EXPLORING

GERUNDS WITH

DORA

ENERGIZER:IDENTIFY THE POSITION OF THE FOLLOWING GERUNDS.

1. TRAVELING WITH FRIENDS IS A GREAT JOY.SUBJECT

2.MEYER ENJOYS READING GOOD

STORIES.DIRECT OBJECT

T.V.

3. FRANCIS JERI-CHO’S FAVORITE PASTIME IS EATING.PREDICATE NOMINATIVE

4. JOSHUA BEGAN BY SPEAKING TO THE LEADER OF THE GROUP.OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION

5. MY ASSIGNED TASK, TEACHING STUDENTS, KEPT ME BUSY.APPOSITIVE

6. LOVING IS GIVING.

PRED. NOM.

7.ON THEIR TRIP RUTHERFORD DISCOVERED SNORKELING.DIRECT OBJECT

T.V.

8.ANGELO ROGEL’S ALIBI GIVES TESTIFYING A NEW LIGHT.INDIRECT OBJ.

T.V.

D.O.

9. AFTER THREE HOURS, SHEKAI-NAH WAS TIRED OF STUDYING.OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITION

10. DALTON HAS A NEW HOBBY, SOLVING.APPOSITIVE

LESSON PROPER:

OVERVIEW

function as a noun, adjective and adverb.

VERBALS

a form of a verb ending in "-ing" used as a noun, e.g. "dancing" in “He teaches dancing.“

VERBALS

The term verbal indicates that a gerund, like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or a state of being.

However, since a gerund functions as a noun, it occu-pies some posi-tions in a sentence that a noun ordinarily would,

for example: subject, D.O., I.O., subject complement, and object of preposition.

I AM WALKING

HOME.VERB

ELLA,WALKING HOME, SAW AN OWL.PARTICIPLE

WALKING CAN BE FUN.GERUND(SUBJ.)

(SUBJECT)

VERB, PARTICIPLE OR GERUND?

WORDS ENDING IN –ING THAT ACT AS A NOUN, DO NOT HAVE HELPING VERBS NOR ACT AS ADJECTIVE IS A GERUND.

FORMING GERUNDS

There are a few spelling rules that you need to know in order to form gerunds correctly. The spelling of a gerund depends on the vowels (a, e, i, o, u) and consonants (b, c, d etc.) at the end of the verb:

If there is more than one conso-nant, just add -ING:

think + ing = thinking

If there is more than one vowel, just add -ING:

beat + ing = beating

If there is one vowel and one consonant,and the syllable is stressed, double the consonant and add -ING:

hit + t + ing = hitting

If there are one or more consonants and E, remove the E and add -ING:

take + ing = taking

In most other cases, just add -ING:

study + ing = studying

see + ing = seeing

USES OF GERUNDS

1. AS SUBJECTGerunds —referring to activities

EX. Trading on eBay is another way of buying and selling things.

2. AS DIRECT OBJECT:Gerunds - expressing attitudes about activities.

 

•DIRECT OBJECTword affected by verb: the word or phrase in a sentence that indicates somebody or something directly affected by the action of the verb,e.g."cat" in “She fed the cat.“

EX1. Janus enjoys playing soccer. EX2. Are you afraid of losing?

 

T.V.

T.V.

3. AS OBJECT OF THE PREPOSITIONEX1. Aldrin worries about making deadlines.

2.He talks about leaving.

3.He accused us of complaining.

4.He keeps on making trouble.

4. AFTER INDIRECT OBJECTS

Gerunds - expressing gratitude, apology, disappointment and opinion about other people's activities.

 

•INDIRECT OBJECTperson or thing action is done to: the recipient of the action shown by a verb and its direct object, e.g. "the cat" in "She gave the cat a meal”.

INDIRECT OBJECT ANSWERS:

TO/FOR WHOM?FOR WHAT?

•BOUGHT FOR WHOM? = PARENTS

JOSHUA BOUGHT HIS PARENTS A PRESENT.

(T.VERB)

(D.O)

•AFTER CERTAIN VERBS INDIRECT OBJECTS ARE EXPRESSED AS:

1. I thanked him for fixing my door.

2. I appreciate his fixing my door. 

5. AS INDIRECT OBJECTS

1. MARISTELLA PERCIEVE READING AS WASTE OF TIME.

2. JEWEL GAVE SOLVING A NEW PERSPECTIVE. 

6. AS SUBJECT COMPLEMENT:

1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping.

2. Ellaine’s ambition is becoming the first junior grandmaster.

3. ONE GREAT EXERCISE IS BIKING.

4. THE PURPOSE OF ORAL RECITATION IS DEVELOPING COMMUNI-CATION SKILLS AMONG JUNIOR STUDENTS.

7. AS APPOSITIVE1. ARRIANNE HAS A NEW FOUND GLORY, SURFING.

2. DIANA RIZZ’S WISH, TRAVELLING ABROAD, WAS REALIZED AFTER GRADUATION.

3. ABIGAIL’S MAIN OBJECTIVE, HELPING HER FAILING CLASSMATE, IS A FORM OF CHARITY.

4. KARINAZAY’S DREAM, ENTERING U.P. , MATERIA-LIZED WHEN SHE PASSED THE UPCAT.

GERUND PHRASEA Gerund Phrase is a group of words consisting of a gerund and the modifier

and/or pronoun or noun phrase that function as the direct object, indirect object, or complement of the action or state expressed in the gerund.

