EuroSYS IEC 61850 Substation Automation v2.2.1 System ... · Properties of the project folder...

USER GUIDE

EuroSYS v2.2.1

IEC 61850 Substation Automation System Configuration Tool

Information in this document is subject to change without notice and does not mean any liability to SoftReal Ltd. Copying the software described in this document to any media is prohibited by law except for the rights explicitly granted by the license agreement. Without the explicit prior permission of SoftReal Ltd. this document may not be reproduced or transmitted, partly or entirely, in any form or by any means, neither mechanically, nor electronically, including photo-copying and scanning. All trademarks and registered trademarks are reserved by their respective owners.

Copyright © 2009-2014

SoftReal Ltd.

All rights reserved.

Késmárk utca 7/A Körvasút sor 105. 1158 Budapest 1158 Budapest Hungary Hungary www.protecta.hu www.ovit.hu

Ákos utca 51 1162 Budapest Hungary August 2014. www.softreal.eu eurosys_user_221_en.docx

Preface

Please do not print this document even if you think you really need to! The document was utterly designed for electronic reading only. Thank you for your kind cooperation!

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Table of Contents

Chapter 1: Introduction 1-1About the document 1-1The purpose of the program and its basic features 1-1

Chapter 2: Getting Started 2-1First launch 2-1Become familiar with the program 2-3

Working with trees 2-5Exit the program 2-6

Chapter 3: „Tree” Page, „Substation view” Panel 3-1Project and file manager 3-2

Create a new project 3-3Create a new substation configuration 3-4Create a new configuration from an SSD file 3-4Open a substation configuration 3-5The list of recently used files 3-5Save substation configuration 3-6Save as 3-6Rename a project or a substation 3-6Move a substation configuration 3-6Delete a project or a substation 3-7Cut a substation file to the clipboard 3-7

Properties of project and substation objects 3-7Properties of the project folder object 3-7Properties of the substation file object 3-8

Configured items of the substation 3-9Add a new voltage level 3-10Add a new bay 3-10Create an IED or IED template link 3-10Rename a voltage level or a bay 3-12Move a bay or an IED (template) link 3-12Delete a voltage level, a bay, or an IED (template) link 3-12Cut a bay or an IED (template) link to the clipboard 3-12

Properties of topology objects 3-13Properties of the voltage level object 3-13Properties of the bay object 3-13Properties of the IED link object 3-14Properties of the IED template link object 3-14

Chapter 4: „Tree” Page, „IED view” Panel 4-1Add a new IED 4-2

Add IED to configuration dialog window 4-3Fill an IED template 4-4

Load IED from ICD dialog window 4-5

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Clone an IED 4-6Clone IED dialog window 4-6

Rename an IED or an IED template 4-6Delete an IED, an IED template or a link 4-7Copy IED items to the clipboard 4-7Modify an IED 4-8

IED editor dialog window 4-8Create a Report or GOOSE link 4-10Move a Report or a GOOSE link 4-10Cut a Report or a GOOSE link to the clipboard 4-11Manage links 4-11

Manage report links dialog window 4-11Manage GOOSE links dialog window 4-12

Create a CID file 4-13Properties of IED panel objects 4-14

Properties of the IED template object 4-14Properties of the IED object 4-15Properties of the AP object 4-15Properties of the LD object 4-16Properties of the LN object 4-16Properties of the Data set object 4-17Properties of the Report object 4-17Properties of the GOOSE object 4-18Properties of the Report link object 4-19Properties of the GOOSE link object 4-19

Chapter 5: „Tree” Page, „Communication view” Panel 5-1Automatic IP addresses 5-2Automatic GOOSE addresses 5-3Add a new subnet 5-4Add a new physical connection 5-4Create an AP or GOOSE link 5-5Modify data of an AP link 5-5

AP link editor dialog window 5-6Modify data of a GOOSE link 5-7

GOOSE link editor dialog window 5-7Rename a subnet or a physical connection 5-8Move an AP link 5-8Delete communication elements 5-8Cut an AP link to the clipboard 5-9Properties of communication panel objects 5-9

Properties of the subnet object 5-9Properties of the AP link object 5-10Properties of the GOOSE link object 5-10Properties of the physical connection object 5-11

Chapter 6: „SCL” -1Create the SCD file 6-2

Chapter 7: Print Configuration 7-1

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Print dialog window 7-1Sample IED object print 7-2Sample communication print 7-3

Chapter 8: Program Language 8-1Chapter 9: Help Menu 9-1

About 9-1Credits 9-1

Program version history 9-1

Chapter 10: EuroSYS Lite 10-1Chapter 11: Dictionary 11-1

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Chapter 1: Introduction About the document This document describes the EuroSYS application, created by SoftReal Ltd. in cooperation with Ovit Zrt. and Protecta Ltd. The document defines the basic functions and features of the program. It describes in detail the user interface, the possible operations and how to perform them. Besides that, it describes those underlying operations that essentially affect the usability of the program. Programming has been carried out by the software developers of SoftReal Ltd.

In this document there are such (more or less) common English origin abbreviations and acronyms, whose usage is indispensible in order to define the operations precisely and unambiguously. These basic terms are listed and explained in the dictionary located in the last chapter. In other chapters there are cross-references defined for the occurrences of the dictionary elements. Thus, if the text contains an unknown acronym or abbreviation, that is not explained instantly, you can jump to the dictionary with a mouse click for an explanation.

The purpose of the program and its basic features The EuroSYS program serves for the configuration of an IEC 61850 standard Substation Automation System (SAS). The program keeps all data of a substation in an ESC file, from which it creates the standard SCD file that is interpreted separately by the configurator programs of the devices installed in the substation.

Configuration is done through the following steps.

• Prepare the substation for the configuration. Create a new ESC file (within an existing or a new project). If you have an SSD specification file then you can create the new configuration from it; substation topology will be created automatically. Otherwise create the topology (voltage levels, bays) of the substation based on the plan documentation.

• Select from the interchangeable devices of different manufacturers which will be mounted in the substation. The primary equipments (transducers, switching equipments) are currently not intelligent parts of the system, and therefore not included in the configuration. However, the protections (and bay machines), Gateway(s) and local graphic display program(s) (HMI) are included. These devices are called IEDs, whose properties (the factory-defined prototype description) are embodied by ICD files. Create as many devices from the ICD files as needed in the substation; each of them receives a unique name. If you started with an SSD file then you may have planned IEDs as templates which shall be filled from ICD files.

• Place the IED device (all its LN elements) in the substation topology. Please note that there is no opportunity in EuroSYS to place several LNs in different bays. If you started with an SSD file then IED templates are already placed in the substation topology.

• Establish the communication between the devices. A Gateway or HMI device receives the data of the chosen Report(s) from the other devices. The devices in the bays use a different method, GOOSE messages to exchange data (e.g. interlock information). If it is needed, and also permitted by the manufacturer, the message descriptors in the IED – LD – LN device elements can be modified.

Introduction

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• The insertion of the first IED device or the filling of the first template will automatically

create a local subnet, containing the corresponding elements. The IP addresses of the first device have to be set, the following items may be connected to the already configured network upon creation. The program will assign unique addresses to the network elements (including the GOOSE messages).

• Let the program create the SCD file (recommended) or export CID files for all IEDs.

The task of the EuroSYS program ends at this point. Further configuration should be carried out by the own configurator software of each device based on the SCD or CID file.

The EuroSYS program is a 32-bit Windows application. The program has an SDI interface in accordance with the Windows Logo requirements therefore only one substation configuration can be opened at a time. However, if you want to deal with multiple configurations simultaneously, then multiple instances of the program can be started. The program requires Windows 2000, XP, Vista, 7 or newer operating system (any edition, such as "Home", "Professional", "Ultimate" etc. is suitable including server versions). The program can be used without problems even by a user with limited rights, under the most rigorous security settings.

By default, the program creates folders and files under the "My Documents" folder. (Its actual name can be different, depending on the Windows version in use. For example, in Vista it appears as Desktop - User - Documents, which is physically located in the %volume%:\Users\%current user%\Documents folder.) In this starting folder the program creates the " EuroSYS\Projects" folder and within this it creates the project folders. If you want to share data with other users, you can move the whole structure to the "All Users" folder (in Vista, it is referred as the "Public" folder).

The program stores settings by user profile. This way each user on the same computer may use his own preferred settings.

The EuroSYS program has a multi-language user interface. The user interface is currently available on the following languages:

• English

• Magyar (Hungarian)

The program is using Unicode encoded texts, so different languages can be mixed freely and can be displayed simultaneously in a configuration, like here: Русский (Russian), Ελληνικά (Greek), .हन्द� (Hindi), 中文 (Chinese) etc� ,(Arabic) ةيبرعلا

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Chapter 2: Getting Started First launch

When the program is launched the very first time an empty window is shown. To start working with the program, first you have to create a new substation configuration. Click on the New configuration (Ctrl + N) speed button, or select the File | New (Ctrl + N) menu command. (Please note that a new configuration can be created also with the File | New from SSD File menu item or speed button – see later.)

Getting Started

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The program creates the starting folders (My Documents\EuroSYS\Projects) and also creates a new project folder (New Project.project). The ESC file of the new, empty substation configuration is offered to be saved in this folder. Press the Save button, and the working environment is already created.

The program provides complete freedom for placing the ESC files. If you want to use the built-in project manager, but want to keep the files in another place (drive), you can move the created folder structure to the chosen placement (it is enough to move the New project.project folder).

