit

25 nm

Fig. 4-24, p. 68

actinsubunit

5–7 nm

Fig. 4-24, p. 68

8–12 nm

onepolypeptide

chain

Fig. 4-25, p. 68

Fig. 4-26, p. 69

Fig. 4-27, p. 69

dynein arms

proteinspokes

plasmamembrane

pair of microtubules in a central sheath

pair ofmicrotubules

dynein arms

basal body