FBI Bomb Data Center
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U.S. Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Investigation Bombing of US Embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 1998 Bombing Incidents General Information Bulletin 98-1 Bombing of US Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya FBI Bomb Data Center
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Transcript of FBI Bomb Data Center
U.S. Department of Justice
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Bombing of US Embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
1998 Bombing Incidents
General Information Bulletin 98-1
Bombing of US Embassy in Nairobi, Kenya
FBI
Bomb Data Center
1998 BOMB SUMMARY
Contents
Introduction 2
Glossary of Terms 2
Bomb Data Center 3
Comments 6
Charts
Editors: Latonya O. GadsonMelody Lynn MichaelNancy Walsh
Designer: Lisa G. Brown
Staff
Incidents by Month 6
Incidents by Year 7
Top Ten States 8
Incidents by Region 8
Incidents by State - West 10
Incidents by State - South 11
Incidents by State - North Central 12
Incidents by State - East 13
Improvised Devices 14
Incidents by Target 16
Incidents by Time of Occurrence 17
Fuzing 18
Filler Material in Bottles/Containers 19
Injuries and Deaths 20
Hoax Devices 22
Bombing and Accidental Incidents 24
FBI Advisory Poster 25
Bomb Scene Card and Threat Cards 26
Request Form 27
2
Introduction
3
Law enforcement is a difficult enough challengewithout the added risk of improvised explosivedevices. The damage wrought by bombs isextremely ominous, striking random, innocentvictims, as seen in the bombing of the U.S.Embassies in Nairobi, Kenya and Dar es Salaam,Tanzania on August 7, 1998.
Specifically, 291 persons were killed andapproximately 5,000 more were injured in Nairobi,Kenya. Although Kenyan citizens sustained themajority of these casualties, there were also 12 U.S.citizens killed and six injured. The bombingincident in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania killed tenTanzanians, including seven local Embassyemployees. In addition, there were 77 personsinjured, including one U.S. citizen.
Bombers are often indiscriminate and frequentlyevade law enforcement by the remote nature oftheir crimes, frustrating the investigators, theforensic scientists, the entire law enforcementcommunity, and the public. Terrorists andcriminals are able to utilize improvised explosivemixtures in combination with sophisticated fuzingsystems. It is for these reasons that the resourcesof all law enforcement must unite and worktogether to combat terrorism. It is the commitmentof the FBI to use the resources of its LaboratoryDivision's Bomb Data Center (BDC) to supportthe fight against bombings nationwide andworldwide.
Historical Development
The BDC began as the National Bomb Data Centerin 1970. It was initially funded through the LawEnforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA)and managed by the International Association ofChiefs of Police. In 1972, the administration ofthe program was transferred to the FBI. Technicalsupports from the U.S. Army’s Picatinny Arsenalended in 1976 when LEAA funding ceased. TheFBI BDC then took over responsibility fortechnology transfer, training and publications.The BDC’s many distinct responsibilities areoutlined below.
Technical Training Program
The BDC oversees the technical training of allpublic safety bomb disposal personnel at theHazardous Devices School (HDS), RedstoneArsenal, Huntsville, Alabama. Since 1981, the FBIhas funded and administered the HDS throughthe BDC when Congress mandated that the FBIwould assume this responsibility. HDS is the onlyschool in the United States that trains and certifiespublic safety officials as bomb disposal technicians.To date, more than 6,450 technicians havegraduated from the Basic course. Two hundredforty-seven (247) of these technicians graduatedin 1998.
The unit also teaches Regional Bomb TechnicianSeminars. The topics covered include theconstruction and use of improvised explosivedevices, techniques for remote neutralization,discussions of research and development, and areview of new technical equipment. This seminaris only available to certified bomb technicians.
In keeping with its mission for bomb techniciansafety and professionalism, the BDC periodicallyhosts a Bomb Squad Commander’s Conference.These conferences are held approximately everyeighteen months and are attended by bomb squadcommanders from across the United States. Topicscovered have included bomb squad managementand safety, domestic and international bombingtrends, and an overview of bomb disposaltechniques.
Information Services Program
The BDC collects and reports bombing informationto public safety agencies, elected officials and otherinterested parties. The graphs and tables containedin the body of this summary reflect the use ofexplosive, incendiary, and hoax devices bycriminals in the United States. In addition to thesetypes of incidents, state and local public safety
The FBI Bomb Data Center (BDC) collects andreports bombing information to public safetyagencies, elected officials and the interested public. The graphs and tables contained in the body ofthis summary reflect the use of explosive andincendiary devices by criminals in the UnitedStates. Statistics show criminals are continuallyusing these devices to facilitate unlawful purposes.This places the public and law enforcementpersonnel at great risk.
The information contained in the charts comesfrom bombing incidents reported in 1998 and itsterritories. Also presented are statistics regardinghoax devices, recoveries of improvised devices,explosives, and military ordnance.
This data is collected and reported in accordancewith the provisions set forth in the Uniform FederalCrime Reporting Act of 1929, as amended. Thisencompasses federal, state, and local public safetyagencies, who make significant contributions toreporting this data to the FBI.
While we attempt to obtain data on all bombingincidents, it is necessary to point out that not everyincident is reported to law enforcement agencies,or in rare instances, those reported to the agenciesmay not come to the attention of the FBI. Specialthanks go to the agencies mentioned above whoseparticipation makes our goal of accurately reportingbombing statistics obtainable.
Actual Bombing: An illegal detonation or ignition of an explosive or incendiary device.
Attempted Bombing: An unsuccessful attempt to illegally detonate or ignite an explosiveor incendiary device. The failure of a device to detonate or ignite results from themalfunction of the device or the disarmament of the device before it functions.
Explosive Bombing: An illegal actual or attempted detonation of a device constructedwith high or low explosive material. For example, high explosive materials are explosivesthat can detonate with a blasting cap such as dynamite. Examples of low explosivematerials are black, smokeless, and flash powders. Low explosives generally burn.
Incendiary Bombing: An illegal ignition or attempted ignition of a device constructedwith flammable materials designed to produce a burning effect. Since incendiary bombingsare often called “fire bombings,” they are often considered arsons. However, the use ofa bona fide device, despite the intent or effects, is considered a bombing. An exampleof an incendiary device is a Molotov cocktail.
Accidental Bombing: A detonation that takes place, usually involving the bomb-maker,without a target, while constructing or placing the device. A device which did not functionat the time and place expected by the bomber.
Explosive and Incendiary Filler Category: An illegal device constructed with bothexplosive and incendiary materials. For example, a device constructed with a stick ofdynamite attached to the outside of a gasoline can.
Glossary of Terms
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Bomb Data Center
2
Introduction
3
Law enforcement is a difficult enough challengewithout the added risk of improvised explosivedevices. The damage wrought by bombs isextremely ominous, striking random, innocentvictims, as seen in the bombing of the U.S.Embassies in Nairobi, Kenya and Dar es Salaam,Tanzania on August 7, 1998.
