FAUNA SURVEY 2002 - 2003 - Home - City of Canada Bay Council

FAUNA SURVEY 2002 - 2003

Dion Hobcroft - Dion Hobcroft Natural History Service

CITY OF CANADA BAY

Fauna Survey 2002 - 2003

Owner: City Services - Parks and Gardens - Bushcare of 39Last Revised: 03/08/2009

Table of Contents

1. Executive Summary ........................................................................................ 5

1.1 Rationale of the Fauna Survey................................................................................................. 5

1.2 General Findings...................................................................................................................... 6

1.3 Canada Bay Council LGA Fauna.............................................................................................. 6

1.4 Recommendations ................................................................................................................... 9

2. Introduction.................................................................................................... 10

2.1 Background............................................................................................................................ 10

2.2 Aims of the Fauna Survey ...................................................................................................... 11

2.3 Description of the Survey Area............................................................................................... 11

2.4 Parks and Reserves of Canada Bay Council.......................................................................... 11

Trails and Walks of Canada Bay Council ..................................................................................... 14

3. Methods......................................................................................................... 15

3.1 Fauna Survey......................................................................................................................... 15

4. Issues and Recommendations...................................................................... 16

4.1 Conserving Biodiversity through Protecting and Managing Habitats....................................... 16

4.2 Improving the Habitat Value of Existing Reserves .................................................................. 16

4.3 Bush Regeneration ................................................................................................................ 16

4.4 Buffer Planting of Habitat Edges ............................................................................................ 16

4.5 Creating Habitats ................................................................................................................... 17

4.6 Compost Heaps as Habitats................................................................................................... 17

4.7 Feral Species Control............................................................................................................. 17

4.8 Control of Domestic Animals in Reserves............................................................................... 17

4.9 Corridors between Reserves.................................................................................................. 17

4.10 Stormwater Overflow Areas.................................................................................................. 18

4.11 Fallen Timber and Dead Trees............................................................................................. 18

4.12 Community Care of Bushland Areas - Public Education Campaign ...................................... 18

4.13 Monitoring the use of Reserves............................................................................................ 18

5.0 Shorebird Conservation in Canada Bay LGA ............................................. 19

5.1 Recommendations ................................................................................................................. 20



6. Biodiversity Conservation Recommendations for Canada Bay LGA............ 22

KBA 1: Rodd Point to Timbrell Park ............................................................................................. 22

KBA2: Quarantine Reserve, Halliday Park, Cintra Park, Barnwell Park Golf Course, Massey Park, Queen Elizabeth Park and Prince Edward Park. .......................................................................... 22

KBA 3: Concord Golf Course, Arthur Walker Reserve, Yaralla, Rivendell Adolescent Unit, Lovedale Place, Bray's Bay Reserve........................................................................................................... 24

KBA 4: Walker Street, Rhodes ..................................................................................................... 25

KBA 5: Powell's Creek Reserve and Bicentennial Park ................................................................ 25

7. Checklist of Fauna Occurring in the City of Canada Bay Council ................ 26

7.1 Mammals ............................................................................................................................... 26

7.2 Birds....................................................................................................................................... 28

7.3 Reptiles and Amphibians........................................................................................................ 36

8. Appendix........................................................................................................ 38

8.1 Species Not Recorded From this Survey but Known in LGA Bordering Canada Bay Council . 38

9. References .................................................................................................... 39



Photo 1 Dion Hobcroft, Black-winged Stilts. This elegant shorebird is resident in small numbers in tidal wetlands of the

Parramatta River.



1. Executive Summary

1.1 Rationale of the Fauna Survey

A detailed fauna survey was undertaken in the Canada Bay Council Local Government Area (CBCLGA), in 2002-2003 by

Dion Hobcroft. All terrestrial vertebrates were recorded whilst surveying recreation areas, reserves and tidal wetland

foreshore areas of the Parramatta River and upper reaches of Sydney Harbour within this LGA.

The results of the fauna study will allow CBC to implement planning measures to help protect the biodiversity in the area

and assist in long term management plans. The results of this study (the first conducted in this area) will be the benchmark

against which the results of subsequent fauna surveys will be measured.

A total of eleven native mammals, 86 native birds, 7 native lizards, 1 freshwater turtle and 6 native frogs were confirmed to

occur in the LGA during this survey. A further 15 species of native birds are likely to be recorded in the future to make a

total of 101 native birds. Vagrant species may well expand the list to more than this predicted total.

Additionally six feral mammals and eight feral birds species were recorded in the LGA or immediately adjacent during this

survey.

Four threatened species (Grey-headed Flying Fox, Large Bentwing Bat, Little Bentwing Bat, Green and Golden Bell Frog)

have been recorded in the LGA.

The LGA contains the most valuable migratory shorebird habitat remaining in the Parramatta River estuary. Unfortunately

the migratory shorebirds suffer high levels of disturbance from people and dogs. They also lack protected high tide roost

sites. At high tides the migratory shorebirds of the Canada Bay LGA depend on a single privately owned jetty for protection

from disturbance by people, dogs and watercraft. These issues and solutions are discussed further.

Canada Bay Council LGA contains no large undisturbed bushland reserves. A few remnant bushland communities occur in

reserves in a largely urbanised environment that has been grossly altered. The majority of native mammals, birds, reptiles

and amphibians have disappeared as bushland has given way to high and medium density housing. Still a surprising

diversity of native animals are present but in fragmented pockets with greatest diversity in foreshore wetlands, golf courses

and recreation reserves.

The management of urban wildlife is a new skill that CBC is seeking to add to its charter to conserve wildlife within the LGA.



1.2 General Findings

All reserves in the LGA are small and highly impacted by surrounding urban development. No reserves are free of urban

impact.

Types of impacts on reserves include:

weed invasion;

dumping of garden wastes and household rubbish;

planting of non-native plants including those not provenanced to the LGA;

fire that alters plant communities;

contamination of creeks and ground water;

changes in flow patterns of creeks through storm water control;

channelisation of creek banks and harbour foreshore areas;

increased erosion of creek banks;

loss of freshwater wetlands, both permanent and ephemeral;

feral mammal pests such as Red Fox, cats (domestic and feral), dogs (mostly domestic), Black and Brown Rats and

House Mice;

feral bird pests such as Common Starlings and Indian Mynas;

high density of native aggressive and predatory bird species such as Noisy Miner and Pied Currawong;

very high constant traffic on most arterial roads surrounding reserves; and

human disturbance.

Some of these impacts are being addressed by CBC. A flora survey is being conducted by Roger Lembit (B.Sc. Agr.) to

help identify and protect rare and vulnerable native plants and plant communities in the LGA. Some bush regeneration

projects are underway. These programs are beneficial but restricted to the rehabilitation of floral communities and habitats.

The rehabilitation of terrestrial vertebrates is often considered difficult. Within the Canada Bay Council LGA a few minor

changes to land management could benefit native fauna significantly. It should be also considered that rehabilitation of

native fauna is not possible without the conservation and management of key habitat areas.

1.3 City of Canada Bay LGA Fauna

Many animal groups in the original LGA area have undergone regional extinction in the wake of urbanisation. Some species

have survived and occasionally even benefited from urbanisation. The fauna groups most seriously affected by urban

development in the LGA are:

terrestrial mammals;

small passerine bush birds;

large reptiles; and

frogs.



Photo 2 Sacred Kingfisher, a regular summer migrant to woodlands and mangrove forests.

Photo 3 Tawny Frogmouth, a scarce resident in woodland areas.

Terrestrial mammals such as Kangaroos and Wallabies, Long-nosed Bandicoot, Common Wombat, Echidna, Brown

Antechinus and nearly all native rodents have completely disappeared in the area.

The main reason for the extinction of terrestrial mammals is predation by feral mammals (foxes, cats, and dogs), habitat

destruction and historically unsympathetic attitudes to native mammals.

The only native terrestrial mammal that is confirmed to survive in the area is the Water Rat (Hydromys chrysogaster).

Confirmed sightings of this species have been made from Sister's Bay, Iron Cove (Paul Smith, School of Biological

Sciences, University of Western Sydney). There are also confirmed sightings from Bicentennial Park in adjoining Strathfield

Council area of Homebush Bay and Balmain East.

It is known that the CBCLGA supports several microchiropteran bats. Bicentennial Park, managed by the Sydney Parks

Authority has documented seven species on site. Part of this park is in the CBCLGA. Survey work established the presence

of two threatened species- the Large Bentwing Bat (Miniopterus schreibersii) and the Little Bentwing Bat (M. australis).

The urban gardens and parks of the CBCLGA also attract moderate numbers of foraging Grey-headed Flying Fox

(Pteropus poliocephalus). The continuity of pollen and fruit resources is essential for the long-term survival of this species.

Several individuals of this species were found electrocuted in power lines during this survey.



Small native passerine bush birds (often referred to as songbirds) have also been completely eliminated as bushland has

been cleared to make way for housing and industry. As the complex floristic structure of the bush has been destroyed for

lawns and open gardens, native birds become vulnerable to predation from Pied Currawongs (Strepera graculina) and

constant harassment from the aggressive native honeyeater, the Noisy Miner (Manorina melanotis). Exotic birds such as

the Common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) and Common (or Indian) Myna (Acridotheres tristis) compete for tree hollow nesting

sites. House Sparrow (Passer domesticus) competes for seeding grass resources.

The CBCLGA has all of the hallmarks of a grossly altered bird community. Mostly large native birds and feral birds survive

only.

Gone completely are Painted Button-quail (Turnix varia), Glossy Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami), Turquoise

Parrot (Neophema pulchella), smaller cuckoos, Australian Owlet-nightjar (Aegotheles cristatus), Superb Lyrebird (Menura

novaehollandiae), White-throated Treecreepers (Cormobates leucophaea), most species of thornbill and gerygone, Rock

Warbler (Origma solitaria) and Chestnut-rumped Heathwren (Hylacola pyrrhopygia), most small honeyeater species, all

robins, Eastern Whipbird (Psophodes olivaceus), Spotted Quail-thrush (Cinclosoma punctatum), whistlers and Grey Shrike-

thrush (Colluricincla harmonica), Crested Shrike-tit (Falcunculus frontatus), nearly all monarch flycatchers, nearly all

cuckoo-shrikes, all woodswallows, Satin Bowerbird (Ptilinorhynchus violaceus) and the Bassian Thrush (Zoothera lunulata).

