EACMEUROPEAN ASSOCIATION

FOR COMPOSITE MATERIALS

DEVELOPMENTSIN THE SCIENCE

AND TECHNOLOGYOF COMPOSITE

MATERIALS

FIFTH EUROPEAN CONFERENCEON COMPOSITE MATERIALS

APRIL 7-10,1992BORDEAUX - FRANCE

EDITORS: A.R. BUNSELL, J.F.JAMET, A. MASSIAH

With the sponsorship of the :

Commiss ion of the European Communi t i esConseil Regional d'Aquitaine

TECHNISCHEINFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK

UNIVERSITATSBIBLIOTHEKHANNOVER

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PLENARY PAPERS 1

MECHANICAL MODELLING :

• "Numerical Modelling of the Stress Field in a Laminate damagedby closely spaced transverse Cracks"D. GAMBY, J.-L REBIERE 31

• "Evaluation of the Failure Criterion for Composite Materials"F. VIDAL, J. POUYET, R. HUCHON 37

• "Coupling Effects between loading Modes in Polymer basedComposite Structural Components"A. CARDON NC

• "A higher-order finite Element Computational Model ofComposite Laminates"M. TOURATIER, A. BEAKOU 43

• "Composite pinned joint Failure Modes under progressive Damage"L. LESSARD, C.J. POON, A. FAHR 49

• "Analysis and Optimization of simple Composite Structures"A. MIRAVETE, S. BASELGA, P. BRAVO 55

• "A micromechanically-based Model for Composite Materialswith Matrix Cracks"R. PYRZ 63

• "Generalized progressive Damage Model for Compositemultilayered Structures"J.-L BILLOET, G. MATHERON 71

• "Interfacial Tensions in Transversely Loaded ConcentricallyStratified Composites"O. KASHIRENINOV, A. BRYUZGIN 77

• "Simulation of Matrix Cracking Damage History sustained byLaminated Composite Plates during Transverse Impact"C. ESPINOSA, F. COLLOMBET, J.L. LATAILLADE 83

• "A Unified Model for Fatigue Life Prediction of Carbon Fibre/Resin Composites"N. GATHERCOLE, T. ADAM, B. HARRIS, H. REITER 89

IX

"Mathematical Tools for Composite Structures Optimization"A. GUEMES, J. SAENZ, J.M. ALBELDA 95

"An Improved Energetic Method Derived from the ComplexModuli Theory for Predicting the Damping Capacity of Angle-Ply C.F.R.P. Laminates"M. CHAPUIS, M. NOUILLANT, P. MIOT 101

"Elastic.Analysis of Mixed Composites"N.K. NAIK, PS. SHEMBEKAR 109

"Reinforcement Concentration and Aspect Ration and the Propertiesof Fibre reinforced Thermoplastic Composites"J.-L. THOMASON NC

MECHANICAL CHARACTERISATION

• "Hydrothermoelastic Behaviour of woven Fabric Composites :Homogenization and Experiments"P. PEGORARD, M. KARAMA, J. LACASSAGNE, M. TOURATIER 11 7

• "Effect of high loading Rates on the mechanical Properties andDamage Evolution of Fibre reinforced Plastics"F.-J. BEHLER, A. WULF 123

• "Optical in plane Surface Deformations Measurements oforthotropic Sheets"R. HUCHON, J.-P. URRUTY, J. POUYET 129

• "Thermo-Mechanical Characterisation of Carbon-Fibre reinforcedPEEK for Applications at extreme Temperatures - Results of CTEMeasurements"W. ELSPASS 135

• "The Effect of Temperature on transverse cracking in crossplyComposite Laminates"L. BONIFACE 141

• "Stress Analysis of clamping effects in a laminated Composite Joint"R. BARBONI NC

• "Mechanisms of Compression Failure in Model Composites"F. GUILD, P. HOGG, D. HUA, A. CERVENKA 147

"The Strength of Carbon Fibre Bundles, Loose and Embedded in aPolymer and Carbon Matrix"P.W.M. PETERS, J. SCHMAUCH, R. WEISS, M.G. BADER 1 57

"The Flexural Strength of Unidirectional Carbon Fibre-Epoxy"M. WISNOM 165

"Suppression of multiple cracking in (0°/± 65°/0°) Carbon/Fibre/Epoxy Laminates"H. LILHOLT, S.I. ANDERSEN 171

