Gerlof de WildeHead of Unit Innovative Research

Security Research Synergies 14 Jan 2016

EUROPEAN DEFENCE AGENCY

www.eda.europa.eu2

Contents

INTRODUCTION

ABOUT US

SYNERGIES WITH EDA

www.eda.europa.eu

Introduction

Common Security and Defence Policy

www.eda.europa.eu4

Common Security and Defence Policy

with focus on Crisis Management Operations,

building on military and civilian capabilities

LISBON TREATY:

Comprehensive approach

Provisions on the Common Security

and Defence Policy (Article 42 TEU):

• Member States shall make civilian and

military capabilities available to the

Union for the implementation of the

common security and defence policy

• Member States shall undertake to

progressively improve their military

capabilities

Some 30 operations/missions

launched since 2003

Need for capability

improvement has been the key

driver since the creation of the

Agency

Launch of the CSDP in 2000

www.eda.europa.eu5

Institutional setting

European

Defence Agency

EDA Steering Board 27 Defence Ministers

CHODs

Federica MogheriniHigh Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy

Vice-President of the European Commission

Head of Agency

Foreign Affairs CouncilForeign /Defence Ministers

EUMC

CONSULTATION

European

CouncilHeads of State

and Government

GUIDELINES

REPORTS

PSCAmbassador level

EEASEUMS - CMPD

www.eda.europa.eu

About us

Together for a stronger Europe

www.eda.europa.eu7

Facts & Figures

27 Member States (all EU members except Denmark)

& Administrative Arrangements

with Norway, Serbia and

Switzerland

Operational budget 2015

30,5 Mio

Value project portfolio

(2014, Cat-A and Cat-B):

78,4 Mio

Number of new

ad-hoc projects 2014:

18

Only Agency whose Steering Board meets at ministerial level

Established

2004Based in

BRUSSELS

120 staffconnected with

2,500 experts in

Member StatesEDA Chief

Executive

Jorge

DOMECQ

www.eda.europa.eu8

Mission

… to support

the Council and the Member

States in their effort to improve

the European Union’s defence

capabilities for the Common

Security and Defence Policy.*

*Treaty of Lisbon, signed in 2007,

entered into force in 2009

www.eda.europa.eu9

A catalyst:from Member States to Member States

Promotescost-effective cooperation

Launches new initiatives

Investing more

together

In-house analysis& studies

Introduces innovative solutions

Member States

Requirements

Improves Defence

capabilities

www.eda.europa.eu10

Organisation

DEPUTY CHIEF

EXECUTIVE

CHIEF

EXECUTIVE

Strategy & Policy

Media & Communication

Audit

Corporate Services

• Human Resources

• Finance

• Contracting & Legal

• Information Technology

• Security

• Infrastructure

European Synergies and

Innovation - ESI

Capability, Armament &

Technology - CAT

Cooperation Planning &

Support - CPS

Innovative Research

Market & Industry Policy

Defence Analysis & Outlook

• CSDP-related research

• Space

Energy & Environment

Information Superiority

Intervention & Protection

• Air domain

• Land domain

• Maritime domain

• Joint & Ammunition

RPAS

AAR/Airlift

Cyber Defence

SatCom

Cooperation Planning

Helicopter Training

SESAR

Military Airworthiness,

Standardisation & Certification

Operations Support

Education, Training & Exercises

www.eda.europa.eu11

SUPPORT

the development

of key

capabilities

structuring

European

defence

STIMULATE

defence R&T

to prepare the

capabilities of

tomorrow

and support

the EDTIB

EDA priority workstrands

ENSURE

that military

interests are

taken into

account in wider

EU policies

www.eda.europa.eu12

A proactive hub for the European defence community

EDA capability development

(e.g. NATO)

Key partners in civil-military

coordination

(e.g. European Commission,

ESA, SESAR)

Partner organisations in

improving European military

capacities

(e.g. OCCAR)

Industry,

through ASD & NDIAs

EDA stakeholders

www.eda.europa.eu13

EDA and NATO Complementarity

EDA NATO

CBRN Biological Defence Chemical Defence

Air Transport EATF (A400M, C-130, CASA) C-17 Pool

Logistics Contractor Support to Operations (CSO) Platform

Contracting (NSPA)

EU – NATO

Capability Group

(with Member States)

Informal Staff – Staff

contacts (with ACT

NATO, NATO HQ-IS

& Agencies)