More than 50 species of native bird have disappeared from the CBCLGA. Without suitable habitat most are unlikely to ever

occur again.

It is not all doom and gloom however as the CBCLGA supports at least 80 bird species including very important shorebird

sites and intertidal wetlands of the Parramatta River estuary. These areas support a diversity of wetland bird species. With

sympathetic land management these areas could support more species and greater numbers of native birds.

Virtually all large reptiles and most small reptiles have been eliminated from the CBCLGA. This includes Lace Monitor

(Varanus varius), Diamond Python (Morelia spilota) and Eastern Water Dragon (Physignathus lesueurii). Most of these

reptiles have disappeared from habitat alteration, being deliberately killed (particularly snakes) or road-killed or killed by

domestic animals. During this survey no blind snakes, colubrid snakes, elapid snakes, pythons, monitors or geckos were

recorded. The reptile fauna in the LGA is restricted to skinks, freshwater turtles and one record from 2000 of a single

Bearded Dragon from Queen Elizabeth Park, Concord (D. Kureen pers. comm.).

The only large reptile known to remain in the CBCLGA is the Eastern Bluetongue (Tiliqua scincoides). There were

confirmed records from West Concord and Concord during this survey. The area of undeveloped land around Rhodes has a

high probability of supporting a viable population of this species. The Eastern Bluetongue would appear to be a declining

species in the CBCLGA.

It is very unlikely that a viable population of Bearded Dragon survives in the LGA. This species has declined significantly in

the Sydney district and the sole record from 2000 may ultimately be the last record of this species in the LGA.

A small population of Eastern Longneck Turtles (Chelodina longicollis) survive in the three freshwater dams on Concord

Golf Course.

Frogs have suffered a very serious decline in the CBCLGA. Surveying for frog species was hampered by the extensive

drought conditions that dominated during the survey. There are several reasons for the decline of frogs. These include poor

water quality, loss of ephemeral and still water flooded sites used for breeding, loss of creek catchment habitat, introduced

predatory fish such as the Plague Minnow (Gambusia holbrooki).

Pond breeding species are confined to golf course wetlands, backyard ponds, bushland remnants and abandoned industrial

land. All stream dwelling species have become extinct in the CBCLGA.



In summary nearly all fauna groups have declined extensively in the CBCLGA. Most of the declines would have happened

several decades ago. Forest and woodland species have been particularly adversely affected as these habitats have been

completely replaced or altered. Stream dwelling and terrestrial animals have also nearly completely disappeared.

Fauna groups that are still well represented are species that are tolerant of highly urbanised environments. They can be

defined as relatively large species, typically arboreal or aerial or very small species that are highly cryptic or nocturnal.

1.4 Recommendations

This survey assessed the animal life in reserves in terms of the species that have coped well with urban impacts and will

survive with minimal assistance, to those species that are poorly represented and need considerable assistance.

Recommendations aimed at maintaining the maximum diversity of animals in the CBCLGA are presented at two levels;

generic recommendations that apply to all reserves and specific recommendations that refer to particular reserves.

Recommendations concerned issues such as minimising disturbance to key sites, development of interpretive graphics to

inform residents of key wildlife values, control of weeds and feral animals, bushland restoration and education on suitable

native plants that encourage wildlife, development of nest box programs and increased protection of critical habitat areas

for threatened or endangered species.



2. Introduction

2.1 Background

The Canada Bay Council Local Government Area (CBCLGA) protects some of the finest and most valuable estuarine

wetlands in the Parramatta River. It also contains a number of reserves, recreation areas and golf courses that are valuable

for wildlife. The reserves are a result of complicated patterns of land settlement, difficulties of site access and the

establishment of local government land development processes and planning.

Urbanisation

Urban development did not occur at uniform rates around Sydney Harbour. Areas south of Port Jackson were inhabited first

because land on the south side of the harbour was flatter and more fertile (Watkin Tench 1789).

Prior to the construction of the Sydney Harbour Bridge in 1933, the inner west was the focus of rapid urban development

including most of the CBCLGA. After 1945 urban development of all of the CBCLGA was practically complete.

Remnant Bushland

Urbanisation has meant that nearly the entire area has been cleared and settled. Major and smaller roads branch

throughout the entire area. The relatively low lying topography of the area and combination of very worn sandstone plateau

and shale woodlands meant the majority of the area was easy to access and clear. This combined with sheltered

waterways have seen the entire area virtually overtaken with urban sprawl.

The best example of remnant bushland survives in a narrow corridor along the border of Yaralla (Dame Eadith Walker

Hospital) and Majors Bay Reserve. This woodland despite the high level of invasive weeds supports the greatest diversity

of bushbirds and reptiles found in the CBCLGA. Species found only in this site included Grey Fantail, White-cheeked

Honeyeater, Red-browed Finch, Mistletoebird, Sacred Kingfisher and White-browed Scrubwren. Four species of skink

including Eastern Bluetongues were found here. Bush regeneration here will need to be very carefully managed.

Indiscriminate removal of weeds such as Lantana may result in the local extinction of these species in the CBCLGA.

Other intact areas include extensive stands of Grey Mangroves in Bray's Bay, Yaralla and Major's Bay. Remnant saltmarsh

communities are also present here in the intertidal zone. Stands of Littoral Casuarina and remnant Eucalypt trees survive in

some of these areas. All remnant native bushland provides valuable habitat that needs to be protected.

A section of Bicentennial Park east of Powell's Creek is also included in the CBCLGA. The Sydney Parks Authority

manages Bicentennial Park.

Remnant bushland areas of the CBCLGA are a vital component protecting the biodiversity of this area. Remnant bushland

areas provide valuable green spaces, soften the harshness of urbanisation and can create an attractive setting. This can

also increase the value of residential properties nearby and provide a retreat for those wishing to escape suburbia.

Recently Sydney Councils have found bushland reserves have changed focus in the community. Originally they were

places that had escaped development and were pleasant places to visit. With the increasing pace of urbanisation, a

movement towards greater protection of remnant areas has resulted for example in the Green Web Project for Sydney. This

project seeks to link bush remnants and increase native revegetation with corridor plantings.

Remnant bushland areas need to be managed and maintained. They are vital for the conservation of native plants and

animals.

For Sydney City Councils a role in fauna and flora conservation has not existed until recently. Councils are now becoming

managers of bushland areas and the animals and plants that occur there.



CBC needs to develop a plan of management for its remnant bushland areas that includes responsibility for the

conservation of native fauna and their habitats. This present study can assist in this objective.

2.2 Aims of the Fauna Survey

In April 2002, Canada Bay Council commissioned Dion Hobcroft Natural History Services to undertake a fauna survey of

the LGA. The survey had two primary aims:

1. To provide a current assessment of the range and abundance of wildlife in the LGA; and

2. To provide reference data that can be used to assess future changes to the abundance of wildlife in the LGA.

From this study recommendations were prepared that are intended to improve the survival prospects of native animals and

will lead to the creation of more secure fauna habitats within reserves.

2.3 Description of the Survey Area

The Canada Bay Council LGA is endowed with 95 parks and reserves. All of these protected areas are open to the public,

generally of small area, fragmented and isolated from each other. They are mostly designed for recreational use such as

playing fields and golf courses. As a result most have very open understoreys with a few large trees. They are of reduced

value for protecting biodiversity but all play a small part in the green mosaic in the LGA.

Exceptions include Bicentennial Park, the combined area between Bray's Bay Reserve and Major's Bay Reserve

incorporating the foreshore walk around the Rivendell Adolescent Unit and Yaralla (Dame Eadith Walker Hospital). This

area combined with Concord Golf Course provides the largest green belt in the LGA. They contain the only viable bushland

remnants, extensive stands of Grey Mangrove and some useful areas of dense weeds and valuable saltmarsh

communities.

Highly valuable migratory shorebird habitat is protected in Prince Edward Park, Bray's Bay, Halliday Park and Rodd Point

Park.

Large green areas that support a diversity of birds includes Massey Park, Concord Golf Course, Cintra Park and, to a lesser

extent Quarantine Reserve.

Disused industrial land (including Dioxin contaminated sites) predominates in the suburb of Rhodes that adjoins the eastern

side of Homebush Bay along Walker's Avenue. This site supports relatively high wildlife diversity in the LGA. It has a high

potential for being utilised as a future green zone with useful wildlife potential.

Two other valuable parks that protect remnant Turpentine-Ironbark woodland are Queen Elizabeth Park, Concord and Brett

Park, Sister's Bay, Drummoyne.

2.4 Parks and Reserves of City of Canada Bay

Reserves and parks were visited and notes are provided on the most important wildlife sites here and further identified in

Key Biodiversity Areas (6.0).

Most reserves were very open playing fields with a few large trees and as a result were of limited value in supporting wildlife

diversity. They are important as recreation areas and all native trees and plants do provide wildlife value.

Abbotsford

Reserve/Park Name Notes

Alison Park

Battersea Park

Coralie Reserve



Henry Lawson Park

Quarantine Park Valuable native vegetation and wildlife.

Werrell Reserve Very small. Native vegetation

Cabarita


Cabarita Park

Kendall Reserve*

Prince Edward Park Very important shorebird high tide roost

Chiswick


Armitage Reserve

Blackwall Point Reserve

Campbell Park

Chambers Park

Chiswick Park

Chiswick Steps

Lysaght Park

Fig Tree Bay Reserve

Concord


Arthur Walker Reserve High wildlife and native plant value

Bayview Park

Central Park

Cintra Park Native birds

Concord Oval

Corby Avenue Reserve

Edwards Park

Goddard Park

Greenless Park

Henley Park

Howse Park

Jessie Stuart Reserve

Majors Bay Reserve Important tidal wetlands and mangrove forests.