An ESC files may exist in a folder of a different file type, but in this case the built-in project manager turns off automatically. The installer of the program associates the ESC file type with the EuroSYS program, so these files can be opened with a double click from the Windows browser or from other shell programs (e.g. from Total Commander), no matter where they reside.

Become familiar with the program

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First of all, please notice that the window size and position is adjustable. If the window is set to full size , it completely fills the screen (except for the system tray, if it is set so); when set to small size , it is withdrawn to the tray. The program records and restores the position, size and state of the window. The same is true for resizable panels, and even for resizable dialog windows. A „view” panel can be enlarged horizontally and within it the „Object properties” panel can be enlarged vertically. The window and other resizable elements have a constraint that defines the smallest possible size. Besides restoring the last size, the most recently used substation file is also re-opened by the program, this way restoring the state left at the last quit.

The menu and speed button bar on the top of the window, and also the status bar at the bottom of the window are standard window elements. Please notice that the status bar provides additional details about the item, which is currently pointed by the mouse cursor. The hint appearing in a bubble (if there is any) is generally more laconic than the information appearing on the status bar or it contains completely different information. Moreover, while the bubble help appears for a short time (except for some special lists of some object properties), the status bar displays the explanation of the item pointed by the mouse all the time.

Getting Started

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The program's layout reflects to the configuration steps listed in the introduction. The items placed in the internal part of the window are also standard Windows control elements, but their placement is customized according to their function.

With the help of the buttons located under the speed buttons, you may choose between two completely different pages. All configuring happens on the Tree page, therefore the program selects this page when starting. On the SCL (Substation Configuration Language) page you can see the program-generated SCD file corresponding to the IEC 61850 standard. (The two pages are represented by buttons instead of tabs because the appearance of a tabbed sheet is not advantageous for the contained panels.)

On the Tree page, the Substation view, the IED view (Intelligent Electronic Device view) and the Communication view panels show three different views of the substation configuration. At the bottom of all three panel there is a flip panel called Object properties which gives a brief summary of the selected item of the tree above it, and wherever it is possible, the properties can also be modified. The contents of the object property panels will be described in detail in the following chapters. Hereby only the resizing of panels is discussed.

The size of the panels of the three views can be increased against the others by dragging the strip between them. The result of resizing might seem to be unusual at first. Experiment with it, until you get used to it!


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The Object properties panel at the bottom of the three view-panels is also resizable. There is also a fast way of opening and closing the panel: click on the push pin in the top right corner of the panel. If the push pin is pinned , then a click on it will pull it out, and the panel will fall to the bottom of the window. If the push pin is pulled out , then a click on it will once again pin up the panel to a predefined location. If you pull down the panel with the resizing bar then the push pin will also come out, and if you pull up the panel, the push pin will pin it up to the current position.

Working with trees

During configuration most of the time you will have to manipulate tree items. There are several ways to facilitate this work.

The most obvious way to show or hide the next level of a tree is to click on the symbol at the beginning of the line. The same result can be achieved by double clicking the item and also with the ‘+’ and ‘-‘ keys on the numeric keypad.

Getting Started

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You can fully expand the tree in a single step by pressing the ‘*’ numeric key.

When you want to create or move a link in the tree it can be obvious to drag and drop the item. But if you have to drag it to a faraway target within the same tree then you consider to use the Cut (Ctrl + X), Copy (Ctrl + C), Paste (Ctrl + V) and Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) editor commands.

Exit the program

This is the next operation after launching the program which you will definitely want to carry out. No matter which of the following methods you use to exit the program, there will be a chance to save your work before it, since the program will ask confirmation.


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The most obvious way to exit is closing the window with clicking the button or pressing the Alt + F4 keys. The File | Exit menu command is also obvious. The so called system menu popped up from the icon in the top left corner of the window is also available (both left and right mouse buttons will pop up the menu).

The window can also be closed from the menu of the system tray icon (right-click to pop up).

Getting Started

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If all other methods fail, then invoke the Task Manager.

As mentioned in the beginning of the chapter, you still have the chance to save your work. The End Task button will show up the program window and the program will ask the discussed confirmation. If you do not save the open configuration within a few seconds, all is still not lost: in the following window select the Cancel button.

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Chapter 3: „Tree” Page, „Substation view” Panel

The work should be started in the left panel called Substation view.

There are two, fundamentally different functions implemented by this panel. The exterior elements ("nodes") of the tree are project folders and ESC-type substation configuration files. These are managed by the built-in project and file manager; the commands of the File menu apply to these elements. The last opened, active configuration is bold. The items are listed in alphabetical order.

Under the active configuration (open ESC file) the items (voltage level, bay, IED link, IED template link) has been created either during the configuration or from the imported SSD file. The management of these items is discussed separately.

There are situations during the project and file management when the program completely rebuilds the tree (e.g. when opening a substation configuration). In this case the program tries to keep item selection, and also makes visible the selected item. The program opens the project folder of the active configuration anyway, and closes the others. It expands the tree under the active configuration (in single depth).

The Refresh button appears in the top right corner of the panel; press it to rebuild the tree.

„Tree” Page, „Substation view” Panel

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Project and file manager

The project icon marks items that are physically folders named *.project, the ESC file icon marks files named *.esc.

As it was already mentioned in the First launch section, ESC files can be placed at any location, they can be opened with the program from any place in the file system. If the file opened is not in a folder named *.project, then the built-in project manager automatically turns off, as it is shown on the following screenshot.

It can be seen that the file manager still works within the folder, but the project items are no longer listed.

In the followings, the project and file management operations are described. The commands of the File menu – with the exception of Print (Ctrl + P) and Exit – are all such operations. In addition, the commands of the Edit menu are also available. Some of these commands also appear in the local menu popped up in the tree, or can be found as a speed button.


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From these operations only the File | Save (Ctrl + S) and the File | Save as... are enabled even if not the Tree page is displayed. (The SCD file shown on the „SCL” page cannot be saved with these commands.) Before starting any other operation, the Tree page must be shown.

Here we call attention that while the program is running, project folders and substation files should only be changed with the integrated operations! The browser windows offered by the program are appropriate to create, rename or delete folders and files. This situation will not cause any problem unless you cancel the operation after this, because if the program is informed about the new name of the active configuration and its new access path, it will create the substation tree properly.

Make sure that if you start multiple copies of the program, you do not open the same file twice! The program does not deny access to the file opened, the last saving wins (works the same way as the Notepad.) There is no problem if the open file is renamed, moved or deleted from outside of the program because the file is re-created when you save it. If you want to work with more than one file simultaneously, it is the best choice to start the EuroSYS program from a browser with the associated *.esc file. Otherwise, the program automatically opens the last used file at start, so if another copy of the program is started, it will open the same file.

The substation’s Object properties panel will be described in a separate section (Properties of project and substation objects).

Create a new project

The File | New Project menu command and the New Project command in the local menu are always enabled on the Tree page. The program creates a new folder in the root folder containing the project folders. A unique name is found for the folder. Finally the newly created project is offered for renaming (see also the Rename a project or a substation section).


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Create a new substation configuration

The File | New (Ctrl + N) menu command, the New (Ctrl + N) command in the local menu and the New configuration (Ctrl + N) speed button are always allowed on the Tree page. The offered destination folder depends on the context. If the command is issued when a project folder or a substation file is selected, then the selected item, otherwise the active configuration defines the destination folder. If the program can not define a destination folder, then it offers the starting folder described in the First launch section, even creates it when necessary (My Documents\EuroSYS\Projects\New Project.project).

The new configuration also need to be saved in the Save Configuration As browser window. Since the program allows complete freedom in ESC file storage, it offers a standard browser window. Before doing so, you must confirm the saving of the active configuration (if there are any unsaved changes), since the new configuration will be opened at the end of the operation.

A file with the name offered in the window may already exist in the offered folder; in this case you must confirm replacing the file with the new one.

Create a new configuration from an SSD file

The File | New From SSD File menu command, the New From SSD File command in the local menu and the New form SSD file speed button creates a new configuration based on an SSD file. The command is always allowed on the Tree page. The offered destination folder and substation file name is the same as the ones of a new empty configuration.

After saving the active configuration (when necessary) an SSD file must be opened in a browser window. When the SSD file was processed successfully, the new configuration need to be saved as described in the previous section.

The SSD file is typically created by a suitable CAD application (such as OmegaCAD). The file contains a Substation SCL element. EuroSYS creates not only the voltage level and bay items but also IED template links in the bays and IED template items on the IED view panel when an LNode element is encountered within a bay. Please note that other SCL elements (ConductingEquipment, Terminal etc.) are not processed so they will not appear in the output SCD file.

The iedName attribute in an LNode element is treated as a Plan ID of the planned IED. When the first reference is found, EuroSYS creates the IED template and IED template link objects; the name of the IED template is based on the Plan ID but follows the restrictions (must be an MMS visible string). The length of the name is limited to 30 characters (the IED name and the longest LD inst cannot be longer than 64 characters). Other LNode references will also be enlisted in the IED template as planned LNs.