TWO INSTRUMENTS

Examples of Complementarity

www.eda.europa.eu14

Mission of Research and Technology in EDA

• To support medium and long-term European Capabilities needs

• To define R&T priorities

• To manage and coordinate R&T projects (on behalf of the

Member States)

• To promote less dependence on critical key technologies

• To contribute to building a competitive European Technological

and Industrial Base (including SME and research centers)

• To find synergies with civil programme of European

Commission - security research

• Promote Technology Watch and Assessment

www.eda.europa.eu15

CAPTechs – Technology domains & networks

The detailed technical coverage of each group is posted on the EDA WEBSITE

CBRN Protection and Human Factors

European Synergies and Innovation

Innovative Research

Technologies for Components and Modules

Radio Frequency Sensors Technologies

Electro-Optical Sensors Technologies

Materials & Structures

Guidance & Control

Energy WG

Capability, Armament & Technology

Information Superiority

Com

munic

ation Info

rmation S

yste

ms

& N

etw

ork

s

Syste

m o

f syste

ms,

Ba

ttle

lab

an

d

Modelli

ng &

Sim

ula

tion

Intervention & Protection

Gro

und S

yste

ms

Naval S

yste

ms

Aeri

al S

yste

ms

Am

munitio

n T

echnolo

gy

www.eda.europa.eu16

• EDA funded studies (OB)

Typically to review the state of the art of a technology domain, or to carry out a

(pre)feasibility study. IPRs/ownership for EDA

• Defence research targeted projects (Cat B)

Bottom up initiated, all technology domains, mainly underpinning research, average

characteristics up to ~10 contributing member states, ~5-6 M€ value (but biggest one was €

50 million) , ~3 years duration, OPT IN, no competition. User rights for pMS,

IPRs/ownership in originator

• Defence research Joint Investment Programmes - JIP (Cat A)

Top down initiated bigger programmes (such as Force Protection – 55 M€ and Innovative

concepts and Emerging Technologies -15 M€ CBRN protection - 12 M€), up to 20

contributing members, 2 to 3 years duration, OPT OUT, principle of global balance,

competition; calls for proposals. User rights for pMS, IPRs/ownership stay in originator

• Adapted instruments

Smart mixes and best practices schemes such as ‘UMS programme’ model

1

6

EDA’s toolbox to foster Defence R&T

www.eda.europa.eu

Topics with EDA coordination

www.eda.europa.eu18

SEC-10-FCT-2017: Integration of detection capabilities and data fusion with utility providers’

networks

Utility networks of sensors in urban areas as sources of information through the analysis of the substance that

they transport/provide or of their environment. They can constitute networked (mobile) platforms for sensors,

but this potential remains largely untapped.

EDA has analyzed through studies the feasibility to establish a huge (>10,000+) wireless sensor

network and a roadmap describing how those networks could be demonstrated in future R&T

programmes. In the JIP Force Protection Cat A Programme some projects were dealing with

integration of Sensors to enhance the Common Operational Picture.

TOPICS WITH EDA COORDINATION (1)

SEC-14-BES–2016: Towards reducing the cost of technologies in land border security

applications

The European Border Surveillance System (EUROSUR) is establishing a mechanism for Member States'

authorities carrying out activities at the European Union external border to share operational and situational

information and pictures. But without investments in technology and information systems, it is simply not

feasible to manage borders and border crossing points.

There has been EDA Cat B projects dealing with Low-cost, Lightweight and affordable solutions for

Urban Warfare Surveillance applications. On the other hand similar low-cost, Lightweight and

affordable solutions have been analysed as well for UAVs that could be used for land border

surveillance.

www.eda.europa.eu19

SEC-13–BES–2017: Next generation of information systems to support EU external

Policies

This topic is to support the development of a cost-effective common Situational Awareness, Information

Exchange and Operation Control Platform. Cost-effectiveness, and shorter time to implement may result from

adapting and exploiting existing approaches and experience in the defence sector, and leveraging from results

from relevant projects formerly funded by the EU.

Taking into consideration the findings of the CSA under topic "BES-11-2015: Information management topic 2:

Information management, systems and infrastructure for civilian EU External Actions" of the 2014-2015 Secure

Societies Work Programme, activities must be structured along three phases:

Phase 1: Plan the research and the design of the platform

Phase 2: The research and specification work should lead to at least 2 versions of flexible platforms.

Phase 3: By the end of 2020, the project should have documented, tested, and validated the use of each platform in at least

two operational scenarios within actual multinational operations. The participation of relevant and competent authorities in the

consortium of buyers is a prerequisite.

