FEASIBILITY STUDY - DAMTP · Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library Rick mather...
Transcript of FEASIBILITY STUDY - DAMTP · Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library Rick mather...
CHRIST'S COLLEGE NEW LIBRARY
FEASIBIL ITY STUDY
02.03 .2010
Rick matheR aRchitects123 Camden High Street London NW1 7JR Tel +44 [0]20 7284 1727 Fax +44 [0]20 7267 7826 www.rickmather.com
DrAFT
Rick mather architects 2Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
CONTENTS
Proposed Aer ia l View f rom the South
ExECUTIVE SUmmArY
rICk mAThEr ArChITECTS
INTrODUCTION
SITE
ExISTINg L IBrArY - ISSUES
ThE BrIEF
ENVIrONmENTAL CrEDENTIALS
OPTIONS APPrAISAL
PrOPOSED L IBrArY APPENDIx
DrAFT
Second Court
First Court
St Andrew's St
Christ'
s Lan
e
Rick mather architects 3Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
ExECUTIVE SUmmArYLIBrArY PrOjECT grOUP NOTE
We consider that Rick Mather Architects have produced an exciting design. Among its features are:
• ItprovidesabuildingthattheCollegecanbeproudof,withanimprovedentrancefromFirst Court.• Itofferstheprospectofmanymorestudentsbeingattractedtoworkinthenewbuilding, asitoffersacombinationoftraditionalformallibraryworkingareas,lessformalseating, discussion spaces and a cafe. • Experienceelsewherehasbeenthatmanystudentsliketoworkinacafeenvironment.Itwill alsoofferanewplaceforeverybodyintheCollegetomeet:students,Fellowsandsupport staff.• ThedesignmakesmaximumuseofpreciousCollegelandonthedomussite.• Thespaceinthebuildingisincreasedfromc.405sq.mtoc.1200sq.m,andsoprovidesmuch-needed additionalspaceforstaffandstudents.• Itishighlyeco-friendly.• Thespacewillbeflexibleandeasilyadaptabletootheruse,astheneedmightarise.• OpeninguptheOldLibraryandmakinguseofK4willprovideanewandveryattractive workingareaandmakepublicaccesseasiertohandle.
RickMatherArchitectswereappointedinJuly2009followingathoroughselectionprocess,beginningwithalistofadozenarchitects.SincetheirappointmenttheirnewextensiontotheAshmoleanhasmetwithacclaim.Ourbrieftothemwastoproducematerialsuitableforfundraising.Theyhavetakenthedesignonlyasfarasthat:veryconsiderableadditionalworkwillbeneededbeforeanyconstructioncanbegin.____________________________________________
New L ib ra ry read ing room
New L ib ra ry in Contex t
First
Court
St Andrew's St
Chr
ist's
Lan
e
Rick mather architects 4Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
rICk mAThEr ArChITECTS
RickMatherleadsabusyinternationalarchitectural,masterplanningandurbandesignpractice.Completedworkspansbothnewbuildandrenovationwithaspecialinterestintheculturalandeducationsectors.Thisiscombinedwitharecognisedandinnovativeexpertiseintheintelligentre-interpretationofexisting,oftenlistedstructuresandinsustainablelowenergybuilding.
Recentlycompletedprojectsincludethe£61millionexpansionandrenovationoftheAshmoleanMuseum,andanewmusicauditoriumforCorpusChristiCollege,Oxford.
AwardwinningprojectsincludetherenovationandextensionoftheDulwichPictureGallery,theWallaceCollection,theNationalMaritimeMuseumin London.____________________________________________
New bu i ld ings a t keb le Co l lege , Ox fo rd
recent ly comple ted Ashmolean museum, Oxford New Aud i to r ium w i th in c i t y wa l l , Corpus Chr is t i Co l lege , Ox fo rd
Rick mather architects 5Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
INTrODUCTION
RickMatherArchitectshavebeenaskedtopreparethisreportoutliningthedesignapproachforaNewLibraryprojectforChrist'sCollege,Cambridge.
TheproposedsitefortheNewLibraryisanopportunitytobuildonauniquesiteinoneofCambridge’soldestColleges-accesseddirectlyfromFirstCourt.ThebriefcallsforthecreationofaninspiringnewlibrarywhichwillservetheCollegecommunityintothefuture.
