Feed Raw Material Feed Raw Material Handling and StorageHandling and Storage

Raw Material for Raw Material for Poultry FeedPoultry Feed

Raw Material

% of Feed

Sources

Coarse grains

48 Maize, Rice tips, Sorghum & Wheat.

Cereal by products

18 Rice polishing, Rice bran, Wheat bran, Maize bran & Molasses.

Vegetable Proteins

20 Soybean meal, Canola meal, Sunflower meal, Rape seed meal, Guar meal, Cotton seed meal, Sesame meal & Corn gluten meal.

Animal Proteins

7 Fish meal, Poultry by product meal, Meat meal.

Others 5 Dicalcium Phosphate, Limestone, Bone meal.

Micro-Ingredients

2 Vitamins, Minerals, Amino acids, Feed additives & Coccidiostats.

Handling & StorageHandling & Storage Grain storageGrain storage GodownsGodowns

– BaggedBagged– Bulk storageBulk storage– SilosSilos

Meal storageMeal storage– BaggedBagged

Liquid storageLiquid storage– Tanks & binsTanks & bins

Vitamins storageVitamins storage– TemperatureTemperature– LightLight– HumidityHumidity

RAW MATERIAL QUALITY CONTROLRAW MATERIAL QUALITY CONTROL

STORAGERequirements

Concrete FloorsWell VentilatedRain & leak Proof Roofs & Walls

SILOSAeration

Uniform Temperature

Inter-bin transfer

Grain Storage Grain Storage ManagementManagement

Main process of theMain process of the““Quality Management System”Quality Management System”

Requirement of all Industrial Standards and Requirement of all Industrial Standards and Food Food and Safety Lawsand Safety Laws

– HACCPHACCP– Hazard analysis and critical control pointsHazard analysis and critical control points

– ISO 22000 ISO 22000  International Organization for Standardization

– GSP (Good Storage Practices)GSP (Good Storage Practices)

RAW MATERIAL RAW MATERIAL StorageStorage Producer/ FarmerProducer/ Farmer Merchandiser/ Middle-manMerchandiser/ Middle-man GovernmentGovernment Feed Mill / Flour MillFeed Mill / Flour Mill

Scope of storage can be different Scope of storage can be different for them, but objective should be for them, but objective should be the same.the same.

Preserving ValuePreserving Value Preserving UtilityPreserving Utility

Grain Storage Grain Storage Management SystemManagement System ““Creating and maintaining a Creating and maintaining a

storage environment that enables storage environment that enables grain to be stored without grain to be stored without significant quality degradation”.significant quality degradation”.

Enemies of Grain Enemies of Grain QualityQuality InsectsInsects MoistureMoisture HeatHeat MoldsMolds

Friends of Grain QualityFriends of Grain Quality SelectionSelection Grain cleaningGrain cleaning SanitationSanitation AerationAeration ChemicalsChemicals MaintenanceMaintenance

Short-chain VFAs

No residues

Reduce PH

How to Store ?How to Store ? Traditional SystemTraditional System

– Bags – WarehouseBags – Warehouse Advanced SystemAdvanced System

– SilosSilos

Traditional System’sTraditional System’sInsufficiencyInsufficiency

Material Handling Reasons.Material Handling Reasons.– Increased VolumesIncreased Volumes– Labor shortageLabor shortage

Regulatory Reasons.Regulatory Reasons.– Industrial StandardsIndustrial Standards– Regulatory standardsRegulatory standards

Economical Reasons.Economical Reasons.– Cost of bagsCost of bags– Cost of warehouseCost of warehouse

Establishing a good Grain Storage Management Establishing a good Grain Storage Management System is relatively difficultSystem is relatively difficult

Grain Storage SilosGrain Storage Silos

TypesTypes– Concrete siloConcrete silo– Steel SiloSteel Silo

Recent TrendRecent TrendFrom concrete...

…to steel.

Why Steel SilosWhy Steel Silos Economical than concrete.Economical than concrete.