"Kinetics of Blistering on coated Laminates"P. CASTAING, L. LEMOINE 177

"Automated Image Analysis for Evaluating Fibre LengthDistributions of Composite Materials Containing a Rangeof Aspect Ratios"A. HILL, M. BADER, P. SMITH 183

"New Design Carpet Plots for the Evaluation of the MechanicalStrength of Composite Laminates under Combined Loads"E. SANCHIZ 189

"Correlation between Crystallization and Rheological Behaviour of aPET/glass Fibers Composite"P. DUMAZET, A. DOUILLARD, B. CHABERT, J. GUILLET,A. GERARD, G. ANDRE 195

"Damage Effects on Viscoelastic Behaviour of CompositeLaminates"J.-F. MAIRE, D. PERREUX, C. OYTANA 201

"Impact Behaviour and Residual Compressive Strength of FITPBT/Glass Fibre Composites"A. ANTONIAZZI, A. MACCHETTA 207

"Molecular Deformation of High-Performance Fibres in Tensionand Compression"N. MELANITIS, C. GALIOTIS 213

"The Study on Mechanical Behaviors of Notched CompositeLaminates"H. LI 219

"Determination of Absolute Dynamic Moduli of anisotropic Composites"J.C. DUNCAN, RE. WETTON 225

XI

"Characterisation of Fatigue Damage of Composite Tubes underComplex Loading"B. MACQUAIRE, D. VALENTIN, A.R. BUNSELL 233

"Experimental Study and Numerical Modelling of Damage andFracture of Holed Composite Laminates"D.TRALLERO 239

"Impact Testing of Composite Plate Specimens : the Effect of TestParameters"J. DEGRIECK, R. DECHAENE 245

"Impact Delamination Growth in Composite Laminates"P. RUBBRECHT, I. VERPOEST 253

"Behaviour Law of Coated Fabrics under Biaxial Loading"A.GUENAND NC

"The Effect of Matrix Toughness OR the Transverse Failure in PolymerComposites"M. BERGLUND NC

Toading Rate Effect on Mixed Mode (I + II) Delamination Criteria ofSMC Composite Materials"Z.ABOURA NC

"On the Use of the Acoustic Emission Technique During theFragmentation Test"M. DESAEGER NC

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "Relationships between Microstructure and Interlaminar FractureToughness of Commingled Yarn Based Glass/PolypropyleneComposites"L YE, K. FRIEDRICH 261

• "Static and Fatigue Properties of unidirectional CFRP underTensile and Shear Loading at cryogenic Temperatures"K. PANNKOKE, S. KNAAK-DOJAN 267

• "Fatigue of Filament Wound Tubes"R. BREDEMO 273

XII

"The Effect of mixed Mode Block loading on the Fatigue Behaviorof a Carbon Fibre reinforced Resin Composite"N. GATHERCOLE, T. ADAM, B. HARRIS, H. REITER 279

"Wear Behaviour of Glass Fibre Reinforced Epoxy mixed with hardParticles"I. CRIVELLI VISCONTI, A. PAESANO, M. PENASA 285

"Ageing of Glass Epoxy and Carbon Epoxy Composites due to water"J.-L. LATAILLADE, J. DEROUAULT, C. SERVENS 291

"Behaviors of Glass-Polyester Laminates to High Velocity Projectiles"E. AYAX. R. ROUX, J.-L LATAILLADE 297

"Interlaminar Shear Strength Measurement of thin Composite RingsFabricated by Filament Winding"B. LAUKE, K. SCHNEIDER, K. FRIEDRICH 313

"Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of BMI-Matrix CompositesReinforced with Unidirectional Carbon Fibers"H. WITTICH, K. FRIEDRICH, G. CHRISTOPOULOS,V. ALTSTADT 319

"Effect of preliminary Loading and Moisture on Carbon FiberReinforced Plastic Properties"T. SORINA NC

FRACTURE OF POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "Mixed-Mode Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Carbon-FiberReinforced Composites"G. STEINMETZ, F.-J. ARENDTS 327

• "The effect of Fibre bridging on Mode I interlaminar FractureToughness in CFRP"H. ALBERTSEN, P.W.M. PETERS 333

• "Determination of the Strength of single carbon Fibres embeddedin Resin"M. BADER, C. BAILLIE 339