Specifically, 291 persons were killed andapproximately 5,000 more were injured in Nairobi,Kenya. Although Kenyan citizens sustained themajority of these casualties, there were also 12 U.S.citizens killed and six injured. The bombingincident in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania killed tenTanzanians, including seven local Embassyemployees. In addition, there were 77 personsinjured, including one U.S. citizen.
Bombers are often indiscriminate and frequentlyevade law enforcement by the remote nature oftheir crimes, frustrating the investigators, theforensic scientists, the entire law enforcementcommunity, and the public. Terrorists andcriminals are able to utilize improvised explosivemixtures in combination with sophisticated fuzingsystems. It is for these reasons that the resourcesof all law enforcement must unite and worktogether to combat terrorism. It is the commitmentof the FBI to use the resources of its LaboratoryDivision's Bomb Data Center (BDC) to supportthe fight against bombings nationwide andworldwide.
Historical Development
The BDC began as the National Bomb Data Centerin 1970. It was initially funded through the LawEnforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA)and managed by the International Association ofChiefs of Police. In 1972, the administration ofthe program was transferred to the FBI. Technicalsupports from the U.S. Army’s Picatinny Arsenalended in 1976 when LEAA funding ceased. TheFBI BDC then took over responsibility fortechnology transfer, training and publications.The BDC’s many distinct responsibilities areoutlined below.
Technical Training Program
The BDC oversees the technical training of allpublic safety bomb disposal personnel at theHazardous Devices School (HDS), RedstoneArsenal, Huntsville, Alabama. Since 1981, the FBIhas funded and administered the HDS throughthe BDC when Congress mandated that the FBIwould assume this responsibility. HDS is the onlyschool in the United States that trains and certifiespublic safety officials as bomb disposal technicians.To date, more than 6,450 technicians havegraduated from the Basic course. Two hundredforty-seven (247) of these technicians graduatedin 1998.
The unit also teaches Regional Bomb TechnicianSeminars. The topics covered include theconstruction and use of improvised explosivedevices, techniques for remote neutralization,discussions of research and development, and areview of new technical equipment. This seminaris only available to certified bomb technicians.
In keeping with its mission for bomb techniciansafety and professionalism, the BDC periodicallyhosts a Bomb Squad Commander’s Conference.These conferences are held approximately everyeighteen months and are attended by bomb squadcommanders from across the United States. Topicscovered have included bomb squad managementand safety, domestic and international bombingtrends, and an overview of bomb disposaltechniques.
Information Services Program
The BDC collects and reports bombing informationto public safety agencies, elected officials and otherinterested parties. The graphs and tables containedin the body of this summary reflect the use ofexplosive, incendiary, and hoax devices bycriminals in the United States. In addition to thesetypes of incidents, state and local public safety
The FBI Bomb Data Center (BDC) collects andreports bombing information to public safetyagencies, elected officials and the interested public. The graphs and tables contained in the body ofthis summary reflect the use of explosive andincendiary devices by criminals in the UnitedStates. Statistics show criminals are continuallyusing these devices to facilitate unlawful purposes.This places the public and law enforcementpersonnel at great risk.
The information contained in the charts comesfrom bombing incidents reported in 1998 and itsterritories. Also presented are statistics regardinghoax devices, recoveries of improvised devices,explosives, and military ordnance.
This data is collected and reported in accordancewith the provisions set forth in the Uniform FederalCrime Reporting Act of 1929, as amended. Thisencompasses federal, state, and local public safetyagencies, who make significant contributions toreporting this data to the FBI.
While we attempt to obtain data on all bombingincidents, it is necessary to point out that not everyincident is reported to law enforcement agencies,or in rare instances, those reported to the agenciesmay not come to the attention of the FBI. Specialthanks go to the agencies mentioned above whoseparticipation makes our goal of accurately reportingbombing statistics obtainable.
Actual Bombing: An illegal detonation or ignition of an explosive or incendiary device.
Attempted Bombing: An unsuccessful attempt to illegally detonate or ignite an explosiveor incendiary device. The failure of a device to detonate or ignite results from themalfunction of the device or the disarmament of the device before it functions.
Explosive Bombing: An illegal actual or attempted detonation of a device constructedwith high or low explosive material. For example, high explosive materials are explosivesthat can detonate with a blasting cap such as dynamite. Examples of low explosivematerials are black, smokeless, and flash powders. Low explosives generally burn.
Incendiary Bombing: An illegal ignition or attempted ignition of a device constructedwith flammable materials designed to produce a burning effect. Since incendiary bombingsare often called “fire bombings,” they are often considered arsons. However, the use ofa bona fide device, despite the intent or effects, is considered a bombing. An exampleof an incendiary device is a Molotov cocktail.
Accidental Bombing: A detonation that takes place, usually involving the bomb-maker,without a target, while constructing or placing the device. A device which did not functionat the time and place expected by the bomber.
Explosive and Incendiary Filler Category: An illegal device constructed with bothexplosive and incendiary materials. For example, a device constructed with a stick ofdynamite attached to the outside of a gasoline can.
Glossary of Terms
Federal Bureau of Investigation
Bomb Data Center
54
Mailing Address
Federal Bureau of InvestigationLaboratory DivisionBomb Data Center
J. Edgar Hoover Building Room 1B327, Box 22
935 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, D.C. 20535-0001
E-mail Address
Telephone Number
(202) 324-2696or
(202) FBI-BOMB
Facsimile Number
(202) 324-3784
agencies also report incidents involving therecovery of improvised explosive devices,explosives, and military ordnance.
Another part of the unit's information servicesprogram is the collection, collation, anddissemination of technical information aboutimprovised devices, render safe procedures,explosives research, and bomb technicianequipment. The principal publications throughwhich this is accomplished are as follows:
• Special Technician Bulletins contain technicalinformation intended for HDS certified bombtechnicians. Detailed in this type of publicationare render safe techniques, specialized equipment,unusual improvised explosive devices, andtechnical safety information.
• Investigator Bulletins contain technicalinformation useful to the public safety officertrained to conduct a bombing crime sceneinvestigation. This technical data includesinformation on bomb construction and potentialcrime scene hazards.
• General Information Bulletins delineate theresults of private tests on bomb handling anddetection equipment, general evacuationprocedures, and the elements necessary for goodphysical security.
• Statistical Digests contain charts and graphsreflecting annual bombing incidents that occur inthe United States and its territories, as well asstatistics relating to hoax devices, recoveries ofimprovised devices, explosives, and militaryordnance. This data is collected and reported inaccordance with the provisions set forth in theUniform Federal Crime Reporting Act of 1929, asamended. This encompasses federal, state andlocal public safety agencies, who make significantcontributions to reporting this data to the FBI.
Intelligence Program
A primary goal of law enforcement is to preventa terrorist act before it occurs. The value of anenhanced intelligence base in preventing acts ofterrorism should not be underestimated. For thispurpose, the BDC participates in a variety ofchannels and forums through which informationis shared on a continuing basis within the UnitedStates and with various law enforcement andintelligence agencies around the world.
Foreign Cooperation
The BDC operates as a clearinghouse forinformation on bombing incidents and new rendersafe procedures as reported in the United States
and abroad. Contact is maintained with BombData Centers in several countries. Whencircumstances dictate, the international Bomb DataCenter community can be relied upon forimmediate information and expert ise .