Theenclosedproposalsmeetalloftherequirementsofthebriefwhilstatthesametimerespectingthecontextandmakingaslittlephysicalimpactaspossible.____________________________________________
Proposed Aer ia l View f rom the West
Second
Court
First Court
St And
rew's
St
Christ's Lane
Rick mather architects 6Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
SITE
Locat ion p lan .
Thesmallsiteliesinthesoutherncornerofthecollege,nestlingbetweenexistingFirstCourtbuildingsandlaterkitchenextensions.AbuffbrickwallpresentlyseparatesthesitefromChrist'sLane.Thesiteislargelyoccupiedbytheexistinglibrarydatingfromthe1970s.
TheCollege'sdesiretoplacethelibraryattheheartofitsacademiccommunityhasledtothechoiceofthissiteoverothers.ItspositionwillallowthelibrarytohaveafirstcourtpresencealongwithotherkeyCollegefunctionssuchasChapelandHall.ItwillalsoallowadirectconnectionwiththeOldLibrarydesignedbyBodleyin1895____________________________________________
St Andrew's St
" I t i s no t in church work a lone tha t mr. Bod ley has won h is laure ls . The
add i t ion to k ing ’s Co l lege , Cambr idge , and the res to ra t ion o f the l ib ra ry a t
Chr is t ’s Co l lege , and many o ther bu i ld ings show the same de l i ca te care , the
same long ing fo r s imp l i c i t y, t ru th , and repose. "
W.m. Fawcet t , Vice-Pres iden t r IBA, p resent ing the 1899 roya l go ld meda l to
mr. g. F. Bod ley
Christ's Pieces
Christ's College
Emmanuel College
Christ
's La
ne
Rick mather architects 7Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
Ex is t ing ground F loor P lan
ExISTINg L IBrArYISSUES
Exis t ing F i rs t F loor P lan
TheexistinglibrarybuildingsfailtofulfiltheCollege'sneed.
Theexistingcollectionofbuildingsincludeaconvertedlecturetheatre,a1970slibrary&bathroombuilding,andan1895-7libraryconvertedandextendedfromFirstCourt.
The present reading room suffers from overheating inthewarmmonthsandonlycatersforaround60readerswhenfull.Bookstorageisalmostatcapacityandthestafffacilitiesareminimal.
Thehighlightedissuesinclude:
-CircuitousroutethroughStaircaseG
-Thefireescapestairwithinthecourtyard
-BlockeddoorwayintoButtery
-Multiplelevelchangesincourtyard
First CourtHall
Upper
HallServery
Supervision
Rooms
Reading Room
Bath Court
Old
Library
OL
Office
St A
ndrew's S
t
Stacks
Stacks
Bath Court
Staircase
G
WCsBoiler
WCsStacks Stacks
Kitchen
Christ's Lane
Buttery
Rick mather architects 8Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
ExISTINg L IBrArYISSUES
Chris t ’s Lane facade Signs a re requ i red where a rch i tec tu re shou ld speak fo r i t se l f
F i re escape compromises l ib ra ry cour t and b locked up h is to r i c doorway
Ci rcu i tous en t ry to ex is t ing L ib ra ry cour t
Inac t i ve L ib ra ry facade No brea th ing space fo r Bod ley L ib ra ry Overbear ing p resence o f p lan t
TheNewLibrarypresentstheopportunitytoimproveexistingCollegeconditionsandintheprocessimprovetheprofileofthelibrarywithintheCollegeCommunity.KeyamongsttheseissuesiscreatingacleardirectFirstCourtpresence.____________________________________________
Rick mather architects 9Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
Poten t ia l to incorpora te h is to r i c wa l l o f F i rs t Cour t range
ExISTINg L IBrArY POSITIVE ATTrIBUTES
Potent ia l F i rs t Cour t p resence
Po ten t ia l to make the most o f the Bod ley L ib ra ry Poten t ia l Bu t te ry l i nk
TheNewLibraryshouldtakekeypositiveattributesof the existing site and enhance them through creativedesigntobesteffect.Theelementshighlightedarenotexhaustivebuthighlightkeydesign drivers.
