Exercise Methodology - Emergency, Oil Spill, Crisis Management

EXERCISE METHODOLOGY

BASED ON: INTERNATIONAL BEST PRACTICES (HSEEP)

1

Exercise program 2

Exercises are based upon a:

Multi-Year (three) Training and Exercise Program – MYTEP• with yearly training and exercise schedules• for each TRT & ICC, each EMC, and the CMC

MYTEP is progressive – building block approach:• increasing level of complexity• which involves an increasing number of capabilities (see the response

capabilities list)

Exercise program 3

* Progressive MYTEP does not necessarily mean a different kind of exercise at each next step

Discussion-based 4

Discussion-based – used to familiarize players with plans, or to develop new plans

Seminar: orientate to new or existing plans

Workshop: develop new ideas, plans (as needed)

Tabletop: test / practice existing plans without deploying field resources, no time pressure.

Game: use gaming tools: simulation of operations (only possible if such a tool is available)

Operations-based 5

Operations-based – actual reaction to an exercise scenario, such as initiating communications or mobilizing personnel and resources

Drill: validate / practice specific skill

Functional exercise: test / practice existing plans without deploying field resources, realistic time pressure, used for command and coordination

Full-scale exercise: command (and possibly coordination) with deployment of field resources

Response Capabilities6

Exercise program and exercises are capability and objective driven

Response capabilities are listed below: No Capability No Capability 1 Detection, assessment, notification 11 Volunteer management 2 Public information / Media management 12 Incident / unified / area command 3 Evacuation and shelter-in-place 13 Emergency management center 4 Search and rescue 14 Crisis management center 5 Casualty care 15 Action planning on each level of response 6 Casualty family information and support 16 Communication (IT) / IMIS 7 Tactical response 17 Resource management / incident support /

mutual aid / international support 8 Responder safety 18 Continuity of critical process / services 9 Environmental and wildlife protection 19 Strategic leadership

10 HazMat protection 20 Top-down response

Exercise objectives 7

determined by Exercise Planning Team based upon (selection of) the 20 capabilities specific areas within a capability to be tested, validated,

practiced or demonstrated framework for scenario development and the development

of the Master Scenario Events List (MSEL) basis for exercise evaluation

Exercise objectives (contd.)8

Exercise objectives are SMART: Specific – What needs to be achieved? Measurable – Can you measure the results? Achievable – Is it doable with the available resources? Relevant – Is it relevant for testing the capability? Time-bound – Set a time frame.

Exercise objectives state: who – who needs to act what – action and/or outcome condition – in response to what standard – such as SOPs, Job Aid, PIP

Exercise design and development9

Operations-based• Exercise Plan (ExPlan)• Controller & Evaluator (C/E)

Handbook• Master Scenario Events List

(MSEL)• Exercise Evaluation Guides

(EEGs)• Participant Feedback Form

• After-Action Report (including Improvement Plan)

* except for Seminar or Workshop

determineexercise

objectives

set upExercise Planning

Team

developexercise

documents

evaluation and improvement

planning / execution

Discussion-based• TTX or Game: Situation Manual

(SitMan) (optional for Seminar, Workshop)• TTX or Game: Facilitator Guide (optional for Seminar, Workshop)• for complex TTX or Game: Master Scenario Events List (MSEL)• TTX or Game: Exercise Evaluation

Guides (EEGs)• Participant Feedback Form

conduct exercise

pre-exercisebriefings

actor, actiondecisionInformationdocument

• Exercise planning: timeline & milestones* Note: In case of an operations-

based exercise with deployment of tactical resources (that will apply ICS), the Planning Team can be set up using the ICS structure (lead by the Exercise Planning Team Leader)

Pre-exercise briefings, using the appropriate exercise documents: - Player briefing, Controller/Evaluator briefing

(Operations-based)- if applicable: Observer briefing, Actor briefingConduct exerciseEvaluation and improvement planning / execution

Multi-Year Training and Exercise Plan & yearly schedule,indicate for this exercise- approximate date / time period- type of exercise- scope of exercise- capabilities- (if applicable) hazard specific plans to

be tested

Exercise Planning Team 10

The exercise planning team can be most effective if it adheres to a coherent organizational structure that clearly defines roles and responsibilities.

Exercise planners may use ICS principles in case of a tactical exercise (deploying field resources & using ICS during the exercise itself).

Exercise planning Team 11

Exercise Planning Team Leader

Planning Operations Logistics Admin/Finance

Liaison

Public Information

Safety

Planning Activities12

Planning activities often comes in the form of planning meetings

The exercise planning team member decide the type and number of planning activities needed to successfully plan a given exercise, based on its scope an complexity.

