EXPECTATIONS OF A DATA TABLE AND

GRAPH

DATA TABLE Place to Record and Organize data Read Procedure to Determine Parameters Initial Column is Independent Variable – Label!

Set information prior to experiment“X” Axis

Subsequent Columns are Dependent Variable-Label!“Depends” on outcome of experiment “Y” Axis Number Fish Caught

During Three Day TripDAYS # Fish Caught

123

245

NOW GRAPH IT!

Number of Days FishingDay1 Day

2Day 3

Num

ber

of F

ish

Caug

ht1

2

3

4

5

Number of Fish Caught per Day on Three Day Fishing

Trip

1. Neat, legible writinga) Includes all words and numbers

2. Lines Drawn with a Ruler!3. Title of Graph

a) Reflects information displayed4. Key to Explain Data

a) Explains colors or shading used 5. Use Graph (or Lined) Paper 6. Use a Ruler for ALL Lines

Drawn1. Includes Data Tables and Graphs

ALL GRAPHS SHOULD…

GRAPHS WITH “X” AND “Y” AXIS Title “X” Axis which is Independent

VariableSet information prior to experimentTime, Date...

Title “Y” axis which is Dependant Variable“Depends” on outcome of experiment Quantity or amount...

Label units of “X” and “Y” axis Centimeters? Days? Months? Hours?

 

WHICH GRAPH DO I USE?

Histogram Circle Graph

Line GraphBar Graph

LINE GRAPHS  Display data or information that changes continuously over time

Shows overall trends in data over time

Use different colors for each line

LINE GRAPH EXAMPLEMonthly Days On Market For County

Day

s on

M

arke

t

Months

BAR GRAPHS Compare quantities in different categories or groups

See relationships quickly Each bar MUST be equal in width/units Change in scale may alter visual perception of data

Color or shade each bar

BAR GRAPH EXAMPLE

Exhibits in Museum

Med

ian

Tim

es in

M

inut

esVisitor Time in

Minutes

HISTOGRAMS Looks Similar to Bar Graph Plot quantitative data with ranges of

data grouped into “bins or intervals”Examples: Weights or Heights of population

Examples: Number of Visitors in Continuous Time Period

Each bar MUST be equal in width/units Bars Must be Continuous and Stay in

Order!

HISTOGRAM EXAMPLEPe

rcen

t of

To

tal

Visitor Time in Minutes

Percentage of People Visiting Museum

within a 10 Minute Span over Total 80

Minutes

CIRCLE GRAPHS OR “PIE CHARTS”  Shows quick picture of data based on percentage of 100

Data ordered from greatest to least in clockwise directionAll sections added together MUST equal 100%

Color/shade each section differently

CIRCLE GRAPH EXAMPLE

LET’S PRACTICE!Suppose I offered to buy donuts for six people and three said they wanted chocolate covered, two said plain and one said with icing sugar.

1. Create a Data table2. Create an Appropriate Graph

DOES YOUR TABLE LOOK LIKE THIS?Donut Choices of People Interviewed

Type of DonutsChocolate Plain Icing Sugar

Person 1 xPerson 2 xPerson 3 xPerson 4 xPerson 5 xPerson 6 xWhat type of graph would

you use? Bar GraphWhat is the “X” axis? The “y” axis?

DOES YOUR GRAPH LOOK LIKE THIS?

Donut Choices of People Interviewed

Num

ber

of D

onut

s pe

r D

onut

Typ

e 1

2

3

4 5

6

Chocolate

Plain Icing Sugar

Types of Donuts Chosen by Six

People

WHAT CALCULATIONS ARE NEEDED TO MAKE A CIRCLE GRAPH?

1 out of 6 people ordered Icing Sugar1 divided by 6 = .17 x 100 = 17%

2 out of 6 people total ordered Plain2 divided by 6 = .33 x 100 = 33%

3 out of 6 people total ordered Chocolate3 divided by 6 = .50 x 100 = 50% ADD 17% + 33% + 50% = 100%

CIRCLE GRAPH FOR DONUTS

Donut Choices of Six People

ChocolatePlainIcing Sugar

50%33%

17%

LET’S PRACTICE! The number of sneakers sold by brand

for the past month are as follows: Addidas = 25; New Balance = 18;

Nike = 32; Reebok = 15; Other = 10

1. Create a Data table2. Create an Appropriate Graph

DOES YOUR DATA TABLE LOOK LIKE THIS?

Sneakers Sold This MonthBrand of Sneakers Numbers Sold

Nike 32Addidas 25New Balance 18Reebok 15Other 10

What is the Independent Variable?

What is the Dependent Variable?Brands of Sneakers

Numbers of Sneakers Sold

DOES YOUR GRAPH LOOK LIKE THIS?

1 2 3 4 50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Brands of ShoesAddidas New Balance Nike Reebok Other

Num

bers

of S

hoes

Sa

les

Number of Shoe Sales this Month by Brand Name

DOES YOUR GRAPH LOOK LIKE THIS?

1 2 3 4 50

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Brands of ShoesAddidas New Balance Nike Reebok Other

Num

bers

of S

hoes

Sa

les

Number of Shoe Sales this Month by Brand Name

REVIEW THE DATA TABLE NOW – NOTICE THE CALCULATIONS ADDED

Sneakers Sold This Month

Brand of Sneakers

Numbers Sold

Percentage of Sales

Addidas 25 25%New Balance 18 18%Nike 32 32%Reebok 15 15%Other 10 10%Total Shoes Sold – ALL Brands

100 100%

Do the calculations change the type of graph used?

CIRCLE GRAPH

LET’S PRACTICE! Students polled in a classroom

showed varying heights: 5 students between 4’-5’ tall16 students between 5’ and 6’ tall4 students between 6’ and 7‘ tall

1. Create a Data table2. Create an Appropriate Graph

DATA TABLE – ORIGINAL DATA MAY BE TALLY MARKS

Summary of Polled Students

Height

1 4’5”1 4’6”3 5’8 5’3”4 5’5”3 5’6”1 5’8”2 6’1”1 6’3”1 6’8”

LET’S PRACTICE!

Heights of Students in Feet

Num

ber

of

Stud

ents

1’ 2’ 3’ 4’ 5’ 6’ 7’

2 4

6 8

10 1

2 14

16

18 2

0 22

24

26

28 3

0

Heights of All Students in Class

SUMMARY!1. What are the similarities and

differences between bar graphs and histograms?

2. Describe when a circle graph would be used to present data collected.

3. Which variable - independent or dependent - depicts the “x” axis and “y” axis?

4. Describe all features every graph must include.