EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Web viewT. Species typical of at least part of EVC...

EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Quality Assessment

Otway Plain bioregionEVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland

Description:A low, grassy or bracken-dominated eucalypt open forest or woodland to 15 m tall with a large shrub layer and ground layer rich in herbs, grasses, and orchids. Occurs mainly on flat or undulating areas on moderately fertile, relatively well-drained, deep sandy or loamy topsoils over heavier subsoils (duplex soils).

Large trees:SpeciesEucalyptus spp.

DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Eucalyptus obliqua Messmate

StringybarkUnderstorey:

Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% IT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 8 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 9 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT

Species typical of at least part of EVC range

Common NameBlackwood

MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral CranesbillMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Kennedia prostrata Running PostmanLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass

LNG

Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Lepidosperma gladiatum Coast Sword-sedge

MNG

Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine

Ecological Vegetation Class bioregion benchmark

EVC 3: Damp Sands Herb-rich Woodland - Otway Plain bioregion

Recruitment:Continuous

Organic Litter:40 % cover

Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high low MH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high lowMH Medicago lupulina Black Medic high

low MH Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrelhigh low

LNG Ammophila arenaria Marram Grass high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMNG Lagurus ovatus Hare's-tail Grass high low MNG Stenotaphrum secundatum Buffalo Grass high

highMNG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high high

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 6: Sand Heathland

Description:Treeless heathland (or with scattered emergent mallee-form eucalypts) occurring on deep infertile sands. Consists of a low, dense heathy shrub layer and a number of sedges and sedge-like species.

Life Forms: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeMedium Shrub 6 30% MSSmall Shrub 8 20% SSProstrate Shrub 3 5% PSMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameSilver Banksia

MS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-treeMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Isopogon ceratophyllus Horny Cone-bushSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-

flowerSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Gompholobium ecostatum Dwarf Wedge-peaPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathMH Goodenia geniculata Bent GoodeniaMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewSH Viola cleistogamoides Hidden VioletLTG Xanthorrhoea australis Austral Grass-treeLTG Austrostipa mollis Supple Spear-grassLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-

sedgeMTG r Lepidosperma canescens Hoary Rapier-sedgeMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-

grassMNG Hypolaena fastigiata Tassel Rope-rushTTG Schoenus breviculmis Matted Bog-sedgeGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-

laurelSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel

Recruitment:

Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.

Organic Litter:20% cover

Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.

EVC 6: Sand Heathland - Otway Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment April 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:

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Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.

For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 7: Clay Heathland

Description:Occurs on sites with impeded drainage, often on duplex soils. A variable shrubby EVC dominated by heath species. Occasional emergent eucalypts may be present. The ground layer is dense and diverse with a variety of lifeforms.

Life forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 8 40% MS

Small Shrub 5 10% SSProstrate Shrub 3 5% PSMedium Herb 7 10% MHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 6 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code



MS Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-treeMS Persoonia juniperina Prickly GeebungMS Allocasuarina misera/paradoxa Slender/Green

SheoakSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-

heathSS Hibbertia riparia Erect Guinea-flowerPS Xanthosia pusilla spp. agg. Heath XanthosiaPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsMH Comesperma calymega Blue-spike MilkwortMH Platysace heterophylla Slender PlatysaceMH Goodenia geniculata Bent GoodeniaSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-

sedgeMTG Austrostipa semibarbata Fibrous Spear-grassMTG Tricostularia pauciflora Needle Bog-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMNG Hypolaena fastigiata Tassel Rope-rush

Recruitment:


Organic Litter:20%

Cover


EVC 7: Clay Heathland - Otway Plain bioregion






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 8: Wet Heathland

Description:A low, generally treeless heathland although sometimes emergent eucalypts may be present. Occurs on lower slopes, flats or depressions, which are infertile and subjected to prolonged water logging. Understorey is often dominated by a range of sedges, grasses and shrubs.


codeMedium Shrub 5 40% MSSmall Shrub 3 5% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 2 5% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 20% MNGGround Fern 2 1% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Tea-tree

MS Melaleuca squarrosa Scented PaperbarkMS Sprengelia incarnata Pink Swamp-heathMS Epacris impressa Common HeathSS Epacris lanuginosa Woolly-style HeathSS Bauera rubioides Wiry BaueraSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortLTG Xanthorrhoea australis Austral Grass-treeLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-

sedgeMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushGF Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern

SC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel

Recruitment:




EVC 8: Wet Heathland - Otway Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment May 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:





Otway Plain bioregionEVC 9: Coastal Saltmarsh

Description:Occurs on and immediately above marine and estuarine tidal flats and contains distinct floristic communities as bands or zones in the same location, depending on the positioning of the various floristic communities in relation to the saline environment. Consists of a range of life forms including succulent herbs, low succulent shrubs, rushes and sedges.


codeMedium Shrub 1 10% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSMedium Herb 3 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

65%

LF Code


Common Name

MS r Avicennia marina ssp. australasica White MangroveSS Suaeda australis Austral SeabliteSS Frankenia pauciflora var. gunnii Southern Sea-

heathPS Wilsonia humilis Silky WilsoniaMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortMH Samolus repens Creeping

BrookweedMH Hemichroa pentandra Trailing HemichroaLNG Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea Rush

MNG Triglochin striatum Streaked ArrowgrassMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass

Recruitment:

Continuous


Weediness:

There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.

EVC 9: Coastal Saltmarsh - Otway Plain bioregion






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 10: Estuarine Wetland

Description:Grows on anaerobic peat-rich muds on the edges of estuarine waterbodies such as creeks, rivers and lagoons with intermediate salinity conditions. Vegetation is determined by fluctuating salinity, which varies in time from occasionally fresh to brackish or occasionally saline according to river flood and marine tide events. Dominated by graminoids and halophytic herbs and often fringed by a tall scrub layer of Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermum lanigerum at the landward edge.


codeMedium Shrub 1 10% MSLarge Herb 3 10% LHMedium Herb 4 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 15% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 25% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCTotal understorey projective foliage cover

90%

LF CodeMS MS

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeLeptospermum lanigerum Melaleuca

Common Name Woolly Tea-tree Scented Paperbark Slender MH Samolus repens Creeping Brookweed

MH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-

flowerSH Leptinella reptans s.l. Creeping CotulaLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-

grassLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMNG Triglochin striatum Streaked ArrowgrassSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed

Recruitment:Episodic/Flood: desirable period of disturbance is every five years


Weediness: LF Code

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLHLH LH MH MH MH MH MTG M

Aster subulatusPlantago lanceolata Rumex crispus Ranunculus repens Lotus uliginosus Cotula coronopifolia Atriplex prostrata

Aster-weedRibwort Curled DockCreeping Buttercup Greater Bird's-foot Trefoil Water ButtonsHastate Orache Creeping

highhigh high high high

lowlow low high low high high

EVC 10: Estuarine Wetland - Otway Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment June 2008© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:


Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should bedirected to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.



Otway Plain bioregionEVC 16: Lowland Forest

Description:Open forest to 25 m tall characterised by the diversity of species and lifeforms in each stratum. Includes a variety of heathy understorey shrubs. It grows on a wide variety of geology and soils.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus obliqua

Eucalyptus baxteri s.l. Eucalyptus radiata ssp. radiata

Messmate StringybarkBrown Stringybark Narrow-leaf

Understorey: Life formImmature Canopy Tree

#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeITMedium Shrub 6 35% MS

Small Shrub 4 10% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSMedium Herb 4 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF Code



MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Persoonia juniperina Prickly GeebungSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaLTG Xanthorrhoea australis Austral Grass-tree

LNG

Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeL

NGTetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grass

MTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushM

NGTetrarrhena distichophylla Hairy Rice-grass

MNG

Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern


EVC 16: Lowland Forest - Otway Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:There are no consistent weeds in this

EVC.