EDA has several activities in this area. The PT MARSUR addresses information exchanges between the navies of

MS and seeks interoperability with civilian information sharing platforms. It will likely be used in EU CSDP

operations and its information could also be relevant for EU missions. The GISMO study focused on the provision

of recommendations to enhance the access to and management of GEO-spatial information inside CSDP-

operations and the implementation of some of those recommendations. EDA as well is working on initiatives to

develop reference architectures to support mission networking within EU-led missions and operations.

TOPICS WITH EDA COORDINATION (2)

www.eda.europa.eu20

TOPICS WITH EDA COORDINATION (3)SEC-11-FCT-2016: Detection techniques on explosives: Countering an explosive threat,

across the timeline of a plot.Innovative approaches are required to: assess the effectiveness of the methods and techniques used to counter

a threat at certain point in time of the plot, against a credible scenarios based on real cases; assess how to best

combine methods and techniques along the timeline of a plot; identify methods and techniques able to fill in

existing gaps

EDA work regarding this topic has been focused in improving and field-test technology demonstrators of IED

detection capabilities supporting delivery of Future Route Clearance Capability (FRCC) capabilities beyond 2020

which will contribute to operational Freedom of Movement (FOM) required for successful missions. As IED detection

needs to be done by sensor combinations, a wide variety of sensors (combinations) will be considered in the different

phases of the process, a Program with parallel R&T goals has been proposed for mobile applications:

1a. Early warning by detecting indicators of IED: Change detection, detection of burial activity and/or disturbed soil,

Man-made object detection

1b. Stand-off Detection of IED components: Stand-off distance can be obtained through forward looking sensors

and/or use of remotely operated sensor platforms.

1c. (Close in) Confirmation and Identification: Technology solution for automated or semi-automated confirmation

and identification of IED

The FRCC requires a high probability of detection, a low false alarm rate and an acceptable workload for the operator.

To be able to fulfil these requirements it is anticipated that the FRCC will typically consist of a multi-sensor detection

system with highly automated detection algorithms and fusion capability of the multiple sensors. The interface with

the operator should provide the essential information without a lot of interaction and allow for further inspection by

the operator of an alarm.

www.eda.europa.eu21

SEC-16-BES–2017: Through-foliage detection, including in the outermost regions of the EU

Systems should be developed that combine or improve surveillance technologies and techniques and

arrays of sensors of different sorts capable to provide higher quality detection capabilities and

imaging via the integration of different techniques, to achieve wide- and small-area through foliage

detection, despite the canopy density, in a real operational context. They could build on airborne,

satellite-based, and/or on ground based platforms.

Detecting targets concealed in foliage or camouflage in a large area is a very challenging issue and

is critical for ground surveillance. It would provide many interesting outcomes such as detecting the

deployment of enemies hidden below vegetation in forest, locating the position of an accident in

search and rescue activities and marking changes occurred under the foliage.

Synthetic aperture radar operated in VHF and UHF low frequency bands has shown very good

penetration capability in the forest environment. The system CARABAS from SAAB is a reference

in this domain and some defense projects have been done based around this system concept.

TOPICS WITH EDA COORDINATION (4)

www.eda.europa.eu22

TOPICS WITH EDA COORDINATION (5)SEC-19-BES-2016: Data fusion for maritime security applications

Data fusion techniques, complementing the existing information systems and sensor platforms,

should help focusing the geographical zones to monitor through the deployment of surveillance

capabilities.

Data Fusion is a persistent topic in the defence domain. The Force Protection Programme dealt with

Sensor Fusion for Urban operations but there was not any specific programme for Maritime Data

Fusion.

Some projects have being focusing on enhancing situational awareness during military operations by

a fusion engine able to combine data from the sensors employed in a urban warfare scenario with

scalable architectures capable of working in a distributed fashion. They were dealing as well with

designing and experimenting real-time distributed multi sensor fusion engines combining data from

heterogeneous sensors in order to generate reliable estimates about the entities and events in urban

warfare scenarios.

These sensors provide data that can be exploited for tasks such as target detection, localization,

tracking, identification and recognition. Each task can benefit from the availability of multiple

sources providing additional data of the same type (thus adding redundancy) or of complementary

type. In both cases the reliability of the estimates on a given entity can be improved through fusion

processes that fall under “Level 1 and 2” categorization of the JDL model.

Thank you for your attention!