IED templates will be filled with real IEDs during configuration. Since an IED’s name will most probably change, the original Plan ID is written to the output SCD file in a private element, like this:


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<IED name=”C1K_DTVA400” desc=”Protection IEC 61850” type=”Europrot” manufacturer=”Protecta Ltd.” configVersion=”2.8”> <private type=”OmegaCAD_planID”> C1+SR1-F321 </private> … </IED>

Open a substation configuration

The most simple way to open a substation configuration is to double click it. The File | Open (Ctrl + O) menu command, the Open (Ctrl + O) command of the local menu and the Open configuration (Ctrl + O) speed button are always allowed on the Tree page. The destination folder offered during execution depends on the context. If the command is issued when a substation configuration file is selected, then the selected item will be opened.

Otherwise, the substation file can be selected in the Open Substation Configuration browser window. Since the program allows for complete freedom of ESC file storage, it offers a standard browser window.

You must confirm the saving of the active configuration when issuing the command (if there are unsaved changes).

The list of recently used files

The File / Open Recent menu item is only allowed if the Tree page is active and there was a file opened already. The submenu lists the last ten recently opened ESC files, the top row contains the name of the recently opened file. The hint of the lines display the full name of the file (in the status line).


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Save substation configuration

The File | Save (Ctrl + S) menu command and the Save configuration (Ctrl + S) speed button are allowed even if not the Tree page is displayed, but only if there is an unsaved change in the active configuration. Save the file regularly, but only if you are sure you do not want later to undo actions. Otherwise, save it with a different name, since changes cannot be undone, and the program does not make a backup file either.

Save as

The File | Save As... menu command is allowed even if not the Tree page is displayed, but only if there is an active (open) configuration. This operation does not alter the original file. If there are no unsaved changes, then this operation can be used to copy the file (there is no other operation for this purpose). If there are unsaved changes, then the original file will serve as a backup in case you still want to undo the changes.

The new file name should be written into the Save Configuration As browser window, where the active file is offered. Since the program allows complete freedom of ESC file storage, it uses a standard browser window.

The original file can be also overwritten after confirmation; this is equivalent to the save operation described in the previous section.

Rename a project or a substation

The name of the selected project folder or substation file item can be rewritten with the local editor. Either click on the name of the selected item, or choose the File | Rename main menu item or the Rename local menu command. The menu commands also launch the local editor. The file or project folder of the active configuration can be also renamed.

The editor window opens with one simple click, therefore if you want to select an item, it is better to click the icon before the name of the item, or use the arrow, Num+ , Num-, Num* keys. Editing can be aborted by pressing the Esc key, and must be confirmed with Enter. At this point the program tries to perform the operation, and if it fails (because the name you entered is already existing or invalid), then it shows an error message and restores the original name.

Move a substation configuration

If you want to move a substation file to another project folder, then you can simply drag it there with the mouse, or cut and paste from the clipboard (see Cut a substation file to the clipboard). It can be dropped on a file in the other folder, or the moved file can be pasted there, too. The source folder and its files do not accept the file of course (see on the second picture). The file of the active configuration can also be moved.

Properties of project and substation objects

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If you started dragging an item accidentally, do not release the mouse button due to the shock, but with your other hand press the Esc key, or drop it to a place where it is not accepted.

Delete a project or a substation

The File | Delete (Ctrl + Delete) main menu command and the Delete (Ctrl + Delete) local menu command deletes the selected substation file or project folder. The file and folder of the active configuration cannot be deleted. If the project folder is not empty, after confirmation all contained files will be deleted (including the folders not shown in the program, and all files contained by them etc.).

The deleted files and folders are moved to the Recycle Bin and can be restored, but you should do this only after exiting the program.

Cut a substation file to the clipboard

The Edit | Cut (Ctrl + X) menu command, the Cut (Ctrl + X) speed button or the Cut (Ctrl + X) command of the local menu puts the selected substation file on the clipboard. When you select the Edit | Paste (Ctrl + V) menu command, the Paste (Ctrl + V) speed button or the Paste (Ctrl + V) command of the local menu, then will actually happen the cutting and pasting of the item (see Move a substation configuration).

Properties of project and substation objects The content of the Object properties panel, opened under the substation tree, changes according to the kind of data (object) represented by the selected item in the tree. The window header does not change. The next line shows the type and name of the object. If no objects are selected then the panel is left blank.

Properties of the project folder object

If the selected item of the substation tree is a project folder, the Object properties panel looks like this.


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The hint of the line that sows the name of the project is displaying the full name of the project folder (both in the bubble and in the status bar).

In the window underneath it a brief description of the project can be written. The entered text can be saved with the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons the changes. The text is stored in a Unicode (UTF-16 encoded) text file named "project_info.txt" placed in the folder. The file can be opened even with Notepad.

Properties of the substation file object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the substation file is displaying the full name of the file (both in the bubble and in the status bar).

In the window underneath it a brief description of the substation can be written (it appears also in the SCD file). The entered text can be saved with the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons the changes. The text will be stored in the ESC file together with the other configuration data of the substation; the file also have to be saved (see the Save substation configuration and the Save as sections).

Configured items of the substation

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The items displayed under the active (open) configuration show the topology of the substation. Item types are:

• Voltage level

• Bay

• IED link

• IED template link (the placement of a planned IED)

The current version of the program does not handle the conducting equipments and terminals in the bays and the connections between the bays. An IED link or an IED template link can only be placed directly into a bay.

In the followings we describe the operations used to create and modify the topology. Certain commands of the Edit menu and the Configuration menu belong here. These commands also appear in the local menu popped up in the tree, or can be found as a speed button.

Please remember that the topology may have been created already if you created the configuration from an SSD file.


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The Object properties panel showing topology items will be described in a separate section (Properties of topology objects).

Add a new voltage level

After selecting the active configuration you can add a new voltage level to the configuration with the Configuration | Add (Ctrl + A) menu command, the Add item (Ctrl + A) speed button or the Add (Ctrl + A) local menu command. The new voltage level gets a unique name. The program offers the created voltage level to be renamed (see Rename a voltage level or a bay).

Add a new bay

After selecting a voltage level you can add a new bay to the voltage level with the Configuration | Add (Ctrl + A) menu command, the Add item (Ctrl + A) speed button or the

Add (Ctrl + A) local menu command. The new bay gets a unique name. The program offers the created bay to be renamed (see Rename a voltage level or a bay).

Create an IED or IED template link

The IED items listed on the IED view panel must be placed in the substation topology. This is carried out by creating an IED link in the appropriate bay. It can be achieved by either dragging and dropping the referenced IED item with the mouse on the bay, or by copying the IED item to the clipboard, and insert a link from the clipboard into the selected bay.


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IED template links are created automatically when a new configuration is created from an SSD file. A template link is not used until the template is filled with a real IED; in other respects it is treated the same way as an IED link.

The first picture shows the dragging of an IED item. The item can be dropped not only on the bay, but also on the links already existing in the bay. If you started dragging an item accidentally, do not release the mouse button due to the shock, but with your other hand press the Esc key, or drop it to a place where it is not accepted.

The next picture shows pasting a link after copying the same item to the clipboard (see Copy IED items to the clipboard). To perform this operation a bay or an existing link in it should be selected. Any of the Edit | Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) menu command, the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) speed button and the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) local menu command can be used.


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Rename a voltage level or a bay

The name of the selected voltage level or bay can be rewritten with the local editor. Either click on the name of the selected item, or choose the Configuration | Rename main menu item or the Rename local menu command. The menu commands also launch the local editor.


Move a bay or an IED (template) link

If you want to move either a bay under another voltage level, or an IED or IED template link into another bay, then you should either drag and drop it with the mouse or cut and paste it (see Cut a bay or an IED (template) link to the clipboard). An already existing bay in the selected item accepts the bay moved there, and another link also accepts the moved link.


Delete a voltage level, a bay, or an IED (template) link

The Configuration | Remove (Ctrl + R) main menu command, the Remove item (Ctrl + R) speed button and the Remove (Ctrl + R) local menu command removes the selected item from the configuration. The program asks for confirmation before performing the operation.

Cut a bay or an IED (template) link to the clipboard

The Edit | Cut (Ctrl + X) menu command, the Cut (Ctrl + X) speed button or the Cut (Ctrl + X) command of the local menu puts the selected bay or link on the clipboard. When you select the Edit Paste (Ctrl + V) menu command, the Paste (Ctrl + V) speed button or the Paste (Ctrl + V) command of the local menu, then will actually happen the cutting and pasting of the item (see Move a bay or an IED (template) link).

Properties of topology objects

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Properties of topology objects The content of the Object properties panel, opened under the substation tree, changes according to the kind of data (object) represented by the selected item in the tree. The window header does not change. The next line shows the type and name of the object. If no objects are selected then the panel is left blank.

Properties of the voltage level object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the voltage level also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line).

In the window underneath it a brief description of the voltage level can be written (it appears also in the SCD file). The entered text can be saved with the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons the changes.

Properties of the bay object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the bay also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line).

In the window underneath it a brief description of the bay can be written (it appears also in the SCD file). The entered text can be saved with the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons changes.


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Properties of the IED link object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the IED link also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line).

Properties of the IED template link object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the IED template link also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line).

