European Art – 16 th and 17 th Centuries How did the artistic achievements of this era reflect the...
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Transcript of European Art – 16 th and 17 th Centuries How did the artistic achievements of this era reflect the...
European Art – 16th and 17th Centuries
How did the artistic achievements of this era reflect the political and
economic developments of the period?
Mannerism• High Renaissance – Mannerism (starts in 1520s) – Baroque• Emphasis on: elongated forms, collapsed perspective,
imbalance to convey strong emotions.
Pantormo’s Entombment,
1525-1528Rosso Fiorentino, The Dead Christ with
Angels, c. 1524-1527
Mannerism: El Greco (Domenikos Theotocopoulos)
The Disrobing of Christ, 1527-1529
View of Toledo, 1596-1600 Adoration of the Shepherds, 1612-14
The Baroque Art – 17th Century
• Use of dramatic and exaggerated movements, clear details and composition to inspire / awe the audience and solicit emotional involvement
• Associated with the Catholic counter-reformation – challenge to the austerity of the Protestant view of artistic expression
• Adopted by secular rulers to manifest opulence
Italian Baroque
Caravaggio, Deposition (or Entombment), c. 1600-04
Gian Lorenzo Bernini, Ecstasy of St. Teresa, 1645-52
Left: Caravaggio, Judith beheading Holofernes, 1598-99, oil on canvas, 145 x 195 cm (Palazzo Barberini, Rome); and right: Artemisia Gentileschi, Judith and Holofernes, 1620-21, oil on canvas, 162.5 x 199 cm (Uffizi Gallery, Florence)
Baroque Spreads: French Classicism
Hyacinthe Rigaud, Louis XIV, King of France and Navarre, 1701
Versailles, France
French Clacissism: Nicholas Poussin (1594-1665)
*Subject: often from classical antiquity
*Orderly composition and landscape
Nicolas Poussin, Landscape with St. John, 1640
Baroque Architecture: Cont.
Sant'Ivo alla Sapienza Built in 1642-1660, Francesco
Borromini
Schönbrunn Palace, Vienna
Winter Palace, Saint Petersburg
The Dutch Baroque – Dutch Realism• 17th Century – “Golden Age” of the Dutch Republic
(United Provinces)• Commerce/banking = art patronage!• Focus on “realistic portrayal of secular life”
Bartholomeus van der Helst, Banquet of the Amsterdam Civic Guard in Celebration of the Peace of Münster, 1648
Peter Paul Ruebens - Flemish Artist(Spanish Netherlands)
The Elevation of the Cross, 1610-1611 The Landing of Marie de Medici at Marseilles, 1621-1625
Dutch Baroque – Dutch Realism• Johannes Vermeer – specialized in
domestic scenes of middle-class life
Girl with a Pearl Earring, 1665
The Geographer, 1668-69
The Love Letter,
1669-1670
Dutch Realism – Rembrandt van Rijn• Considered the greatest painter of the Dutch “Golden Age”• Very prolific artist (approximately 600 paintings, 300 etchings,
and 1400 drawings.
The Night
Watch, 1642