ThepotentialtocreateaNewLibraryadjacenttoperhapstheoldestwallinCollegepresentsaninvitingopportunitytomakeastatementabouttheCollege'spast,present,andfutureinasinglenewbuilding.____________________________________________
Rick mather architects 10Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
ThE BrIEF
Thebriefcallsforaninterestingmixofreaderspacesalongwithbothopen,andclosedaccessshelving.Stafffacilitiesaretobeimproved,andapurposebuiltrarebooksreadingroomwithassociatedstorageisalsorequired.ThenewbuildingisconnectedwiththefirstflooroftheBodleyLibraryinorderthatthetwobuildingscanbeusedinconjunction.
The design provides:
117Readerspacesinvariousconfigurationsincluding:24Comfyseats68Seatsincoveredcourtyard
4Supervision/meetingrooms
2 Discussion rooms
1 Large meeting room
2Setoftoiletsforintervalsinhall
1Purposesmallbuiltmanuscriptsstore
Rarebooksreadingroom
Exhibitionspace
Generousstaffaccommodation,includingteaareaandstore
Shelvingmeetingtherecommendedsplit:
25%-625Linearmetresopenrollingshelves
25%-625Linearmetresclosedrollingshelves
50%-1250Linearmetresofopenaccess
Si te shown w i th Br ie f requ i rements a t the same sca le on one leve l
New L ib ra ry s i te boundary
Rick mather architects 11Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
ExECUTIVE SUmmArYENVIrONmENTAL CrEDENTIALS
New L ib ra ry en t rance f rom F i rs t Cour t
Covered Cour t c rea ted f rom Bath Cour t
TheNewLibrarywouldemployseveralenvironmentalmeasurestoreduceitsenergyfootprint.Moredetailcanbefoundintheappendixbutkeyfeaturesare:
•GroundSourceHeatPumpforheatingandcooling
•Peakcoolingloadsachievedwithadiabaticlowenergyventilationsystemwithenergyrecovery.
•Highthermalmassofstructuretoabsorb,storeandlaterradiateheat,stabilisingtheinternaltemperature.
•LowenergyluminairessuchasLED’sandfluorescenttypelamps.
•U-valuestoexceedbuildingregulationrequirements.
•Tightlysealedfacadetopreventairleakage.
____________________________________________
Rick mather architects 12Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
OPTIONS APPrAISALrETAIN ExISTINg L IBrArY
TheexistinglibraryfailstofulfiltheneedsoftheCollegeasoutlinedearlierinthisdocument.
Refurbishingtheexistinglibraryandconvertingthebathroomsintobookstoragewouldprovidebetween1/4and1/3ofthestatedbrief.
Theexistinglibrarywouldneedtohave41/2floorsmoretofulfilthebriefrequirement.Howeverthiscouldnotsimplybe'added'tothetopoftheexist-ingstructureasitcouldnotsupportit-itwouldneedtobuiltafresh.
TheotherissuewouldbetheinterruptionofsightlinesfromFirstCourtasshowninthediagramaswellas'overpowering'Christ'sLane.____________________________________________
Sect ion showing ex is t ing L ib ra ry and expans ion requ i red to accommodate b r ie f . Ex is t ing L ib ra ry facade to Chr is t ' s Lane
Christ's Lane
Boiler
Library
Bath CourtFirst
Court
First Court sight lines
Rick mather architects 13Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
OPTIONS APPrAISALShOP OPTION
Thepossibilityofincorporatingshopsintoapro-posalwasexploredtohelpenlivenChrist'sLane&providepotentialincomefortheCollege.
Asthesectionshowsincorporatingshopsmeansamuchlargerproposalandalsocreatesablankfacade-therearoftheshops-toCollege.Becausetheshopsneedalargefloor-to-ceilingheight(higherthanalibrary)inbothgroundandbase-ment,andtheshops'datumisChrist'sLane-1mabovelibrarycourt-acombinedproposalendsupdwarfingChrist'slaneandcompromisingviewsfromFirstCourt.____________________________________________
Effec t o f inser t ing shops be low L ib ra ry on facade to Chr is t ' s LaneSect ion showing combined Shops and L ib ra ry and re la t ionsh ip to s igh t l i nes f rom F i rs t Cour t
Shop Unit
Library
Inactive
Covered
Court
First
CourtShop BasementService
Route
First Court sight lines
Christ's Lane
Rick mather architects 14Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
OPTIONS APPrAISAL L IBrArY OPTION
Thefinaloptionplacesanewbuildlibraryonthesiteoftheexistinglibrary&lecturetheatrebuildings.