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Chapter 4: „Tree” Page, „IED view” Panel

The middle panel lists the devices of the configuration. This panel is to be used to define the data exchange between devices. The IED items are listed in alphabetical order. Items within the IED appear in the order of the following list; items of the same type appear in the order of their definition, except for the links, which are sorted by name. Item types are:

• IED (a link to this should be created in the Substation view panel)

• IED template (planned IED, should be filled)

• AP (the link in the Communication view panel is to be configured)

• LD (in a serverless AP with LNs it is only a placeholder named ‘(none)’)

• LN (<LN0> and <LN> items)

• Data set (this can be modified if permitted by the manufacturer)

• Report (server) (a link to this can be created in the client LN)

• GOOSE (publisher) (a link to this can be created in the subscriber LN; the link in the Communication view panel is to be configured)

• IED / LD / LN / Report link (client)

• IED / LD / GOOSE link (subscriber; GOOSE can be only in an LN0)

„Tree” Page, „IED view” Panel

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The IED, IED template, Report and GOOSE items are marked with an asterisk, if there is a link for the item. The link on the Communication view panel is handled automatically by the program, its existence is not indicated.

In the followings we describe the operations related to the items. The Edit menu and certain commands of the Configuration menu belong here. These commands also appear in the local menu popped up in the tree, or can be found as a speed button.

The Object properties panel belonging to the items of the IED panel will be described in a separate section (Properties of IED panel objects).

Add a new IED The Configuration | Add (Ctrl + A) menu command, the Add item (Ctrl + A) speed button and the Add (Ctrl + A) local menu command is allowed on all items of the tree; with these commands you can add a new device to the configuration. The new IED gets a unique name. The name will be ‘COMn’ when a networking device is created. If the IED is created from an ICD file then its name is based on the ICD file name but follows the restrictions (must be an MMS visible string). The length of the name is limited to 30 characters (the IED name and the longest LD inst cannot be longer than 64 characters). The data of the IED are specified in the Add IED to configuration dialog window.

The AP and GOOSE links of the new IED are created automatically on the Communication view panel. If an existing subnetwork was selected in the dialog window then APs are connected to it. Otherwise a new subnet is created named „APname in IEDname”. The items should be moved from here to an already configured network, or the properties of the very

Add a new IED

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first items should be set. The program also loads the communication settings found in the ICD file, except for the automatically assigned addresses.

A new IED can also be created by copying. Copy the source IED to the clipboard (see Copy IED items to the clipboard), after then insert the copy with the help of the Edit | Paste (Ctrl + V) menu command, the Paste (Ctrl + V) speed button or the Paste (Ctrl + V) command of the local menu. The paste command is allowed everywhere on the panel.

An exact copy of the source is created. The AP and GOOSE link copies are connected to the same subnet as the source. Plugs, Report clients and GOOSE subscriptions are also copied.

The program offers the created device to be renamed (see Rename an IED or an IED template).

Add IED to configuration dialog window


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The parameters of the new IED are set in this dialog window. The window is resizable, it can be set to full size. When restarted, the program will remember the last state of the window, including the editor components.

Basically there are three ways to add a new IED to the configuration.

Beside devices described by an ICD file, simple network devices can also be created in order to get a definitely unique IP address in the configuration. Such devices have only one (serverless) AP item, its properties will get the Clock and Router settings. These properties can be changed later (see Properties of the AP object).

The new device can be created from the ICD file by defining file name. You can launch a file browser with the Browse button; the name of the selected file will be put into the adjacent editor box. The ICD file will also be stored in the *.esc configuration file. The XML encoding of the ICD file is checked before storing in the configuration. Encoding other than UTF-16, UTF-8 or ASCII is not supported; ANSI locale characters may be misinterpreted when the configuration file is saved and reopened. The user may cancel the process when an unsupported encoding is encountered. Furthermore, the false format may cause the content of the ICD template to be lost when saving. If such event can be foreseen then the program prevents the user to continue the operation.

If there is an already existing ICD file with the same name and content, then that will be used (as if you had selected it from the list according to the third method). If there is already an ICD file with the same name in the configuration, but its content is different, then the new file receives a unique name and will be stored the same way as a file with an unknown name. At this point the program checks whether the data type definitions in the ICD file are in conflict with those that are in the files already loaded. In case of conflict, the data type definitions are renamed, this way the content of the stored ICD file will be different from the original file. That is why you should not rely on this method if you want to create several similar devices, but rather select the third option.

The third option serves for the populating devices of an already known type in the configuration. The basic properties of the ICD file are displayed in the list helping to select an ICD template for IED creation. Similar result can be achieved by copying an existing IED (see at the beginning of this section).

Fill an IED template A planned IED defined in the SSD file appears as an IED template. If a template is selected in the tree then it can be filled with a real IED with the Configuration | Modify main menu command, with the Modify data speed button or with the Modify local menu command. The same function can be started by double-clicking. In addition, the operation can be started with the

Load button on the object properties panel. The data of the IED are specified in the Load IED from ICD dialog window.

The AP and GOOSE links of the new IED are created automatically on the Communication view panel. If an existing subnetwork was selected in the dialog window then APs are connected to it. Otherwise a new subnet is created named „APname in IEDname”. The items should be moved from here to an already configured network, or the properties of the very first items should be set. The program also loads the communication settings found in the ICD file, except for the automatically assigned addresses.

Fill an IED template

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Load IED from ICD dialog window

The parameters of the new IED are set in this dialog window. The window is resizable, it can be set to full size. When restarted, the program will remember the last state of the window, including the editor components.

The new device can be created from the ICD file by defining file name. You can launch a file browser with the Browse button; the name of the selected file will be put into the adjacent editor box. The ICD file will also be stored in the *.esc configuration file. The XML encoding of the ICD file is checked before storing in the configuration. Encoding other than UTF-16, UTF-8 or ASCII is not supported; ANSI locale characters may be misinterpreted when the configuration file is saved and reopened. The user may cancel the process when an unsupported encoding is encountered. Furthermore, the false format may cause the content of the ICD template to be lost when saving. If such event can be foreseen then the program prevents the user to continue the operation.

If there is an already existing ICD file with the same name and content, then that will be used (as if you had selected it from the list according to the third method). If there is already an ICD file with the same name in the configuration, but its content is different, then the new file receives a unique name and will be stored the same way as a file with an unknown name. At this point the program checks whether the data type definitions in the ICD file are in conflict with those that are in the files already loaded. In case of conflict, the data type definitions are renamed, this way the content of the stored ICD file will be different from the original file. That is why you should not rely on this method if you want to create several similar devices, but rather select the other option.


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The other option is to choose an already known ICD file. The basic properties of the ICD file are displayed in the list.

Clone an IED If the configuration is already populated with IEDs then this function is suitable for transferring configured Data sets, Report and GOOSE (GSE) control blocks on other devices. Select the IED you want to clone and choose the Configuration | Clone IED main menu command, the Clone IED speed button or the Clone IED local menu command. The commands are enabled only if the source IED has been created form an ICD file. The target IEDs can be selected in the Clone IED dialog window.

Clone IED dialog window

The target IEDs are selected in this dialog window. The list contains only those IEDs which share the same ICD file. The OK button is not enabled until at least one IED is selected. Use the All IEDs checkbox to select or unselect all items. The window is resizable, it can be set to full size. When restarted, the program will remember the last state of the window.

Rename an IED or an IED template The name of the selected IED or IED template item can be rewritten with the local editor. Either click on the name of the selected item, or choose the Configuration | Rename main menu item or the Rename local menu command. The menu commands also launch the local editor.

The editor window opens with one simple click, therefore if you want to select an item, it is better to click the icon before the name of the item, or use the arrow , Num + , Num-, Num* keys. Editing can be aborted by pressing the Esc key, and must be confirmed with Enter. At this point the

Delete an IED, an IED template or a link

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program tries to perform the operation, and if it fails (because the name you entered is already existing or invalid), then it shows an error message and restores the original name.

Please note, that the name may contain only English letters, numbers and underscore (‘_’). The length together with the longest LD inst name is limited to 64 characters.

Delete an IED, an IED template or a link The Configuration | Remove (Ctrl + R) main menu command, the Remove item (Ctrl + R) speed button and the Remove (Ctrl + R) local menu command removes the selected item from the configuration. The program will ask for confirmation before performing the operation.

If the deleted item is an IED which was created from a stored ICD template, then the program will also take care of removing the unused ICD template. The list of the ICD files in use can be seen in the Add IED to configuration dialog window.

If the deleted item is and IED which was loaded into a template, then only the IED instance is cleared; the template can be removed in a second operation.

Copy IED items to the clipboard The Edit | Copy (Ctrl + C) menu command, the Copy (Ctrl + C) speed button or the Copy (Ctrl + C) command of the local menu copies the selected IED or its element to the clipboard. The item on the clipboard can be used in the following manner:

• Paste IED on the IED view panel with the Paste (Ctrl + V) command: see Add a new IED

• Paste IED or IED template link on the Substation view panel with the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) command: see Create an IED or IED template link

• Paste AP link on the Communication view panel with the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) command: see Create an AP or GOOSE link

• Paste IED, AP, LD, LN or Report link on the IED view panel with the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) command: see Create a Report or GOOSE link

• Paste GOOSE link on the IED view panel with the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) command: see Create a Report or GOOSE link

• Paste GOOSE link on the Communication view panel with the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) command: see Create an AP or GOOSE link


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Modify an IED The Configuration | Modify menu command, the Modify data speed button and the Modify local menu command is enabled on all elements of the IED, except for links. The same function can be started by double-clicking. In addition, the operation can be started with the Edit button on the object properties panel showing the properties of a Data set, Report or GOOSE item.