For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 21: Shrubby Dry Forest

Description:Occurs on a range of geologies on exposed aspects such as ridge-lines and medium to steep upper slopes, often in high rainfall areas and on shallow infertile soils. The overstorey is a low, open forest to 20 m tall characterised by the diversity and variability of the eucalypts. The understorey often lacks a secondary tree layer but contains a well-developed medium to low shrub layer. The ground layer is often very sparse with tussock-forming graminoids being the dominant life form.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name30% Eucalyptus tricarpa

Eucalyptus cypellocarpa Eucalyptus obliqua

Red IronbarkMountain Grey-gum Messmate Stringybark

Understorey: Life

#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 5 25% MSSmall Shrub 2 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 3 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

EVC 21: Shrubby Dry Forest - Otway Plain bioregion

LF Code Character Species Common NameT Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry BallartMS Pultenaea daphnoides Large-leaf Bush-peaMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Acacia verniciflua Varnish WattleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Hibbertia stricta s.l. Upright Guinea-flowerPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Plantago varia Variable PlantainMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Helichrysum scorpioides Button EverlastingSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaSH Kennedia prostrata Running PostmanSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Scented SundewLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Joycea pallida Silvertop Wallaby-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Austrodanthonia geniculata Kneed Wallaby-grassMTG Lomandra multiflora ssp. multiflora Many-flowered Mat-rushMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Cassytha melantha Coarse Dodder-laurelSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurelSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Thysanotus patersonii Twining Fringe-lilySC Comesperma volubile Love CreeperSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis

Recruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 20 years.


Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.


EVC.






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest

Description:Occurs on relatively fertile, moderately well-drained soils on an extremely wide range of geological types and in areas of moderate to high rainfall. Occupies easterly and southerly aspects mainly on lower slopes and in gullies. A medium to tall open forest or woodland to 25 m tall with a small tree layer over a sparse to dense shrub layer. A high cover and diversity of herbs and grasses in the ground layer characterise this EVC.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus cypellocarpa Eucalyptus viminalisEucalyptus radiata s.l.

Messmate StringybarkMountain Grey-gum Manna GumNarrow-leaf

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 4 20% MSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 12 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 10% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 20% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 23: Herb-rich Foothill Forest - Otway Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Acacia mucronata ssp. longifolia Narrow-leaf WattleMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushSS k Olearia speciosa Netted Daisy-bushLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedLH Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herbLH Senecio hispidulus Rough FireweedMH Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral CranesbillMH Stellaria pungens Prickly StarwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Matted PratiaSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining PennywortSH Cymbonotus preissianus Austral Bear's-earLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grassMTG Dichelachne sciurea spp. agg. Short-hair Plume-grassMTG Arthropodium strictum s.l. Chocolate LilyMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Senecio jacobaea Ragwort high highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowMH Lotus corniculatus Bird's-foot Trefoil high

low MH Medicago lupulina Black Medichigh low

MH Prunella vulgaris Self-heal high lowMH Cerastium spp. Mouse-ear Chickweed high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

highMNG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high high






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 30: Wet Forest

Description:Grows on fertile, well-drained loamy soils on a range of geologies and elevation levels. It is largely restricted to protected sites in gullies and on southern aspects of hills and mountains where rainfall is high and cloud cover at ground level is frequent. Characterised by a tall eucalypt overstorey to 30 m tall with scattered understorey trees over a tall broad-leaved shrubby understorey and a moist, shaded, fern-rich ground layer that is usually dominated by tree-ferns.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common

Name40% Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 4 30% TMedium Shrub 5 20% MSMedium Herb 2 5% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 3 35% GFTree Fern 1 5% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

EVC 30: Wet Forest - Otway Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Pomaderris aspera Hazel PomaderrisT Notelaea ligustrina Privet Mock-oliveT Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Pimelea axiflora Bootlace BushMS Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bushMS Hedycarya angustifolia Austral MulberryMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortMH Gratiola peruviana Austral BrooklimeSH Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Matted PratiaLTG Lepidosperma laterale var. majus Variable Sword-sedgeLTG Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG r Isolepis wakefieldiana Tufted Club-sedgeMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassMNG Echinopogon ovatus Common Hedgehog-grassGF Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fernGF Blechnum wattsii Hard Water-fernGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernTRF Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fernEP Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy FernSC Parsonsia brownii Twining SilkpodSC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.


EVC.






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 45: Shrubby Foothill Forest

Description:Occurs on ridges and mainly on southern and eastern slopes in association with Damp Forest or Wet Forest on moderately fertile soils and at a range of elevations. The overstorey is a medium eucalypt forest to 25 m tall over an understorey characterised by a distinctive middle strata dominated by a diversity of narrow-leaved shrubs and a paucity of ferns, graminoids and herbs in the ground stratum.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Eucalyptus baxteri s.l.

Messmate StringybarkNarrow-leaf Peppermint Brown

Understorey: Life

#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 10% T

Medium Shrub 8 40% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 15% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGGround Fern 3 15% GFTree Fern 1 1% TRFScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT



MS Acacia mucronata ssp. longifolia Narrow-leaf WattleMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsLH Mentha laxiflora Forest MintMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Viola hederacea sensu Entwisle (1996) Ivy-leaf VioletSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Lepidosperma laterale var. majus Variable Sword-sedgeLTG Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedge

LNG

Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis


EVC 45: Shrubby Foothill Forest - Otway Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 48: Heathy Woodland

Description:Spans a variety of geologies but is generally associated with nutrient-poor soils including deep uniform sands (aeolian or outwash) and Tertiary sand/clay which has been altered to form quartzite gravel. Eucalypt-dominated low woodland to 10 m tall lacking a secondary tree layer and generally supporting a diverse array of narrow or ericoid-leaved shrubs except where frequent fire has reduced this to a dense cover of bracken. Geophytes and annuals can be quite common but the ground cover is normally fairly sparse.


DBH(cm)60 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Eucalyptus baxteri s.l.Messmate StringybarkBrown Stringybark


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Medium Shrub 7 30% MSSmall Shrub 7 20% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSMedium Herb 5 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C


EVC 48: Heathy Woodland - Otway Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-treeSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Hibbertia riparia Erect Guinea-flowerSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Xanthosia pusilla spp. agg. Heath XanthosiaPS Gompholobium ecostatum Dwarf Wedge-peaMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewMH Goodenia geniculata Bent GoodeniaSH Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Scented SundewSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedLTG Xanthorrhoea australis Austral Grass-treeLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Lepidosperma semiteres Wire Rapier-sedgeMTG Lepidosperma filiforme Common Rapier-sedgeMNG Hypolaena fastigiata Tassel Rope-rushGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.


EVC.






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 53: Swamp Scrub

Description:Closed scrub to 8 m tall at low elevations on alluvial deposits along streams or on poorly drained sites with high nutrient and water availability. Soils vary from organic loams to fine silts and peats which are inundated during the wetter months of the year and is dominated by Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermun lanigerum which often forms a dense impenetrable thicket, out- competing other species. Emergent trees (eg. Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata) may some times be present. Where light penetrates to ground level, a moss/lichen/liverwort herbaceous ground cover is often present.

Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name60% Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-tree

Melaleuca squarrosa Scented PaperbarkAcacia melanoxylon Blackwood

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 2 10% MSLarge Herb 3 10% LHMedium Herb 7 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 3 15% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20 % BL

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeLH Lycopus australis Australian GipsywortLH Lythrum salicaria Purple LoosestrifeLH Persicaria praetermissa Spotted KnotweedMH Hydrocotyle pterocarpa Wing PennywortMH Stellaria angustifolia Swamp StarwortMH Lobelia anceps Angled LobeliaSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaLTG Juncus procerus Tall RushLTG Juncus gregiflorus Green RushLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeLNG Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani River Club-sedgeLNG Baumea rubiginosa s.l. Soft Twig-rushMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeGF Blechnum cartilagineum Gristle FernSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed


EVC 53: Swamp Scrub - Otway Plain bioregion



Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007.

© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2007

This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or at cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.