Thesectionshowshowthelibraryislowerthantheshopoptionasitsdatumislibrarycourtandthefloor-to-ceilingheightcanbelower.Asthelibrarycanaddresslibrarycourtitispossibleto'activate'thisspacebycoveringitandmakinganinterstitialspacebetweenthecafe/butteryandthelibrary'proper'-AnewcommunalspacefortheCollege.
ItdoesnotinterferewiththesightlinesfromFirstCourtandstillprovidesalevelofinteractionwithChrist'sLanethroughtheuseoflargebaywindows.____________________________________________
Sect ion showing New L ib ra ry s i t t i ng under s igh t l i nes f rom F i rs t Cour t and appropr ia te ly sca le fo r Chr is t ' s Lane New L ib ra ry p roposed facade to Chr is t ' s Lane
First Court sight lines
Library
Active
Covered
Court
First
Court
Christ's Lane
Rick mather architects 15Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
PrOPOSED grOUND FLOOr
Exis t ing l ib ra ry bu i ld ing ou t l ine
TheNewLibrarygroundfloorextendstoengagefirstcourtandenclosesthecoveredcourt.TheCoveredCourtcreatesspacearoundtheBodleyLibraryandlinksintotheButtery.____________________________________________
Library Covered Court Service/Staff Furniture
Covered Court / Cafe
Informal Reading
Void
Library
Office
StoreKitchen
Issue DeskWC
WC
Lift
Large
Meeting
Room
Exhibition
Buttery
Supervision /
Meeting / Break-
out Room
Supervision /
Meeting / Break-
out Room
Supervision /
Meeting / Break-
out Room
Supervision /
Meeting / Break-
out RoomKitchen
Exhibition
First Court
G
Mountbatten
Room
Rick mather architects 16Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
PrOPOSED BASEmENT
TheNewLibrarybasementcontainsrollerrackingforover1000mofbooks,dividedintoclosedandopenstacks.ItprovidesadoubleheightreadingroomwithviewsoftheBodleyLibrary.ItalsocontainsWCsforusewithHall.____________________________________________
Informal
Reading
Open Access
M WCsF WCs
Closed Access Rolling
Lift
Plant
Room
Open Access Rolling
Reader
Niche
Store
Reader Space
Library Service/Staff Furniture
Rick mather architects 17Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
PrOPOSED FIrST FLOOr
TheNewLibraryFirstFloorconnectstotheOldLibrary.Inthenewbuildingvariousformal&informalseatingissurroundedbybookcasesaswellasisolatedsmalldiscussionrooms.WCsarealsoprovidedforthewholeLibraryatthislevel.____________________________________________
Bodley Library
Open AccessReader Space
F WCs
Reader
Niche
Reader Space Lift
Discussion
Room
Reader Space
M
WCs
Discussion
Room
Window
Seat
Window
Seat
Fellows' Parlour
Bridge
Library Service/Staff Furniture
Rick mather architects 18Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
PrOPOSED FIrST FLOOrOLD L IBrArY
TheNewLibraryFirstFloorconnectstotheBodleyLibrarywhereanew'MiltonStudySuite'iscreated.K4couldbetransformedintoanArchivestudyroomwithadirectlinktotheMunimentRoom.TheexistingManuscriptsstorecouldbeconvertedintoanatmosphericallycontrolledstorefortheCollege'smostvaluabledocuments.TheexistingOldLibraryOfficecouldalsobecomeareadingroom.BothoftheseroomscouldbeaccessedindependentlyfromFirstCourtenablingvisitinggroupstoarrivewithoutinterruptingstudyintheNewLibrary.