Massey Park Golf Course Native birds

Prince Henry Place

Queen Elizabeth Park Important native woodlands

Rothwell Park

Shadrack Shaw Reserve

Sanders Reserve

Stanton Reserve



St Lukes Park

Concord West


Mutton Reserve

McKinnes Reserve

Powells Creek Reserve Wildlife corridor with Mason Park and Homebush Bay.

Warbrick Park

Drummoyne


Alexandra Reserve

Apex Park

Bill Fisher Reserve

Brett Park Water Rats. Tidal wetlands at Sister's Bay. Valuable woodland

remnant

Bridge St Wharf Reserve

Cambridge Road Reserve

Day Street Reserve

Drummoyne Park

Drummoyne Oval

Dunlop Reserve

Gipps Street Reserve

Howley Park

Menzies Reserve

Montague Park

Peppercorn Reserve

Pelican Reserve

Queen Victoria Reserve

Raymond Reserve

Rea Reserve

Russell Park

Salton Reserve

St Georges Crescent Reserve

Taplin Park

Five Dock


Barwell Park Golf Course

Charles Heath Reserve

Croker Park

Five Dock Park

Five Dock Oval

Halliday Park Very important migratory shorebird high tide roost.

Larkins Reserve



Maple Reserve

Nield Park

O.H. Watts Reserve

Roberts Reserve

Rodd Park Tidal wetlands. Important migratory shorebird roosting site.

Sibbick Street Reserve

Stevenson Reserve

Storey Park

Timbrell Park Native birds and some wetland species.

Mortlake


Edwin Street Reserve

Punt Park

Wangal Park

Northcote Street Reserve

Rhodes


Brays Bay Reserve Very Important tidal wetlands, mangrove forests. Native and

wetland birds.

Churchill Tucker Reserve

King George V Park

Lovedale Place Important remnant paperbark and woodland remnant. Native

birds.

McIllwaine Park

Rhodes/Rotary Park Mangrove forests and woodland remnants. Native birds and

lizards.

Uhrs Point Reserve

Trails and Walks of the City of Canada Bay

Foreshore Walk: Concord;

Kokoda Track Memorial Walkway: Rhodes;

The Bay Run: Iron Cove Bridge to Drummoyne, Haberfield and Rozelle;

Foreshore Walk: Hen and Chicken Bay Five Dock; and

Five Dock Bay Walk: From Raymond Reserve Drummoyne via Taplin Park, Russell and Lysaght Parks,

Chiswick.



3. Methods

3.1 Fauna Survey

Historical Data: Although the purpose of the survey was to create an understanding of the fauna in the Canada Bay

Council LGA, efforts were also made to obtain any historical records within the area.

Once the survey commenced contact was made with a number of local residents and council staff working in the LGA.

People were asked specific questions in relation to fauna sightings. Details of any sightings were noted and then later

crosschecked.

I would like to acknowledge and thank Judy Harrington, Diana Kureen, Roger Lembit, Murray Lord, Michael Muscat, Phil

Straw, Andrew Walker, Arthur White and Brian and Madeleine Welsh for providing valuable wildlife records during this

survey.

Field Surveys: The following techniques were used to sample fauna:

Arboreal and Small Mammals: Mammals were detected mainly by spotlighting at night. Walking tracks and perimeter

fences were walked slowly while panning a spotlight on either side of the track. Spotlighting was carried out during the first

three hours after dusk. Dreys of Ring-tailed Possums were searched for during the day, although none were located.

Bats: Microchiropteran bat records were referenced from a comprehensive survey report on the Bats of the Sydney

Olympic Parklands, Homebush Bay written by Glenn Hoye. The report was prepared for the Sydney Olympic Park Authority

in June 2002. Hoye used Harp traps and ultra sonic sound recordings analysed by Anabat to identify species in the LGA.

Widespread records of Grey-headed Flying Foxes were noted whilst spotlighting and electrocuted animals were recorded in

powerlines at several locations in the LGA.

Birds: All bird species were recorded whilst working in the LGA. Efforts were made to visit all shorebird sites at a variety of

tide levels. Cryptic birds such as owls were spot lit for whilst playing back their territorial calls on a tape recorder to

hopefully attract a response. Two species were recorded in the LGA identified by a specimen in one case and a feather in

another.

Reptiles: Reptiles were searched for by hand during the day. Sunny areas were examined at suitable times of the day to

look for basking reptiles thermoregulating. Potential reptile shelter sites were examined carefully.

Frogs: Frogs were surveyed for at night during wet weather. Species could be identified by call or examined briefly in the

hand before being released in situ.



4. Issues and Recommendations

4.1 Conserving Biodiversity through Protecting and Managing Habitats

Remnant bushland reserves and parklands in the LGA provide a dual role. They provide valuable recreation areas to the

local residents breaking up a continuous residential urban landscape. They are also vital in protecting and conserving

remnant flora and fauna.

Wildlife management is often complex in remnants. Different species have different often poorly understood habitat

requirements. Changing weather conditions and plant flowering and seeding events can cause populations to be mobile.

Many animal species are migratory and rely on remnants as foraging zones whilst moving between breeding and wintering

areas.

Key habitats that need to be protected and conserved in the LGA are all remnant dry sclerophyll forest, freshwater ponds,

saltmarsh, mangrove and tidal estuarine areas.

4.2 Improving the Habitat Value of Existing Reserves

Existing reserves often suffer from a loss of native wildlife. Main factors for these regional extinctions are predation by feral

and native predators. Predation is linked to a lack of shelter sites and a critical area necessary to provide habitat to a viable

population. Often there is a perceived need to tidy up reserves including removal of bush rock, fallen logs, dead trees and

dense understorey plants. Frequent fires further reduce available shelter sites and reduce wildlife values in reserves.

Removal of ground shelter is the major cause for disappearances in native wildlife in smaller urban reserves.

Terrestrial shelter sites can be provided. They can be non-combustible and non-obtrusive. Where possible existing rock

piles and fallen timber should be left in situ.

Tree hollows are a very valuable resource for Australian wildlife. Where possible tree hollows should be retained as long as

practically possible. An artificial nest box program can provide valuable wildlife 'real estate' for a small cost.

4.3 Bush Regeneration

Active bush regeneration can have a positive impact in a number of reserves. Reserves with a sufficient seed bank are best

left to regenerate to allow the endemic plants to grow and develop under the prevailing conditions. Plant communities that

establish themselves after the removal of weeds or grazing pressures are more capable of surviving in the long term than

deliberately planted species.

Bush regeneration is a slow process. Wholesale weed removal by impatient participants can be deleterious to native

wildlife. Bush regeneration teams need to have a plan of regeneration areas. Site clearing of dense choking weeds should

be partial. Removal of large areas of weeds can lead to the direct loss of valuable native animals.

Within these remnant habitats, dense understorey floral structure is very important to retain. This includes dense weedy

growth that provides critical cover for small bushbirds, reptiles, small mammals and frogs. Over vigorous bush regeneration

can actually endanger local populations of passerine birds, reptiles and amphibians. Important consideration of wildlife

habitat needs to be taken when removing weeds.

4.4 Buffer Planting of Habitat Edges

The edges of habitats suffer from weed invasion, human damage and illegal rubbish dumping, mowing and slashing,

herbicide run off and nutrient rich storm water. These factors remove fragile native plants and further open up habitats to

more weed invasion.



Buffer planting by hardy, native, non-invasive plants can provide a buffer to the bushland from the urban zone. A buffer

zone of tall dense shrubs such as Kunzea, Hakea, Melaleuca and Grevillea (locally native species not cultivar hybrids) can

be beneficial to protecting bushland edges.

4.5 Creating Habitats

A number of habitats are missing from the City of Canada Bay. One of the most obvious is any form of freshwater wetlands

except for a small ephemeral pond in Walker St. Rhodes. An urban wetland could attract many native birds if well designed.

More complex habitats would be difficult to create but include heathlands, grasslands, wet sclerophyll or rainforest plant

communities.

4.6 Compost Heaps as Habitats

Observations were made (in the Arthur Walker Reserve, Concord), where the use of compost heaps proved to be

successful for the use of animals. Although these are human-made habitats, they were regularly used by reptiles,

particularly small skinks.

These compost heaps consisted of the green waste mounds that were left by bush regeneration teams. Rather than

removing these green waste mounds, it would be more beneficial to ensure that there are always a few compost mounds

available in each reserve, particularly over the winter months.

4.7 Feral Species Control

Where possible fox and rodent control are always recommended. These feral pests are responsible for the demise of a

wide variety of native animals.

4.8 Control of Domestic Animals in Reserves

Uncontrolled cats and dogs are a problem in reserves. Dogs roaming uncontrolled or even when being walked by owners

disturb a lot of wildlife. Their constant presence in reserves can cause native animals to abandon reserves. Dogs also kill

some animals. The widespread disappearance of Eastern Bluetongue lizards in the LGA is a result of dog and cat

predation.

Some reserves should be listed as no-domestic animal reserves. Unfortunately some dog owners do not control their

animals and let their dogs roam out of sight.

A scheme where dog owners can take dogs into reserves needs to be prepared and advertised to residents. Some

bushland reserves, parts of reserves and foreshore areas will need to be excluded altogether. These are areas where the

presence of dogs, regardless of whether they are controlled or uncontrolled, will cause fauna dislocation. The areas where

dogs should be excluded include the immediate foreshore areas of Halliday Park, Prince Edward Park, Bray's Bay Reserve

and Yaralla.

Cats are also a problem, especially at night as they are able to hunt birds and mammals under cover of darkness. Many of

the cats sighted in reserves at night do appear to be domestic cats. Residents that live close to bushland reserves must be

encouraged to keep their cats inside at night.

4.9 Corridors between Reserves

Some of the bushland reserves are totally isolated from other bushland areas. This isolation diminishes the survival

prospects of various animals and limits the capacity of migratory species to use the reserves while moving across Sydney.