For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186

This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain Bioregion

EVC 53_62: Estuarine Swamp ScrubDescription:Closed scrub to 6 m tall growing on the edge of estuarine waterbodies such as creeks, rivers and lagoons with intermediate salinity and poor drainage conditions. Dominated by Swamp Paperbark Melaleuca ericifolia with a halophytic (succulent) ground layer dominated by graminoids and herbs. Often occurs in close association with Estuarine Wetland.

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name50% Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark

Understorey: Lifeform Medium Shrub Medium HerbSmall or Prostrate HerbMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-Tufted Graminoid

#Spp %Cover LF Code2 10% MS3 20% MH2 5% SH2 10% MTG2 15% MNG

LF CodeMS

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeAtriplex cinerea

Common NameCoast Saltbush

MS Rhagodia candolleana subsp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushMH Chenopodium glaucum Glaucous GoosefootMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortSH Apium prostratum subsp. prostratum Sea CelerySH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-grassMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedge

Recruitment:Continuous.


Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high high

Ecological Vegetation Class Bioregion Benchmark

EVC 53_62: Estuarine Swamp Scrub


Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment© The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that:

• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.

Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson St, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002.


This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss, of other consequences which may arise from you relying on any information in this publication.

www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland

Description:An open, eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall occurring on a number of geologies and soil types. Occupies poorly drained, fertile soils on flat or gently undulating plains at low elevations. The understorey consists of a few sparse shrubs over a species-rich grassy and herbaceous ground layer.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha10 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover20%

Character SpeciesEucalyptus ovata

Common NameSwamp GumEucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum

Eucalyptus melliodora Yellow BoxEucalyptus viminalis Manna GumEucalyptus leucoxylon Yellow Gum

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TSmall Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 1 5% LHMedium Herb 10 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 9 35% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBlack Skeoak

T Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodT Banksia marginata Silver BanksiaMS Acacia paradoxa Hedge WattleSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathMH Hypericum gramineum Small St John's WortMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraLTG Austrostipa rudis Veined Spear-grass

LNG

Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass


EVC 55: Plains Grassy Woodland - Otway Plain bioregion



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Centaurium erythraea Common Centaury high lowLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

high MNG Romulea rosea Onion Grasshigh low

MNG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMNG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high low




For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 56: Floodplain Riparian Woodland

Description:An open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall over a medium to large shrub layer with a ground layer consisting of amphibious and aquatic herbs and sedges. Occurs along the banks and floodplains of the larger meandering rivers and major creeks, often in conjunction with one or more floodplain wetland communities. Elevation and rainfall are relatively low and soils are fertile alluviums subject to periodic flooding and inundation.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name20% Eucalyptus camaldulensisEucalyptus ovata

River Red-gumSwamp Gum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 5% TMedium Shrub 3 10% MSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 4 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 15% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 15% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF Code


Common NameSweet Bursaria

MS Acacia pycnantha Golden WattleMS Myoporum sp. 1 Sticky BoobiallaLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedMH Rumex brownii Slender DockSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining PennywortLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass

LNG

Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMTG Austrodanthonia penicillata Slender Wallaby-grassMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Bulbine bulbosa Bulbine Lily

MNG

Triglochin striatum Streaked ArrowgrassM

NGSchoenus nitens Shiny Bog-sedge

MNG

Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grassSC Cassytha melantha Coarse Dodder-laurelSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed


EVC 56: Floodplain Riparian Woodland - Otway Plain bioregion

Recruitment:Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 10 years.


Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low highLH Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock high

high LH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Rumex crispus Curled Dock high highLH Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tongue high highLH Aster subulatus Aster-weed high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high LH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

low MH Plantago major Greater Plantainhigh low

MH Brassica fruticulosa Twiggy Turnip high highMH Atriplex prostrata Hastate Orache high highLTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high

high MTG Cyperus eragrostis Drain Flat-sedge high highMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high lowMTG Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass high

high MNG Paspalum distichum Water Couchhigh high



Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 68: Creekline Grassy Woodland

Description:Eucalypt-dominated woodland to 15 m tall with occasional scattered shrub layer over a mostly grassy/sedgy to herbaceous ground-layer. Occurs on low-gradient ephemeral to intermittent drainage lines, typically on fertile colluvial/alluvial soils, on a wide range of suitably fertile geological substrates. These minor drainage lines can include a range of graminoid and herbaceous species tolerant of waterlogged soils, and are presumed to have sometimes resembled a linear wetland or system of interconnected small ponds.


DBH(cm)80 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 15% TMedium Shrub 5 10% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 10 30% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% MNGScrambler or Climber 3 10% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT



T Acacia retinodes WirildaMS Hymenanthera dentata s.l. Tree VioletSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleSS Enchylaena tomentosa var. tomentosa Ruby SaltbushMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelSH Azolla filiculoides Pacific AzollaSH Lemna disperma Common DuckweedLTG Austrostipa bigeniculata Kneed Spear-grassLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-garss

LNG

Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grassMTG Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-grass

MNG

Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassSC Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine


EVC 68: Creekline Grassy Woodland - Otway Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Salix fragilis Crack Willow high highMS Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn low

high MS Genista monspessulana Montpellier Broom high highMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low highMS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Hirschfeldia incana Buchan Weed high

high LH Verbena bonariensis s.l. Purple-top Verbena high highLH Rumex crispus Curled Dock high highLH Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock high highLH Conium maculatum Hemlock high highLH Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tongue high lowLH Aster subulatus Aster-weed high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high low LH Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972) Black Nightshade high

highMH Brassica fruticulosa Twiggy Turnip high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Foeniculum vulgare Fennel high highSH Modiola caroliniana Red-flower Mallow high lowLTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass high highLTG Piptatherum miliaceum Rice Millet high

high MTG Ehrharta erecta var. erecta Panic Veldt-grass high highMTG Paspalum dilatatum Paspalum high highMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMTG Agrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Bent high highMNG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high highMNG Paspalum distichum Water Couch high

high SC Tradescantia fluminensis Wandering Jewhigh high



Requests for permission to reproduce or communicate this material in any way not permitted by this licence (or by the fair dealing provisions of the Copyright Act 1968) should be directed to the Nominated Officer, Copyright, 8 Nicholson Street, East Melbourne, Victoria, 3002.www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland

Description:Woodland to 15 m tall generally occupying low energy streams of the foothills and plains. The lower strata are variously locally dominated by a range of large and medium shrub species on the stream levees in combination with large tussock grasses and sedges in the ground layer.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name10% Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 3 10% MSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 9 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 5 25% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 8 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL

LF CodeT



T Acacia mearnsii Black WattleMS Acacia verticillata ssp. verticillata Prickly MosesMS Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-treeMS Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius Rosemary EverlastingLH Senecio minimus Shrubby FireweedLH Persicaria praetermissa Spotted KnotweedMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Leptinella reptans s.l. Creeping CotulaSH Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining PennywortSH R r Lobelia beaugleholei Showy LobeliaLTG Juncus procerus Tall RushLTG Cyperus lucidus Leafy Flat-sedgeLTG Juncus pallidus Pale RushLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMTG Juncus planifolius Broad-leaf RushMTG Juncus pauciflorus Loose-flower RushMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMNG Hemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Mat GrassMNG Triglochin striatum Streaked ArrowgrassMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rushGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed


EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland - Otway Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high

high LH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Parentucellia viscosa Yellow Bartsia high lowMH Lotus suaveolens Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel high

low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoidesHairy Hawkbit high low

MH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high lowSH Trifolium repens var. repens White Clover high

high LNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Foghigh high

MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high highMTG Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass high lowMTG Juncus articulatus Jointed Rush high

high MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceusSoft Brome high low

MNG Vulpia spp. Fescue high low




www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 104: Lignum Swamp

Description:Shrubland to 3 m tall or open woodland to 15 m tall, with an understorey that can be rich in herbaceous species. Occurs on inundation-prone heavy grey soils in depressions or floodways in low rainfall areas.+ woodland on ly components (ignore when assessing treeless areas and standardise final score as appropriate)

Large trees+:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp. 80 cm

Tree Canopy Cover+:%cover Character Species Common

Name10% Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red Gum

Life forms: Life


Large Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 4 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 5 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMS Muehlenbeckia florulenta LignumLH Brachyscome basaltica var. gracilis Woodland Swamp-daisyLH Rumex brownii Slender DockMH Marsilea drummondii Common NardooMH Alternanthera denticulata s.l. Lesser JoyweedMH Myriophyllum muelleri Hooded Water-milfoilSH Eryngium vesiculosum PrickfootSH Lobelia pratioides Poison LobeliaSH Lobelia concolor Poison PratiaLTG Amphibromus nervosus Common Swamp Wallaby-

grassMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMTG Austrodanthonia duttoniana Brown-back Wallaby-grassMTG Juncus subsecundus Finger RushMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG Eleocharis pusilla Small Spike-sedge

Recruitment:Episodic/Flood - Desirable period between disturbances is 10 years.