TheOldLibraryisalsoshownwiththecentralaisleclearedandanew'readingroom'shownattheChrist'sLaneendallowingstudentstoworkwithinhistoricsurroundingsiftheysochoose.____________________________________________
roya l hor t i cu l tu ra l Soc ie ty p ressed f lower s tudy room
Library Service/Staff Furniture
Archive
Store
Study Room
K4 Study Room
Muniment Room
Old Library
Old Library
Reading Room
break line
Rick mather architects 19Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
PrOPOSED SECOND FLOOr
TheNewLibrarysecondfloorprovidesvariousformalandinformalreaderspaceincludingcarrels&windowseatsaswellasagroupreaderniche.Italsohasaanoutdoorterracewithviewsoutoverthe surrounding roofs.____________________________________________
Library Terrace Service/Staff Furniture
Open AccessReader
Space
Reader
Niche
Reader SpaceLift
Plant Room
Window
Seat
Window
Seat
Informal
Reading
Terrace
Rick mather architects 20Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
PrOPOSED ThIrD FLOOr
TheNewLibraryThirdFloorisflexibleandcanprovidevariousreaderspacesoractasalectureroomforover50withprojection.ItalsohasanoutdoorterracewithviewsoftheCambridgeskyline.____________________________________________
Al te rna t i ve a r rangement fo r lec tu re
Library Terrace Service/Staff Furniture
Reader Space /
Lecture Space
Reader SpaceLift
Window
Seat
Terrace
Rick mather architects 21Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
SECTION
ThesectionshowshowtheNewLibrarystepsbackfromtheFirstCourtRangeandChrist'sLane,andfallsbelowviewsfromFirstCourt.TheCoveredCourtroofissupportedfromtheNewLibrary.RearrangingstaircaseGwouldallowamoredirectconnectionwithFirstCourt,raisingtheLibrary'spresenceonFirstCourt. ____________________________________________
Covered
CourtImproved First Court Connection
First
Court
Christ's
Lane
views
First Court sight lines
Christ's
Lane
Development
Rick mather architects 22Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
ThesectionshowshowtheNewLibrarystepsbackfromtheOldLibraryprovidingsouthfacingterracesat2ndand3rdfloorlevels.ThedoubleheightreadingroomgivesviewsuptotheBodleyLibrary,andtheotherfloorshaveviewsthroughtothecoveredcourtandthepatinaoftheoldwall.____________________________________________
SECTIONFrOm ChrIST 'S LANE
Reader Space
Reader Space
Reader NicheReader Space
Terrace
Terrace
Bodley
Library
Meeting
Rooms
Reader Niche
Plant
Room
Plant
Room
Dining / Meeting
Room
Discussion Rooms
Library OfficeInformal Reading
Open Access
Open Access
Open Access
Kitchen
Double Height
Reading Room
St Andrew's StCovered
Court
views
views
Rick mather architects 23Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
ELEVATIONChrIST 'S LANE
TheChrist'sLaneelevationtakescuesfromtheBodleyLibraryandusesbaywindowstocreateanimationalongthelane.TheparapetwallheightistakenfromtheUpperHallbuildingandthenstepsdowntoacknowledgetheOldLibrary.Alightcolouredstone,orbrickcouldbeusedtorelatetotheCollege'sotherbuildingsonChrist'sLane.____________________________________________
Bodley Library New Library Kitchen Service
Entrance
Upper Hall
Rick mather architects 24Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
Chr is t ' s Lane v iew w i th ex is t ing l ib ra ry Chr is t ' s Lane v iew w i th New L ib ra ry showing bay w indows
I LLUSTrATIVE VIEWSChrIST 'S LANE
TheviewalongChrist'sLaneshowsthenewbaywindows,followingBodley'sprecedent,creatinganimationandaddingaglassnotetoanotherwisesolidelevation.TheparapetwallheightistakenfromtheUpperHallbuildingandthenstepsdowntogivetheBodleyLibrary'breathingspace'.____________________________________________
Rick mather architects 25Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
Ci rcu i tous en t ry to ex is t ing Bath Cour t
I LLUSTrATIVE VIEWSFIrST COUrT ENTrANCE
Proposed rear ranged s ta i rcase to New L ib ra ry Cour t A l te rna t i ve b r idge p roposa l showing c lear rou te to New L ib ra ry Cour t
TheNewLibrary'spresenceonFirstCourtcouldbeimprovedthroughrearrangingstaircaseG.Theexisting1960s/70sstaircasecouldbereplacedtogiveaclearroute,andview,intothecoveredcourt.AlternativelyanewbridgeacrossLibrarycourtcouldgiveaccesstothe1stfloorlandingofstaircaseG.(shownfarrightbelow)____________________________________________
Rick mather architects 26Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
Ex is t ing v iew showing ex te rna l s ta i rcase and many leve l changes .
