Extrusion and Drawing Manufacturing Processes. Outline Extrusion Extrusion of Metals Extrusion...
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Transcript of Extrusion and Drawing Manufacturing Processes. Outline Extrusion Extrusion of Metals Extrusion...
Extrusion and Extrusion and DrawingDrawing
Manufacturing Manufacturing ProcessesProcesses
OutlineOutline
ExtrusionExtrusion
Extrusion of MetalsExtrusion of Metals
Extrusion DefectsExtrusion Defects
Extrusion EquipmentExtrusion Equipment
Extrusion of NonmetalsExtrusion of Nonmetals
DrawingDrawing
Drawing ProcessDrawing Process
Drawing EquipmentDrawing Equipment
ExtrusionExtrusion
A compression process in which A compression process in which the material is forced to flow the material is forced to flow through an opening to produce through an opening to produce a shape with a specific cross-a shape with a specific cross-sectionsection
pump
input
dieproduct
Examples of Extruded Examples of Extruded PartsParts
ExtrusionExtrusion
MetalsMetals
NonmetalsNonmetals
Metal ExtrusionMetal Extrusion
Direct ExtrusionDirect Extrusion
A ram compresses the A ram compresses the material, forcing it through the material, forcing it through the diedie
Indirect ExtrusionIndirect Extrusion
The die is mounted on the ram; The die is mounted on the ram; the material is forced out in the the material is forced out in the opposite direction of the ram opposite direction of the ram movementmovement
Direct ExtrusionDirect Extrusion
Indirect ExtrusionIndirect Extrusion
ExtrusionExtrusion
ExtrusionExtrusion
Metal FlowMetal Flow
Example of an Example of an Extrusion MachineExtrusion Machine
ExtrusionExtrusion
ExtrusionExtrusion
Hot ExtrusionHot Extrusion
Involves pre-heating the Involves pre-heating the material above the material above the recrystallization temperature to recrystallization temperature to increase ductilityincrease ductility
Cold ExtrusionCold Extrusion
Does not pre-heat material; Does not pre-heat material; used to produce parts in used to produce parts in finished or near-finished formfinished or near-finished form
ExtrusionExtrusion
Cold extrusion advantages:Cold extrusion advantages:- Improved mechanical Improved mechanical
properties from work-hardeningproperties from work-hardening- Good control of dimensional Good control of dimensional
tolerancestolerances- Improved surface finish (no Improved surface finish (no
oxide film)oxide film)- No heating requiredNo heating required- Competitive production rates Competitive production rates
and costsand costs
Extruded MetalsExtruded Metals
Typical extruded metals (hot or Typical extruded metals (hot or cold)cold)
Aluminum, copper, magnesium, Aluminum, copper, magnesium, zinc, tin and alloys of thesezinc, tin and alloys of these
Steel alloys are usually extruded Steel alloys are usually extruded hot; softer steels may be hot; softer steels may be extruded coldextruded cold
Others such as titanium and Others such as titanium and refractory metals may be refractory metals may be extruded, but with difficultyextruded, but with difficulty
Extruded MetalsExtruded Metals
Extrusion Temperature RangesExtrusion Temperature Ranges
LeadLead 200-250 °C200-250 °C
Aluminum and its alloysAluminum and its alloys 375-475 °C375-475 °C
Copper and its alloysCopper and its alloys 650-975 °C 650-975 °C
SteelsSteels 875-1300 °C 875-1300 °C
Refractory alloysRefractory alloys 975-2200 °C 975-2200 °C
Extrusion DefectsExtrusion Defects
Extrusion DiesExtrusion Dies
Extrusion DiesExtrusion Dies
Example of an Example of an Extrusion DieExtrusion Die
Extrusion of NonmetalsExtrusion of Nonmetals
MaterialsMaterialsrubberrubber
plasticplastic
solventssolvents
candy candy
glassglass
ProductsProductswindow sealswindow seals
door sealsdoor seals
hose and tubinghose and tubing
wire insulationwire insulation
candy canescandy canes
Hot Feed and Cold Hot Feed and Cold Feed ExtrusionFeed Extrusion
Heating/melting
Ribbon Pellets
Cold Feed Extrusion
Hot Feed Extrusion
Temperature zones
Extrusion of NonmetalsExtrusion of Nonmetals
candy
cone rollers
Candy Canes
Extrusion of NonmetalsExtrusion of Nonmetals
Window Seals
Cold Feed Extrusion
takeaway belt
windupdie
extruder
input
die
Extrusion of NonmetalsExtrusion of Nonmetals
die
cutting and
sealing
air
extruder
Plastic Bags
Example of a Dual Example of a Dual Extruded ProductExtruded Product
Dual ExtrusionDual Extrusion
Opposed Head
die
extruder extruder
extruder
extruder
Piggy Back
die
Dual Extrusion – White Dual Extrusion – White Side WallSide Wall
White rubber dieBlack rubber die
Exit die
Wire, Tube, Bar, Rod Wire, Tube, Bar, Rod DrawingDrawing
Extrusion pushes the material Extrusion pushes the material through the die; drawing pulls through the die; drawing pulls the material through the diethe material through the die
DrawingDrawing
ProductsProducts
electrical wireelectrical wire
cablecable
wire stock for fences, hangers, wire stock for fences, hangers, shopping carts etc.shopping carts etc.
rod stock for nails, screws, rod stock for nails, screws, rivets, springs etc.rivets, springs etc.
metal barsmetal bars
Drawing ProcessDrawing Process
Advantages:Advantages:- Close dimensional controlClose dimensional control- Good surface finishGood surface finish- Improved strength and hardnessImproved strength and hardness- Adaptability to mass productionAdaptability to mass production
Drawing of a WireDrawing of a Wire
DrawingDrawing
DrawingDrawing
Preparation of the work material:Preparation of the work material:
1.1. AnnealingAnnealing
2.2. CleaningCleaning
3.3. PointingPointing
Single and Multi Stage Single and Multi Stage DrawingDrawing
GoldGold
Gold is the most ductile metal Gold is the most ductile metal that exists.that exists.
4 pounds of gold can be drawn 4 pounds of gold can be drawn into a wire that stretches into a wire that stretches across the country.across the country.
Tube and Bar DrawingTube and Bar Drawing
Draw Bench Production Draw Bench Production ProcessProcess
SummarySummary
Extrusion and drawing provide Extrusion and drawing provide ways to form shapes with ways to form shapes with uniform cross sections at high uniform cross sections at high production ratesproduction rates