Logs+:5 m/0.1 ha.


EVC 104: Lignum Swamp - Otway Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn high highLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high low LH Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tongue high

high LH Cynara cardunculus Spanish Artichoke high highLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Aster subulatus Aster-weed high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high low MTG Nassella trichotoma Serrated Tussock high highMTG Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass high low MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceus Soft Brome high low MTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment October 2005© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:

• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 128: Grassy Forest

Description:Low growing forest to 20 m tall with an understorey of small and medium shrubs and a rich diversity of herbs. Large shrubs and understorey trees may also be conspicuous. Often grows in areas transitional between drier box stringybark forests and taller herb-rich forests typical of more favourable environments.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus radiata s.l.Messmate StringybarkNarrow-leaf


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% T

Medium Shrub 3 10% MSSmall Shrub 4 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 10 15% MHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 9 30% MTGScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

80%

LF Code


Common NameCommon Heath

MS Daviesia leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-peaMS Pultenaea gunnii Golden Bush-peaSS Hovea heterophylla Common HoveaSS Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Grey Parrot-peaSS Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heathSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsPS Platylobium formosum Handsome Flat-peaLH Senecio tenuiflorus Slender FireweedLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedLH Wahlenbergia gymnoclada Naked BluebellMH Helichrysum scorpioides Button EverlastingMH Poranthera microphylla Small PorantheraMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Dichelachne sciurea spp. agg. Short-hair Plume-grassMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea

EVC 128: Grassy Forest - Otway Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Pinus radiata Radiata Pine low

high MH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Earhigh low MTG Anthoxanthum

odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high high MTGAgrostis capillaris s.l. Brown-top Bent highhigh




For more information contact: Customer Service Centre, 136 186This publication may be of assistance to you but the State of Victoria and its employees do not guarantee that the publication is without flaw of any kind or is wholly appropriate for your particular purposes and therefore disclaims all liability for any error, loss or other consequence which may arise from you www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 132: Plains Grassland

Description:Treeless vegetation dominated by largely graminoid and herb life forms. Shrubs and trees may be also occasionally present.

Life Forms: Life form

#Spp3

%Cover10%

LF codeLHMedium Herb 10 20% MH

Small or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 13 40% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 4 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code


Common NameBlue Devil

LH Senecio quadridentatus Cottony FireweedMH Calocephalus citreus Lemon Beauty-headsMH Acaena echinata Sheep's BurrMH Leptorhynchos squamatus Scaly ButtonsMH Geranium retrorsum s.l. Grassland Crane’s-

billSH Solenogyne dominii Smooth SolenogyneSH Lobelia pratioides Poison LobeliaLTG Austrostipa bigeniculata Kneed Spear-grassMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-

grassMTG Elymus scaber var. scaber Common Wheat-grassMTG Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge

MNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass

Recruitment:

Episodic/Fire or Grazing. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.


EVC 132: Plains Grassland - Otway Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high highLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high

high MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoidesHairy Hawkbit high low

MH Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean Clover high lowMH Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain high highMH Trifolium striatum Knotted Clover high lowMH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowLTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high lowMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high

low MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceusSoft Brome high low

MTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMTG Lolium rigidum Wimmera Rye-grass high lowMTG Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass high highMTG Nassella neesiana Chilean Needle-grass high highMNG Cynosurus echinatus Rough Dog's-tail high lowMNG Juncus capitatus Capitate Rush high low






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 140: Mangrove Shrubland

Description:Shrubland to 2 m tall. Confined to protected low energy coastal environments where there is sufficient shelter from strong wave action and currents to allow the accumulation of fine sediments, generally on mud flats within the tidal zone.

Life Forms:Life formMedium Shrub

#Spp1

%Cover40%

LF code

Medium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

25%

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range

Common NameMS

MNGAvicennia marina ssp. australasicaZostera muelleri

White MangroveDwarf Grass-wrack

Recruitment:

Continuous

Weediness:

There are no consistent weeds in this EVC.

EVC 140: Mangrove Shrubland - Otway Plain bioregion






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 154: Bird Colony Shrubland

Description:A shrubland to 2.2 m tall dominated by Coast Hollyhock and confined to sand dunes on Mutton Bird Island, Port Phillip Bay. The poorly structured sandy soils are subject to intense trampling and tunnelling by sea bird breeding colonies.

Life Forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 3 40% SS

Large Herb 1 10% LHMedium Non-Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNG

Total understorey projective foliage cover

30%

LF Code


Common NameCoast Hollyhock

MS Solanum laciniatum Large Kangaroo AppleMS Atriplex cinerea Coast Saltbush

LH Epilobium hirtigerum Hairy Willow-herbMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedge



Weediness: LF Code

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMTGMTG MTG LH LH LH LH MH MH

Critesion murinumEhrharta longiflora Poa annua Solanum furcatumSolanum nigrum s.s. Sonchus oleraceus Urtica urensAtriplex prostrata Arctotheca

Barley-grassAnnual Veldt-grass Annual Meadow-grass Broad Nightshade Black Nightshade Common Sow-thistle Small NettleHastate Orache Cape Weed Mallow

highhigh high high high h

highhigh high high high h

EVC 154: Bird Colony Shrubland - Otway Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment December 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:






EVC 160: Coastal Dune ScrubDescription:Coastal Dune Scrub occupies the secondary dunes along ocean and bay beaches and lake shores. Closed scrub to 3 m tall with occasional emergent trees on siliceous and calcareous sands that area subject to high levels of saltspray and continuous disturbance from onshore winds.

Understorey: Lifeform Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium HerbSmall or Prostrate HerbMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-Tufted Graminoid Scrambler or Climber

#Spp %Cover LF Code7 50% MS1 1% SS3 5% LH7 15% MH3 10% SH2 15% MTG2 5% MNG3 5% SC

Bryophytes/Lichens 10% BL

LF CodeMS



MS Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heathMS Rhagodia candolleana subsp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushSS Suaeda australis Austral SeabliteLH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Senecio spathulatus s.l. Dune GroundselSH Apium prostratum subsp. prostratum Sea CelerySH Carpobrotus rossii KarkallaSH Threlkeldia diffusa Coast BonefruitMTG Lachnagrostis billardierei subsp. billardierei Coast Blown-grassMTG Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock GrassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeSC Clematis microphylla var. microphylla Small-leaved ClematisSC Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach




EVC 160: Coastal Dune Scrub

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Senecio elegans Purple Groundsel high highMS Rhamnus alaternus Italian Buckthorn high high SC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high high LNG Ammophila arenaria Marram Grass high highMS Lycium ferocissimum African Box-thorn high highMH Galium murale Small Goosegrass high lowMNG Lagurus ovatus Hare's-tail Grass high lowMTG Catapodium rigidum Fern Grass high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high low MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear high low

ChickweedMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowLH Melilotus indicus Sweet Melilot high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2009© The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.




www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 161: Coastal Headland Scrub

Description:Scrub or low shrubland to 2 m tall on steep, rocky coastal headlands often associated with cliffs exposed to the stresses of extreme salt-laden winds and salt spray from the south west. Occurs on shallow sands along rocky sections of the coast.