Proposed v iew showing Covered Cour t Cafe-A h ive o f ac t i v i t y a t the hear t o f the Co l lege
I LLUSTrATIVE VIEWSCOVErED COUrT
TheNewLibrary,alongwiththeFirstCourtrange,creates the Covered Court. This space can function independentlyoftheLibraryandallowsallyearuse,linkstotheButtery,andenlivensapresentlyinactivespacewhichcanbeusedasacafe.____________________________________________
Rick mather architects 27Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
ILLUSTrATIVE VIEW1ST FLOOr rEADINg rOOm
TheNewLibrarycreatesframedviewsoftheexistingbuildingssurroundingthecoveredcourt.Bodley'sOldLibraryisvisiblefromthe1stfloorreadingroomaswellasviewsbacktotheFirstCourt range.____________________________________________
New L ib ra ry f i r s t f loor read ing room wi th v iews to Bod ley facade and F i rs t Cour t range
Rick mather architects 28Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
APPENDIx
View over o ld l ib ra ry showing new l ib ra ry
Service Engineering
StructuralEngineering
Cost Statement____________________________________________
Rick mather architects 29Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
1. WHEN RETURN AIR > OUTSIDE AIR AND OUTSIDE AIR > 16 DEGREES CELSIUS THEN OPEN ROOF LIGHTS - TURN OFF EXTRACT FAN.
2. WHEN RETURN AIR < OUTSIDE AIR THEN VENTILATION ENERGY RECOVERY - COOLING.
3. WHEN OUTSIDE AIR < 16 DEGREES CELSIUS THEN VENTILATION ENERGY RE-COVERY - HEATING.
AIR RETURNED FOR ENERGY RECOVERY - SUMMER/WINTER
AIR TO OUTSIDE - SPRING/AUTUMN CONNECTIVITY TO OUTSIDE
OPENABLE ROOF LIGHTS
TheformandstructureoftheNewLibraryhavebeenconsideredinordertodesignoutasmanyengineeringservicesaspossible.Thelibrarywillachievethiswithhighlevelsofthermalinsulationaroundaheavyweightstructure,anairtightenvelopeandeffectiveuseofglazingfordaylighttominimisecarbondioxideemissionsutilisingpassivesolardesignandlowenergysolutions.Significantlyreducingtheoverallenergyconsumptionwillmaximisethecontributionoftheproposedrenewabletechnologies.
Thelibrary’scloseproximitytoabusyshoppingstreetandthepresenceofstreetbuskerspreventsopenablefenestrationifquietstudyisrequired.ThereforetheLibraryinthemainwillbemechanicallyventilatedusingadisplacementsystem.Thistypeofsystemfunctionsbyintroducingairatlowvelocityatlowlevelata
SErVICE ENgINEErINg
1. WHEN RETURN AIR > OUTSIDE AIR AND OUTSIDE AIR > 16 DEGREES CELSIUS THEN OPEN ROOF LIGHTS - TURN OFF EXTRACT FAN.
2. WHEN RETURN AIR < OUTSIDE AIR THEN VENTILATION ENERGY RECOVERY - COOLING.
3. WHEN OUTSIDE AIR < 16 DEGREES CELSIUS THEN VENTILATION ENERGY RE-COVERY - HEATING.
AIR RETURNED FOR ENERGY RECOVERY - SUMMER/WINTER
AIR TO OUTSIDE - SPRING/AUTUMN CONNECTIVITY TO OUTSIDE
OPENABLE ROOF LIGHTS
1. WHEN RETURN AIR > OUTSIDE AIR AND OUTSIDE AIR > 16 DEGREES CELSIUS THEN OPEN ROOF LIGHTS - TURN OFF EXTRACT FAN.
2. WHEN RETURN AIR < OUTSIDE AIR THEN VENTILATION ENERGY RECOVERY - COOLING.
3. WHEN OUTSIDE AIR < 16 DEGREES CELSIUS THEN VENTILATION ENERGY RE-COVERY - HEATING.
AIR RETURNED FOR ENERGY RECOVERY - SUMMER/WINTER
AIR TO OUTSIDE - SPRING/AUTUMN CONNECTIVITY TO OUTSIDE
OPENABLE ROOF LIGHTS
temperatureonlyslightlycoolerthanthedesiredroomairtemperature.Naturalconvectionfromheatsources,suchasoccupantsandequipment,thencausetheairtomoveupwardswhereitisexhaustedathighlevel.
Thisventilationstrategyworkswellwiththeheavyweightconcreteframetomaximisethestructure’sthermalperformance.Thisisessentialinreducingplantsizeasthethermalmassofthestructurecanabsorb,storeandlaterradiateheat,stabilisingtheinternaltemperatureofthebuilding.Exposedconcreteabsorbsmuchofthisheat,andcanreducedaytimetemperaturebyupto5°C.