With this command you can modify the factory-defined configuration of the device, so it is valid only for a device which has an AP with a server (there is a real LD – not a placeholder for

LNs – in the IED). If the manufacturer granted permission, an existing Data set can be modified, new Data set, Report and GOOSE can be created. Modification of IED data is performed in the IED editor dialog window.

IED editor dialog window

The IED data available for another device can be changed in this window. The window is resizable and it can be set to full size. When restarted, the program will remember the last state of the window, including resizable panels.

Saved changes are applied immediately (find the Set Xxx buttons to save changes). Therefore only a Close button can be found in the bottom right corner of the window (the window cannot be closed with the Esc key). Modifications in the FCDA (Data set items) list are applied automatically.

Modify an IED

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The tree views on the left side of the window list the data of the device. In the top tree the Report and the GSE control items are listed, the bottom tree shows the data objects and attributes (Data Object Instances, Data Attribute Instances). When the window is shown the bottom tree is expanded to the LN level; in the upper tree all Report and GSE control items are expanded. The trees can be resized vertically (at each-other's expense), and are increasing horizontally together with the size of the window.

The Control Block Properties panel displays the properties of the Control Block selected in the top tree. The content of the panel adapts to the type of the Control Block. Settings must be applied with the Set CB button. Please note that the ConfRev revision number cannot be edited. It is increased automatically when the transmitted Data set is modified but only once until an SCD or CID file is created with the new revision number.

The Data Set Properties panel shows the properties of the selected Data set You can choose from the Data sets drop-down list, if the selected item in the upper tree is an LN or an item below it. Changes in the Control Block Properties panel affects the Data Set Properties panel: the Data set referenced by the Control Block will be selected. Settings also need to be applied with the Set data set button.

You can drag a DOI or DAI item from the lower tree and drop it on the FCDA list, this way adding a new item to the list. The new item should contain an FC = ST or MX data. The selected line of the list can be deleted with the Delete FCDA button. FCDA list changes take effect immediately.

In the trees and also in the list a marks the items created during configuration. (Data sets do not appear in the tree, but an added FCDA is marked.)

In the ICD file describing the IED's factory-defined configuration, namely in the „Services” element, the manufacturer can restrict changes made during configuration:

• The <ConfDataSet max=”n”> attribute limits the number of Data sets in „n”. If it is not specified or it is 0, then you cannot create a new Data set. You can see the current and maximal count to the left of the New data set button.

• The <ConfDataSet maxAttributes=”n”> attribute limits the number of Data Attributes within a Data set data in „n”. (One FCDA item might define more attributes, these are counted separately.) If it is not specified, then no new data can be added to the Data set. You can see the current and maximal attribute count below the FCDA list.

• The <ConfDataSet modify=”false”> property prohibits the modification of the factory-defined (pre-configured) Data sets. If it is not specified or if it is ”true”, then even factory-defined Data sets can be modified (except for their names).

• The <ConfReportControl max=”n”> property limits the number of the Reports in „n”. If it is not specified, then no new Reports can be created. You can see the current and maximal count to the left of the New CB button.

• The <GOOSE max=”n”> property limits the number of GOOSEs in „n”. If it is not specified, then no new GOOSE (GSE) control elements can be created. You can see the current and maximal count to the left of the New CB button.


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A link for a new GOOSE item is created automatically on the Communication view panel under the AP link. Network addresses are assigned automatically by the program (see Automatic GOOSE addresses).

Create a Report or GOOSE link There are two possible kinds of communication between the devices listed on the IED view panel

One of them is the Report, where you assign another device as a client to the item’s container device which acts as a server. The manufacturer can limit the number of clients in the <RptEnabled max=”n”> SCL element within each Report; at least one client is always configurable.

The other communication type is the GOOSE, when the device is sending data as a transmitter (publisher) so that anyone can receive; unlimited number of receiver (subscriber) devices can be configured for this message.

Configuration is made by creating a Report or a GOOSE link in the subscriber LN. This can be performed either by dragging and dropping the referred item on the LN, or by copying the item to the clipboard (see Copy IED items to the clipboard), and pasting a link into the LN from the clipboard. In the LN only one link can be placed for a certain item. It is not possible to create a link within the same IED. A Report link may only be created in an LN with „ITCI” or „IHMI” class and only when the number of clients is less than the allowed count.

In case of a Report it is allowed in both methods to move or copy the LN, LD, AP or even the entire IED item containing the item; a separate link will be created for all contained Report items.

Not only the subscriber LN but any contained items can be selected to create a Report or a GOOSE link. If you started dragging an item accidentally, do not release the mouse button due

to the shock, but with your other hand press the Esc key, or drop it to a place where it is not accepted.

To paste from the clipboard you can use the Edit | Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) menu command, the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift +V) speed button or the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) command of the local menu equally.

There is also a separate command to manage the links in an LN (see Manage links).

Move a Report or a GOOSE link If you want to move a Report or GOOSE link under another LN, then either simply drag there with the mouse or cut and paste it (see Cut a Report or a GOOSE link to the clipboard). An existing link in the target item also accepts the moved link.

Cut a Report or a GOOSE link to the clipboard

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A Report link can only be moved to an LN with „ITCI” or „IHMI” class.

Cut a Report or a GOOSE link to the clipboard The Edit | Cut (Ctrl + X) menu command, the Cut (Ctrl + X) speed button or the Cut (Ctrl + X) local menu command puts the selected Report or GOOSE link on the clipboard. When you select the Edit | Paste (Ctrl + V) menu command, the Paste (Ctrl + V) speed button or the Paste (Ctrl + V) command of the local menu, then will actually happen the cutting and pasting of the item (see Move a Report or a GOOSE link).

Manage links Choose the Configuration | Manage Links main menu command, the Manage links speed button or the Manage Links local menu command to create or remove Report or GOOSE links directly from a subscriber LN.

To launch the command select an LN or a link item within it. Since Report links may exist only in an LN with „ITCI” or „IHMI” class, these LNs will show the Manage report links dialog window, while other LNs launch the Manage GOOSE links dialog window. The dialog windows offer all available objects for subscription.

Manage report links dialog window


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The Servers list on the left side contains the existing links. The Available reports list on the right side contains Reports with the following characteristics:

• it is served by another IED

• there is no link for it in the target LN

• the number of its clients is less than the allowed count

The splitting of the window can be modified with the vertical bar between the list. Move selected items with the Add (Ctrl + A) and Remove (Ctrl + R) speed buttons between the lists. You can select multiple items in the list with the Shift + Up, Shift + Down arrow keys, or with the Shift + Left, Ctrl + Left mouse clicks.

The window is resizable, it can be set to full size. When restarted, the program will remember the last state of the window, and also the position of the splitter.

Manage GOOSE links dialog window

The Inputs list on the left side contains the existing links. The Available GOOSE messages list on the right side contains GOOSE messages with the following characteristics:

• it is served by another IED

• there is no link for it in the target IED (in any LNs)

Create a CID file

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The splitting of the window can be modified with the vertical bar between the list. Move selected items with the Add (Ctrl + A) and Remove (Ctrl + R) speed buttons between the lists. You can select multiple items in the list with the Shift + Up, Shift + Down arrow keys, or with the Shift + Left, Ctrl + Left mouse clicks.

The window is resizable, it can be set to full size. When restarted, the program will remember the last state of the window, and also the position of the splitter.

Create a CID file When the configuration is ready, the standard SCD file can be built (see Create the SCD file). The SCD file contains

• the <Substation> section

• the <Communication> section with all connected APs and contained items

• an <IED> element for each IEDs

• the <DataTypeTemplates> section with all type definitions found in the ICD files

A CID file can also be created from a selected IED. This file contains data of only one IED and no <Substation> section. It is not a good idea to create a CID file for a statically configured IEC 61850 client, because the clients of a Report are listed in the server. The operation is started with the Configuration | Export To CID menu command, the Export to CID speed button or the

Export To CID local menu command.

If there are unsaved changes, then first you have to save the configuration; the program asks confirmation. Warning! If there are changes on the Object properties panel which are not applied yet, then they will not be saved!

If an error occurs during file creation, the operation will be aborted after closing the message window. Once the file is created in the memory, the name and location of the created file should be selected in a standard browser window. The program offers the folder of the active configuration and the IED name as filename.

Please note that the configuration will change and have to be saved again when there were automatically increased revision numbers in Report or GOOSE Control Blocks.


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An informational message indicates the successful creation of the file:

Properties of IED panel objects The content of the Object properties panel, opened under the IED tree, changes according to the kind of data (object) represented by the selected item in the tree. The window header does not change. The next line shows the type and name of the object. If no objects are selected then the panel is left blank.

Properties of the IED template object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the IED template also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line).

Below it you can see the Plan ID (the “iedName” property of the “LNode” item in the SSD file). The hint of the line also shows the Plan ID in the status bar. The bubble hint shows the list of planned LNs (remains on the screen until the mouse leaves the line):

The same list is visible In the bottom window.

The Load button is launching the Load IED from ICD dialog window to fill the template.

Properties of IED panel objects

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Properties of the IED object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the IED also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line).

Below it you can see the Plan ID (the “iedName” property of the “LNode” item in the SSD file); it is ‘(none)’ when the object is not a planned IED. The hint of the line also shows the Plan ID in the status bar. The bubble hint shows the list of planned LNs (remains on the screen until the mouse leaves the line):

The next line shows the name of the ICD template, which contains the properties of the device; if there is no such file, then the text „ (none)” is displayed. The hint of the line also shows the name of the ICD file (both in the bubble and in the status bar).