Exercise planning meetings 13

There are different types of planning meetings each will focus on specific points during the progress of exercise planning; Concept and Objectives Meeting (C&O) Initial Planning Meeting (IPM) Midterm Planning Meeting (MPM) Master Scenario Event List Meeting (MSEL) Final Planning Meeting (FPM)

Concept and Objective Meeting 14

Discussion points: Points Remarks Exercise scope

Proposed exercise objectives and their aligned core capabilities

Proposed exercise location, date, and duration

Participants and anticipated extent of play for exercise participates

Exercise planning team

Exercise control and evaluation concepts

Exercise security

Available exercise resources

Exercise logistics

Exercise planning timeline and milestones

Local issues, concerns and sensitivities

Initial Planning Meeting 15

Discussion points: Points Remarks Clearly defined exercise objectives an aligned core capabilities

Evaluation requirements, including EEG capability targets and critical tasks

Relevant plans, policies, and procedures to be tested in the exercise

Exercise scenario

Modeling an simulation planning

Extent of play for each participating organization

Optimum duration of the exercise

Exercise planners’ role an responsibilities

Decision to record exercise proceedings (audio or video)

Local issues, concerns, or sensitivities

Consensus regarding the date, time an location for the next meeting

Midterm Planning Meeting 16

Discussion points: Item Remarks

Comments of draft exercise documentation

Construction of the scenario timeline (usually the MSEL)

Identification of exercise venue artificialities and/or limitations

Agreement on final logistical items

Assignment of additional responsibilities

Review of Situation Manual (SitMan) & exercise plan (ExPlan)

Draft Facilitator Guide or Controller/Evaluator Handbook (C/E Handbook), including EEGs

Developing Scenario Injects

Finalizing the exercise location, date, time

Agree on the date and location of the MSEL planning meeting or FPM

MSEL Planning Meeting 17

The MSEL considers the following questions:

Questions Remarks

Is the event key directly related to meeting an exercise objective?

What is the desired critical task?

Who will demonstrate the critical task?

What will stimulate the behavior (e.g. phone call, actor, video)?

Who originates the stimulant? Who receives it and how?

What action is the player expected to complete?

Final Planning Meeting 18

Discussion points:

Points Remarks

Conduct a comprehensive final review and approve all remaining draft exercise documents (e.g., SitMan, MSEL, C/E Handbook, EEGs) and presentation materials

Resolve any open exercise planning issues and identify last minute concerns

Review all exercise logistical activities (e.g. schedule, registration, attire, special needs)

Exercise documents and materials for production are approved

Attendees understand an approve exercise processes and procedures

Logistical elements, including equipment, facilities, and schedule, are confirmed

Exercise documents 19

SitMan (Situation Manual) Facilitator Guide ExPlan (Exercise Plan) C/E Handbook (Controller/Evaluator) MSEL (Master Scenario Event List) EEGs (Exercise Evaluation Guide) AAR (After Action Report) IP (Improvement plan)


SitMan: for all participants, including Players exercise name, where/when/duration, scope, capabilities,

objectives, participants, instructions/rules of conduct, exercise organization

scenario (not if MSEL is used)Facilitator Guide

key issues for discussion, and extra information to help the Facilitator answer questions


ExPlan: for all participants, including Players and Actors like SitMan but without scenario, and with:

exercise maps/directions, logistics, communications, security, public information (if applicable)

exercise safety issues & nonex procedure (nonex = non-exercise contingency)

identification of ExCon & Evaluators (such as vests)


C/E Handbook – in addition to ExPlan: overall scenario tasks & procedures for Controllers and Evaluators exercise safety plan exercise communications evaluation instructionsMSEL

scenario events/timeline, injects (by who, for who) & expected actions

Exercise conduct23

Exercise leadDiscussion-based: Facilitator

ensure that discussion is not fixated on scenario the scenario only facilitates the discussion exception: exercise dealing with scenario specific plan

(PIP, PEP, PCP)

Exercise conduct24

Operations-based: Exercise Control (ExCon) If more than one exercise location:

set up various Control Cells (see diagram next slide) at least one Controller at every location

Controllers can call a time-out (to coach) Appoint Safety Controllers as needed

they can stop unsafe exercise actions Simulation Cell: part of ExCon that receives Player responses

and provides information in place of non-participating organizations

Exercise conduct 25

In case of various Control Cells:

ensure communications between all Controllers

Exercise Evaluation 26

All exercises are evaluated

Evaluation for Seminars and Workshops is limited to a Hot Wash (player feedback immediately after the exercise) and Participant Feedback Form

Exercise Evaluation 27

All other exercises; Evaluators during exercise (see diagram), using Exercise Evaluation Guides (EEGs)1

1 EEG for each capability tested Evaluator: do not interfere in exercise Observer ≠ Evaluator; Observer is a guest

Hot Wash at each exercise location (led by Evaluator or Controller), and Participant Feedback Form

Operations-based: C/E debriefing resulting in an After-Action Report (AAR)1 including an Improvement Plan

1 Format – ask for the format

Exercise Evaluation28

In case of various

exercise locations, use various Evaluator Cells

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Exercise Methodology - Emergency, Oil Spill, Crisis Management

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Transcript of Exercise Methodology - Emergency, Oil Spill, Crisis Management