Whencircumstancespermit,suchassummerandwinter,energyisrecoveredefficientlybytheventilationsystemandusedtotempertheincomingsupplyair.Afurtherbenefitofthe
systemistheuseoffullfreshairinbothwinterandsummerwithoutanyenergy-costpenalty.
Thecoveredcourtyardspacewillmakeuseofamix-modeventilationapproach.Thiscanbedescribedinsimpletermsasacombinationofnaturalventilationandmechanicalsystemsthatprovidesthermalcomfortineitherpassive(natural)oractive(mechanical)modes.Thebenefitsofthesystemwillmainlybeseeninspringandautumnwhenthetemperatureismildenoughtohavethewindowsopentomaintaincomfortableinternaltemperatures.
TherenewableenergytypeproposedfortheLibrarydevelopmentisagroundsourceheatpumputilisingverticalborepipework.Groundsourceheatpumps(GSHP)extractheatfromtheground.
1. When re tu rn A i r > ou ts ide a i r and ou ts ide a i r > 16 Degree Ce ls ius then open roo f l i gh ts - tu rn o f f ex t rac t fan
2 . When re tu rn a i r < ou ts ide a i r then ven t i la t ion energy recovery - coo l ing
3 . When ou ts ide a i r < 16Degree Ce ls ius then ven t i la t ion energy recovery - hea t ing
A i r re tu rned fo r energy recovery - summer / w in te r
A i r to ou ts ide - Spr ing / Au tumn connec t i v i t y to ou ts ide
Rick mather architects 30Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
1. FRESH AIR DRAWN THROUGH ADIABATIC VENTILATION PLANT.
2. SUPPLY AIR TO BASEMENT FROM RAISED FLOOR.
3. SUPPLY AIR TO UPPERS FLOORS FROM BENEATH BOOK CASES.
4. EXPOSED CONCRETE SOFFIT ABSORBS SOME HEAT DURING THE DAYTIME RELEASED BY NIGHT TIME ‘FREE’ COOLING STATEGY.
5. DISPLACEMENT VENTILATION RISES BY NATURAL BUOYANCY AND WARM AIR IS EXHAUSTED THROUGH HYGROSCOPIC ENERGY WHEEL.
6. HEATING AND COOLING WHERE REQUIRED PROVIDED BY GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP CONNECTED TO A SERIES OF CLOSED LOOP BOREHOLES.
1.
2.
3.
3.4.
6.
5.
ThelightingthroughouttheLibrarywillconsistgenerallyoflowenergyluminairessuchasLED’sandfluorescenttypelamps.Generalcontrolwillbeacombinationofautomaticallyrespondingtodaylightlevelandoccupantpresence/absencedetection.
Whiletheproposalssetoutinthisdocumentmayvaryasthedesignprogresses,theessenceofenergyefficientandrenewableenergymeasureswillremainpriorities.ThedesignproposalssetoutinthisreportwillbecontinuedthroughtheprojectinorderfortheLibrarytodemonstrateapractical,sustainableandultimatelyenergyefficientbuildingwithinitslocationconstraints.
Itisalsoproposedtoincorporaterenewableenergytechnologiesaspartofnewbuilding.Thelocation,andbuildingtypedo,however,maketheinclusionofsomerenewableslesseffectiveincontributingtothereductionofthebuilding'scarbonemissions.
Optionsexploredbutdiscountedinclude:
SolarCollectors–potentialvisualimpactandlimitedhotwaterdemandforhandwashing.
Photovoltaics–potentialvisualimpactandareawouldprovideminimalelectricalcontributionofbuildingtotaldemand.
BiomassBoilers–concernswithspaceavailable
SErVICE ENgINEErINg
1. FRESH AIR DRAWN THROUGH ADIABATIC VENTILATION PLANT.
2. SUPPLY AIR TO BASEMENT FROM RAISED FLOOR.
3. SUPPLY AIR TO UPPERS FLOORS FROM BENEATH BOOK CASES.
4. EXPOSED CONCRETE SOFFIT ABSORBS SOME HEAT DURING THE DAYTIME RELEASED BY NIGHT TIME ‘FREE’ COOLING STATEGY.
5. DISPLACEMENT VENTILATION RISES BY NATURAL BUOYANCY AND WARM AIR IS EXHAUSTED THROUGH HYGROSCOPIC ENERGY WHEEL.
6. HEATING AND COOLING WHERE REQUIRED PROVIDED BY GROUND SOURCE HEAT PUMP CONNECTED TO A SERIES OF CLOSED LOOP BOREHOLES.