Online Capabilities
The FBI has established the Law EnforcementOnline (LEO) system, a restricted online servicethat provides a secure means of communicationfor law enforcement and public safety personnel.Within the LEO system, the BDC has a site thatprovides bombing related information exclusivelyfor the bomb technician and investigatorcommunities.
Recently, the BDC implemented the AutomatedIncident Reporting System (AIRS) which givesagencies the capability to report incidents involvingexplosive and incendiary bombings, hoax bombs,recoveries of explosives, military ordnance andimprovised explosive devices online through LEO.
General information may also be obtained fromthe FBI’s Home Page website at www.fbi.gov.
Computer Reference Library
The FBI's Laboratory maintains the largest singlecomputer reference library in the world foridentification purposes. The Explosives ReferenceTool (EXPeRT), formerly known as the ExplosivesReference and Search System or EXPRESS, is awindows-based, searchable document databasethat can be used to assist FBI Laboratory examinersin the forensic investigation of bombing incidents.EXPeRT consists of a repository of case reports andtechnical information related to explosives andexplosives related devices. This database combinesFBI Laboratory forensic examination reports withevidentiary photographs to allow a quick andaccurate retrieval of information related to theforensic examination being performed. Theinformation within EXPeRT is organized into fourmajor collections:
• FBI Explosives Unit Reports - laboratoryreports and associated photographic imagespertaining to past and current bombing cases. FBIfield office communications, photographs offorensic evidence, laboratory examination reportsand notes are contained in this collection.
• Manufacturer Data - manufacturer data(textual and photographic) related to explosivesand associated hardware used to build explosivedevices. Data detailing the physical characteristicsof explosives and explosives related items such asinitiators are contained in this collection.
• Underground Publications - open sourceliterature detailing the construction and utilizationof improvised explosives and improvised explosivedevices.
• Research Publications - open sourcepublications related to research in the area ofenergetic materials and related items.EXPeRT inquiries and search requests may bedirected to the Explosives Unit at (202) 324-4341.
Research and Development
Program
The BDC also conducts extensive research anddevelopment for enhanced render safe proceduresand technical equipment for bomb disposalpersonnel. The unit manages a variety of researchprograms involving remote render safe technology,detection of explosives, and neutralizationtechniques for explosive devices.
Operational Support Program
In response to requests for explosives-relatedtechnical support for special events, the unitpossesses two bomb disposal trucks and totalcontainment vessels. Each bomb truck contains
all the necessary render safe equipment to includea bomb disposal robot, bomb protective suits,screening and disruption equipment. This technicalsupport is in keeping with the unit’s philosophyin using remote and safe procedures unless a lifethreatening situation leaves no other alternative.
Conclusion
The BDC’s commitment is one of aiding the bombtechnician and investigator communities throughactive support of major operations. This supportincludes enhanced training for bomb techniciansand investigators, continued development ofdisrupter technology and development of newtools and techniques in render safe procedures. Inaddition, the unit provides equipment andpersonnel support to supplement state and locallaw enforcement in time of increased demand andreduced budgets.
The BDC is dedicated to providing the highestpossible level of service and support to federal,state, and local law enforcement agencies in thefield of bombing investigations. If you would likeadditional information about the BDC, its programsor publications, please contact us at:
54
Mailing Address
Federal Bureau of InvestigationLaboratory DivisionBomb Data Center
J. Edgar Hoover Building Room 1B327, Box 22
935 Pennsylvania Avenue, NWWashington, D.C. 20535-0001
E-mail Address
Telephone Number
(202) 324-2696or
(202) FBI-BOMB
Facsimile Number
(202) 324-3784
agencies also report incidents involving therecovery of improvised explosive devices,explosives, and military ordnance.
Another part of the unit's information servicesprogram is the collection, collation, anddissemination of technical information aboutimprovised devices, render safe procedures,explosives research, and bomb technicianequipment. The principal publications throughwhich this is accomplished are as follows:
• Special Technician Bulletins contain technicalinformation intended for HDS certified bombtechnicians. Detailed in this type of publicationare render safe techniques, specialized equipment,unusual improvised explosive devices, andtechnical safety information.
• Investigator Bulletins contain technicalinformation useful to the public safety officertrained to conduct a bombing crime sceneinvestigation. This technical data includesinformation on bomb construction and potentialcrime scene hazards.
• General Information Bulletins delineate theresults of private tests on bomb handling anddetection equipment, general evacuationprocedures, and the elements necessary for goodphysical security.
• Statistical Digests contain charts and graphsreflecting annual bombing incidents that occur inthe United States and its territories, as well asstatistics relating to hoax devices, recoveries ofimprovised devices, explosives, and militaryordnance. This data is collected and reported inaccordance with the provisions set forth in theUniform Federal Crime Reporting Act of 1929, asamended. This encompasses federal, state andlocal public safety agencies, who make significantcontributions to reporting this data to the FBI.
Intelligence Program
A primary goal of law enforcement is to preventa terrorist act before it occurs. The value of anenhanced intelligence base in preventing acts ofterrorism should not be underestimated. For thispurpose, the BDC participates in a variety ofchannels and forums through which informationis shared on a continuing basis within the UnitedStates and with various law enforcement andintelligence agencies around the world.
Foreign Cooperation
The BDC operates as a clearinghouse forinformation on bombing incidents and new rendersafe procedures as reported in the United States
and abroad. Contact is maintained with BombData Centers in several countries. Whencircumstances dictate, the international Bomb DataCenter community can be relied upon forimmediate information and expert ise .
Online Capabilities
The FBI has established the Law EnforcementOnline (LEO) system, a restricted online servicethat provides a secure means of communicationfor law enforcement and public safety personnel.Within the LEO system, the BDC has a site thatprovides bombing related information exclusivelyfor the bomb technician and investigatorcommunities.
Recently, the BDC implemented the AutomatedIncident Reporting System (AIRS) which givesagencies the capability to report incidents involvingexplosive and incendiary bombings, hoax bombs,recoveries of explosives, military ordnance andimprovised explosive devices online through LEO.
General information may also be obtained fromthe FBI’s Home Page website at www.fbi.gov.
Computer Reference Library
The FBI's Laboratory maintains the largest singlecomputer reference library in the world foridentification purposes. The Explosives ReferenceTool (EXPeRT), formerly known as the ExplosivesReference and Search System or EXPRESS, is awindows-based, searchable document databasethat can be used to assist FBI Laboratory examinersin the forensic investigation of bombing incidents.EXPeRT consists of a repository of case reports andtechnical information related to explosives andexplosives related devices. This database combinesFBI Laboratory forensic examination reports withevidentiary photographs to allow a quick andaccurate retrieval of information related to theforensic examination being performed. Theinformation within EXPeRT is organized into fourmajor collections:
• FBI Explosives Unit Reports - laboratoryreports and associated photographic imagespertaining to past and current bombing cases. FBIfield office communications, photographs offorensic evidence, laboratory examination reportsand notes are contained in this collection.