To create corridors between the reserves will require the creation of suitable habitat outside of the reserves. There appears

to be two ways that this can be done:

1. Sympathetic street planting. Instead of using ornamental or totally decorative street trees, trees that provide habitat

value (either as dense canopy, food or nesting sights) should be utilised. As most of the reserves contain woodland,

the types of tree that would serve this purpose include Red Bloodwood Corymbia gummifera, Sydney Red Apple

Angophora costata, Grey Gum Eucalyptus punctata and Scribbly Gum E.haemastoma.



2. Sympathetic backyard planting. Residents who live in areas between reserves could be encouraged by Council to plant

suitable trees and shrubs to assist with the creation of green corridors between reserves. Council could provide

seedlings for these residents or offer some other incentive for residents who actively convert their backyard flora into

sympathetic habitat. Council could also provide or make available printed information for residents about the

importance of providing suitable habitats in these areas and list the most suitable plant species.

Many of the parks and reserves within the LGA are very open and of limited wildlife value. The wildlife value of reserves

could be increased by densely planted buffer zones and islands of native vegetation within reserves with the long-term aim

of linking corridors of native vegetation.

In each of the above examples, seedlings should come from seeds collected from local trees.

4.10 Stormwater Overflow Areas

Many stormwater systems overflow into Parramatta River and bushland reserves. Often the discharge from these systems

is short lived but dynamic. To reduce the erosion effects of these rapid discharges of stormwater, concrete troughs and

basins have been created to disrupt the energy of the water. These structures could easily be modified to also provide a

habitat for frogs.

A concrete basin, off centre to the main flow, would cater for the more generalist frog species. After heavy rain, the basin

would fill and retains water for many weeks. Fringing plants would need to be established around the ponds to help frogs

avoid predators. The ponds would also supply drinking water for other native species and provide small freshwater

wetlands, a habitat almost entirely absent from the LGA.

4.11 Fallen Timber and Dead Trees

The practice of removing fallen timber and dead trees from urban bushland areas deprives many animal species of a home

to live in. Throughout the LGA there is a noticeable lack of hollow nesting species, probably due to the removal of dead

trees and fallen timber. Fallen timber should not be removed from reserves.

4.12 Community Care of Bushland Areas - Public Education Campaign

It is vital that education campaigns within the community are established and maintained to make local residents and

visitors to the area aware of the importance of bushland and wetland conservation. The longevity and health of the

bushland reserves depends on its community. Without it, Council monies will be redirected to other purposes. Local

conservation groups need to work with Council in protecting the bushland areas. Awareness programs for the community

must be maintained for its success. Community education campaigns are particularly needed to better protect shorebirds.

4.13 Monitoring the use of Reserves

It is difficult to obtain information about the use of the bushland and foreshore reserves. This information would be useful,

as it will provide a quantitative measure for assessing the resilience of bushland and foreshore areas. Such information will

become increasingly important as the population density increase in the future. A census of the public use of reserves

would consist of monitoring pedestrian traffic across bushland tracks, and the use of other open space and picnic areas.

Knowledge of the level of visitation of reserves will help planners rationalise the use of these public lands.

The Canada Bay Council Fauna Survey has provided a snapshot look at the state of the fauna in the LGA. It is likely that

the fauna will change as years go by, and the changes may not be predictable. However this study has provided a set of

base figures against which subsequent fauna studies may be based. As the methods used in this study are repeatable, any

changes in the fauna detected by future studies should reflect real changes in the biota and not merely sampling bias in the

survey.

The fauna survey should be repeated in five to ten years' time. The follow up survey may need to be brought forward if

there are believed to be significant changes to the fauna (eg. as the result of bush fires or disease).



5.0 Shorebird Conservation in the City of Canada Bay LGA

Photo 4 Bar-tailed Godwits being disturbed by a dog at the high tide roost in Prince Edward Park, Cabarita

One of the most important biodiversity components in the LGA are the value of the estuarine wetlands to migratory

shorebirds particularly Bar-tailed Godwits (Limosa lapponica). This species breeds in northeastern Arctic Asia in Siberia.

The subspecies that is most commonly recorded in Australia is Limosa lapponica baueri.

Other species of long distance migratory shorebirds that have been recorded utilising these wetlands are Pacific Golden

Plover (Pluvialis fulva), Grey-tailed Tattler (Tringa brevipes) and Curlew Sandpiper (Calidris ferruginea).

Australian resident shorebirds include the Black-fronted Dotterel (Elseyornis melanops), Masked Lapwing (Vanellus miles)

and Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus).

Over 350 Bar-tailed Godwits feed on estuarine mudflats in the Canada Bay LGA. They feed primarily on bivalves and

polychaetes that occur in the substrate of the intertidal mudflats. Favoured locations include Rodd Point, Halliday Park and

Prince Edward Park, Cabarita. These sites are identified as important shorebird sites within the jurisdiction of the LGA. This

information is the first step towards managing this regionally significant population.

This population faces several threats that could be reduced by low cost planning.

Threats to shorebirds particularly Bar-tailed Godwits include:

lack of protected roosting sites at high tide;

constant disturbance (dogs, people, watercraft); and

freshwater runoff from streets that encourage mangrove growth on intertidal mudflats.



5.1 Recommendations

Protected High Tide Roosting Sites: Currently the Bar-tailed Godwits utilise four primary sites to gather at high tide in the

Canada Bay LGA. When gathered like this the birds are very prone to constant disturbance. Roosting sites are determined

by the tide height and level of disturbance. The four primary sites are:

Rodd Point;

Halliday Park;

Prince Edward Park; and

Private jetty in France Bay off Dorking Road.

Only the private jetty is safe from public disturbance and the Bar-tailed Godwits rely on a sympathetic attitude from the

property owner for this site protection. Rodd Point, Halliday Park and Prince Edward Park roosting sites are subject to high

levels of disturbance.

Photo 5 Bar-tailed Godwits roosting on a private jetty. Shorebirds are reliant on this private jetty because of constant

disturbance at other hightide roosting sites.

A low cost solution would be to create an artificial roosting site. The best artificial roosting sites are sand-filled geotextile

platforms. The platform can be situated in an offshore location within France Bay. If the platform is not land linked it will not

attract boat mooring or disturbance from fishers.

Constant Disturbance: Three recommendations that could minimise constant shorebird disturbance are:

educational graphics on site;

dog free areas; and

seasonal or permanent fencing off of small areas designated as shorebird sites.

Educational Graphics

An excellent example of educational graphics can be seen at Mason Park in Strathfield Council LGA. These graphics

highlight Pacific Golden Plover, Sharp-tailed and Curlew Sandpiper and Black-winged Stilt. They have lasted for several



years including vandalism attempts, intense ultraviolet light and heavy rainfall. These interpretive signs are the best

shorebird graphics the author has encountered in Sydney.

Similar style graphics strategically located at Rodd Point, Halliday Park and Prince Edward Park would help educate the

community of the value of these sites for shorebird conservation and the problem of constant disturbance.

Dog Free Areas

By making these three key locations dog free areas disturbance could be significantly minimised. Uncontrolled dogs

chasing shorebirds have been witnessed on a nearly daily occurrence by the author whilst undertaking the survey. There

are several dog exercise areas close by so the impact on dog walkers would be minimal as viable alternatives are close at

hand.

Seasonal or Permanent Fencing off of Small Areas of Sensitive Sites

This is undoubtedly the most effective way of minimising disturbance. It has been widely adopted in England, USA,

Australia, Japan and elsewhere.

Fences need not be obtrusive. A height of 70 centimetres encircling an area of 20 by 20 metres may be all that is

necessary. It basically protects an area for shorebirds. The most strategic sites for this would need to be identified very

carefully. The three most sensitive areas are directly in front of the car park on Rodd Point, Halliday Park and the south side

of Prince Edward Park.



6. Biodiversity Conservation Recommendations for the City of Canada Bay LGAMany species of native mammals, birds, reptiles and amphibians identified during this survey have a very localised

distribution in the Canada Bay LGA.

This is primarily because of the extensive urbanisation of the area and the public nature of nearly all of the recreation

reserves set aside.

Key biodiversity areas (KBA) recognised in the Canada Bay LGA are identified below. The identification of these areas and

the recommendations for each should assist the council in managing and hopefully improving protection of wildlife in these

sites.

KBA 1: Rodd Point to Timbrell Park

This site produced a high diversity of native birds including both wetland species and some interesting passerines

(bushbirds). Unusual birds recorded here included the only current survey records for the LGA of Peregrine Falcon (Falco

peregrinus), Black-fronted Dotterel (Elseyornis melanops), Topknot Pigeon (Lopholaimus antarcticus) and Fairy Martin

(Hirundo ariel). Scarce or uncommon species regularly recorded from Rodd Point included Rufous Night Heron (Nycticorax

caledonicus), Royal Spoonbill (Platalea regia), Striated Heron (Butorides striatus) and Bar-tailed Godwit (Limosa

lapponica)

KBA2: Quarantine Reserve, Halliday Park, Cintra Park, Barnwell Park Golf Course, Massey Park, Queen Elizabeth Park and Prince Edward Park.

Quarantine Reserve protected some old Turpentine-Eucalyptus woodland. Unfortunately the open understorey precluded

the presence of small passerine birds such as Superb Fairy-wren. Grey Butcherbird (Cracticus torquatus) and Delicate

Garden Skink (Lampropholis delicata) were present in this park.

Halliday Park is one of the most important biodiversity sites in the Canada Bay LGA. This is because this site is a key high

tide roost and foraging site for Bar-tailed Godwit (Limosa lapponica) and Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus). It is

the only location in the Canada Bay LGA where the Pacific Golden Plover (Pluvialis fulva), Curlew Sandpiper (Calidris

ferruginea) and Sharp-tailed Sandpiper (Calidris acuminata) have been regularly recorded. A variety of other wetland

species utilise the foreshore here for foraging including cormorants, herons, ducks and terns. Unfortunately people, dogs

and watercraft frequently disturb the roosting birds.