In the bottom window a brief description of the device can be written (it appears also in the SCD file). The entered text can be saved with the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons the changes.

The Edit button is launching the IED editor dialog window; more properties of the IED can be seen there. The purpose of this command is to modify the factory-defined configuration of the device, so it is valid only for a device which has an AP with a server (there is a real LD – not a placeholder for LNs – in the IED).

Properties of the AP object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the AP also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line).


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Below it you can see the Clock and Router properties of the AP. These can be changed only for network devices without an ICD template. The hint shows the literal value of the SCD element.

The bottom window shows the description of the item, this can be set only in case of network devices that are not based upon an ICD template.

Changes can be saved with the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons changes.

Properties of the LD object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the LD also contains the name (the value of the „inst” attribute) of the item (both in the bubble and in the status line).

The window below shows the description of the item (the "desc" attribute value); the description cannot be modified.

Properties of the LN object

The name of the LN is „LN0” for an <LN0>, for an <LN> it is a text composed from the „prefix” + „lnClass” + „inst” attributes. The hint of the line that shows the name also contains the name of the item (both in the bubble and in the status line).

Below it you can see the LN type (the value of „lnType” attribute). The hint of the line shows the literal value of the SCD element.

The bottom window shows the description of the item (the „desc” attribute value); the description cannot be modified.


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Properties of the Data set object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the Data set also contains the name of the item (both in the bubble and in the status line).

Below it the description of the item (the " desc " attribute value) can be read; it can be modified only for an item created during configuration, unless the manufacturer granted right to modify pre-configured items (if <Services><ConfDataSet modify=”true”> or when <ConfDataSet> is not specified). The entered text can be saved with the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons the changes.

In the bottom window you can see the list of „FCDA” items.

Press the Edit button to display the IED editor dialog window. There you can also see the properties of the Data set; furthermore you can modify it or create a new one (if permitted by the manufacturer). This command is valid only for a device which has an AP with a server (there is a real LD – not a placeholder for LNs – in the IED).

Properties of the Report object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the Report (control) also contains the name of the item (both in the bubble and in the status line).

Below it you can read the name of the referenced Data set (the „datSet” attribute value) can be read. The hint of the line shows the literal value of the SCD element.

In the next line the program displays the number of already configured and configurable clients (the „RptEnabled” element’s „max” attribute). If the attribute is undefined or less than 1, one client is still allowed. The asterisk before the Report appears if it has at least one reference already. The hint of the line shows the literal value of the SCD element in the status line. The bubble hint shows the list of the client LNs in alphabetical order (remains on the screen until the mouse leaves the line):


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Please note that this list can be also printed with the Print command.

In the bottom window the description of the item (the „desc” property value) can be read, and also modified in case of items created during the configuration. The entered text can be saved with the

Apply button; the Cancel button abandons the changes.

Press the Edit button to display the IED editor dialog window. You can see further properties of the Report there; also you can create a new one (if permitted by the manufacturer) and modify the properties of new items. This command is valid only for a device which has an AP with a server (there is a real LD – not a placeholder for LNs – in the IED).

Properties of the GOOSE object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the GOOSE (GSE control) also contains the name of the item (both in the bubble and in the status line).

Below it you can read the name of the referenced Data set (the „datSet”property value). The hint of the line shows the literal value of the SCD item.

The next line displays the number of configured subscribers (the LNs that receive the message). The asterisk before the GOOSE appears if it has already at least one reference. The bubble hint shows the list of the receiver LNs in alphabetical order (remains on the screen until the mouse leaves the line):

Please note that this list can be also printed with the Print command.

In the lower window the description of the item (the „desc” property value) can be read, and also modified in case of items created during the configuration. The entered text can be saved with the

Apply button; the Cancel button abandons the changes.

Press the Edit button to display the IED editor dialog window. You can see further properties of the GOOSE (GSE control) there; also you can create a new one (if permitted by the manufacturer) and modify the properties of new items. This command is valid only for a device which has an AP with a server (there is a real LD – not a placeholder for LNs – in the IED).


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Properties of the Report link object

The line that shows the name of the Report link also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line). The name consists of the IED / LD / LN / Report reference path. The name of the LN consists of three parts („prefix” + „lnClass” + „inst”) or simply „LN0”.

Properties of the GOOSE link object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the GOOSE link also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line). The name consists of the IED / LD / GOOSE reference path. The GOOSE item is only allowed in LN0, therefore LN link is not required.

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Chapter 5: „Tree” Page, „Communication view” Panel

On this panel items of communication network(s) are to be configured. The items are listed in alphabetical order. The following items are included in the tree:

• Subnet

• IED / AP link (network data)

• Physical connection

• IED / LD / GOOSE link (network data; GOOSE may exist only in an LN0)

The subnet defines a logical connection with a specific protocol. multiple subnets can run with different protocols on the same physical communication network. If a referenced AP contains a

GOOSE (publisher) item, then its communication data should also be set. That is the only reason that the GOOSE link appears separately, otherwise it cannot be moved independently, it belongs permanently to an AP link.

„Tree” Page, „Communication view” Panel

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Automatic IP addresses According to the standard, an AP may get a network address from two different profiles; at least one of them must be present:

• IP (v4, 32 bit)

• OSI (maximum 160 bit)

The program supports automatic managements of IP addresses; OSI address assignment is completely left to the user. IP address may also be set on the Object properties panel (see Properties of the AP link object); OSI addresses must be set in a dialog window (see AP link editor dialog window).

When a new IED is added to the configuration (see Add a new IED and Fill an IED template), the new IED 's AP (and GOOSE) links are created automatically in a new or in an already existing subnet. The program also loads the communication settings found in the ICD file, except for automatically assigned addresses, which will receive the following default values:

• IP address: 0.0.0.0 in a new subnet

• subnet mask: 0.0.0.0 in a new subnet

• default gateway: 0.0.0.0 in a new subnet

In order to let the program recognize the private network address and the subnet size, at least the first two data must be provided. You can choose from the private network address ranges allocated by the IANA:

CIDR notation Address range Max. possible addresses

10.0.0.0/8 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255

224 - 2 = 16 777 214

172.16.0.0/12 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255

220 - 2 = 1 048 574

192.168.0.0/16 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255

216 - 2 = 65 536

The address range can be further divided to subnets. The program allows the CIDR subnet prefix bit count to be increased up to 29 (to mask 255.255.255.248), then the number of addressable

APs in the subnet is decreased to 6 (the „all zero” address denotes the subnet, the „all one” address is an IPv4 broadcast address, therefore they cannot be assigned).

Automatic GOOSE addresses

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When the first IP address is set in a subnet, or when the subnet prefix is changed in an AP link address, then the program offers to re-assign IP address for all items of the subnet and also to synchronize subnet masks.

If you change the default gateway address, it is also synchronized after confirmation.

A DNS name can be also set as IP address, in this case the program can help to synchronize gateway addresses only.

When an AP link is moved to another subnet, then the program sets the addresses without confirmation, provided that

• there is already an item with assigned addresses

• the moved item is using the IP address profile

The use of the IP address profile can be disabled if you delete the IP address of the item. If it has at least one default 0.0.0.0 address, then the program will maintain addresses.

Automatic GOOSE addresses When a new IED> is added to the configuration (see Add a new IED and Fill an IED template), the GOOSE links of the IED are also created in the subnet, within the AP link. The program also loads the communication settings found in the ICD file, except for automatically assigned addresses. Addresses will receive the following default values:

• MAC address: automatically assigned unique value starting from 01-0C-CD-01-00-00

• application ID: automatically assigned unique address starting from 0x0001

• virtual network identifier: default value is 0x001


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• virtual network user priority: default value is 4

The following table contains an explanation of these addresses:

Address Common name Address range Note

MAC address MAC Address 01-0C-CD-01-00-00 – 01-0C-CD-01-01-FF

multicast address, unique in the system

application ID Application Identifier, APPID

0x0000 – 0x3FFF

unique address, if not configured, then 0 (not allowed)

virtual network identifier

VLAN ID 0x000 – 0xFFF

if the virtual network mechanism is not used, then 0

virtual network user priority

VLAN user priority

0 – 7 0 is to be avoided; 4 is recommended for GOOSE

When you move an AP link to another subnet, the program re-assigns the MAC address and the application ID without confirmation. The user can modify them, but you cannot set an address that is already in use in the subnet.

Network addresses may also be set on the Object properties panel, except for the virtual network user priority, for which you should better leave the recommended value (see Properties of the GOOSE link object). This value van be changed – together with other data – in a dialog window (see GOOSE link editor dialog window).

Add a new subnet After selecting a subnet, or from the empty place of the tree you can add a new subnet to the configuration with the Configuration | Add (Ctrl + A) menu command, the Add item (Ctrl + A) speed button, or the Add (Ctrl + A) local menu command. The new subnet gets a unique name. The program offers the created item for renaming (see Rename a subnet or a physical connection).

Add a new physical connection After selecting an AP link you can add a new physical connection to the configuration with the Configuration | Add (Ctrl + A) menu command, the Add item (Ctrl + A) speed button, or the

Add (Ctrl + A) local menu command. The type of the physical connection is displayed as its name. The program offers the created item for renaming (see Rename a subnet or a physical connection).