• Manufacturer Data - manufacturer data(textual and photographic) related to explosivesand associated hardware used to build explosivedevices. Data detailing the physical characteristicsof explosives and explosives related items such asinitiators are contained in this collection.
• Underground Publications - open sourceliterature detailing the construction and utilizationof improvised explosives and improvised explosivedevices.
• Research Publications - open sourcepublications related to research in the area ofenergetic materials and related items.EXPeRT inquiries and search requests may bedirected to the Explosives Unit at (202) 324-4341.
Research and Development
Program
The BDC also conducts extensive research anddevelopment for enhanced render safe proceduresand technical equipment for bomb disposalpersonnel. The unit manages a variety of researchprograms involving remote render safe technology,detection of explosives, and neutralizationtechniques for explosive devices.
Operational Support Program
In response to requests for explosives-relatedtechnical support for special events, the unitpossesses two bomb disposal trucks and totalcontainment vessels. Each bomb truck contains
all the necessary render safe equipment to includea bomb disposal robot, bomb protective suits,screening and disruption equipment. This technicalsupport is in keeping with the unit’s philosophyin using remote and safe procedures unless a lifethreatening situation leaves no other alternative.
Conclusion
The BDC’s commitment is one of aiding the bombtechnician and investigator communities throughactive support of major operations. This supportincludes enhanced training for bomb techniciansand investigators, continued development ofdisrupter technology and development of newtools and techniques in render safe procedures. Inaddition, the unit provides equipment andpersonnel support to supplement state and locallaw enforcement in time of increased demand andreduced budgets.
The BDC is dedicated to providing the highestpossible level of service and support to federal,state, and local law enforcement agencies in thefield of bombing investigations. If you would likeadditional information about the BDC, its programsor publications, please contact us at:
Bombing Incidents By Year
6
Comments
7
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98
Explosive &Incendiary
IncendiaryExplosive
Recoveries of Improvised Devices
January 132 33 5February 89 32 6March 143 43 4April 133 50 5May 136 52 3June 224 47 8July 362 35 10August 138 43 6September 98 28 2October 111 43 6November 102 28 6December 114 21 2
Explosive Incendiary Explosive/Incendiary
Incidents by Month
1994 1,0091995 8511996 7301997 9391998 869
Year Number of Incidents
Two thousand three hundred (2,300) bombing incidentswere reported to the Bomb Data Center (BDC) in 1998.That is a 4% increase over the previous year’s reportedbombings (2,217).The use of explosives in bombings accounted for 77%of the incidents, 20% of the incidents were incendiary,and the remaining 3% of the incidents were bothexplosive and incendiary in nature.
Actual and Attempted Bombings
In 71% of the bombing incidents, the devices were“successful,” defined as either detonating or igniting,and 29% were “unsuccessful.” Explosive devicesdetonated as planned 72% of the time and incendiarydevices ignited 71% of the time.
Location
Of the 2,300 bombing incidents for 1998, 1,040 (45%)occurred in the Western states. Five hundred and fifty-four (24%) occurred in the Southern states, whichincludes Washington, D.C. and Puerto Rico and 531(23%) in the North Central States. The Eastern statesendured 8% of the bombings (175).
Time
Of the 2,300 bombing incidents, most of the attacks,64%, were perpetrated between six in the evening andsix in the morning. The remaining 36% of the bombingswere evenly distributed between the late morning andafternoon hours.The time between six p.m. and six a.m. was popularfor residential bombings as 64% of the incidents againstprivate property occurred during this time. Seventy-three percent of the vehicular bombings and 60% ofthe businesses were bombed during the evening andearly morning hours.Sixty percent of the bombings targeting educationalfacilities occurred during the early morning anddaytime hours.
Injuries and Deaths
Casualties from bombings numbered sixteen (16) in1998 versus eighteen (18) in 1997. Bombs also injuredfewer people in 1998, 160 injuries versus 204 in 1997.
Property Damage
We calculated damage to properties in 1998 at 6 milliondollars. That is a decrease from the 9 million inmonetary damage reported for 1997.
Recoveries of Devices
To be tabulated as a recovery, the device must havebeen without a target. Examples of this are devices
Hoaxes
Six hundred and twenty-nine (629) incidents involvedhoax devices in 1998. This is a decrease of 25% versus1997 (838 hoax incidents). For our purposes, asuspicious package such as unclaimed luggage in anairport, or an accidentally forgotten briefcase was nottabulated as a hoax. This is because there was notarget or intention for mischief associated with theforgotten items.
Categories (New)
In 1998, we began capturing Theft of Explosives andLost/Missing Explosives. Agencies were requestedto report incidents involving theft or loss ofcommercial and military explosives. There were 7thefts of explosives and 5 lost/missing explosivesreported.
seized during routine traffic stops or while executinga search warrant. There were 869 incidents involvinga recovery of an improvised explosive or incendiarydevice. This is a 7% decrease from 1997, in which 939recoveries were reported. Additionally, there were1,116 incidents associated with military ordnance.Oftentimes, these items were found to be war souvenirs.
Explosive 593 641 931 1551 1911 1880 1916 1562 1457 1212 1225
Incendiary 156 203 267 423 582 538 545 406 427 378 307
Explosive andIncendiary
- - - - - - - - - - 32
Explosive 161 243 254 395 384 375 522 417 504 473 488
Incendiary 40 91 130 130 112 187 180 192 185 154 142
Explosive andIncendiary
- - - - - - - - - - 29
Explosive - - - - - - - - - - 69
Incendiary - - - - - - - - - - 6
Explosive andIncendiary
- - - - - - - - - - 2
a Includes 27 incidents involving combinationdevices.
b Includes 30 incidents involving combinationdevices.
c The 1993 damage figure includes $510million damage to the World Trade Center,New York, by a bomb on February 26, 1993. The persons injured figure for 1993 includesthe 1,042 people injured in the samebombing.
d The 1995 damage figure includes $100million damage to the Murrah FederalBuilding, Oklahoma, by a bomb on April 19,1995. Both the persons injured and thedeath figures for 1995 include the 518 peopleinjured and 168 people killed in the samebombing.
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Accidental (New Category)
Attempted
Actual
PropertyDamage ($M)
2 5 10 6 13 518c 7 105d 5 9 6
Persons Injured 145 202 222 230 349 1323c 308 744d 336 204 160
Deaths 20 11 27 29 26 49 31 193d 23 18 16
Total 977a 1208b 1582 2499 2989 2980 3163 2577 2573 2217 2300
Bombing Incidents By Year
6
Comments
7
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98
Explosive &Incendiary
IncendiaryExplosive
Recoveries of Improvised Devices
January 132 33 5February 89 32 6March 143 43 4April 133 50 5May 136 52 3June 224 47 8July 362 35 10August 138 43 6September 98 28 2October 111 43 6November 102 28 6December 114 21 2
Explosive Incendiary Explosive/Incendiary
Incidents by Month
1994 1,0091995 8511996 7301997 9391998 869
Year Number of Incidents
Two thousand three hundred (2,300) bombing incidentswere reported to the Bomb Data Center (BDC) in 1998.That is a 4% increase over the previous year’s reportedbombings (2,217).The use of explosives in bombings accounted for 77%of the incidents, 20% of the incidents were incendiary,and the remaining 3% of the incidents were bothexplosive and incendiary in nature.