A. THE GERUND PHRASE

FUNCTIONS AS THE SUBJECT OF THE

SENTENCE.

Finding a needle in a haystack would be easier than finding the value of N.

Finding - gerunda needle - direct object of action expressed in gerund

in a haystack – prepo-sitional phrase as adverb

B. AS THE DIRECT

OBJECT OF THE VERB

I hope that you appreciate my offering you this opportunity.

my - possessive pro-noun adjective form,

offering - gerundyou -indirect object this opportunity -direct object

C. AS THE SUBJECT

COMPLEMENT OF NOUN

oBeing the boss made Ryner feel uneasy.

Being -gerundthe boss -subject complement for Ryner , via state of being expressed in gerund.

Lester's favorite tactic has been lying to his consti-tuents.

lying to-gerund

His constituents -direct object

D. AS THE OBJECT OF

THE PREPOSITION

Ryan might get in trouble for faking an illness to avoid work.

faking -gerundan illness -direct object to avoid work – in-finitive phrase as adverb

OTHER USES of gerunds

BY - MEANSGerunds —stating means

How?with a knifeby  using a knife

Q: How do you stay in shape?

A: Rockwell stays in shape by working out.

FOR - FUNCTIONSGerunds — stating function, purpose and means

What for?to cut (purpose)for cutting (function)

Q: What's it for? A: for tying boxes.Q: How do you close boxes?

A: by using string.

•Points to remember:1. A gerund is a verbal ending in-ing that is used as a noun.

2. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus modifiers, objects, and/or complements.

3. Gerunds and gerund phrases virtually never require punctuation.

GRAMMAR DRILLS:IDENTIFY THE USES OF THE FF. GERUNDS

1. PERFORMING A SPEECH IS A RE-QUIREMENT FOR PUBLIC SPEAKING.SUBJECT

3.AT THE AGE OF ONE ANGELICA BEGAN WALKING.DIRECT OBJECT

(T.VERB)

4.SMOKING IS DANGEROUS FOR YOUR HEALTH.SUBJECT

5.ON SUMMER NIGHTS, THE FAMILY ENJOYS PICKNICKING.DIRECT OBJECT

(T.VERB)

6. ONE OF ALEXIS’ PA SSION IS PAINTING.PREDICATE NOM.

7. MERI MAE’S MAIN PASTIME, CHATTING, PRE-VENTS BOREDOM.APPOSITIVE

8. VINCE CONSI-DER HIS PASSING A BIRTHDAY PRESENT.INDIRECT OBJECT

(D.O.)

(T.VERB)(I.O.)

9. STEPHANIE LOVED EXCITE-MENT AND HUNTING.DIRECT OBJECT

(T.VERB)

10.WILHELM GAVE HIS DRAWING A FRESH COAT OF PAINT.INDIRECT OBJECT

(D.O.

)

(T.VER

B)(I.O.)

11. TRICIA’S PARENTS FOR- BADE SHOUTING IN THE HOUSE.

DIRECT OBJECT

(T.VER

B)

12.JOSEF GAVE HIS FOLLIES AND FAILING A LAST GLANCE.INDIRECT OBJECT

(D.O)

(T.V

)

(I.O.)

13. THE LOUD IRREGULAR SNORING ANNOYED JHOANNA.SUBJECT

14. GERLAN’S INDULGENCE WAS SHOWERING LEISURELY.PREDICATE NOM.

15. NO ONE ENJOYS LOSING.

DIRECT OBJECT

(T.VERB)

COMPLETE THE SENTENCE USING

GERUND.

ACTIVITY 2.

YOUR RESPONSE:What's this little gadget for?

It‘s ________________ the number of footsteps you take and distance your travel while exercising.

IMAGE:

for measuring

YOUR RESPONSE:How do you use a pedometer?

You use it ______________ it onto your waistband.

IMAGE:

by attaching

YOUR RESPONSE:How do you mea-sure how many steps you take while jogging?

I do it__________a pedometer. 

IMAGE:

by using

•Student’s Note:Please check the box after the lesson.

I still do not understandNow I under-stand what the lesson is all about.

•What I think about the things to do?

Easy Difficult

•For this lesson, I want to study it…

Alone.With one of my classmatesto work with.Within the group.

BIBLIOGRAPHYhttp://www.chompchomp.com/terms/gerund.htm

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerund

http://www.englishclub.com/grammar/verbs-gerunds.htm

THANK YOU!NEXT TOPIC:PARTICIPLE