Life forms: Life


Small Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSMedium Herb 2 5% MHMedium Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

65%

LF Code



MS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Correa reflexa Common CorreaMS Leptospermum scoparium ManukaSS Isopogon ceratophyllus Horny Cone-bushPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsMH Veronica calycina Hairy SpeedwellMH Daucus glochidiatus Australian CarrotMTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-

rushSC Cassytha melantha Coarse Dodder-laurel

Recruitment:



Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMSLH MH MH MH SH MNG MNG

Lycium ferocissimumCirsium vulgare Hypochoeris radicataCentaurium erythraea Trifolium dubiumTrifolium repens var. repens Lagurus ovatusDactylis

African Box-thornSpear Thistle Cat's EarCommon Centaury Suckling CloverWhite Clover Hare's-tail Grass

highhigh high high high hig

highhigh low low low low low high

EVC 161: Coastal Headland Scrub - Otway Plain bioregion






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 163: Coastal Tussock Grassland

Description:A tussock grassland that may contain emergent shrubs. Occurs on exposed coastal cliffs and bluffs. Soils are saline and the strong salt-laden winds preclude tree growth.

Life Forms: Life


Small Shrub 1 5% SSLarge Herb 1 10% LHMedium Herb 3 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

90%

LF Code


Common NameCoast Beard-heath

MS Correa alba White CorreaLH Epilobium billardierianum ssp. billardierianum Smooth Willow-herbMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Asperula conferta Common WoodruffMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-

flowerSH Leptinella reptans s.l. Creeping CotulaLTG Austrostipa stipoides Prickly Spear-grassLTG Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-

grassMTG Isolepis cernua Nodding Club-sedgeMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-grassMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMTG Dianella brevicaulis Coast Flax-lilyMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grassMNG Triglochin striatum Streaked ArrowgrassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedge

Recruitment:

Continuous

Organic Litter:20%

Cover

EVC 163: Coastal Tussock Grassland - Otway Plain bioregion

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rubus sp. aff. armeniacus Blackberry high

high LH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Centaurium tenuiflorum Slender Centaury high lowMH Lotus suaveolens Hairy Bird's-foot Trefoil high lowMH Plantago coronopus Buck's-horn Plantain high lowMH Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel high

low MH Leontodon taraxacoides ssp. taraxacoidesHairy Hawkbit high low

LTG Ammophila arenaria Marram Grass high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Polypogon monspeliensis Annual Beard-grass high low






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 165: Damp Heath Scrub

Description:Scrub or shrubland to 5 m tall on flat to gently sloping terrain subject to seasonal waterlogging. Dominated by a dense shrub layer and numerous graminoids on generally sandy soils.

Life formsLife form #Spp %Cover LF

codeMedium Shrub 7 50% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 5% PSLarge Herb 1 1% LHMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLSoil Crust na 10% S/C

LF Code



MS Melaleuca squarrosa Scented PaperbarkMS Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub SheoakMS Epacris impressa Common HeathSS Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-peaSS Epacris lanuginosa Woolly-style HeathPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Xanthosia pusilla spp. agg. Heath XanthosiaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaLTG Xanthorrhoea australis Austral Grass-treeMTG Lepidosperma filiforme Common Rapier-

sedgeMNG Tetrarrhena distichophylla Hairy Rice-grassMNG Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-

rushMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken

GF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-

laurelR

ecruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 20 years.



EVC 165: Damp Heath Scrub - Otway Plain bioregion






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 175: Grassy Woodland

Description:A variable open eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall or occasionally Sheoak woodland to 10 m tall over a diverse ground layer of grasses and herbs. The shrub component is usually sparse. It occurs on sites with moderate fertility on gentle slopes or undulating hills on a range of geologies.

Large trees:Species DBH(cm) #/haEucalyptus spp.Allocasuarina spp.

70 cm40 cm

15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name15% Eucalyptus radiata s.l.

e Eucalyptus leucoxylon ssp. bellarinensis Allocasuarina verticillata

Narrow-leaf PeppermintBellarine Yellow-gum Drooping


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 6 20% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSProstrate Shrub 2 1% PSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 10 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 1 5% GFScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL


EVC 175: Grassy Woodland - Otway Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Acacia mearnsii Black WattleT Allocasuarina littoralis Black SheoakMS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Epacris impressa Common HeathMS Cassinia aculeata Common CassiniaSS Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flowerSS Hibbertia riparia Erect Guinea-flowerPS Bossiaea prostrata Creeping BossiaeaPS Astroloma humifusum Cranberry HeathPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Pterostylis longifolia s.l. Tall GreenhoodMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Drosera peltata ssp. auriculata Tall SundewSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Opercularia varia Variable StinkweedSH Drosera whittakeri ssp. aberrans Scented SundewLTG Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grassLTG Xanthorrhoea minor ssp. lutea Small Grass-treeLNG Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeMTG Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rushMTG Themeda triandra Kangaroo GrassMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedgeMNG Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping GrassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenSC Comesperma volubile Love CreeperSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Pinus radiata Radiata Pine high

high T Pittosporum undulatum Sweet Pittosporum high highMS Chrysanthemoides monilifera Boneseed high highMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

highMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high low






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 196: Seasonally Inundated Sub-saline Herbland

Description:Dominated by low-growing succulents and estuarine species. Occupies broad shallow basins that fill for several months following major floods. The geology is recent aeolian estuarine sands and the rainfall is approximately 600 mm per annum. Soils are grey silty clays.


codeProstrate Shrub 2 20% PSMedium Herb 2 30% MHMedium Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGSoil Crust na 10 % S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

65%

LF Code


Common Name

PS Wilsonia backhousei Narrow-leaf WilsoniaMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded Glasswort

MH Apium annuum Annual CeleryMNG Triglochin striatum Streaked

ArrowgrassR

ecruitment:Episodic/Flood: desirable period of disturbance is every five years


Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.


EVC 196: Seasonally Inundated Sub-saline Herbland - Otway Plain bioregion






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 198: Sedgy Riparian Woodland

Description:Eucalypt forest or woodland to 15 m tall with sedge-dominated understorey. Occurs on flats along low gradient creeks and drainage lines subject to seasonal inundation and waterlogging in moderately fertile habitats.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha

Tree Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name20% Eucalyptus ovata

Eucalyptus obliquaSwamp GumMessmate Stringybark


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 10% TMedium Shrub 5 20% MSMedium Herb 6 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 25% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 15% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 3 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGGround Fern 2 10% GFBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF Code



MS Acacia verticillata ssp. verticillata Prickly MosesMS Melaleuca squarrosa Scented PaperbarkMS Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bushMH Gonocarpus tetragynus Common RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy PennywortSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Matted PratiaLTG Lepidosperma laterale var. majus Variable Sword-sedgeLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall Sedge

LNG

Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedgeL

NGTetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grass

MTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Juncus planifolius Broad-leaf Rush

MNG

Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassM

NGTetrarrhena distichophylla Hairy Rice-grass

GF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Blechnum minus Soft Water-fernEP Amyema pendula Drooping Mistletoe

EVC 198: Sedgy Riparian Woodland - Otway Plain bioregion



Logs:20 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low LNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high

high






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 201: Shrubby Wet Forest

Description:Tall eucalypt forest to 30 m tall with scattered understorey trees over a tall broad-leaved shrubby understorey and a moist, shaded, fern-rich ground layer that is usually dominated by tree-ferns. Herbs may also be abundant where light penetrates the ground layer.