Actual and Attempted Bombings
In 71% of the bombing incidents, the devices were“successful,” defined as either detonating or igniting,and 29% were “unsuccessful.” Explosive devicesdetonated as planned 72% of the time and incendiarydevices ignited 71% of the time.
Location
Of the 2,300 bombing incidents for 1998, 1,040 (45%)occurred in the Western states. Five hundred and fifty-four (24%) occurred in the Southern states, whichincludes Washington, D.C. and Puerto Rico and 531(23%) in the North Central States. The Eastern statesendured 8% of the bombings (175).
Time
Of the 2,300 bombing incidents, most of the attacks,64%, were perpetrated between six in the evening andsix in the morning. The remaining 36% of the bombingswere evenly distributed between the late morning andafternoon hours.The time between six p.m. and six a.m. was popularfor residential bombings as 64% of the incidents againstprivate property occurred during this time. Seventy-three percent of the vehicular bombings and 60% ofthe businesses were bombed during the evening andearly morning hours.Sixty percent of the bombings targeting educationalfacilities occurred during the early morning anddaytime hours.
Injuries and Deaths
Casualties from bombings numbered sixteen (16) in1998 versus eighteen (18) in 1997. Bombs also injuredfewer people in 1998, 160 injuries versus 204 in 1997.
Property Damage
We calculated damage to properties in 1998 at 6 milliondollars. That is a decrease from the 9 million inmonetary damage reported for 1997.
Recoveries of Devices
To be tabulated as a recovery, the device must havebeen without a target. Examples of this are devices
Hoaxes
Six hundred and twenty-nine (629) incidents involvedhoax devices in 1998. This is a decrease of 25% versus1997 (838 hoax incidents). For our purposes, asuspicious package such as unclaimed luggage in anairport, or an accidentally forgotten briefcase was nottabulated as a hoax. This is because there was notarget or intention for mischief associated with theforgotten items.
Categories (New)
In 1998, we began capturing Theft of Explosives andLost/Missing Explosives. Agencies were requestedto report incidents involving theft or loss ofcommercial and military explosives. There were 7thefts of explosives and 5 lost/missing explosivesreported.
seized during routine traffic stops or while executinga search warrant. There were 869 incidents involvinga recovery of an improvised explosive or incendiarydevice. This is a 7% decrease from 1997, in which 939recoveries were reported. Additionally, there were1,116 incidents associated with military ordnance.Oftentimes, these items were found to be war souvenirs.
Explosive 593 641 931 1551 1911 1880 1916 1562 1457 1212 1225
Incendiary 156 203 267 423 582 538 545 406 427 378 307
Explosive andIncendiary
- - - - - - - - - - 32
Explosive 161 243 254 395 384 375 522 417 504 473 488
Incendiary 40 91 130 130 112 187 180 192 185 154 142
Explosive andIncendiary
- - - - - - - - - - 29
Explosive - - - - - - - - - - 69
Incendiary - - - - - - - - - - 6
Explosive andIncendiary
- - - - - - - - - - 2
a Includes 27 incidents involving combinationdevices.
b Includes 30 incidents involving combinationdevices.
c The 1993 damage figure includes $510million damage to the World Trade Center,New York, by a bomb on February 26, 1993. The persons injured figure for 1993 includesthe 1,042 people injured in the samebombing.
d The 1995 damage figure includes $100million damage to the Murrah FederalBuilding, Oklahoma, by a bomb on April 19,1995. Both the persons injured and thedeath figures for 1995 include the 518 peopleinjured and 168 people killed in the samebombing.
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
Accidental (New Category)
Attempted
Actual
PropertyDamage ($M)
2 5 10 6 13 518c 7 105d 5 9 6
Persons Injured 145 202 222 230 349 1323c 308 744d 336 204 160
Deaths 20 11 27 29 26 49 31 193d 23 18 16
Total 977a 1208b 1582 2499 2989 2980 3163 2577 2573 2217 2300
978 797 927 287 1023 858 830 269 1023 904 944 292 876 765 730 206 976 747 640 210 810 622 554 231 1040 554 531 175
1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998
1200
1100
1000
900
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0361 388 316 143 881 656 664 298555 409 433 185368 262 215 132
Incidents By Region
8 9
Western
Southern
North Central
Eastern
Top 10 StatesTotal Incidents
California 392Washington 308Florida 219Illinois 155Arizona 111Ohio 85Michigan 65Utah 62Oregon 60Minnesota 58
392
60
3
1
6251
111
31
6
308
8
Incidents By State South
West
Puerto Rico - 27
Virgin Islands - 0
10 11
Alaska - 5
Hawaii - 2
Guam - 0
Grand Total 1,040
Grand Total 554
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental
Explosives Explosive andIncendiary
Incendiaries
Alabama 13 7 2 0 2 0 0 1 0Arkansas 0 2 0 3 2 0 0 0 0Delaware 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0District of ColumbiaFlorida 123 40 3 35 15 1 2 0 0Georgia 1 6 0 0 3 0 0 0 0Kentucky 2 3 0 1 2 0 0 0 0Louisiana 2 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0Maryland 23 8 0 8 5 0 2 1 0Mississippi 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0North Carolina 6 5 1 1 3 0 1 1 0Oklahoma 9 6 0 2 0 0 0 1 0South Carolina 9 6 1 3 1 0 0 0 0Tennessee 21 8 2 9 5 0 0 4 0Texas 27 15 0 10 1 0 1 0 0Virginia 19 11 1 2 3 0 0 0 0West Virginia 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Puerto Rico 11 6 0 9 1 0 0 0 0Virgin Islands 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Totals 274 127 10 85 43 1 6 8 0
257
1
219
54
10
8
5
47
4
18
18 2049
366
0Alaska 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Arizona 76 16 5 8 6 0 0 0 0California 181 97 15 64 23 0 8 3 1Colorado 20 6 1 21 2 0 0 1 0Hawaii 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0Idaho 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Montana 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0New Mexico 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0Nevada 12 8 2 3 5 0 1 0 0Oregon 16 37 2 0 1 1 1 2 0Utah 52 6 1 2 0 0 0 1 0Washington 252 26 6 10 11 0 0 3 0Wyoming 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Guam 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Totals 624 203 33 108 49 1 11 10 1
Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental
Explosives Explosive andIncendiary
Incendiaries
392
60
3
1
6251
111
31
6
308
8
Incidents By State South
West
Puerto Rico - 27
Virgin Islands - 0
10 11
Alaska - 5
Hawaii - 2
Guam - 0
Grand Total 1,040
Grand Total 554
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental
Explosives Explosive andIncendiary
Incendiaries