XIII

"High Strain Rate Testing of Crossply Laminates : Effects ofIntralaminar Shear Stresses"M. DELAET, J.-L. LATAILLADE, F. COLLOMBET 345

"Modelling of Damage during Impact on Composite Plates"F. CHAILLOU, J.-L. LATAILLADE 351

"Thermally Induced Residual Stresses and Failure Initiation inAngle Ply Laminates"S.I. ANDERSEN, K. NIELSEN 359

"Physico-Chemical Matrix Properties Effects on Fracture Toughnessof Unidirectional Thermoplastic Composites (Polyamide + GlassFibres)"B. GOFFAUX NC

INTERFACE

• "The Influence of Fibre Surface Treatment on the MechanicalBehaviour of Carbon-Fibre reinforced plastics Composites"M. BADER, I. VERPOEST, M. DESAEGER, J. IVENS,P. PETERS, H. ALBERTSEN, M. PEREIRA DOS REIS,V. SA DA COSTA, A.M. BOTELHO DO REGO, J.D. LOPESDA SILVA, R. ROBINSON, D. HODGE 367

• "The effects of Surface Treatment of Carbon Fibres by Electro-Polymerization and Plasma Polymerisation"B. HARRIS, O. BRADDELL, C. LEFEVBRE, J. VERBIST 373

• "Analysis of the Deformation of Fibres and Composites usingRaman Spectroscopy"R. YOUNG; Y. HUANG, P.P. ANG 379

• "Micromechanical Modelling of the Fibre-Matrix Interface inTransversely Loaded Carbon Fibre Reinforced Epoxy"J. DE KOK, E.J. VAN KLINKEN, T. PEIJS 385

• "The Influence of Fibre Surface Treatment on InterphaseProperties in CFRP"H. ALBERTSEN, P. PETERS 391

• "Fibre Strain Distribution and Residual Thermal Stresses in carbonFibre/PEEK Composites"

C. GALIOTIS, C. FILIOU 397

• "Micromechanics of the Fibre/Matrix Interface"R. KEUNINGS, T. LACROIX, M. DESAEGER, I. VERPOEST 403

XIV

"The Effect of Silane coatings on the Stress and EnergyDistributions around on E-glass Fiber Embedded in a PolyesterMatrix"S. CONNELLY, MA. ACCORSI, A.T. Dl BENEDETTO,A. Dl ANSELMO 409

"Interface Micromechanics in Aramid/Epoxy Model Composites"C. VLATTAS, C. GALIOTIS 415

"Materialographic Preparation of Composite Materials"A. GUESNIER NC

"The Effect of the Carbon/Epoxy Interface on Damage Accumulationduring Fatigue"J. IVENS NC

PROCESSING OF POLYMER MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "Impregnation and Consolidation Mechanisms in Processing ofGF/PP Composites from Powder Impregnated Fiber Bundles"L. YE, V. KLINKMULLER, K. FRIEDRICH 423

• "Composites based on Poly(vinyl/alcohol) Fibres"A.A.J.M. PEIJS, R.J.M. VAN VUGHT, L.E. GOVAERT 429

• "Modelling of Heat Flow and Cure Reactions in Epoxy-Resin-Composites Manufacture"M. VAN DDK, J. BENNIS 435

• "Fabrication monitoring of APC-2 using embedded Fibre OpticSensors"R. DAVIDSON, S, ROBERTS, N. ZAHLAN 441

• "Modelling of the Thermoforming Proess of Glass Mat Reinforcedthermoplastic Composites (experimental part 1)"A. VERHOYEN, I. VERPOEST, P. VAN HOUTTE 447

• "At/Si MMCs Produced by Semi-Solid Processing"P, WARD, H ATKINSON, D. KIRKWOOD, M. SELLARS NC

• "The Effect of the Processing Variables on the Structure of GMTPieces"A. RUBIO, M, A. MENDIZABAL, P. EGUIZABAL, J.F. LICEAGA 453

XV

"Continuous Compression Molding of Thermoplastic Stringers"U. SPELZ 459

"Tape-winding of High Performance Thermoplastic MatrixComposites"H. WITTICH, K. FRIEDRICH 465

"Vibrational assisted Low Pressure Casting, a New Route toProduce Preform based Composites"C.-H. ANDERSSON, L.-O. PENNANDER 471

"Residual Curing Stresses in Glassfibre Reinforced Polyester andVinylester"B. MELVE, A.F. BREVIK 477