DBH(cm)90 cm

#/ha20 / ha


Eucalyptus viminalisMessmate StringybarkManna Gum


#Spp %Cover5%

LF codeIT

Understorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 9 20% MSProstrate Shrub 1 1% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 3 20% GFTree Fern 1 15% TRFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BL


EVC 201: Shrubby Wet Forest - Otway Plain bioregion

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameT Olearia argophylla Musk Daisy-bushT Notelaea ligustrina Privet Mock-oliveMS Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree EverlastingMS Acacia verticillata Prickly MosesMS Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bushMS Goodenia ovata Hop GoodeniaSS Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bellsSS Pultenaea stricta Rigid Bush-peaPS Acrotriche serrulata Honey-potsLH Mentha laxiflora Forest MintLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedLH Pterostylis longifolia s.l. Tall GreenhoodLH Wahlenbergia gracilis s.l. Sprawling BluebellMH Gonocarpus humilis Shade RaspwortMH Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf VioletMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Daucus glochidiatus Australian CarrotSH Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrelSH Leptostigma reptans Dwarf NerteraSH Goodenia lanata Trailing GoodeniaLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushLTG Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedgeLTG Carex appressa Tall SedgeLNG Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grassMTG Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Trigger-plantMTG Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grassMTG Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lilyMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMNG Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fernGF Blechnum nudum Fishbone Water-fernGF Adiantum aethiopicum Common MaidenhairTRF Cyathea australis Rough Tree-fernSC Clematis aristata Mountain ClematisSC Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berrySC Billardiera longiflora var. longiflora Purple Apple-berry



Logs:30 m/0.1 ha.







Otway Plain bioregionEVC 203: Stony Rises Woodland

Description:Eucalypt woodland to 15 m tall on stony rises (highly irregular terrain on recent basalt flows). Soils are fertile and well-drained but shallow or skeletal. Limited soil development outside of rock-cracks and dry summers promote annuals and deep-rooted perennials.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha15 / ha


Name15% Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. viminalis Manna Gum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 1 10% TMedium Shrub 1 5% MSSmall Shrub 1 5% SSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 8 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGGround Fern 2 20% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT



MS Cassinia longifolia Shiny CassiniaSS Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf BrambleLH Epilobium billardierianum ssp. cinereum Grey Willow-herbLH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselLH Rumex brownii Slender DockMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral CranesbillMH Ranunculus sessiliflorus Annual ButtercupMH Parietaria debilis s.l. Shade PellitorySH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelSH Crassula sieberiana Sieber CrassulaSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedMTG Austrodanthonia racemosa var. racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grassMTG Dichelachne rara Common Plume-grassMTG Poa ensiformis Sword Tussock-grassGF Pteridium esculentum Austral BrackenGF Asplenium flabellifolium Necklace FernGF Cheilanthes austrotenuifolia Green Rock FernSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis


EVC 203: Stony Rises Woodland - Otway Plain bioregion



Logs:15 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high low LH Carduus pycnocephalus Slender Thistle high

high LH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high lowLH Cirsium vulgare Spear Thistle high

high LH Solanum nigrum sensu Willis (1972)Black Nightshade high low

MH Cerastium glomeratum s.l. Common Mouse-ear Chickweed high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high lowMH Veronica persica Persian Speedwell high

low MH Trifolium subterraneum Subterranean Clover high lowMH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowMH Acetosella vulgaris Sheep Sorrel high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high low MTG Anthoxanthum odoratum Sweet Vernal-grass high

highMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high low




www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 233: Wet Sands Thicket

Description:Dense, impenetrable heathy scrub to 5 m tall with occasional emergent eucalypts. Occurs on Tertiary outwash geology on deep sandy grey loams to sands.

Lifeforms:Life form #Spp %Cover LF

codeMedium Shrub 5 50% MSSmall Shrub 4 10% SSMedium Herb 2 1% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 1 1% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 1% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 1% MNGGround Fern 1 1% GFScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF Code


Common NamePrickly Moses

MS Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-treeMS Pimelea linifolia Slender Rice-flowerMS r Monotoca glauca Currant-woodSS Leucopogon australis Spike Beard-heathSS Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-peaSS Bauera rubioides Wiry BaueraSS Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom SpurgeMH Selaginella uliginosa Swamp SelaginellaSH Mitrasacme pilosa var. pilosa Hairy MitrewortLTG Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-

sedgeMTG Patersonia fragilis Short Purple-flagMNG Tetrarrhena distichophylla Hairy Rice-grassGF Lindsaea linearis Screw FernSC Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-

laurelR

ecruitment:Episodic/Fire. Desirable period between disturbances is 30 years.


Weediness: LF

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMSMH MH MH LNG MTG M

Coprosma repensHypochoeris radicata Lotus uliginosusCentaurium erythraea Holcus lanatusBriza minorAnthoxanthum

Mirror BushCat's EarGreater Bird's-foot Trefoil Common CentauryYorkshire FogLesser Quaking-grass Sweet Vernal-grass

highhigh high high hig

highlow low low low low low hig

EVC 233: Wet Sands Thicket - Otway Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment September 2004© The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-commercial purposes is authorised, on condition that:





Otway Plain bioregionEVC 311: Berm Grassy Shrubland

Description:Low shrubland to 1.5 m tall occurring in sheltered coastal areas where sand deposits have formed as a result of low energy wave action. Contains a number of halophytic species over a ground layer of grasses and herbs.


codeMedium Shrub 2 20% MSSmall Shrub 2 5% SSLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 2 10% MHSmall Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 1% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code



MS Rhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana Seaberry SaltbushSS Frankenia pauciflora var. gunnii Southern Sea-heathLH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselLH Senecio glomeratus Annual FireweedMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora ssp. quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortMH Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum Jersey CudweedMH Actites megalocarpa Coast Sow-thistleSH Disphyma crassifolium ssp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-

flowerSH Dichondra repens KidneyweedLTG Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume

GrassMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-grassMTG Austrofestuca littoralis Coast FescueMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedge

Recruitment:

Continuous

Organic Litter:

10% Cover

Weediness: LF

Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS LHLH MHMH MH

Chrysanthemoides monilifera ssp. monilifera Sonchus oleraceusConyza albida Polycarpon tetraphyllumHypochoeris radicata Anagallis arvensisVulpia myuros Lagurus ovatus

BoneseedCommon Sow-thistle Tall FleabaneFour-leaved AllseedCat's Ear PimpernelRat's-tail Fescue Hare's-

high highhigh highhig

high lowlow lowlow

EVC 311: Berm Grassy Shrubland - Otway Plain bioregion






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 647: Plains Sedgy Wetland

Description:Occurs in seasonally wet depressions on volcanic and sedimentary plains, typically associated with fertile, silty, peaty or heavy clay paludal soils. Primarily sedgy-herbaceous vegetation, sometimes with scattered or fringing eucalypts or tea-tree/paperbark shrubs in higher rainfall areas. A range of aquatic herbs can be present, and species-richness is mostly relatively low to moderate, but higher towards drier margins.


codeLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 5 40% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNG

LF Code


Common NameVariable Willow-herb

MH Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Floating PondweedMH Myriophyllum simulans Amphibious Water-milfoilMH Stellaria angustifolia Swamp StarwortMH Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian LilaeopsisSH Neopaxia australasica White PurslaneSH Lobelia pratioides Poison LobeliaSH v Helichrysum aff. rutidolepis (Lowland Swamps) Pale Swamp EverlastingSH Eryngium vesiculosum PrickfootLTG Carex tereticaulis Hollow SedgeMTG k Lachnagrostis filiformis (perennial variety) Wetland Blown-grassMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMTG Glyceria australis Australian Sweet-grassMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG v Amphibromus sinuatus Wavy Swamp Wallaby-

grassRecruitment:

Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.


Logs:5 m/0.1 ha.(where trees are overhanging the wetland)

Weediness:LF Code

MTGTypical Weed SpeciesJuncus bulbosus

Common NameBulbous Rush

Invasiveh

igh

Impacthigh


EVC 647: Plains Sedgy Wetland - Otway Plain bioregion






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 821: Tall Marsh

Description:Occurs on Quaternary sedimentary geology of mainly estuarine sands, soils are peaty, silty clays, and average annual rainfall is approximately 600 mm. Requires shallow water (to 1 m deep) and low current-scour, and can only tolerate very low levels of salinity. Closed to open grassland/sedgeland to 3 m tall, dominated by Common Reed and Cumbungi. Small aquatic and semi- aquatic species occur amongst the reeds, however they are generally not visible during inundation.