Alabama 13 7 2 0 2 0 0 1 0Arkansas 0 2 0 3 2 0 0 0 0Delaware 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0District of ColumbiaFlorida 123 40 3 35 15 1 2 0 0Georgia 1 6 0 0 3 0 0 0 0Kentucky 2 3 0 1 2 0 0 0 0Louisiana 2 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0Maryland 23 8 0 8 5 0 2 1 0Mississippi 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0North Carolina 6 5 1 1 3 0 1 1 0Oklahoma 9 6 0 2 0 0 0 1 0South Carolina 9 6 1 3 1 0 0 0 0Tennessee 21 8 2 9 5 0 0 4 0Texas 27 15 0 10 1 0 1 0 0Virginia 19 11 1 2 3 0 0 0 0West Virginia 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Puerto Rico 11 6 0 9 1 0 0 0 0Virgin Islands 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Totals 274 127 10 85 43 1 6 8 0
257
1
219
54
10
8
5
47
4
18
18 2049
366
0Alaska 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Arizona 76 16 5 8 6 0 0 0 0California 181 97 15 64 23 0 8 3 1Colorado 20 6 1 21 2 0 0 1 0Hawaii 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0Idaho 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Montana 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0New Mexico 7 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0Nevada 12 8 2 3 5 0 1 0 0Oregon 16 37 2 0 1 1 1 2 0Utah 52 6 1 2 0 0 0 1 0Washington 252 26 6 10 11 0 0 3 0Wyoming 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Guam 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Totals 624 203 33 108 49 1 11 10 1
Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental
Explosives Explosive andIncendiary
Incendiaries
North Central
EastIncidents By State
12 13
Grand Total 531
Grand Total 175
155 32
49
17
58
39
3
1
4
85
2365
2
49 6
37
13
35
41
19
Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental
Explosives Explosive andIncendiary
Incendiaries
Connecticut 6 2 1 0 1 1 0 2 0Maine 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Massachusetts 5 7 0 4 2 0 0 1 0New Hampshire 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0New Jersey 20 8 1 5 4 0 2 1 0New York 16 11 10 5 3 2 0 2 0Pennsylvania 23 5 2 1 3 0 2 1 0Rhode Island 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 0Vermont 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Totals 75 39 15 15 14 4 5 8 0
Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental
Explosives Explosive and
IncendiaryIncendiaries
Illinois 73 22 2 38 15 0 4 0 1Indiana 18 9 1 4 0 0 0 0 0Iowa 35 11 0 1 2 0 0 0 0Kansas 6 6 0 2 3 0 0 0 0Michigan 30 26 0 3 4 0 2 0 0Minnesota 27 11 1 12 6 0 1 0 0Missouri 22 9 1 3 2 0 1 1 0Nebraska 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0North Dakota 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0Ohio 24 17 4 34 3 0 1 2 0South Dakota 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Wisconsin 15 4 2 1 1 0 0 0 0
Totals 252 119 11 99 36 0 10 3 1
North Central
EastIncidents By State
12 13
Grand Total 531
Grand Total 175
155 32
49
17
58
39
3
1
4
85
2365
2
49 6
37
13
35
41
19
Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental
Explosives Explosive andIncendiary
Incendiaries
Connecticut 6 2 1 0 1 1 0 2 0Maine 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Massachusetts 5 7 0 4 2 0 0 1 0New Hampshire 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0New Jersey 20 8 1 5 4 0 2 1 0New York 16 11 10 5 3 2 0 2 0Pennsylvania 23 5 2 1 3 0 2 1 0Rhode Island 1 2 1 0 1 1 0 0 0Vermont 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Totals 75 39 15 15 14 4 5 8 0
Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental Actual Attempt Accidental
Explosives Explosive and
IncendiaryIncendiaries
Illinois 73 22 2 38 15 0 4 0 1Indiana 18 9 1 4 0 0 0 0 0Iowa 35 11 0 1 2 0 0 0 0Kansas 6 6 0 2 3 0 0 0 0Michigan 30 26 0 3 4 0 2 0 0Minnesota 27 11 1 12 6 0 1 0 0Missouri 22 9 1 3 2 0 1 1 0Nebraska 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0North Dakota 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0Ohio 24 17 4 34 3 0 1 2 0South Dakota 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Wisconsin 15 4 2 1 1 0 0 0 0
Totals 252 119 11 99 36 0 10 3 1
14 15
C-4BlackPowder
Smoke-less
Powder
MatchHeads
Pyro-technicMixture
ImprovisedMixture Unknown Dynamite Emulsion ANFO
Slurry/WaterGel
DetonatingCord Booster Detasheet Other Unknown TNT Improvised Gasoline Propane Butane Improvised Other UnknownPyro-
technic
High Explosive Incendiary
Pipe 321 170 15 53 24 284 1 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 6 4 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1CO2 Cartridge 109 54 1 9 22 47 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Tube 103 46 4 4022 52 269 7 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 0 1 0 10 1Bottle 28 17 7 36 825 38 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 1 433 1 0 2 21 31 20Box 0 4 1 5 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 0Bag 1 1 0 3 1 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 1 3 0Can 10 8 2 11 10 6 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 1 0 1 4 5 1Vehicle 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 1Grenade 12 17 1 3 1 63 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 5 0 0 0 6 1Envelope 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0Other 32 36 16 258 12 110 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 7 16 3 2 7 2 2Unknown 12 5 2 78 19 338 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 3 0 0 0 6 1 0 0 0 3 21Totals 630 358 49 4478 967 1165 9 1 7 0 0 5 0 0 20 4 2 2 461 54 3 6 35 63 48
Low ExplosiveTOTALS
885242
45451465
2018696
1114
510492
8367
Pipe 8 5 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 1 1 1 0CO2 Cartridge 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Tube 1 1 0 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 4 0Bottle 2 7 2 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 1 2 2 0Box 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0Bag 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0Can 1 1 1 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 2 3 0 4 1Vehicle 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0Grenade 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Envelope 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Other 3 1 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 3 2 0 6 0Unknown 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2Totals 16 17 5 24 0 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29 2 5 9 3 17 3
ExplosiveIncendiaryExplosive & Incendiary Combined
Totals reflect improvised devices used in bombings(actual, attempts, and accidental) and devicesthat were recovered, for example, in a search ofa residence.