Create an AP or GOOSE link

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Create an AP or GOOSE link A link is automatically created in a new or existing subnet for all AP and contained GOOSE items when an IED device added on the IED view panel – unless an unexpected error occurs. Links can be moved from here to another subnet, but the program does not allow to remove them, so this function is just a safety belt.

A link can be created manually by either dragging and dropping the referenced item to the target item with the mouse, or by copying the item to the clipboard (see Copy IED items to the clipboard), and inserting a link from the clipboard to the selected target item. Only one link can be created for an AP or GOOSE item.

The AP item is accepted by a subnet and contained AP links; links are also created for its GOOSE items.

The GOOSE item is accepted by the related AP link, contained GOOSE links or physical connections.

If you started dragging an item accidentally, do not release the mouse button due to the shock, but with your other hand press the Esc key, or drop it to a place where it is not accepted. If you want to paste link from the clipboard use the Edit | Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) menu command, the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) speed button or the Paste Link (Ctrl + Shift + V) command of the local menu.

Modify data of an AP link The AP link's IP addresses can be modified on the Object properties panel (see Properties of the AP link object); the program may also set them automatically (see Automatic IP addresses). OSI addresses may be assigned only in the AP link editor dialog window. At least one of the two address profiles must be present.


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AP link editor dialog window

Host IP address must be in one of the private network address ranges allocated by the IANA (see Automatic IP addresses). A DNS name can also be written.

The IP subnet mask (Subnet) can be set with the subnet prefix bit count according to the CIDR notation; the program allows to increase it up to 29 (then the mask will be 255.255.255.248).

If there is no default IP gateway, address is 0.0.0.0 (Gateway address).

The following formal requirements are set by the standard for OSI addresses:

• NSAP: an even number of hexadecimal digits up to 40

• TSEL: an even number of hexadecimal digits up to 8

• SSEL: an even number of hexadecimal digits up to 16

• PSEL: an even number of hexadecimal digits up to 16

• ACSE AP title: 0 – 9 digits and comma (‘,’) can be included

• ACSE AP invoke ID: at most 5 decimal digits

• ACSE AE qualifier: at most 5 decimal digits

• ACSE AE invoke ID : at most 5 decimal digits

Modify data of a GOOSE link

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The Apply button saves settings; gateway address may change during the automatic re-assignment of addresses (see Automatic IP addresses). If the program finds an invalid address, then an error message appears. An information message confirms the successful operation.

The window can be closed with the Close button, unsaved changes get lost. The Esc key is also suitable for closing the window.

Modify data of a GOOSE link The addresses of a GOOSE link can be modified on the Object properties panel (see Properties of the GOOSE link object), the program may also set them automatically (see Automatic GOOSE addresses). The virtual network user priority further parameters can be modified only in the GOOSE link editor dialog window.

GOOSE link editor dialog window

For the MAC address you can choose a unique address from the multicast address range reserved for GOOSE messages (see Automatic GOOSE addresses).

The application ID (App ID) is also an automatically assigned, unique address.

The program sets the virtual network identifier (VLAN ID) to the default 0x001 value, but it can be changed later. If you do not want to use the virtual network mechanism then delete the address.

The recommended value for virtual network priority (VLAN priority) is 4; avoid zero.

Delete timings (Min.time, Max.time) if you do not want to configure them. 10 ms and 1000 ms may be considered as typical values.


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The Apply button saves the settings. The program displays an error message if an invalid setting is encountered. An information message confirms the successful operation.

The window can be closed with the Close button, unsaved changes get lost. The Esc key is also suitable for closing the window.

Rename a subnet or a physical connection The selected subnet or physical item can be renamed using the local editor. Either click on the name of the selected item, or choose the Configuration | Rename main menu command or the Rename local menu command. Menu commands also launch the local editor.


Move an AP link If you want to move an AP link to another subnet, then simply drag it with the mouse, or cut and paste it (see Cut an AP link to the clipboard). An already existing AP link within the target item also accepts the moved link.


Delete communication elements The Configuration | Remove (Ctrl + R) main menu command, the Remove item (Ctrl + R) speed button and the Remove (Ctrl + R) local menu command removes the selected item from the configuration. The program will ask for confirmation before performing the operation.

A subnet can only be deleted if it is empty. A Physical connection can be always deleted.

It is not allowed to delete an AP link or a GOOSE link; the program automatically creates and deletes them together with the IED device – unless an unexpected error occurs – so this function is only a safety belt. If accidentally there were more than one reference to an item, then the superfluous link could be deleted anyhow.

Cut an AP link to the clipboard

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Cut an AP link to the clipboard The Edit | Cut (Ctrl + X) menu command, the Cut (Ctrl + X) speed button and the Cut (Ctrl + X) local menu command puts the selected AP link on the clipboard. When you select the Edit | Paste (Ctrl + V) menu command, the Paste (Ctrl + V) speed button or the Paste (Ctrl + V) local menu command, then will actually happen the cutting and pasting of the item (see Move an AP link).

Properties of communication panel objects The content of the Object properties panel, opened under the tree, changes according to the kind of data (object) represented by the selected item in the tree. The window header does not change. The next line shows the type and name of the object. If no objects are selected then the panel is left blank.

Properties of the subnet object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the subnet also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line).

The first property you can set is the type of network protocol. It is not mandatory, may be empty. The drop-down list offers the following value:

• 8-MMS: the protocol specified in chapter IEC 61850-8-1

The program also allows a different value to support other protocols defined by the 8th or 9th chapter of the standard. According to the standard, the text must begin with ‘8-‘ or ‘9-‘ followed by ASCII characters (this also appears as a hint). A syntactically invalid type will not be saved.

The next property is the speed of the network measured in the units Mbps. It is not mandatory, may be empty. The drop-down offers the following values:

• 10: for a 10Base-T (twisted pair) or 10Base-FL (optical) network (for the multipoint-to-point protocol specified in chapter IEC 61850-9-2)

• 100: 100Base-T (twisted pair) or 100Base-FX (optical) network

These options also appear as a hint. Still you can enter any positive number, a 0 or invalid number is equivalent with the empty text (value is not defined).

In the lower window a brief description of the subnet can be written (it appears also in the SCD file). The text entered can be saved with the help of the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons changes.


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Properties of the AP link object

The hint of the line that shows the AP link name also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line).

The first property is the IP address. You can choose from the private network address ranges assigned by IANA (see Automatic IP addresses); the list of these is displayed as a hint. A DNS name can also be set; if you do not want to use the IP profile then delete the address.

The subnet mask can be set with the subnet prefix bit count according to the CIDR notation, the program allows it to be increased up to 29 (then the mask will be 255.255.255.248).

If there is no default gateway, then 0.0.0.0 address must be set.

The settings can be saved with the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons changes. On this panel the program not only cancels invalid data, but also displays an error message. After the error message editing can be continued or aborted. The changes will be applied to the other items of the subnet, after confirmation (see Automatic IP addresses).

The Edit button is launching the AP link editor dialog window, further properties can be modified there. Before pressing the button save the settings otherwise they will get lost.

Properties of the GOOSE link object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the GOOSE link also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line).

The first property is the MAC address. You can choose a unique address from the multicast address range reserved for GOOSE messages (see Automatic GOOSE addresses), this range also appears as a hint.

The next property is the application ID, also an automatically assigned, unique address.

Properties of communication panel objects

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The program sets the virtual network identifier to the default 0x001 value, but later it can be changed. If you do not want to use the virtual network mechanism, you can delete the address.

The settings can be saved with the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons changes. On this panel the program not only cancels invalid data, but also displays an error message. After the error message editing can be continued or aborted.

The Edit button is launching the GOOSE link editor dialog window, further properties can be modified there. Before pressing the button save the settings otherwise they will get lost.

Properties of the physical connection object

The hint of the line that shows the name of the physical connection also contains the name (both in the bubble and in the status line). The type of the physical connection (the „type” property of the element) is displayed as its name.

The first property is the type of connection (the value of the <P type=”Type”> item). Not mandatory, may be empty. The drop-down list is offering the values defined in the standard (also appear in the hint):

• 10BaseT: electrical connection (to a 10Base-T/100Base-T bus)

• FOC: optical connection (to a 100Base-FX bus)

• Radio: radio connection (WLAN)

The second property is the connector type (the value of the <P type=”Plug”> element). Not mandatory, may be empty. The drop-down list is offering the values defined in the standard (also appear in the hint):

• RJ45: electrical plug

• ST'' bayonet plug (fiber optic)

The settings must be saved with the Apply button; the Cancel button abandons changes. Invalid data will not be saved.

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Chapter 6: „SCL” Page

On this page the generated SCD file is shown. The program creates the file in memory "on the fly". You can switch off the encoding of some special characters described in the table below with the Encode entities checkbox located on the top of the page.

Original character Coded unit ( entity )

" (quotation mark) "

& (ampersand, and) &

’ (apostrophe) '

< (less than) <

> (greater than) >

The characters enlisted in the table are always encoded in the generated SCD file. The XML file encoding is UTF-8.

„SCL” Page

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The errors found during file creation are enlisted in the list on the bottom of the page displays. An error message has one of the following types:

Error: The first error during SCD file creation appears in a message window, generation is aborted. An example for this type of error is the absence of an AP or GOOSE link in the communication data.

Warning: Each warning appears in a message window during SCD file creation; after confirmation the generation continues, but it may be also aborted. Such a warning message appears for example when an IED link is missing from the substation topology.