Cintra Park, Barnwell Park Golf course and Massey Park provide valuable green spaces. Key birds here included good

numbers of Eastern Rosella (Platycercus eximius), Red-rumped Parrot (Psephotus haematonotus) and it was the only one

of two locations in the LGA where the Australian Wood Duck (Chenonetta jubata) was recorded.



Three species of international migratory shorebirds that winter in the Parramatta River estuary

Photo 6 Grey-tailed Tattler

Photo 7 Sharp-tailed Sandpiper

Photo 8 Pacific Golden Plover.



Prince Edward Park is along with Halliday Park, the most important migratory shorebird roost protected in the Canada Bay

LGA. Up to 350 Bar-tailed Godwits use this site at high tide. Curlew Sandpipers and Grey-tailed Tattler have also been

recorded here. Unfortunately the roost suffers a high level of disturbance from dogs, people and watercraft. The shorebird

roost should be afforded better protection from constant disturbance.

Queen Elizabeth Park protects valuable remnant Sydney Turpentine-Ironbark woodland that has been actively protected

and bush regenerated for several years. The last record of Bearded Dragon (Pogona barbata) was made in this remnant in

2000.

KBA 3: Concord Golf Course, Arthur Walker Reserve, Yaralla, Rivendell Adolescent Unit, Lovedale Place, Bray's Bay Reserve.

Concord Golf Course provides a valuable wildlife haven within its 100 hectare fenced boundary. Old growth Eucalyptus

trees contain valuable tree hollows. It is also the only site in the LGA with permanent freshwater wetlands in the form of

three dams. Concerning bird species Concord Golf Course provided the only records during this survey of Dollarbird

(Eurystomus orientalis), White-throated Needletail (Hirundapus caudacutus), Australasian Grebe (Tachybaptus

novaehollandiae), Eurasian Coot (Fulica atra) and Hardhead (Aythya australis). It supports large populations of Red

Wattlebird (Anthochaera carunculata), Rainbow Lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus) and several more resilient urban

birds. The locally scarce Musk Lorikeet (Glossopsitta concinna) was recorded here.

It was the only site in the survey area that Eastern Longneck Turtle (Chelodina longicollis), Peron?s Tree Frog (Litoria

peronii) and Dwarf Tree Frog (Litoria fallax) were recorded. Chris Howe reported the presence of several Eastern

Bluetongues (Tiliqua scincoides)-one of the few viable populations left in the LGA.

Numerous Grey-headed Flying Fox and Microchiropteran bats including the White-striped Mastiff Bat (Nyctinomus australis)

were present over the Golf Course at night. It also supports a population of Common Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus

vulpecula).

Arthur Walker Reserve and the waterboard land that protects a remnant of woodland is one of the most important bird sites

in the Canada Bay LGA. Key species recorded here include Laughing Kookaburra (Dacelo novaeguinae), White-browed

Scrubwren (Sericornis frontalis) and Channel-billed Cuckoo (Scythrops novaehollandiae). It was the only site where Garden

Skink (Lampropholis guichenoti) was recorded during the survey.

Yaralla (Dame Eadith Walker Hospital) is also a very valuable bush remnant site within the Canada Bay LGA, arguably the

most biodiverse for small native birds. It was the only site where the following species were recorded during this survey;

Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus axillaris), Tawny Frogmouth (Podargus strigoides), White-cheeked Honeyeater (Phylidonyris

nigra), Yellow-rumped Thornbill (Acanthiza chrysorrhoa), Grey Fantail (Rhipidura fuliginosa), Eastern Bluetongue (Tiliqua

scincoides), Bar-sided Skink (Eulamprus tenuis). It was one of only two sites where Sacred Kingfisher (Todiramphus

sanctus), White-browed Scrubwren (Sericornis frontalis), Red-browed Finch (Neochmia temporalis) and Mistletoebird

(Dicaeum hirundinaceum) were recorded during this survey. Important breeding records for Grey Fantail, Channel-billed

Cuckoo and Eastern Rosella were made in the hospital grounds.

Bray's Bay Reserve: Including the Kokoda Trail Memorial Walkway and Lovedale Place this extensive reserve that links

with Yaralla and the Rivendell Adolescent Unit and Major?s Bay Reserve was a valuable site. Tidal wetlands supported the

only sightings of Common Greenshank (Tringa nebularia). Other local rarities found here included Sacred Kingfisher,

Curlew Sandpiper and Mistletoebird. A healthy population of Water Skink was present plus Superb Fairy-wren and Yellow

Thornbill.



KBA 4: Walker Street, Rhodes

Walker St. Rhodes: Abandoned industrial grassland with remnant woodland, sandstone outcrops and ephemeral pond was

a valuable wildlife site within the LGA. The location adjoining Homebush Bay and adjacent reserves and foreshore areas in

Ryde Council provides a wildlife corridor on the Parramatta River. Future development should take this into account.

This was the only location that Double-barred Finch (Taeniopygia bichenovii) and Golden-headed Cisticola (Cisticola exilis)

were recorded in the LGA. It was the only site that supported large frog populations of Brown-striped Marsh Frog

(Limnodynastes peronii) and Common Eastern Froglet (Crinia signifera) in the LGA. Both species were present on a small

ephemeral wetland at this site. Water Skinks and Delicate Garden Skink were also present here. Other local rarities

recorded here included Nankeen Night Heron, Brown Goshawk (Accipiter fasciatus), Spotted Pardalote (Pardalotus

punctatus) and New Holland Honeyeater (Phylidonyris novaehollandiae). Due to limited access because of industrial

contamination it is likely that more species occur here. The site has potential of being rehabilitated into a valuable wildlife

and recreation reserve.

KBA 5: Powell's Creek Reserve and Bicentennial Park

Powell's Creek Reserve and the independently managed council land in Bicentennial Park link with Mason Park in

Strathfield Council LGA to provide the largest protected area of wetlands, mangroves and remnant bushland in Sydney's

inner west.

Powell's Creek Reserve has the potential for planting of native vegetation and constructive regeneration to enhance the

corridor potential. Grassland and woodland plant species could attract immediately adjacent populations of Brown Quail

(Coturnix ypsilophorus) and possibly several other species. Several raptores were recorded here including White-bellied

Sea-eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster), Australian Hobby (Falco longipennis), Black-shouldered Kite and Brown Goshawk.

This was quite noticeable in the cooler winter months when hunting raptores were attracted to waterbird concentrations at

Mason Park. Locally uncommon bushbirds such as Eastern Rosella, New Holland Honeyeater, Little Wattlebird and Grey

Butcherbird were present.

Bicentennial Park east of Powell's Creek supported large populations of Chestnut Teal, Yellow Thornbill, Silvereye, Superb

Fairy-wren. Tidal estuaries on Homebush Bay supported Royal Spoonbill, White-faced Heron and four species of

cormorant. It is possible that populations of the native Water Rat could be present here.



7. Checklist of Fauna Occurring in the City of Canada BayTS denote Threatened Species afforded special protection under NSW or Federal legislation.

*Denotes introduced species to Australia-not native or protected

All native animals are protected in NSW.

7.1 Mammals

Phalangeridae (Cuscus and Brushtail Possums)

Common Brushtail Possum (Trichosurus vulpecula): Locally common breeding resident associated with urban

environments especially near remnant bushland. Reported from West Concord (Judy Harrington pers. comm.) and Concord

Golf Course.

Pteropodidae (Fruit Bats)

TS Grey-headed Flying Fox (Pteropus poliocephalus): This species is listed as Vulnerable in the NSW Threatened

Species Conservation Act 1995. It is also listed as Vulnerable under the National Environment Protection and Biodiversity

Conservation Act 1999. It is a widespread, locally common nocturnal visitor to fruiting and flowering trees throughout the

LGA. Reported throughout the year. This species is more abundant in spring and summer month (September to March).

This species favours feeding in fruiting native figs (Ficus), flowering gums (Eucalyptus) and bottlebrush (Callistemon). Often

encountered dead, electrocuted in powerlines. During this survey, recorded from Rodd Point, Haberfield, Cabarita, Five

Dock, Rhodes, West Concord and Concord. Up to 50 individuals were seen a night whilst spotlighting. This species is likely

to be encountered throughout the LGA. Has been observed roosting in the day in Bicentennial Park but no established

camps known in the LGA.

Vespertilionidae (Ordinary Bats)

TS Large Bentwing Bat (Miniopterus schreibersii): This species is listed as Vulnerable in the NSW Threatened Species

Conservation Act 1995 and Conservation Dependent under Federal Legislation (Environment Protection and Biodiversity

Conservation Act 1999). This species was recorded from Bicentennial Park by Glenn Hoye. It was recorded during recent

surveys for the Olympic Co-ordinating Committee (OCA). Known to roost and forage widely within the park, part of which is

in the CBCLGA.

TS Little Bentwing Bat (M. australis): This species is listed as Vulnerable in the NSW threatened Species Conservation

Act 1995. This species has been recorded in Bicentennial Park by Glenn Hoye. It was recorded during recent surveys for

the Olympic Co-ordinating Committee (OCA). This species was identified from call analysis and represents a southern

range extension.

Gould's Wattled Bat (Chalinolobus gouldii): Reported from Bicentennial Park by G. Hoye.

Chocolate Wattled Bat (C. morio): Recorded from Bicentennial Park by G. Hoye

Lesser Long-eared Bat (Nyctophilus geoffroi): Recorded from Bicentenial Park by G. Hoye.

Eastern Broad-nosed Bat (Scotorepens orion): Recorded from Bicentennial Park by G. Hoye.



Molossidae (Freetail Bats)

White-striped Mastiff Bat (Tadarida australis): Recorded from Bicentennial Park by G. Hoye including known roosting

sites. Several individuals calling over Major's Bay Reserve and Concord Golf Course on 3.2.03.

Little Freetail Bat (Mormopterus sp.): Recorded from Bicentennial Park by G. Hoye.