Improvised Devices
260
223142
24200
196
136
Explosive and Incendiary Combined
Incidents by Target
16 17Includes both explosive and incendiary incidents
Incidents by Time of Occurrence
Residential Properties
Private Residences 236 149 7 $320,120Mailboxes 480 17 5 33,894
Commercial Properties
Commercial Business 56 15 - 155,575Restaurants 7 7 - 2,655,800Office Buildings 3 - - 2,500Hotels - 2 - 5,000Airports 1 - - -Airplanes - - - -
Financial Institutions
Banks 4 2 - 2,500Safes - - - -ATMs - 1 - 10,000Night Deposits - - - -
Vehicles
Automobiles, Other Vehicles 102 57 4 213,353
Federal Government Properties
Federal Government Facilities 1 1 - 1,500,500Military Facilities 1 - - -
Utilities
Electrical, Water, Gas, Sewer 9 3 1 2,410
Medical Facilities
Hospitals 3 - - -Abortion Clinics 1 - - -
Other Targets
Local/State Government Facilities 8 3 2 316,500Judicial Facilities - - - -Police Facilities 2 - 1 800Educational Facilities 76 5 2 28,540Church 8 2 1 53,500Person 40 11 2 42,925Other 144 25 4 53,890Unknown 43 7 3 35,375Accidental Explosion/No Target 69 6 2 213,950
Totals 1294 313 34 $5,647,132
Residential Properties
Private Residences 173 68 136 190Mailboxes 173 82 103 233
Commercial Properties
Commercial Business 28 23 23 42Restaurants 12 3 2 3Office Buildings 1 1 - 2Hotels - 1 - 2Airports - - - 2Airplanes - - - -
Financial Institutions
Banks 1 3 3 2Safes - - - -Atms - - - 1Night Deposits - - - -
Vehicles
Automobiles, Other Vehicles 96 32 28 66
Federal Government Properties
Federal Government Facilities 1 2 - 1Military Facilities - - 1 -
Utilities
Electrical, Water, Gas, Sewer 4 6 4 4
Medical Facilities
Hospitals 3 3 - 1Abortion Clinics - 2 - -
Other Targets
Local/State Government Facilities 3 6 9 9Judicial Facilities 1 - 1 -Police Facilities 4 - 1 3Educational Facilities 25 34 40 25Church 3 2 3 6Person 18 31 34 34Other 57 58 62 88Unknown 7 28 36 28Accidental Explosions/No Target 12 11 26 28
Totals 622 396 512 770
12:01am
to
6:00 am
6:01am
to
Noon
12:01pm
to
6:00 pm
6:01pm
to
Midnight
Property
DamageExplosive Incendiary
Explosive
and
Incendiary
Incidents by Target
16 17Includes both explosive and incendiary incidents
Incidents by Time of Occurrence
Residential Properties
Private Residences 236 149 7 $320,120Mailboxes 480 17 5 33,894
Commercial Properties
Commercial Business 56 15 - 155,575Restaurants 7 7 - 2,655,800Office Buildings 3 - - 2,500Hotels - 2 - 5,000Airports 1 - - -Airplanes - - - -
Financial Institutions
Banks 4 2 - 2,500Safes - - - -ATMs - 1 - 10,000Night Deposits - - - -
Vehicles
Automobiles, Other Vehicles 102 57 4 213,353
Federal Government Properties
Federal Government Facilities 1 1 - 1,500,500Military Facilities 1 - - -
Utilities
Electrical, Water, Gas, Sewer 9 3 1 2,410
Medical Facilities
Hospitals 3 - - -Abortion Clinics 1 - - -
Other Targets
Local/State Government Facilities 8 3 2 316,500Judicial Facilities - - - -Police Facilities 2 - 1 800Educational Facilities 76 5 2 28,540Church 8 2 1 53,500Person 40 11 2 42,925Other 144 25 4 53,890Unknown 43 7 3 35,375Accidental Explosion/No Target 69 6 2 213,950
Totals 1294 313 34 $5,647,132
Residential Properties
Private Residences 173 68 136 190Mailboxes 173 82 103 233
Commercial Properties
Commercial Business 28 23 23 42Restaurants 12 3 2 3Office Buildings 1 1 - 2Hotels - 1 - 2Airports - - - 2Airplanes - - - -
Financial Institutions
Banks 1 3 3 2Safes - - - -Atms - - - 1Night Deposits - - - -
Vehicles
Automobiles, Other Vehicles 96 32 28 66
Federal Government Properties
Federal Government Facilities 1 2 - 1Military Facilities - - 1 -
Utilities
Electrical, Water, Gas, Sewer 4 6 4 4
Medical Facilities
Hospitals 3 3 - 1Abortion Clinics - 2 - -
Other Targets
Local/State Government Facilities 3 6 9 9Judicial Facilities 1 - 1 -Police Facilities 4 - 1 3Educational Facilities 25 34 40 25Church 3 2 3 6Person 18 31 34 34Other 57 58 62 88Unknown 7 28 36 28Accidental Explosions/No Target 12 11 26 28
Totals 622 396 512 770
12:01am
to
6:00 am
6:01am
to
Noon
12:01pm
to
6:00 pm
6:01pm
to
Midnight
Property
DamageExplosive Incendiary
Explosive
and
Incendiary
Fuzing Filler Material in Bottles
18 19
Black and Smokeless Powder 45 3.1
Matchheads and Pyrotechnic 43 2.9
Improvised Mixtures 825 56.3
Unknown 38 2.6
Number of
Devices %Low
Gasoline 433 29.6
Pyrotechnic, Butane, 55 3.8Improvised, Other
Unknown 20 1.4
Number of
Devices %Incendiary
ANFO, Improvised and Other 6 0.4
High Explosive
Number of
Devices %
Explosive/Incendiary
Explosive/IncendiaryCombined
Initiation
Electrical 154 16Non-Electrical 7779 51Unknown 434 1Total 8367 68
Functioning Methods
Time Delay 7490 60Command Wire 16 0Radio Control 2 0Impact 355 2Pressure 3 1Pressure Release 7 1Pulling 17 0Pushing 2 0Other 9 0Unknown 466 4Total 8367 68
Initiators
Electric Detonators 65 5Non-Electric Detonators (Shock Tube) 10 0Non-Electric Detonators (Safety Fuse) 431 10Other, Commercial 3766 5Improvised 1715 21Unknown 961 6Hobby Fuse 1419 21Total 8367 68
Improvised Explosive and Incendiary Devices
Totals reflect improvised explosive and incendiary devices used in bombings (actual, attempts andaccidental) and devices that were recovered, for example, in a search of a residence.
Glass
and
Plastic
Bottles
Accounted
for 20%
of all
Improvised
Explosive
Devices
Totals reflect all improvised devices used in bombings (actual, attempts and accidental) and devicesthat were recovered, for example, in a search of a residence.
Number of
DevicesContainers
Pipe (Metal, Plastic) 885 11CO2 Cartridge 242 3Tube (Cardboard, Paper) 4545 53Bottle (Glass, Plastic) 1465 18Box, Bag, Can, Vehicle, Grenade, Envelope 228 3Other 510 6Unknown 492 6Total 8367
%
Fuzing Filler Material in Bottles
18 19
Black and Smokeless Powder 45 3.1
Matchheads and Pyrotechnic 43 2.9
Improvised Mixtures 825 56.3
Unknown 38 2.6
Number of
Devices %Low
Gasoline 433 29.6
Pyrotechnic, Butane, 55 3.8Improvised, Other
Unknown 20 1.4
Number of
Devices %Incendiary
ANFO, Improvised and Other 6 0.4
High Explosive
Number of
Devices %
Explosive/Incendiary
Explosive/IncendiaryCombined
Initiation
Electrical 154 16Non-Electrical 7779 51Unknown 434 1Total 8367 68
Functioning Methods
Time Delay 7490 60Command Wire 16 0Radio Control 2 0Impact 355 2Pressure 3 1Pressure Release 7 1Pulling 17 0Pushing 2 0Other 9 0Unknown 466 4Total 8367 68
Initiators
Electric Detonators 65 5Non-Electric Detonators (Shock Tube) 10 0Non-Electric Detonators (Safety Fuse) 431 10Other, Commercial 3766 5Improvised 1715 21Unknown 961 6Hobby Fuse 1419 21Total 8367 68
Improvised Explosive and Incendiary Devices
Totals reflect improvised explosive and incendiary devices used in bombings (actual, attempts andaccidental) and devices that were recovered, for example, in a search of a residence.
