Eukaryotic Cell Organelles

Kara Stevens

Nucleus

• Area that contains the DNA

Nucleolus

• Inside the nucleus• Makes ribosomes

Nuclear Membrane

• The “skin” of the nucleus

Nuclear Pores

• Small holes in the nuclear membrane that allows materials to pass in and out

Chromatin

• Loose DNA inside the nucleus

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.)

• Transports materials• Assembles lipids to transport to cell

membrane• Tube-like structures

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (E.R.)

• Assembles proteins• Transports proteins and other materials• Has ribosomes all over the outside of it

Ribosome

• Small dot-like structure• Makes proteins• Made in the nucleolus• Floats everywhere in cytoplasm and on the

rough E.R.

Golgi Body (Golgi Apparatus)

• Repackages materials for use elsewhere

Lysosome

• Recycles and gets rid of old pieces of the cell and the organelles

• Uses enzymes to do this – a natural chemical to speed up reactions

Mitochondria

• Powerhouse (makes energy)• Turns food into energy• Cellular Respiration is done here• Lots of them in muscle cells; not so many in

skin cells

Vacuoles

• Storage place for extra food and water• Plant cell = large vacuole• Animal cell = small vacuoles

Cell Membrane

• Lipid bi-layer• Protects the cell• Regulates what goes in and out of the cell

Cell Wall

• Rigid layer on the outside of plant cells• Provides strength and structure• The only organelle left after the death of a

plant (ex: log of a tree)

Cytoplasm

• Gel-like material that everything floats in• Made of mostly water

Centrioles

• Part of cell reproduction

Microtubules

• Help give structure to the cell

Chloroplast

• Green organelle where photosynthesis happens

• Only in plants• Filled with green pigment stacks called

Chlorophyll