"Automation of the Autocrave processing of High PerformanceComposites"A. TRIVISANO, J. KENNY, L NICOLAIS, S. INSERRA, C. VOTO 485

ENVIRONMENTAL

• "Corrosion Behaviour of Metal Matrix Composites"S.L COLEMAN, B. McENANEY, V. SCOTT, K. STOKES 493

• "Oxidation Resistance and Strength after Oxidation of a 2D wovenCarbon Fiber Silicon Carbide Matrix Composite"F. LAMOUROUX, G. CAMUS, J. THEBAULT 499

• "Moisture Diffusion in Polymer Matrix Composites with CyclicEnvironmental Conditions"G. VERCHERY 505

• "High Temperature Oxidation Protection of Carbon/CarbonComposites"G. ROUSSEAU, F. SAUGNAC, F. BOURSEREAU 511

APPLICATIONS

• "Long and Short Arm suspension in Continuous Fiber ReinforcedThermoplastic"S. DELALOYE, G. ZIEGMANN 519

XVI

"Design and Modeling of a Composite Materials T.G.V. Bogie"W. MASMOUDI NC

"High-Loaded Automotive Structural Components of Fibre-ReinforcedThermoplastics"R. MEHN, F. SEIDL 525

"Technological Breakthrough in hot Skin Antenna Design"F. FENOT, T. ARNOLD, J.P. ROCHER, R. COLMET 531

"Development of Aerospace Thermoplastic Composite StructuralComponent Using the Superplastic Forming Technique"S. PANTELAKIS, T. KERMANIDIS, G. LABEAS, V. SCHULZE 537

"The Structural Behaviour of Externally-Pressurized FRP domes"J. BLACHUT, G.D. GALLETLY 545

MECHANICAL CHARACTERISATION OF METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "The Effect of Fibre Architecture on the Toughness of uni-directionally reinforced Metal-Based Composites"C. FRIEND, P. WINFIELD 555

• "Low Cycle Fatigue of Discontinuously Reinforced Metal MatrixComposites"M. LEVIN, B. KARLSSON 561

• "Environmental Influence to the Fatigue Behaviour and DamageSiC-Fibre reinforced Aluminium Alloys"K. SCHULTE, K. MINOSHIMA 569

• "Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Magnesium basedMetal Matrix Composites"A. MARTINEZ NC

MECHANICAL MODELLING OF CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "Nonlinear Thermomechanical Model for Composite MaterialsApplication to Ceramic Matrix Composites"B.N. NGUYEN, C. FLEURY, G. LASCHET 579

XVII

"A Probabilistic Approach to the Failure of Ceramic MatrixComposites (CMC) : Analysis of the Influence of Fiber/MatrixInterfaces"J. LAMON, L. GUILLAUMAT 585

"Damage Meso-Modelling for 3D Evolutive Composites"C. CLUZEL, O. ALLIX, P. LADEVEZE, P. PERES 591

"A Model describing the Changes in Ceramic-Ceramic FibreComposite under cyclic Fatigue loading"P. REYNAUD, D. ROUBY, G. FANTOZZI 597

MECHANICAL CHARACTERISATION OF CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "Matrix cracking during Deformation and Fatigue of GlassCeramic Matrix Composites"B. HARRIS, R.G. COOKE, F. HABIB 605

• "Damage Development in a Ceramic Matrix Composite underMechanical Loading"B.F. SORENSEN, R. TALREJA, O.T. SORENSEN 613

• "Macromechanics, Micromechanics and Microstructures of CalciumAluminosilicate reinforced with Nicalon Fibres"S. BLEAY, V.D. SCOTT 619

• "Microstructure and Thermo-Mechanical Properties of SiC-Fibersreinforced Glass-Ceramic Matrix Composites : Influence of theMatrix Precursor"Y. MONTARDI, E. MENESSIER, H. NUSSBAUM, C. DROUET 625

• "Effect of Oxygen Content on Mechanical Properties and OxidationResistance on EX-PCSZ Si-C-N-O Model Filaments"R. PAILLER, I. JAYMES, R. NASLAIN, C. RICHARD, J.P. PILLOT,J. DUNOGUES, P. OLRY, D. MOCAER, E. CHASSAGNEUX 631

PROCESSING OF METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "Forging of Short Alumina Fibre Reinforced Aluminium Alloys"G. DURRANT, V. SCOTT, S. CLIFT, R. TRUMPER 639