Muridae (Rats and Mice)

Water Rat (Hydromys chrysogaster): Status in Canada Bay uncertain. Definite records of trapped individuals from

Sister's Bay, Drummoyne (Paul Smith, School of Biological Sciences, University of Western Sydney). Other records on

either side of the LGA including Lake Belvedere in Bicentennial Park (J. Harrington pers.comm.) and Peacock Point, East

Balmain (M. Muscat pers. comm.) There have also been records from Iron Cove Bridge within the LGA (D. Kureen

pers.comm.) A targeted survey for this cryptic species is recommended. It is likely to be present in other locations in the

tidal Parramatta River wetlands.

*Black Rat (Rattus rattus): Recorded in this survey from Five Dock and Rodd Point. This species is likely to be found

throughout the LGA. Introduced pest species commensal with human urban areas.

*Brown Rat (R. norvegicus): Recorded in this survey in Rodd Point. This species is likely to be found throughout the LGA.

Introduced pest species commensal with human urban areas. Favoured sites include foreshore areas, railway tracks and

sewerage systems.

*House Mouse (Mus musculus): Recorded in this survey in Rodd Point. This species is likely to be found throughout the

LGA. Introduced pest species commensal with human urban areas and also grassy paddocks.

Canidae (Dogs and Foxes)

*Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes): Recorded during this survey from Yaralla, Arthur Walker Reserve and Walker St. Rhodes

where single healthy individuals were spotlit at night. This species is likely to be present in small numbers throughout the

LGA. There were several records of this species in areas adjoining the LGA including Strathfield and Homebush. It was

also reported from Concord Golf Course.

Felidae (Cats)

*House Cat (Felis catus): Recorded at night throughout urban areas, Major's Bay Reserve and Cintra Park. This species

both domestic and feral is likely to be found at night throughout the LGA. House Cats are a pest predator that impact on

native wildlife.

Leporidae (Rabbits and Hares)

*European Rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus): Not recorded in LGA during this survey but likely to be present occasionally.

The absence of this species is linked to a lack of large open grassed areas. It is likely to be present in Rhodes but access to

abandoned industrial areas was difficult at night. The presence of this species in small to large populations is often linked to

Red Fox occurrence. It was unknown from Concord Golf Course by the course workers (Chris Howe pers. comm.). That no

records were obtained during this survey of European Rabbits demonstrates that this species is not common presently in

the LGA.



7.2 Birds

Procellariidae (Petrels)

Short-tailed Shearwater (Puffinus tenuirostris): Vagrant. An old specimen was found in the grounds of Dame Eadith

Walker Hospital (Yaralla), Concord on 29.12.02. An oceanic species rarely found inland.

Anatidae (Ducks and Swans)

Grey Teal (Anas gracilis): Uncommon visitor to foreshore estuaries. Recorded at Rodd Point and Rhodes. No breeding

records. Numbers increase during drought periods. A maximum count of 11 birds was made at Halliday Park on 26.1.03.

Chestnut Teal (A. castanea): Moderately common resident of foreshore estuaries. Recorded at Rodd Point, Major's Bay,

Bray's Bay and Homebush Bay. The most abundant duck species recorded in LGA. No breeding records but high

probability that it will be recorded.

Pacific Black Duck (A. superciliosa): Uncommon resident of foreshore estuaries. Recorded at Rodd Point and Bray's

Bay. Four birds were present at Concord Golf Course on 6.2.03. No breeding records.

Australian Wood Duck (Chenonetta jubata): Locally common resident at Massey Park, Concord on the public golf course

and Concord Golf Course. This species was confirmed breeding on Concord Golf Course.

Hardhead (Aythya australis): Scarce resident. This species was recorded on one freshwater dam on Concord Golf

Course. Twelve birds were present on 6.2.03.

Podicipedidae (Grebes)

Australasian Grebe (Tachybaptus novaehollandiae): Scarce resident. This species was recorded only on freshwater

dams at Concord Golf Course where 4 birds were recorded on the 6.2.03.

Anhingidae (Darter)

Darter (Anhinga melanogaster): Uncommon resident in small numbers throughout foreshore estuaries. Not known to

breed in LGA but recorded breeding in Bicentennial Park just outside LGA. Recorded at Rodd Point, Major's Bay and Bray's

Bay.

Phalacrocoracidae (Cormorants)

Pied Cormorant (Phalacrocorax varius): Uncommon regular non-breeding visitor in small numbers to foreshore

estuaries. Recorded at Rodd Point, Major's Bay and Homebush Bay.

Little Pied Cormorant (P. melanoleucos): Moderately common non-breeding visitor to foreshore estuaries. Known to nest

in Bicentennial Park just outside LGA. Recorded at Rodd Point, Hen and Chicken Bay, Major's Bay, Yaralla Bay, Bray's Bay

and Homebush Bay.

Great Cormorant (P.carbo): Moderately common non-breeding visitor to foreshore estuaries. Recorded at Rodd Point,

Hen and Chicken Bay, Major's Bay and Homebush Bay. Known to nest in Bicentennial Park just outside LGA.

Little Black Cormorant (P. sulcirostris): Moderately common non-breeding visitor. Recorded from Rodd Point, Hen and

Chicken Bay, Major's Bay and Homebush Bay.



Pelecanidae (Pelicans)

Australian Pelican (Pelecanus conspicillatus): Moderately common non-breeding visitor to foreshore estuaries.

Recorded from Rodd Point to Homebush Bay.

Ardeidae (Herons)

White-faced Heron (Ardea novaehollandiae): Moderately common resident of foreshore estuaries. No breeding records.

This is the most common heron species in LGA. This species was recorded from Rodd Point to Homebush Bay.

Great Egret (A. alba): Scarce non-breeding visitor. Singles recorded in Yaralla Bay and Homebush Bay in this survey.

Striated Heron (Butorides striatus): Scarce resident in foreshore estuaries with dense Mangroves. Probably breeds in

mangrove areas but no confirmed records. Recorded at Rodd Point, Major's Bay, Bray's Bay and Homebush Bay. Highest

count in one day of four birds.

Nankeen Night Heron (Nycticorax caledonicus): Probably a scarce resident with only three records during this survey.

Single adults were seen on two occasions at Timbrell Park, Five Dock and one adult was seen at Walker St. Rhodes. A

secretive nocturnal species easily overlooked roosting in the day. All records were of adults seen at night whilst spotlighting.

Threskiornithidae (Ibis and Spoonbills)

Australian White Ibis (Threskiornis molucca): Common resident. Favours foreshore estuaries and large playing fields.

Actively scavenges for refuse and sometimes considered a pest species although it provides a valuable clean up service.

No confirmed breeding records.

Straw-necked Ibis (Threskiornis spinicollis): Rare visitor. Flock of eight birds seen in flight over Quarantine Bay Reserve

on 26.1.03 was an unusual near coastal sighting of this mostly western species.

Royal Spoonbill (Platalea regia): Scarce resident. Recorded at foreshore estuaries at Rodd Point, Bray's Bay and

Homebush Bay. No confirmed breeding records but spoonbills collecting sticks have been observed in Homebush Bay.

Generally only single birds or pairs observed.

Photo 9 White-faced Heron, the most common of four Heron species in the City of Canada Bay LGA



Photo 10 Australian White Ibis, a common resident in the Canada Bay LGA

Accipitridae (Hawks, Kites and Eagles)

Black-shouldered Kite (Elanus axillaris): Scarce resident. Only recorded in horse paddocks at Yaralla, Concord and

Powell's Creek Reserve, Concord West. No confirmed breeding records.

White-bellied Sea-Eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster): Scarce resident. Breeding pair known from Homebush Bay just

outside the LGA. Occasionally recorded further east. Observed during this survey over Powell's Creek Reserve.

Brown Goshawk (Accipiter fasciatus): Scarce resident-probably more common non-breeding visitor in winter months.

During this survey recorded from Powell's Creek Reserve, Concord West, and Walker St. Rhodes.

Falconidae (Falcons)

Australian Hobby (Falco longipennis): Scarce resident-visitor. During this survey, only record from Queen Street,

Concord West. This species is likely to be more frequent than this record suggests.

Peregrine Falcon (F. peregrinus): Scarce resident-visitor. During this survey the only record was from Rodd Point. This

species is likely to be more frequent than this record suggests.

Rallidae (Rails)

Dusky Moorhen (Gallinula tenebrosa): Scarce resident-visitor. This was species was only recorded from freshwater

dams on Concord Golf Course. Three birds were present on two dams on 6.2.03. A juvenile bird indicates this species

probably breeds here.

Eurasian Coot (Fulica atra): Scarce visitor. This species was only recorded at freshwater dams on Concord Golf Course.

Two birds were present on one dam on 6.2.03.

Scolopacidae (Sandpipers)

Latham's Snipe (Gallinago hardwickii): Scarce summer migrant. Flock of 18 reported by R. Lambeck from Henry Lawson

Park, Abbotsford on 13.1.02. Single flushed at night from wetland at Walker St, Rhodes on 3.2.03. A long distance

migratory species that breeds in Japan and winters in eastern Australia.



Bar-tailed Godwit (Limosa lapponica): Moderately common non-breeding visitor. The populations of Bar-tailed Godwits

have been monitored for several years and up to 350 individuals have been counted at high tide roosts in Cabarita. This is

the largest population of this long distance migratory shorebird known in Sydney. This population disperses at low tide to

feed along the estuary foreshores. Recorded from Rodd Point, Hen and Chicken Bay (Halliday Park, Prince Edward Park)

and Bray's Bay. Refer to shorebird conservation section for more information.

Common Greenshank (Tringa nebularia): Scarce non-breeding visitor. Single bird recorded at Bray's Bay Reserve on

25.1.03-3.2.03.

Grey-tailed Tattler (Heteroscelus brevipes): Scarce non-breeding visitor. Single bird amongst Bar-tailed Godwit high tide

roost at Prince Edward Park, Cabarita in 2001-2002 season. (P. Straw pers.comm.)