Glass
and
Plastic
Bottles
Accounted
for 20%
of all
Improvised
Explosive
Devices
Totals reflect all improvised devices used in bombings (actual, attempts and accidental) and devicesthat were recovered, for example, in a search of a residence.
Number of
DevicesContainers
Pipe (Metal, Plastic) 885 11CO2 Cartridge 242 3Tube (Cardboard, Paper) 4545 53Bottle (Glass, Plastic) 1465 18Box, Bag, Can, Vehicle, Grenade, Envelope 228 3Other 510 6Unknown 492 6Total 8367
%
Injuries and Deaths State DeathsInjuries
Deaths
Injuries
20 21
Alaska - -Alabama 4 2Arkansas - -Arizona 8 2California 27 4Colorado 1 -Connnecticut 1 -District of Columbia - -Delaware - -Florida 5 -Georgia - -Hawaii 4 -Iowa 1 -Idaho - -Illinois 38 2Indiana 3 1Kansas 1 -Kentucky - -Lousiana - -Massachusetts - -Maryland 2 1Maine - -Michigan - -Minnesota 1 -Missouri 2 -Mississippi - -Montana 1 -North Carolina 1 -North Dakota - -Nebraska - -New Hampshire - -New Jersey 2 -New Mexico - -Nevada 4 -New York 18 -Ohio 3 -Oklahoma - -Oregon 2 2Pennsylvania 5 -Rhode Island 2 -South Carolina 1 -South Dakota - -Tennessee 6 -Texas - -Utah 2 -Virginia 2 1Vermont 1 1Washington 7 -Wisconson 3 -West Virginia - -Wyoming - -Mariana Island - -Puerto Rico 2 -Total 160 16
Alaska
Hawaii
Puerto Rico
MarianaIslands
22 23
Incidents Involving Hoax Devices
77Other
Total
Number
of
Incidents
629
2Airports
4Military Facilities
5Hotels
5Abortion Clinics
6Judicial Facilities
6Federal GovernmentFacilities
6Police Facilities
7Utilities (electrical, water, gas, sewage)
8Hospitals
8Churches
10Restaurants
12Mailboxes
15Government Facilities(city, county, state)
18Office Buildings
35Vehicles
47Unknown
51Person
107Commercial Business
71Private Residences
66Banks
Educational Facilities 63
Young Offenders 85Organized Crime 0Gangs 6Bikers 6Family 20Terrorist Groups 7Drugs/Narcotics 25Other 98Unknown 382
People Involved In Hoax
Device Incidents
Personal Animosity 29Monetary Gain/Extortion 61Intimidation 54Vandalism 9Publicity 8Revenge 22Sabotage/Subversion 3Protest 10Terrorism 9Suicide 4Racism 1Experimentation 18Other 64Unknown 337
Motivations in Hoax
Device Incidents
ApparentInvolvement Total
ApparentMotive Total
24 25
Bombing And Accidental Incidents Available From Bomb Center
What should you do?
For a BombEvacuate ImmediatelyCall 911 (Police)Contact local FBI
Limit Exposure - Don’t HandleDistance (Evacuate area)Shield yourself from objectCall 911 (Police)Contact local FBI
For RadiologicalIsolate - Don’t HandleCall 911 (Police)Wash your hands with soap and warm waterContact local FBI
For Biological or Chemical
Handle with careDon’t shake or bump
No Return Address
Strange Odor
PossiblyMailed from aForeign Country
Excessive Postage
Misspelled Words
Addressed to Title Onlyor Incorrect Title
Excessive Tape or String
Badly typed or written
Oily Stains,Discolorations,or Crystalization on Wrapper
Protruding Wires
Lopsided or Uneven
Wrong Title with Name
Restrictive Markings
Isolate and lookfor indicators
Treat it as Suspect!Call 911
Rigid or Bulky
4
Don’t Open, Smellor Taste
If parcel is open and/or a threat is identified. . .
FBIAdvisoryIf you receive a suspicious
letter or package
3
2
1
(Ask for the Duty Agent, Special Agent Bomb Technician, or Weapons of Mass Destruction Coordinator)
GENERAL INFORMATION BULLETIN 2000-3Produced by: Bomb Data Center
Weapons of Mass Destruction Operations Unit
Police DepartmentFire DepartmentLocal FBI Office
ApparentInvolvement Total
ApparentMotive Total
People Involved In Bombing and
Accidental Incidents
Motivations In Bombing and
Accidental Incidents
Young Offenders 846Organized Crime 2Gangs 55Family 61Terrorist Groups 5Drugs/Narcotics 29Bikers 5Other 113Unknown 1184
Personal Animosity 146Monetary Gain/Extortion 16Intimidation 88Vandalism 943Publicity 5Revenge 76Sabotage/Subversion 5Protest 8Terrorism 26Suicide 12Racism 2Experimentation 207Other 14Unknown 752
24 25
Bombing And Accidental Incidents Available From Bomb Center
What should you do?
For a BombEvacuate ImmediatelyCall 911 (Police)Contact local FBI
Limit Exposure - Don’t HandleDistance (Evacuate area)Shield yourself from objectCall 911 (Police)Contact local FBI
For RadiologicalIsolate - Don’t HandleCall 911 (Police)Wash your hands with soap and warm waterContact local FBI
For Biological or Chemical
Handle with careDon’t shake or bump
No Return Address
Strange Odor
PossiblyMailed from aForeign Country
Excessive Postage
Misspelled Words
Addressed to Title Onlyor Incorrect Title
Excessive Tape or String
Badly typed or written
Oily Stains,Discolorations,or Crystalization on Wrapper
Protruding Wires
Lopsided or Uneven
Wrong Title with Name
Restrictive Markings
Isolate and lookfor indicators
Treat it as Suspect!Call 911
Rigid or Bulky
4
Don’t Open, Smellor Taste
If parcel is open and/or a threat is identified. . .
FBIAdvisoryIf you receive a suspicious
letter or package
3
2
1
(Ask for the Duty Agent, Special Agent Bomb Technician, or Weapons of Mass Destruction Coordinator)
GENERAL INFORMATION BULLETIN 2000-3Produced by: Bomb Data Center
Weapons of Mass Destruction Operations Unit
Police DepartmentFire DepartmentLocal FBI Office
ApparentInvolvement Total
ApparentMotive Total
People Involved In Bombing and
Accidental Incidents
Motivations In Bombing and
Accidental Incidents
Young Offenders 846Organized Crime 2Gangs 55Family 61Terrorist Groups 5Drugs/Narcotics 29Bikers 5Other 113Unknown 1184
Personal Animosity 146Monetary Gain/Extortion 16Intimidation 88Vandalism 943Publicity 5Revenge 76Sabotage/Subversion 5Protest 8Terrorism 26Suicide 12Racism 2Experimentation 207Other 14Unknown 752
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U.S. Department of Justice
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Bombing of US Embassy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
1998 Bombing Incidents
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