• "Diffusion Bonding of Fibre-Reinforced Aluminium"R.S. BUSHBY, V.D. SCOTT, R.L TRUMPER 645

XVIII

"Manufacturing of Al-Si Matrix Composites Preforms reinforcedby C-Fibres"S. PELLETIER, M. DE SANCTIS, J. MASSOL, Y. BIENVENU,H. VINCENT, C. VINCENT 651

"An Overview of the Damage Effects related to the Processing ofAluminium Matrix Composites by Liquid Infiltration"Y. LEPETITCORPS, G. LEBORGNE, J.M. QUENISSET,M. BARTHOLE, T. STEPHENSON, Y. ROUAUX, R. MOORE 657

"Forming of Magnesium Matrix Composites by Forging"J. SCHRODER, K.U. KAINER 665

"Entrapment/Pushing of Short SiC Fibers at the Solid/Liquid Interfacein Pure Aluminium Matrix Composites"D. COUPARD, L ALBINGRE, F. GIROT, J.-M. QUENISSET 671

"Development of Aluminium Matrix Composites Connecting Rods"F. GIROT, P. CONCHEZ-BOUEYTOU, A. MUNOZ, J. GONI,J.-P. LARTIGAU, L ALBINGRE, J.-F. LICEAGA 677

PROCESSING OF CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "Sol-Gel Processing of Fibre-Reinforced Ceramic Shapes"R.S. RUSSELFLOYD, B. HARRIS, R.W. JONES, R.G. COOKE,T.H. WANG, J. LAURIE, F.W. HAMMETT 685

• "Thermal Behaviour of Polymer-derived Ceramics : III : Si-C-NSystem from a new PCSZ Precursor"O. DELVERDIER, M. MONTHIOUX, D. MOCAER, R. PAILLER 691

• "Carbon Fiber reinforced Silicon Nitride-Sialon Matrix Composites"K. NAKANO, A. KAMIYA 697

• "Fiber reinforced Composites, A,new Class of Glass and Glass-Ceramic Materials for Thermomechanical Applications"G. LARNAC, P, LESPADE, P. PERES, J.M. DONZAC 703

• "Reaction Bonded Fibre Reinforced Silicon Nitride CeramicComposites" -R. LUNDBERG, L PEJRYD 709

• "Diamond Reinforced Composites"B. MARUYAMA, R.K EVERETT, A. MORRISH, P. NATISHAN,P. PEHRSSON, A.E. EDELSTEIN, L.S. COOK 715

XIX

MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF METAL/CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "Heat Treatment Optimisation and Improvement of Tensile Propertiesof Fibre-reinforced Aluminium Alloys"F. DECOMPS, N. GARDAIX, M.G. BADER, A. BARBEDO DEMAGALHAES 723

• "Microtextures of Interfaces related to Mechanical Properties inCeramic Fiber reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites"M. MONTHIOUX, D. COJEAN 729

• "Thermal cycling induced Deformation in Aluminium Matrixreinforced with long Carbon Fibres"I. GHORBEL, D. VALENTIN 735

• "Development of SiC Matrix Composites"P. PERNOT, M. PARLIER, P. LESPADE, O. SUDRE NC

• "Phenomenological Approach to the Mechanical Behaviorof Two 2D SiC-SiC Composites at Room Temperature"X. AUBARD 741

• "Mechanical Anisotropy in Planar-Random Short-Fibre ReinforcedMagnesium"D. TOWLE, C. FRIEND 747

• "Radial Thermal Expansion of Carbon and Si-C-O Fibers asMeasured directly by Tern from 25 to 800°C"J.-F. VILLENEUVE, R. NASLAIN, J. SEVELY, R. FOURMEAUX 753

FRACTURE OF POLYMER/METAL/CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "Low Speed Impact Behaviour of Carbon-Carbon Composites"E. MARTINEZ DE LA HIDALHA, M.J. JURADO, B. CAPOROSSI 761

• "Microstructural Aspect of Crack Propagation in Si3N4-SiCWhisker Composites"E. CHAMPION, P. GOURSAT, J.L BESSON, P. LESPADE,E. MENESSIE, C. DROUET 767

• "Determination of the mixed mode Delamination toughness usingan imposed Displacement cantilever Beam Test Method"X.J. GONG, ML. BENZEGGAGH 773