Life Forms: Life form

#Spp %Cover LF codeLarge Herb 3 10% LHMedium Herb 3 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 20% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 40% LNGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 1% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover 80%

LF CodeLH

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeMyriophyllum verrucosum

Common NameRed Water-milfoil

LH Myriophyllum salsugineum Lake Water-milfoilLH Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flowerMH Rumex bidens Mud DockMH Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian LilaeopsisMH Lepilaena bilocularis Small-fruit Water-matSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaSH Wolffia australiana Tiny DuckweedSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-flowerSH Lemna disperma Common DuckweedLTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsLNG Typha orientalis Broad-leaf CumbungiLNG Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani River Club-sedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMNG Lepilaena cylindrocarpa Long-fruit Water-matMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedge


Weediness:LF CodeMH MNG

Typical Weed Species Cotula coronopifolia Paspalum distichum

Common Name Water Buttons Water Couch

Invasivehigh hi

Impact high high


EVC 300: Tall Marsh - Otway Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007






www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 851: Stream Bank Shrubland

Description:Rivers and major streams where the watercourse consists of either rocky banks, a flat rocky stream bed or broad gravel banks which are often dry but are also regularly flooded by fast flowing waters. There is a sparse overstorey of trees to 15 m tall, a dominant tall shrub layer and a ground layer of sedges and herbs.


DBH(cm)70 cm

#/ha10 / ha


Name10% Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum


codeImmature Canopy Tree 5% ITUnderstorey Tree or Large Shrub 2 10% TMedium Shrub 4 20% MSLarge Herb 3 5% LHMedium Herb 12 25% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 4 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 3 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 3 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 12 20% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 5 10% MNGScrambler or Climber 2 5% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 10% BL

LF CodeT


Common NameBlack Wattle

T Acacia melanoxylon BlackwoodMS Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-treeMS Hymenanthera dentata s.l. Tree VioletMS Bursaria spinosa ssp. spinosa Sweet BursariaMS Callistemon sieberi River BottlebrushLH Persicaria decipiens Slender KnotweedLH Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herbMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Hydrocotyle verticillata Shield PennywortMH Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrelSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum Sea CelerySH Hydrocotyle verticillata Shield PennywortLTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush

LNG

Phragmites australis Common ReedL

NGSchoenoplectus tabernaemontani River Club-sedge

MTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsM

NGMicrolaena stipoides var. stipoides Weeping Grass

MNG

Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed


EVC 851: Stream Bank Shrubland - Otway Plain bioregion



Logs:10 m/0.1 ha.

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactT Crataegus monogyna Hawthorn low highMS Rosa rubiginosa Sweet Briar low highMS Ulex europaeus Gorse low highLH Plantago lanceolata Ribwort high lowLH Rumex crispus Curled Dock high lowLH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high lowLH Rumex conglomeratus Clustered Dock high lowLH Sonchus asper s.l. Rough Sow-thistle high

low LH Helminthotheca echioides Ox-tonguehigh low

LH Aster subulatus Aster-weed high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low MH Trifolium angustifolium var. angustifolium Narrow-leaf Clover high low MH Trifolium dubium Suckling Clover high lowMH Plantago major Greater Plantain high

low SH Trifolium repens var. repens White Cloverhigh low

LTG Phalaris aquatica Toowoomba Canary-grass high highLNG Holcus lanatus Yorkshire Fog high highMTG Vulpia bromoides Squirrel-tail Fescue high

low MTG Bromus hordeaceus ssp. hordeaceusSoft Brome high low

MTG Nassella neesiana Chilean Needle-grass high highMTG Bromus diandrus Great Brome high lowMTG Lolium perenne Perennial Rye-grass high lowMTG Romulea rosea Onion Grass high lowMTG Bromus catharticus Prairie Grass high lowMTG Briza maxima Large Quaking-grass high lowMTG Briza minor Lesser Quaking-grass high lowMNG Cynosurus echinatus Rough Dog's-tail high lowMNG Dactylis glomerata Cocksfoot high highMNG Avena barbata Bearded Oat high lowMNG Paspalum distichum Water Couch high highSC Galium aparine Cleavers high lowSC Vicia sativa ssp. sativa Common Vetch high www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 858: Coastal Alkaline Scrub (syn. Calcarenite Dune Woodland)

Description:Near-coastal, deep calcareous (alkaline) and largely stable sand dunes and swales commonly dominated by Moonah Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolata. It occurs at low elevations of 20-60 m above sea level, average annual rainfall is approximately 550- 950 mm, and it occurs on a variety of geologies and soil types. Low woodland or tall shrubland to 8 m tall, typically with amedium shrub layer, small shrub layer and sedges, grasses and herbs in the ground layer.


Name30% Melaleuca lanceolata ssp. lanceolataAllocasuarina verticillata Leptospermum laevigatum

MoonahDrooping Sheoak Coast Tea-treeSweet Bursaria


codeMedium Shrub 3 20% MSSmall Shrub 1 1% SSProstrate Shrub 1 5% PSLarge Herb 2 1% LHMedium Herb 5 10% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 5% LTGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% MNGScrambler or Climber 2 1% SCBryophytes/Lichens na 20% BLTotal understorey projective foliage cover

85%

LF Code


Common NameCoast Wattle

MS Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heathMS Acacia retinodes var. uncifolia Coast WirildaSS Hibbertia sericea s.l. Silky Guinea-flowerPS Acrotriche prostrata Trailing Ground-berryMH Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisyMH Geranium potentilloides Cinquefoil CranesbillMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeSH Dichondra repens Kidney-weedSH Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrelLTG Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rushMTG Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lilyMTG Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedgeMTG Elymus scaber var. scaber Common Wheat-grassMTG Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grass

MNG

Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved ClematisSC Comesperma volubile Love Creeper

EVC 858: Coastal Alkaline Scrub (syn. Calcarenite Dune Woodland) - Otway Plain bioregion



Logs:5 m/0.1 ha. (note: large log class does not apply)

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMS Rhamnus alaternus Italian Buckthorn low

high MS Chrysanthemoides monilifera Boneseedhigh high LNG Holcus lanatusYorkshire Fog high high MTGCatapodium rigidum Fern Grass high low

MNG Lagurus ovatus Hare's-tail Grass high lowMNG Vulpia spp. Fescue high low






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 863: Floodplain Reedbed

Description:A closed to open grassland to 2–3 m tall, dominated by Common Reed. Small aquatic and semi-aquatic species occur amongst the reeds. It occurs on swamps on river plains, especially the lower reaches of the floodplain. Soils are Quaternary stream alluvium with floodplain and low level terrace deposits consisting of silt, clay and peat. Swamp Paperbark frequently fringes the margins of these reed beds.

Life Forms: Life


Large Herb 2 10% LHMedium Herb 2 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 1 5% MTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 30% LNGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCTotal understorey projective foliage cover

60%

LF Code


Common NameKangaroo Apple

MH Myriophyllum crispatum Upright Water-milfoilLH Lycopus australis Australian GipsywortLH Urtica incisa Scrub NettleSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-

flowerLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed



Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact

LHMH

Aster subulatusCotula coronopifolia

Aster-weedWater Buttons

highhigh

lowhigh


EVC 863: Floodplain Reedbed - Otway Plain bioregion







EVC 879: Coastal Dune GrasslandDescription:Consists of grasses and halophytes (succulents) that colonise the foredunes of ocean beaches. Soils are siliceous sands that have a very low humus content.