1.
2.
3.
3.4.
6.
5.
forstorage,dischargeoffumesrequiringatallflueanddeliveryofthebiomassitself.
WindTurbines–visualimpactandbuiltenvironment reduces effectiveness due to interrupted air paths.
CombinedHeatandPower–concernswithattenuatingnoisefromtheenginegenerator.Alsoefficientsizingtosuitbaseheatloadwouldmeanadditionalheatingsourceswouldalsoberequired.
Aspartofthedevelopmenttheoldheatingplantservingthemajorityoffirstcourtwillberelocatedandreplacedwithnewmodulatingcondensingboilersreducingthecurrentenergydemands.
1. F resh a i r d rawn th rough ad iaba t ic ven t i la t ion p lan t .
2 . Supp ly a i r to basement f rom ra ised f loor.
3 . Supp ly A i r to uppers f loors f rom beneath book cases .
4 . Exposed concre te so f f i t absorbs some heat dur ing the day t ime re leased by n igh t t ime ' f ree ' ' coo l ing s t ra tegy.
5 . D isp lacement ven t i la t ion r i ses by na tu ra l buoyancy and warm a i r i s exhaus ted th rough hygroscop ic energy whee l .
6 . heat ing and coo l ing where requ i red p rov ided by g round source heat pump connec ted to a ser ies o f c losed loop boreho les .
Rick mather architects 31Feasibility Study christ's college cambridge New Library
STrUCTUrALENgINEErINg
ThestructuralschemehasbeendevelopedwithRickMatherArchitectsandMottMacDonaldserviceengineerstoprovideabuildingthathashighthermalmassuptoandincludingthethirdfloor,andwithalightweight,wellinsulatedconstructionatthetoplevel.
Substructure
Itisanticipatedthatthenewbasementwillbeconstructed using reinforced concrete contiguous piledretainingwallsthatcanbeinstalledfromgroundlevel.Someofthepileswillextendtosufficientdepthtobeabletocarrytheverticalloadsfromthesuperstructureabove.Reinforcedconcretepileswillalsoberequiredundertheinternalcolumnsandwalls.Thebasementslabwillbeconstructedusingreinforcedconcreteandwillbekeyedintothepiledwall.Itisanticipatedthatthegroundwatertableisabovethelevelofthebasementslab.Soitwillneedtobedesignedtoresistupwardswaterpressures.Thisalsomeansthatwerecommendthatthebasementbelinedwithadrainedcavityandraisedfloor.
Ageo-technicalsiteinvestigationwillberequiredtoconfirmtherequireddiameteranddepthofthepiles,thelevelofthegroundwatertable,andthenature,depthandwidthofthefoundationsoftheexistingbuildings.
Superstructure
The superstructure is constructed up to the third floorlevelusingareinforcedconcreteframewithflatconcreteslabs.Theexposedsoffitsoftheslabswillprovidethermalmass.Stabilityisprovidedbyconcreteshearwalls.Thetoplevelwillbeconstructedusingstructuralsteelcolumns,withsteelbeamsandmetaldeckingfortheroof.
CourtyardRoof
Variousoptionsforsupportingtheroofhavebeenconsidered. It is proposed that the framing of the roofwillbeprovidedusingsteelbeams,whichwillbeintegratedintotheoverallformoftheroofplanes.Itisproposedthatthoseroofbeamsshouldbeproppedbyinclinedstrutsthatareconnectedtothenewbuildingatthefloorlevels.Thiswouldavoidtheneedtoapplynewloadstotheexistingbuildings.Itmaybenecessaryinsomelocationstoapplyverticalloadstotheexistingwalls.Ifthisprovednecessary,itwouldbeensuredthattheseloadswereappliedaxiallytothesewalls,sothattherewillonlybeasmallincreaseinthecompressivestresses,butthatanyadditionalbendingwouldbeavoided.Thiswouldneedtobedevelopedasthedesignprogresses.Eleva ted v iew showing New L ib ra ry over O ld L ib ra ry w i th Chr is t ' s
Lane deve lopment to the r igh t