XX

"Fracture of 2D woven SiC/SiC Ceramic Composites : Determinationof Fracture Energy"C. LOPEZ, Y. YEMSI, J. LAMON 787

"Failure Mechanisms and Toughness of Alumina, Ductile-ParticleToughened Ceramics and SiC Fibre - Ceramic Composites"G. VEKINIS, H. SHERCLIFF, P. BEAUMONT 793

STRUCTURE OF NON DESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION

• "Determining the Morphology of Glass Fibres in Composites"A.R. CLARKE, N. DAVIDSON, G. ARCHENHOLD, R.A. DUCKETT,P.J. HINE 803

• "Non-Destructive Thermal Identification of Delaminations insidea Laminate using Experimental Laplace Transforms and Thermo-graphy : Construction of Thickness and Depth Profiles"D. MAILLET, S. DIDIERJEAN, A.-S. HOULBERT,A. DEGIOVANNI 809

• "Evaluation of Aramid/Epoxy Dielectric Walls using Fiber OpticSensors"J. LECUELLET, P. BONNIAU, J. CHAZELAS 81 5

• "Microwave Measurement of Physico-Chemical Properties ofPolymers and Composites"J.P. PARNEIX, J.L MIANE 821

• "Non-Destructive Control Variable Use in Damage ViscoelasticModel"B. CRIMEE, D VARCHON, D. PERREUX, C. OYTANA 827

• "Acoustic Emission from Composite Spherical Pressure Vessels"B. MOUHAMATH, A.R. BUNSELL 833

• "Laser Speckle Interferometry Displacements Measurement Appliedto the Characterization of Textile Structural Composite Plates"P. BONNEL NC

POLYMER MATRICES

• "Reactive Modification of BMI Networks for Composite Applicationsby Means of Functional Polysiloxanes"M. MARTUSCELLI NC

XXI

"A Novel Method for the Determination of the Void Content ofGlass-Fibre Reinforced Composites"J. WINTRAECKEN, H. DE GROOT 841

"Effect of the Influence of a Joint Design in the Adhesive Bondingbetween Composites"C. FORURIA, E. URETA, N. MARKAIDE 847

"Manifestation of Crystallization Kinetics in the Processing ofThermoplastic Composites"J. FERRARA, J.C. SEFERIS 853

"Effect of Modifying Agents on the Matrices of Glass FibreReinforced Thermoplastic Composites"S.J. BONFIELD, A.R. BUNSELL, S. AL MALAIKA, H. SHEENA 859

"Consolidation Studies of Thermoplastic Composites"G. TORRE, C.N. VELISARIS, J.C. SEFERIS, J. KENNY,L.NICOLAIS, M. IANNONE 869

INTERFACE CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES

• "The Effect of Fibre/Matrix Interactions on the Mechanical Propertiesof a Silicon Carbide reinforced Titanium Alloy"G.A. COOPER, M.G. BADER 877

• "Microstructure of the Transition Zone Between Unreinforced Alloyand Composite in Selectively reinforced Components"J. GONI, A. MUNOZ, J.F. LICEAGA 883

• "SiC-AI Interface in a Squeeze Casting SiCw/6061AI Composite"L GENG, C.K. YAO 889

• "Determination of Interfacial Properties in Ceramic MatrixComposites Using Microcomposite Specimens"J. LAMON, C. RECHINIAC, N. LISSART, P. CORNE 895

• "Microtexture of Interfaces related to Mechanical Properties inCarbon Fiber reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites"J.-F. DESPRES, M. MONTHIOUX 901

• "Interface Characterization Test on fibre Ceramic-CeramicComposites Involving the Residual Stresses"M. BENOIT, F GUILLARD, D. ROUBY, G. FANTOZZI 907

XXII

3D COMPOSITES APPLICATIONS

• "Application of 3D Braiding for Composites"A. BUSGEN, B. WULFHORST, J. BRANDT, H.-F. SIEGLING 915

• "New Processes for 3D Preforms"M. CAHUZAC 921

• "Mechanical Properties of Knitted Glass Fibre/Epoxy ResinLaminates"I. VERPOEST, J. DENDAUW 927

• "Development Study for a CFRP Transmission Housing"A. JOHNSON, B. HINZ 933

• "Improving the Skin Peel Strength of Sandwich panels byusing 3D-Fabrics"J. IVENS, I. VERPOEST, P, VANDERVLEUTEN 941

XXIII