Extending Beyond Psychodynamics How Our Personal Identity is Formed.
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Transcript of Extending Beyond Psychodynamics How Our Personal Identity is Formed.
Psychology: PersonalityExtending Beyond Psychodynamics
How Our Personal Identity is Formed
Personality, What is it? Personality
It is an individual’s characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
IOW it is comprised of characteristics/behaviours that make everyone unique
Personality is shaped by our environment & genetics Our past experience shapes our personality & specifically how we respond in
specific situations
All people demonstrate traits Traits are predispositions to behave in a certain way in a given situation
Animals appear to demonstrate personality traits however, they act according to the conditioning they undergo Conditioning is a type of learning in which the subject responds to a
stimulus in a way that normally does not bring about that response Conditioning will be discussed more specifically during our next lesson on
Behaviourism
Categorizing PersonalityCategorizing personality
types began in ancient GreeceCategorized in terms of the
humors (aka body fluids)Greeks classified personality
according to the idea that ppl had excessive amounts of 1
Modern psychologists have their own theories & use tests to categorize personality
Blood = optimistic
Yellow = irritableBlack = depressed
Phlegm = calm/unemotional
Jung on Personality Jung categorized all PPL based on
the following;Introverted or ExtrovertedFunction Types (4)
Thinking (uses reason) Feeling (uses emotions) Sensation (uses the senses) Intuition (uses perception)
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) was a test developed to determine personality based off of Jung’s ideas
In fact, you probably already did one in GR 10 Careers Either the CDN Personality
Dimensions or US True Colors Tests
Take Out Your iPadGo to
http://www.humanmetrics.com/CGI-WIN/JTYPES1.HTM
Or Google – Human Metrics Personality Test
What type of Personality do you have?
Criticisms of the MBTI & other TestsMBTI is believed to be accurate in determining the
introversion/extroversion portion of personalityLess accurate relating to its other scales, WHY?Think about your responses
PPL can fake themPPL can rush through instead of reflecting properlyPPL can misread/misunderstand questions
Tests need to take this into consideration when they are developed to determine if answers could be faked or exaggerated
A closer look at our VERTEDnessExtroversion: directing one’s interests
outward, especially towards social contacts
Introversion: directing one’s interests inward, away from social contacts
Neuroticism: is a personality trait that describes a person’s stability in terms of their ability to deal with stress, anxiety, moodiness, jealousy & envy.
The Big Five TheoryContemporary theorists believe that every individual
posses a mix of each of the following traits however, one side is more dominant than others. Which are you?
THE BIG FIVE
Trait Dimension Description
Openness Imaginative/independent vs. practical/conforming
Conscientiousness Organized/careful vs. disorganized/careless
Extroversion Outgoing/energetic vs. shy/reserved
Agreeableness Friendly/helpful vs. cold/unkind
Neuroticism Anxious/insecure vs. calm/secure
The Big Five TheoryOften people are classified as Type A or Type B – the following are the two prototypical personality types. People are a mix of these traits though
Personality Type A Personality Type B Unstable
Worrying, vulnerable, self-pitying, impatient
Extrovert Sociable, fun loving, talkative,
spontaneous Open to Experience
Imaginative, independent, curious, broad interests
Agreeable Courteous, selfless, trusting, co-
operative Undirected
Careless, undependable, lax, aimless
Stable Calm, hardy, self-satisfied, patient
Introvert Reserved, sober, quiet, self-
controlled Not open to Experience
Unimaginative, conforming, incurious, narrow interests
Antagonistic Rude, selfish, suspicious, unco-
operative Conscientious
Careful, reliable, persevering, ambitious
Let’s Assess this Guy
The Big Five TheoryWhat would personality theorists say about Cookie Monster’s personality?
Personality Type A Personality Type B Unstable
Worrying, vulnerable, self-pitying, impatient
Extrovert Sociable, fun loving, talkative,
spontaneous Open to Experience
Imaginative, independent, curious, broad interests
Agreeable Courteous, selfless, trusting, co-
operative Undirected
Careless, undependable, lax, aimless
Stable Calm, hardy, self-satisfied,
patient Introvert
Reserved, sober, quiet, self-controlled
Not open to Experience Unimaginative, conforming,
incurious, narrow interests Antagonistic
Rude, selfish, suspicious, unco-operative
Conscientious Careful, reliable, persevering,
ambitious
Determining Personality & BehaviourPsychologists use a technique called factor
analysis
Factor analysis: a statistical technique that identifies patterns of related test items (factors)
Subjects respond to a series of written questions that ask how they would react in a hypothetical situation
Psychologists look for patterns when analyzing the data
Using these patterns, they make predictions of how personality & behaviour are linked