Etymology of Kinship Names in Indo European Languages

There are also separate terms in every language for relations belonging to different generations. Among the lower races especially, age, or, more exactly, the age of the person spoken to compared with that of the speaker, plays a very important part in the matter of denomination. Addressing the elders is decided therefore on the basis of Greatness or elderness. mū -> ைம mutumai n. [Telugu. mudimi, Malayalam. muduma.] 1. Antiquity, oldness; பழைம. (ப.) 2. Old age; . இளைம நாண ைம ெயதி (மண. 4, 107). 3. See ெமாழி, 1. (டா.) 4. Maturity; றின தைம. (ப.) 5. See காசி. கழிேதா ெராழிேதா காய ைம (ெதா. ெபா. 79). mudu -> வ muduvar n. 1. Elders, old persons; ேதா. தமராகிய வ (கத. வளய. 43). 2. Persons of ripe wisdom; men of experience; ஞான தலியவறா மிேகா. வ கிளவாெசறி (ற, 715). (ப.) 3. Counsellors; மதிக. (ப.) 4. Poets; லவ. (W.) 5. A hill tribe; ஒசா மைல சாதியா. (E. T. v, 86.) mudu -> ேவா muduvōr n. 1. Elders, old persons; ேதா. தமராகிய வ (கத. வளய. 43). 2. Persons of ripe wisdom; men of experience; ஞான தலியவறா மிேகா. வ கிளவாெசறி (ற, 715). (ப.) 3. Counsellors; மதிக. (ப. 4. The great; the elders, as king, teacher, mother, father, elder brother; அரச உபாதியாய தா தைத அண தலிய ெபேயாக. ேவா கித ைகயைன (சிபா. 231). 5. Poets; லவ. (திவா.) Mr. Swann says that among the Waguha, West Tanganyika, men advanced in years are termed " baba," father, whilst, in other parts of Equatorial Africa, according to Mr. Reade, old men are addressed as " rera," father, and old women as "ngwe," mother. Again,Mr. Cousins asserts that, among the natives of Cis-Natalian Kafirland, the terms for father, mother, brother, and sister, are not restricted to them only, but are applied equally to other persons of a similar age, whether related or otherwise. This is the case as in Tamil and other South Indian languages. The Finnish " isa " and the Votyak " ai," father, the Lappish " aja," and the Esthonian " ai," grandfather, are evidently related to, and probably the roots of, the Finnish " iso " and " aija," which mean big. The Chukchi usejbesides " atta" for father and "mamang" for mother, "empynatchyo " and " dmpyngau " respectively, which obviously have the same root as " empytchin," elder or older. As to the collateral line, it should be observed that, in Cagatai, an elder sister is called " egeci," which actually means old woman (" ege," old, big ; " eci," woman, sister)." In Hungarian, where “batya" stands for elder brother, an uncle is “nagybdtya," i e., a big elder brother. Among many Ural-Altaic peoples, the same term is applied to an elder brother as to an uncle, to an elder sister as to an aunt. And, speaking of the South Australians, Eyre says, " In their intercourse with each other, natives of different tribes are exceedingly punctilious and polite; . . . almost every thing that is said is prefaced by the appellation of father, son, brother, mother, sister, or some other similar term, corresponding to that degree of relationship which would have been most in accordance with their relative ages and circumstances." Among the Waguha, strangers are called " ndugu," brother, if of the same tribe. Same is the case in Tamil and other South Indian languages. Indo-European esp. Sanskrit words denoting kinship were derived from Tamil words and roots. These words are based upon logic unlike Indo European linguistics’ speculative etymology. ம maḷ-> மகா makā adj. 1. Great, high, exalted, dignified, noble, honourable; ெபைம யான. மகாசைபேயா (S. I. I. i, 68). 2. Immense, prodigious, stupendous, monstrous, extreme; அளவற. 3. Superior, paramount, superlative; உயத. 4. Intense; மித. Swazi, Swaziland, Mozambique. Make (mother) Tekela, Swaziland, Mozambique. Make (mother) Tekeza, Swaziland, Mozambique. Make (mother) shubi, Tanzania. Maha (mother) Jinja, Tanzania. Maha (mother) ம maḷ-> மா mā n. 1. Greatness; ெபைம. அகமா ஞால (நால, 148). 2. Strength; வலி. (ப.) 3. Lakṣmī; இலமி. மாமத மலமாப (றநா. 7). 4. Treasure; ெசவ. (ச. அக.) 5. Sarasvatī; சரவதி. (ச. அக.) மா mā -> மாய² māyam n. 1. (அ.நி.) Height; உயர. 2. cf. ஆய². Length; நள. 3. Sum; ெதாைக.

Etymology of Kinship Names in Indo European Languages

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