– DesigningDesigning– ConstructionConstruction

Ease of installation.Ease of installation. Resale or Change of placeResale or Change of place

Feature of Steel SiloFeature of Steel Silo Silo loading systemSilo loading system Silo Un-loading SystemSilo Un-loading System

– Sweep augersSweep augers– Side drawSide draw

Temperature monitoring systemTemperature monitoring system Aeration systemAeration system FumigationFumigation Level indicatorsLevel indicators Inside/out side laddersInside/out side ladders

85-07214 85-07214 85-07214 85-07214 Delete this silo

3 x 25.00 M

26.0

00 M

D=21.95 M

(2) 45-01234TRUCK/BAGLOADOUT

SILOS

‘SCALPERATOR’PRE-CLEANER(CLOSED CIRCUIT)

GRAIN STORAGE FACILITY

GRAIN STORAGE FOR 30,000 MT WHEATIN (8) SILOS, 3,800 MT STORAGE EACHRECEIVING CAPACITY 150 MT/H

APP

R. 1

.500

MM

STEM

WA

LL11

.43

M

17.2

M

TRUCKENTRANCE

TRUCKEXIT

BAGGINGSTATION

SILO AERATIONFANS

SILO HIGH LEVEL INDICATION

Grain Storage SilosGrain Storage Silos

Outside LadderFlooring

Quick Access Doors One ring One ring

access access (30” X 41½”) (30” X 41½”) – Two tier walk Two tier walk

(26” X 61½”) (26” X 61½”)

Larger Access Doors 6’X7’ Drive in 6’X7’ Drive in

DoorDoor 7’X7’ Drive in 7’X7’ Drive in

DoorDoor 12’X12’ Drive 12’X12’ Drive in Doorin Door

Sampling & Receiving

Grain samplingGrain sampling

Truck tipping

Truck receiving station

Rail loading station (bulk)

SelectionSelection

SelectionSelection

CleaningCleaning

ReceivingReceiving

LoadingLoading

Distribute Distribute “fines”“fines”– GravityGravity– No density No density

separationseparation

InformationInformationTemperature Cable SystemTemperature Cable System

Temperature MonitoringTemperature Monitoring

Why to Aerate Grain?Why to Aerate Grain?

To condition dry grainTo condition dry grain Conditioned grainConditioned grain

– Less mold/fungi growthLess mold/fungi growth– Less insect activityLess insect activity– Managed moistureManaged moisture– Managed heatManaged heat

Improve chances of successful Improve chances of successful storagestorage

Why Aerate Grain?Why Aerate Grain? Grain condition canGrain condition can

– never be improvednever be improved– can only be maintainedcan only be maintained

Why Aerate Grain?Why Aerate Grain? Because grain is aliveBecause grain is alive

– If planted, it will growIf planted, it will grow

Why Aerate Grain?Why Aerate Grain? Living grainLiving grain

– Breathes airBreathes air– Releases Releases

moisturemoisture Aeration equalizes Aeration equalizes

moisturemoisture Aeration equalizes Aeration equalizes

temperaturetemperature

Why Aerate Grain?Why Aerate Grain? Mold and fungi always presentMold and fungi always present Spoilage created bySpoilage created by

– Mold & fungiMold & fungi– HeatHeat– MoistureMoisture

Control insect environmentControl insect environment

Silo Aeration SystemSilo Aeration System

Roof VentsRoof Vents ElbowElbow MushroomMushroom

Aeration System

Aeration FrontAeration Front

Aeration Front

Temperature Cable SystemTemperature Cable System

Cooling Front

Temperature Cable SystemTemperature Cable System

Cooling Front

Moisture - Temperature - Storage Moisture - Temperature - Storage CapabilityCapability

Moisture

Tem

pera

ture

40

30

20

10

ºC ºF

Insects

Fungi

FumigationFumigation

Close / seal ventClose / seal vent SealableSealable Recirculation Recirculation

SystemSystem

Seal Eaves

Aeration Fan

Fumigation Fan

Silo UnloadingSilo Unloading

Unloading SystemUnloading System

Center Well

IntermediateWells

Center unloadingCenter unloading

Side Draw Silo Side Draw Silo UnloadingUnloading

UnloadingUnloading

UnloadingUnloading

SWEEP AUGER

Traditional Drying

HiTech FeedsLahore

Grain Dryer

Successful Grain Successful Grain StorageStorage