Understorey: Lifeform Medium Shrub Small Shrub Large Herb Medium HerbSmall or Prostrate HerbMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid Medium to Tiny Non-Tufted Graminoid Scrambler or Climber

#Spp %Cover LF Code1 5% MS1 5% SS2 5% LH4 5% MH3 10% SH3 10% MTG2 25% MNG1 1% SC

LF CodeMS



SS Suaeda australis Austral SeabliteLH Senecio pinnatifolius Variable GroundselMH Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgeeMH Actites megalocarpa Dune ThistleMH Apium annuum Annual CelerySH Carpobrotus rossii KarkallaSH Crassula sieberiana s.l. Sieber CrassulaMTG Dianella brevicaulis Small-flower Flax-lilyMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeMNG Spinifex sericeus Hairy SpinifexSC Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis



Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactMNG Thinopyrum junceiforme Sea Wheat-grass high high


EVC 879: Coastal Dune Grassland

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactSC Asparagus asparagoides Bridal Creeper high high LH Sonchus oleraceus Common Sow-thistle high high MH Leontodon taraxacoides subsp. Hairy Hawkbit high low

taraxacoidesLNG Ammophila arenaria Marram Grass high lowMH Hypochoeris radicata Cat's Ear high low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2009© The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that:• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.




www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 891: Plains Brackish Sedge Wetland (syn. with EVC 656: Brackish Wetland)

Description:Treeless EVC dominated by sedges and herbs that are generally indicative of saline conditions. True halophytic species such as samphires, if present, only occur with very low cover. Occurs in estuaries and along poorly defined drainage lines or associated with shorelines of brackish lakes.

Life Forms: Life

#Spp %Cover LF codeLarge Herb 1 5% LH

Medium Herb 3 15% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 3 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 1 10% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 2 10% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 5% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 15% MNGScrambler or Climber 1 1% SCSoil Crust na 10% S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

80%

LF Code


Common NameSlender Knotweed

LH Epilobium billardierianum ssp. billardierianum Smooth Willow-herbMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Suaeda australis Austral SeabliteSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-

flowerLTG Gahnia filum Chaffy Saw-sedgeLNG Juncus kraussii ssp. australiensis Sea RushLNG Phragmites australis Common ReedMTG Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-grassMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMNG Bolboschoenus caldwellii Salt Club-sedgeMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grassMNG Schoenoplectus pungens Sharp Club-sedgeMNG Triglochin striatum Streaked ArrowgrassSC Calystegia sepium Large Bindweed

Recruitment:Episodic/Flood: desirable period of disturbance is every five years



EVC 891: Plains Brackish Sedge Wetland (syn. with EVC 656: Brackish Wetland) – Otway Plain bioregion






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 898: Cane Grass-Lignum Halophytic Herbland

Description:Occurs within shallow depressions on otherwise flat terrain, where annual rainfall is approximately 600 mm. Geology is Quaternary sedimentary estuarine sands, and soils are silty clays, subject to periodic freshwater flooding. Varies from an open shrubland to grassland/sedgeland or herbland depending on site characteristics.


codeMedium Shrub 1 10% MSMedium Herb 4 5% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 20% SHLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 10% LNGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 3 20% MNGSoil Crust na 10 % S/CTotal understorey projective foliage cover

70%

LF Code


Common NameTangled Lignum

MH Rumex bidens Mud DockMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortMH Stellaria angustifolia Swamp StarwortSH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaSH Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-

flowerSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Neopaxia australasica White PurslaneLNG Eragrostis australasica Cane-grassMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass

Recruitment:

Continuous


Weediness: LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLHLH LH MH MH MTG M

Rumex conglomeratusSonchus oleraceus Rumex crispusCotula coronopifolia Atriplex prostrata

Clustered DockCommon Sow-thistle Curled DockWater Buttons Hastate Orache

highhigh high high hig

highlow high high high

EVC 898: Cane Grass-Lignum Halophytic Herbland - Otway Plain bioregion






Otway Plain bioregionEVC 899: Plains Freshwater Sedge Wetland

Description:Occurs in seasonally wet depressions on volcanic and sedimentary plains, typically associated with fertile, silty, peaty or heavy clay paludal soils. Primarily sedgy-herbaceous vegetation, sometimes with scattered or fringing eucalypts or tea-tree/paperbark shrubs in higher rainfall areas. A range of aquatic herbs can be present, and species-richness is mostly relatively low to moderate, but higher towards drier margins.


codeLarge Herb 2 5% LHMedium Herb 5 40% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 5 10% SHLarge Tufted Graminoid 2 5% LTGLarge Non-tufted Graminoid 1 5% LNGMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 4 25% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 5% MNG

LF Code


Common NameVariable Willow-herb

MH Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Floating PondweedMH Myriophyllum simulans Amphibious Water-milfoilMH Crassula helmsii Swamp CrassulaMH Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian LilaeopsisSH Neopaxia australasica White PurslaneSH Lobelia pratioides Poison LobeliaSH v Helichrysum aff. rutidolepis (Lowland Swamps) Pale Swamp EverlastingSH Eryngium vesiculosum PrickfootLTG Carex tereticaulis Hollow SedgeLTG Triglochin procerum s.l. Water RibbonsMTG k Lachnagrostis filiformis (perennial variety) Wetland Blown-grassMTG Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grassMTG Glyceria australis Australian Sweet-grassMNG Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedgeMNG v Amphibromus sinuatus Wavy Swamp Wallaby-

grassRecruitment:

Episodic/Flood. Desirable period between disturbances is 5 years.


Logs:5 m/0.1 ha.(where trees are overhanging the wetland)

Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive Impact

LHMTG

Rumex crispusJuncus bulbosus

Curled DockBulbous Rush

highh

igh

highhigh


EVC 899: Plains Freshwater Sedge Wetland - Otway Plain bioregion







EVC 952: Estuarine ReedbedDescription:Estuarine Reedbed occurs in areas that are semi-permanently inundated by moderately saline water, on anaerobic silts and clays. It is strongly dominated by Common Reed, often with very few, if any, other species. Where present, these include a range of salt-tolerant herbs, sedges and rushes. Estuarine Reedbed commonly borders estuarine wetland, which is dominated by Sea Rush.

Understorey: Lifeform Medium HerbSmall or Prostrate Herb Large Non-Tufted Graminoid

#Spp %Cover LF Code2 5% MH1 5% SH1 50% LNG

LF Code Species typical of at least part of EVC range Common NameMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortSH Apium prostratum subsp. prostratum Sea CeleryLNG Bolboschoenus caldwellii Salt Club-sedgeLNG Phragmites australis Common Reed


Weediness:LF Code Typical Weed Species Common Name Invasive ImpactLH Chenopodium albumLH Aster subulatusMH Atriplex prostrata

Fat Hen Aster-weedHastate Orache

low lowlow lowlow low

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment© The State of Victoria Government Department of Sustainability and Environment 2004This publication is copyright. Reproduction and the making available of this material for personal, in-house or non-comercial is authorised, on condition that:

• the copyright owner is acknowledged;• no official connection is claimed;• the material is made available without charge or cost; and• the material is not subject to inaccurate, misleading or derogatory treatment.




www.dse.vic.gov.au


Otway Plain bioregionEVC 953: Estuarine Scrub

Description:Closed scrub to 6 m tall growing on the edge of estuarine waterbodies such as creeks, rivers and lagoons with intermediate salinity and poor drainage conditions. Dominated by Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermum lanigerum with a halophytic (succulent) ground layer dominated by graminoids and herbs. Often occurs in close association with Estuarine Wetland.

Canopy Cover:%cover Character Species Common Name50% Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-tree

Understorey: Life form #Spp %Cover LF codeMedium Shrub 2 10% MSMedium Herb 3 20% MHSmall or Prostrate Herb 2 5% SHMedium to Small Tufted Graminoid 2 10% MTGMedium to Tiny Non-tufted Graminoid 2 15% MNGTotal understorey projective foliage cover 60%

LF CodeMS

Species typical of at least part of EVC rangeRhagodia candolleana ssp. candolleana

Common NameSeaberry Saltbush

MS Atriplex cinerea Coast SaltbushMH Samolus repens Creeping BrookweedMH Chenopodium glaucum Glaucous GoosefootMH Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded GlasswortSH Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-matSH Apium prostratum ssp. prostratum Sea CeleryMTG Poa poiformis Blue Tussock-grassMTG Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grassMNG Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedgeMNG Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass



Weediness:LF CodeMH LNG

Typical Weed SpeciesHypochoeris radicata Holcus lanatus

Common NameCat's Ear Yorkshire Fog

Invasivehigh hi

Impactlow high


EVC 53: Estuarine Scrub - Otway Plain bioregion

Published by the Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment November 2007






www.dse.vic.gov.au

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