Curlew Sandpiper (Calidris ferruginea): Scarce non-breeding visitor. Single bird recorded at Bray's Bay Reserve on

25.1.03. Up to 10 birds recorded on occasion at Halliday Park particularly during migration (September-November). Four

birds present at Halliday Park on 26.1.03.

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper (Calidris acuminata): Scarce non-breeding visitor. Twelve birds present at high tide roost at

Halliday Park on 26.1.03.

Recurvirostridae (Stilts and Avocets)

Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus): Uncommon to scarce non-breeding visitor to foreshore estuaries. During

this survey recorded at Rodd Point, Halliday Park, Prince Edward Park, Bray's Bay and Homebush Bay. Maximum count

21 birds.

Charadriidae (Plovers)

Pacific Golden Plover (Pluvialis fulva): Scarce non-breeding visitor to foreshore estuaries. Declining species in Canada

Bay LGA (P. Straw pers. comm.) previously regularly recorded from Halliday Park, Canada Bay. Most recent record of a

single bird at Halliday Park on 26.1.03 during this survey was the first in several years.

Black-fronted Dotterel (Elseyornis melanops): Rare non-breeding visitor. Only two records both of a single bird from

Rodd Point. First recorded by A. Walker in July 02 and subsequently on 7.9.02 (M. Lord pers.comm.) This is a regular

species in flocks of up to 20 at Mason Park, just outside the LGA.

Masked Lapwing (Vanellus miles): Moderately common breeding resident.

Laridae (Skuas, Gulls and Terns)

Silver Gull (Larus novaehollandiae): Common non-breeding visitor though breeds on Cockatoo Island just outside LGA.

Large winter roosts on playing fields such as Timbrell Park, Five Dock.

Common Tern (Sterna hirundo): Scarce non-breeding visitor between October to April.

Crested Tern (S. bergii): Uncommon to scarce non-breeding visitor to foreshore estuaries. Recorded at Rodd Point, Hen

and Chicken Bay and Homebush Bay.

Columbidae (Pigeons and Doves)

*Rock Dove (Columba livia): Locally common breeding resident. Introduced pest species.



*Spotted Turtle-Dove (Streptopelia chinensis): Common breeding resident. During this survey recorded throughout LGA.

Crested Pigeon (Ocyphaps lophotes): Locally moderately common breeding resident. During this survey recorded from

Rodd Point, Massey Park, Concord Golf Course and Leed's St. Rhodes.

Topknot Pigeon (Lopholaimus antarcticus): Rare to scarce irregular non-breeding visitor. During this survey recorded

only from Rodd Point.

Cacatuidae (Cockatoos)

Yellow-tailed Black Cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus funereus): Uncommon to scarce non-breeding winter visitor. During

this survey recorded only in Concord.

Sulphur-crested Cockatoo (Cacatua galerita): Uncommon to moderately common breeding resident. Widespread in

small numbers throughout LGA. During this survey recorded from Rhodes, Concord West, Concord, Rodd Point and

Abbotsford. No confirmed breeding records.

Little Corella (C. sanguinea): Scarce to locally common breeding resident. During this survey this species was recorded at

Concord Shopping Area and Concord Golf Course (flock of 30). Not a native parrot in Sydney but established feral

populations present.

Long-billed Corella (C. tenuirostris): Possibly a scarce resident. Single bird observed in flock of Little Corella at Concord

Golf Course on 6.2.03.

Galah (C. roseicapilla): Uncommon breeding resident. This species is widespread in small numbers throughout LGA.

During this survey recorded from Rodd Point, Massey Park, Concord Golf Course, Concord West and Rhodes.

Psittacidae (Parrots and Lorikeets)

Rainbow Lorikeet (Trichoglossus haematodus): Common visitor. During this survey recorded throughout LGA. This

species is likely to breed and be present during all months of the year.

Musk Lorikeet (Glossopsitta concinna): Rare to scarce non-breeding irruptive visitor. Records from Major's Bay Reserve

and Five Dock.

Eastern Rosella (Platycercus eximius): Locally moderately common breeding resident. During this survey recorded from

Massey Park, Powell's Creek Reserve, Concord Golf Course, Major's Bay Reserve and Yaralla. Breeding recorded at

Yarralla.

Red-rumped Parrot (Psephotus haematonotus): Locally moderately common resident. During this survey recorded at

Massey Park, Concord Golf Course and Cintra Park. No breeding records confirmed but probably a breeding species in

LGA.

Cuculidae (Cuckoos)

Common Koel (Eudynamys scolopacea): Uncommon breeding summer migrant recorded from September to March.

During this survey recorded from Rodd Point, Yaralla and Concord West. Mostly hosted in Red Wattlebird nests.

Channel-billed Cuckoo (Scythrops novaehollandiae): Uncommon breeding summer migrant recorded from September

to February. During this survey recorded from Rodd Point and Yaralla, Concord. This species was recorded breeding at

Yaralla, (juvenile hosted in Pied Currawong nest).



Podargidae (Frogmouths)

Tawny Frogmouth (Podargus strigoides): Status uncertain. Considered to be a very local uncommon breeding resident.

Only definitely recorded at Yaralla (Dame Eadith Walker Hospital) and Major's Bay Reserve. Reported from Concord Golf

Course by

Apodidae (Swifts)

White-throated Needletail (Hirundapus caudacutus): Scarce non-breeding visitor. Only record of this species during this

survey was a single bird over Concord Golf Course on 6.2.03.

Halcyonidae (Kingfishers)

Laughing Kookaburra (Dacelo novaeguinae): Scarce breeding resident. Recorded during this survey from Major's Bay

Reserve. Nest with four chicks reported from Concord Golf Course.

Sacred Kingfisher (Todiramphus sanctus): Scarce summer migrant to foreshore estuary areas. Typically present from

October to March but likely to be present in very small numbers in winter. During this survey recorded from Bray's Bay,

Yaralla Bay and Powell's Creek Reserve.

Coraciidae (Rollers)

Dollarbird (Eurystomus orientalis): This species is either a scarce passage migrant or rare breeding summer migrant.

The only record of this species during the survey was of a single bird at Concord Golf Course on 6.2.03.

Maluridae (Australo-Papuan Wrens)

Superb Fairywren (Malurus cyaneus): Locally common breeding resident but absent from most urban areas. During this

survey recorded from Major's Bay, Yaralla, Bray's Bay, Walker St. Rhodes and Bicentennial Park.

Pardalotidae (Australo-Papuan Warblers)

Spotted Pardalote (Pardalotus punctatus): Scarce resident-visitor. Possibly breeds. During this survey recorded from

Powell's Creek Reserve, Bicentennial Park, Yaralla and Walker St. Rhodes.

White-browed Scrubwren (Sericornis frontalis): Very localised scarce breeding resident. During this survey recorded

only at Yaralla. Restricted to remnant bushland with dense weed understorey especially Lantana.

Yellow-rumped Thornbill (Acanthiza chrysorrhoa): Very localised scarce breeding resident. During this survey recorded

only from horse paddocks in Yaralla.

Yellow Thornbill (A. nana): Locally common breeding resident. During this survey recorded from Major's Bay, Yaralla,

Bray's Bay, Walker St. Rhodes and Bicentennial Park, Homebush Bay. Preferred habitat dense stands of Grey Mangrove

next to remnant bushland.

Meliphagidae (Honeyeaters)

Red Wattlebird (Anthochaera carunculata): Moderately common breeding resident. This species was widespread,

recorded throughout the LGA. It was confirmed breeding at Rodd Point.

Little Wattlebird (A. chrysoptera): Locally moderately common breeding resident. During this survey recorded at Timbrell

Park, Five Dock and Powell's Creek Reserve. It was confirmed breeding at Timbrell Park.



Noisy Miner (Manorina melanotis): Common breeding resident throughout the LGA. Dominant honeyeater present in

nearly every park. Aggressively attacks small native passerine birds. This species is responsible for decreased biodiversity

of bushbirds in urban Sydney.

White-plumed Honeyeater (Lichenostomus penicillatus): Locally moderately common breeding resident. This species

was patchily distributed but widespread throughout LGA. During this survey recorded at Rodd Point, Yaralla, Walker St.

Rhodes, Massey Park and Cintra Park. Breeding confirmed at Rodd Point.

New Holland Honeyeater (Phylidonyris novaehollandiae): Locally moderately common breeding resident. This species

was patchily distributed but widespread throughout LGA. During this survey recorded from Powell's Creek Reserve,

Concord West and Walker St. Rhodes. During this survey there was some evidence of decline in the LGA.

White-cheeked Honeyeater (P. nigra): Very local scarce probable breeding resident. During this survey recorded only at

Yaralla (Dame Eadith Walker Hospital).

Dicruridae (Drongos and Monarch Flycatchers)

Magpie-lark (Grallina cyanoleuca): Common breeding resident found throughout the LGA.

Black-faced Monarch (Monarcha melanopsis): Occasional spring passage migrant recorded once in Concord West (J.

Harrington pers.comm.) and once in mangrove forests in Bicentennial Park (pers.obs).

Grey Fantail (Rhipidura fuliginosa): Very local rare breeding resident. Adult with dependent juvenile observed at Yaralla

(Dame Eadith Walker Hospital) on 25.1.03. Possibly more widespread in winter when non-breeding birds disperse from the

Great Dividing Range.

Willie Wagtail (R. leucophrys): Moderately common breeding resident found throughout the LGA.

Campephagidae (Cuckoo-shrikes)

Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike (Coracina novaehollandiae): Moderately common breeding resident. Widespread visitor

throughout LGA. During this survey recorded from Rodd Point, Concord Golf Course, Yaralla, Bray's Bay Reserve, Powell's

Creek Reserve and Walker St. Rhodes.

Oriolidae (Orioles)

Figbird (Sphecotheres viridis): Moderately common breeding resident widespread in the LGA. This species is more

conspicuous and abundant in summer than winter. During this survey recorded at Rodd Point, Massey Park, Yaralla, Bray's

Bay Reserve and Walker St. Rhodes.

