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Transcript of European Imperialism. Essential Question: What have been the lasting effects of imperialism on...
European Imperialism
Essential Question:
• What have been the lasting effects of imperialism on Africa today?
European Exploration
• European groups interested in Africa
– Missionaries• Wanted to convert Africans to Christianity
– Merchants• Dreamed of fortunes to be made in the trading of
African ivory, gold, and tropical trees
European Exploration-cont.
• European groups interested in Africa
• Industrial leaders – Wanted Africa’s natural resources– Needed raw materials for goods made – Needed new markets for their finished products
• Political leaders– Saw oversees empires as a way to increase their
popularity
Independent Africa
• Parts of Africa remained independent after European colonization
– Liberia• Home to freed slaves from America who went back
to Africa
– Ethiopia• Predominantly Christian country
Important People in European Imperialism
• King Leopold
– One of first Europeans to make a grab for Africa
• Claimed Congo for himself
• Rubber trees natural resource of Congo– Needed rubber for “boom” in bike and motor car
industries
Important People in European Imperialism-cont.
• David Livingstone– Missionary who wanted to help end slave
trade– Searched for source of Nile
• Henry Stanley– Explorer who claimed Congo for King Leopold
of Belgium– Searched for source of Nile
Economic Changes in Africa
• Economic changes caused by imperialism
– Farm economy changes to cash crop economy
• Change from growing crops to feed families to growing crops to export and to make profit
Economic Changes in Africa-cont.
• Impact of economic changes on Africans– Hard for farmers feed families
– Farmers’ land taxed• Forced to mine for natural resources help pay taxes
– Weakened family because men spent months away from home to work in mine
• Lasting effects of imperialism in Africa• Ethnic violence, racism
Berlin Conference
• Purpose– Europeans meet to divide Africa and claim resources
of continent for themselves
• Factors considered/ignored– No Africans invited to conference
• Ethnic groups were separated, enemies were brought together
• Created new boundaries and borders on continent
Berlin Conference-cont.
• Problems created
– Ethnic groups/ethnic violence
• Ethnic groups who hated each other for years brought together
• Competing groups brought together
Berlin Conference-cont.
• Problems created– Civil War
• Conflicts between groups within a country• Assassinations
– Genocide• When one group of people tries to eliminate
another based on race, ethnicity, or political differences
Vocabulary
• Colonialism/imperialism– Control of one country by another through
economic, political, or military means
• Cash crops– Crops grown for sale or export
EQ Answer
• Lasting effects of European imperialism
– Ethnic violence• Kenya• Rwanda
– Cite of Civil War, assassinations, and genocide– Hutu and Tutsis People
– Weak governments• Ethnic violence• Lack of experience in self-government• Corruption