Information: There is only one such message in the list (No errors found) when there are no other messages; also when the SCD file has been created successfully an information message appears in a message window (%substation%.scd file created successfully).

Create the SCD file The output of the configuration activity, actually its aim is the creation of an SCD file dthe standard. The file will be exactly the same what is shown on the " SCL " page. You can start making the file with the Configuration | Build menu command or the Build speed button. The command is always enabled when there is an open configuration.

If there are unsaved changes, then first you have to save the configuration; the program asks confirmation. Warning! If there are changes on the Object properties panel which are not applied yet, then they will not be saved!

If an error occurs during file creation, the operation will be aborted after closing the message window. If only a warning message appears, then after confirmation file creation continues. Once the file is created in the memory, the name and location of the created file should be selected in a standard browser window. The program offers the folder and name of the active configuration as filename.

Please note that the configuration will change and have to be saved again when there were automatically increased revision numbers in Report or GOOSE Control Blocks.

Create the SCD file

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An informational message indicates the successful creation of the file:

Please note that IED templates do not appear in the SCD file. A warning message will appear for each unfilled IED template.

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Chapter 7: Print Configuration Selected data of the current configuration may be printed with the File | Print menu command or the Print speed button. The command is not enabled on the SCL page since it will not print the SCD file. The Print dialog window allows to select the printer and also the scope of printed data.

Print dialog window

The upper group displays the name of the currently selected printer. Press the Settings… button to launch the system’s standard printer setting dialog window. There you can change the printer and its settings.

Please consider printing in electronic format (e.g. into a PDF file) instead of paper, unless it is absolutely necessary!

The bottom left group contains the selection of printed IED (and contained) objects. Use the All IEDs checkbox to select or unselect all items. Check LN and other contained objects to let them printed. Please note that when links are selected then reverse references are also printed, i.e. Report clients and GOOSE subscribers appear under the Report and GOOSE objects, contrary to the tree view.

The bottom right group contains the selection of communication objects. Uncheck Subnetworks if you do not want to print communication settings.

The header of a printed page contains the name and time of the configuration file together with the program version and the current time. The footer contains the page number.

Print Configuration

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Sample IED object print

IED (and contained) objects are printed with basic properties. GOOSE input denotes a GOOSE link, Subscriber is the reverse reference. Similarly, Report server denotes a Report link and Client is the reverse reference.

Sample communication print

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Sample communication print

Communication objects are printed with basic properties. The subnet address, mask and gateway is printed with the subnetwork object, since these settings are common for all AP links.

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Chapter 8: Program Language The current language of the program’s user interface can be changed anytime. Please note that it has no effect on the language of the current configuration; substation configuration files contain a single-language interface only.

Use the Language menu or the drop-down menu of the Language speed button to choose one of the supported languages. The menu always contains the English language since it is the original language of the program.

Currently the following languages are supported:

• en – English

• hu – Magyar (Hungarian)

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Chapter 9: Help Menu About The Help | About menu command and the About speed button is launching the About window which is showing information about the EuroSYS application. The text in the middle is scrolling; it can be suspended and resumed with a left mouse click.

Credits

Credits are given in the About window and hereby for the authors of the following resources:

Language icon from A’ Design Award & Competition, Onur Müştak Çobanlı and Farhat Datta http://www.languageicon.org

Program version history The Help | Version history menu command opens the VersionInfo.rtf file installed next to the program with the program associated with RTF files (e.g. WordPad).

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Chapter 10: EuroSYS Lite EuroSYS Lite is a “light” edition of the EuroSYS application. The two editions are completely independent, may be installed on the same computer. The Lite edition cannot be upgraded to the full featured version; missing functions are missing from the program code itself.

The following functions are restricted in the Lite program:

• showing the SCD file – SCL page

• create SCD file – Build command

• create CID file – Export To CID command

• print configuration – Print (Ctrl + P) command

The Lite program creates only the skeleton of the SCL files and printings. Here are some examples:

EuroSYS Lite

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Chapter 11: Dictionary

Term Interpretation Explanation

AP Access Point Such a point (network connector) allows access to the data of the device. An IED might have multiple access points.

ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange

A 7-bits character encoding scheme based on the English alphabet. The name preferred by IANA is US-ASCII. The standard was last updated in 1986 (ANSI X3.4-1986).

CID Configured IED Description (*.icd)

An SCL file describing the configured data of an intelligent device.

CIDR Classless Inter-Domain Routing (notation)

The IP address specification used nowadays both for IPv4 and IPv6 addressing. A subnet (or path control) prefix bit count belongs to an address. For example 192.168.1.12/24 denotes an address and also the 192.168.1.0 subnet prefix, or the equivalent 255.255.255.0 subnet mask. The 192.168.1.0/24 IPv4 block marks the 256 addresses between 192.168.1.0 and 192.168.1.255.

Data set Data Set Enlists the data of a Report or GOOSE message.

DNS Domain Name System A hierarchical naming system of computers, services and other network resources.

ESC EuroSYS Configuration (*.esc)

A binary file containing the properties of Delphi objects; begins with the following text: "TPF0"0x09"TEsConfig". No other program is known to use this type of file according to the state in July 11, 2009 (FILExt – The File Extension Source)

Gateway Gateway (formerly RTU, Remote Terminal Unit)

This device creates a connection between a process control system that communicates with the earlier (IEC 60870-5-101/104) standard and the local station bus conforming the IEC 61850 standard.

GOOSE Generic Object Oriented Substation Event

The method for data exchange between bay units. The broadcasting device (the publisher) is identified by the MAC address on the physical layer and the Application ID on the application layer; someone interested in the published data (the subscriber) may check these identifiers.

GSE Generic Substation Event (see GOOSE)

HMI Human – Machine Interface

A display tool that helps a dispatcher in receiving data from the substation devices to and also to transfer remote commands for them.

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Dictionary

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IANA Internet Assigned Numbers Authority

An authority operated by the ICANN, which is in charge of global allocation of IP addresses, the operation of the DNS root zone and other tasks in connection with IP.

ICANN Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers

A non-profit organization that deals with the management of the IP addresses and the DNS root (Marina Del Rey, California, USA).

ICD IED Capability Description (*.icd)

An SCL file describing the factory defined prototype of an intelligent device.

IED Intelligent Electronic Device

An electronic protection device which is suitable to perform the tasks required by the IEC 61850 standard.

IP Internet Protocol Devices communicating according to the protocol can be identified by an IP network address (or a DNS name). The IEC 61850 standard supports the 32-bits IPv4 addressing, but not the 128-bits IPv6 addressing mode. According to the CIDR notification a subnet prefix bit count belongs to the IP address, e.g. 192.168.1.12/24; the IEC 61850 standard uses the equivalent subnet, in case of the example it is 255.255.255.0

LD Logical Device A unifier unit of typical substation functions (LNs). An IED may contain one or more LDs (if there is a server in it).

LN Logical Node Represents a typical substation function within an LD or the IED (when there is no server in the AP). The "LN0" item has a special role, there must be one (and only one) such item in every LD.

MAC Media Access Code The 6-bytes physical address of Ethernet packages, e.g. "01-0C-CD-01-00-00" (this is the first layer of the OSI model). The network identifier of the multicast GOOSE messages (it has nothing to do with the unique address of the device’s network adapter).

MDI Multiple Document Interface

The window of a Windows application, in which several documents can be opened simultaneously in their own „child” windows (in contrast with the SDI interface). For example MS Word is such a program.

OSI Open Systems Interconnection

Common standards of ISO and ITU-T for computer networks and communication protocols

Report Report A device as a client gets the designated report(s) from the server device. Data included in the report can be modified (if permitted by the manufacturer).

SAS Substation Automation System

The aspect of the substation which is to be configured with the EuroSYS program. The program creates the SCD file describing the configured system.

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SCD Substation Configuration Description (*.scd)

An SCL based text file that describes the configured Substation Automation System. This file is the output of the EuroSYS program.

SCL Substation Configuration Language

An XML based document description language defined in the IEC 61850 standard.

SDI Single Document Interface

The window of a Windows application, in which only one document can be opened at a time (in contrast with the MDI interface). For example Paint is such a program.

SSD System Specification Description (*.ssd)

An SCL based text file that describes the substation topology and the functionality assigned to certain elements of it (circuit breaker, isolator switch, transformer, etc).

UCS Universal Character Set A standard set of characters defined by the ISO/IEC 10646 standard upon which many character encodings are based. The UCS contains nearly one hundred thousand abstract characters, each identified by an unambiguous name and an integer number called its code point. The UCS has over 1.1 million code points available for use. The Unicode standard is in approximate synchrony with UCS.

Unicode Unicode A computing industry standard for the consistent encoding, representation and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems. Developed in conjunction with the UCS standard, the latest version consists of a repertoire of more than 109,000 characters and a number of related items such as upper and lower case property.

UTF-8 8-bit UCS/Unicode Transformation Format

Variable-length Unicode character encoding. It can represent every character in the standard, and also backward compatible with ASCII encoding. Non-ASCII characters are encoded on 2 to 4 bytes.

XML Extensible Markup Language

A general purpose markup language recommended by W3C to create special-purpose markup languages (in our case SCL is such a language).

W3C World Wide Web Consortium

The consortium which creates open software standards – "recommendations" – for the Internet. For example XML is such recommendation.

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