Artamidae (Woodswallows, Butcherbirds, Currawongs)

Grey Butcherbird (Cracticus torquatus): Locally moderately common breeding resident. During this survey recorded

from Prince Edward Park, Cabarita; Quarantine Reserve, Abbotsford; Bray's Bay Reserve, Concord; Powell's Creek

Reserve, Concord West and Concord Golf Course. Breeding confirmed at Prince Edward Park.

Australian Magpie (Gymnorhina tibicen): Common widespread breeding resident found throughout LGA.

Pied Currawong (Strepera graculina): Common breeding resident found throughout the LGA. This species is often

considered a pest because of its predatory behaviour on small bird nests and that its population has increased enormously



following benefits from suburban landscape change. Populations of this species increase in winter months as birds disperse

to the coast from the Great Dividing Range. Breeding confirmed at Yaralla.

Corvidae (Crows and Ravens)

Australian Raven (Corvus coronoides): Moderately common widespread breeding resident found throughout LGA.

Passeridae (Grassfinches)

*House Sparrow (Passer domesticus): Common breeding resident widespread throughout the LGA. Sometimes

considered a pest species and competes with native seed-eating birds.

Double-barred Finch (Taenopygia bichenovii): Very localised possible breeding resident recorded only in Walker St.

Rhodes.

Red-browed Finch (Neochmia temporalis): Very localised breeding resident recorded only in Yaralla (Dame Eadith

Walker Hospital) and Walker St. Rhodes.

Fringillidae (Old World Finches)

*European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis): Scarce breeding resident recorded at Rodd Point, Yaralla (Dame Eadith

Walker Hospital) and Walker St. Rhodes.

Dicaeidae (Flowerpeckers)

Mistletoebird (Dicaeum hirundinaceum): Scarce breeding resident recorded at Lovedale Place and Yaralla (Dame Eadith

Walker Hospital). Dependent upon the presence of native Mistletoe plants.

Hirundinidae (Swallows)

Welcome Swallow (Hirundo neoxena): Moderately common widespread breeding resident.

Fairy Martin (H. ariel): Very localised erratic breeding migrant recorded nesting under bridge over channel on Timbrell

Drive, Timbrell Park in 2001-2002. Not present in 2002-2003 breeding season.

Pycnonotidae (Bulbuls)

*Red-whiskered Bulbul (Pycnonotus jocosus): Moderately common breeding resident, widespread through the LGA.

Sylvidae (Old World Warblers)

Golden-headed Cisticola (Cisticola exilis): Very local rare probable breeding resident. Only recorded in wetland grass

vegetation at Walker St. Rhodes

Zosteropidae (White-eyes)

Silvereye (Zosterops lateralis): Locally moderately common breeding resident found throughout the LGA. Population

increases in winter with non-breeding migrants dispersing from south-eastern Australia.

Muscicapidae (Thrushes)

*Common Blackbird (Turdus merula): Locally moderately common breeding resident. During this survey recorded from

Rodd Point, Yaralla and Powell's Creek Reserve.



Sturnidae (Starlings)

*Common Starling (Sturnus vulgaris): Common breeding resident found throughout the LGA. Pest species.

*Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis): Common widespread breeding resident. Pest species.

7.3 Reptiles and Amphibians

Chelidae (Freshwater Turtles)

Eastern Longneck Turtle (Chelodina longicollis): Very locally moderately common on freshwater dams on Concord Golf

Course. Two individuals were seen on two dams on 6.2.03.

Agamidae (Dragon Lizards)

Coastal Bearded Dragon (Pogona barbata): Very localised possibly extinct resident. Single record of individual found by

bush regenerators in remnant Sydney Turpentine-Ironbark forest-woodland in Queen Elizabeth Park, Concord in 2000

(Diana Kureen pers.comm.). This species has disappeared from much of Sydney due to habitat destruction.

Scincidae (Skinks)

Delicate Garden Skink (Lampropholis delicata): Widespread locally common breeding resident. During this survey

recorded from Quarantine Reserve, Yaralla, Walker St. Rhodes.

Garden Skink (L. guichenoti): Locally common in Arthur Walker Reserve, Major's Bay in woodland remnant.

Eastern Bluetongue (Tiliqua scincoides): Localised scarce breeding resident. During this survey recorded from Yaralla

(pers. obs) and Concord West (J. Harrington pers. comm.) Also reported from Concord Golf Course.

Water Skink (Eulamprus quoyii): Locally common breeding resident. During this survey recorded from Major's Bay

Reserve, Yaralla, Bray's Bay Reserve (including Kokoda Track Memorial Walkway) and Walker St. Rhodes.

Bar-sided Skink (E. tenuis): Localised scarce breeding resident. During this survey recorded only from old growth Grey

Mangrove forest at Yaralla (Dame Eadith Walker Hospital).

Fence Skink (Cryptoblepharus virgatus): Widespread locally common breeding resident. During this survey recorded at

Major's Bay Reserve, Yaralla and Bray's Bay Reserve.

Myobatrachidae (Southern Frogs)

Common Eastern Froglet (Crinia signifera): Local common breeding resident. During this survey recorded only from

Walker St. Rhodes. Up to 100 males have been heard calling from this site.

Brown-striped Marsh Frog (Limnodynastes peronii): Local common breeding resident. During this survey recorded from

Walker St. Rhodes (where up to 20 males have been heard calling) and the Arthur Walker Reserve where one individual

was located under a piece of ground timber.

Hylidae (Tree Frogs)

TS Green and Golden Bell Frog (Litoria aurea): This species is listed as Threatened in the NSW Threatened Species

Conservation Act 1995 and Vulnerable in the National Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999. The

only recent record of small population breeding in private property (disused swimming pool) in Queen St. Concord West in

1998 (A. White pers.comm.) Historically a large population was known from Mason Park just outside the LGA in Strathfield

LGA. Some of the largest surviving populations exist on the west side of Homebush Bay just beyond this LGA. It is possible



that this threatened species occurs at Walker St. Rhodes at an ephemeral wetland. Drought conditions that existed during

this survey hampered targeted surveys for this species. Recommend targeted survey during thunderstorm rainfall in

November to January.

Bleating Tree Frog (L. dentata): Recorded from Bicentennial Park but no confirmed records during this survey from LGA.

Likely to be present at Concord Golf Course and Walker St. Rhodes.

Dwarf Tree Frog (Litoria fallax): Recorded at Concord Golf Course where at least 20 individuals could be heard calling at

night on 3.2.03.

Peron's Tree Frog (L. peronii): Recorded from Bicentennial Park and Concord Golf Course. At least 10 individuals could

be heard calling on 3.2.03 at Concord Golf Course.



8. Appendix

8.1 Species Not Recorded From this Survey but Known in LGA Bordering the City of Canada Bay

Species are only listed here if the author feels there is a high probability of these species being recorded in the Canada Bay

LGA. Many shorebirds and waterbirds have been recorded from Bicentennial Park but because of the lack of suitable

freshwater wetlands are unlikely to be recorded in the Canada Bay LGA.

Brown Quail (Coturnix ypsilophora): Regularly recorded at Mason Park;

Whistling Kite (Haliastur sphenurus): Rare visitor to Bicentennial Park and Lewisham;

Nankeen Kestrel (Falco cenchroides): Occasional visitor to Bicentennial Park and Lewisham;

Caspian Tern (Sterna caspia): Occasional visitor to Homebush Bay and Greenwich;

Horsfield's Bronze-cuckoo (Chrysococcyx basalis): Regular breeding migrant to Bicentennial Park;

Southern Boobook (Ninox novaeseelandiae): Recorded in Lewisham and Glebe;

Barn Owl (Tyto alba): Occasional generally winter visitor to Bicentennial Park. Recorded also in Glebe and Hunter's

Hill;

Striated Pardalote (Pardalotus striatus): Rare passage migrant recorded in Bicentennial Park and Lewisham;

Mangrove Gerygone (Gerygone levigaster): Rare visitor to extensive mangrove forests in Bicentennial Park;

Yellow-faced Honeyeater (Lichenostomus chrysops): Regular passage migrant recorded in Lewisham and Bicentennial

Park;

Rufous Whistler (Pachycephala rufiventris): Occasional spring migrant recorded in Bicentennial Park;

Leaden Flycatcher (Myiagra rubecula): Occasional spring migrant recorded in Bicentennial Park;

Rufous Fantail (Rhipidura rufifrons): Occasional spring passage migrant recorded in Petersham and Hunter's Hill;

Olive-backed Oriole (Oriolus sagittatus): Occasional visitor recorded in Lewisham and Bicentennial Park;

Richard's Pipit (Anthus novaeseelandiae): Recorded occasionally on playing fields at Burroway Road, Homebush;

*Nutmeg Mannikin (Lonchura punctulata): Recorded regularly at Mason Park, Strathfield; and

Tree Martin (Hirundo nigricans): Occasional passage migrant recorded in Lewisham and Bicentennial Park.



9. References Christidis, L. & Boles, W.E. (1994) The Taxonomy and Species of Birds in Australia and its Territories, RAOU

Monograph 2, RAOU Melbourne

Cogger, H.G., (1994) Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, Reed Books, Australia

Hoye, G., (2002) Baseline Survey for Microchiropteran Bats of the Sydney Olympic Parklands, Homebush Bay NSW

Unpublished report for the Sydney Olympics Park Authority

Priest, B., Straw, P. & Weston, M. (2002) Shorebird Conservation in Australia, Wingspan Vol. 12, No. 4

Strahan, R. (ed) (1983) The Australian Museum Complete Book of Australian Mammals, Angus & Robertson, Sydney

White, A. (2001) Willoughby Fauna Study 2001-A Snapshot of Willoughby?s Wildlife, Report to Willoughby Council

1a Marlborough Street, Drummoyne NSW 2047

Tel 9911 6555 Fax 9911 6550 www.canadabay.nsw.gov.au

FAUNA SURVEY 2002 - 2003 - Home - City of Canada Bay Council

Documents

Transcript of FAUNA SURVEY 2002 - 2003 - Home - City of Canada Bay Council