Esad5e Pp Ch01
-
Upload
jeddika-ciangga -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
0
Transcript of Esad5e Pp Ch01
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
1/36
Essentials of
Systems Analysis and DesignFifth Edition Joseph S. Valacich Joey F. George
Jerey A. Hoer
Chapter 1he Systems De!elopment
En!ironment
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
1.11.1
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
2/36
Learning Objectives
Defne inormation systems analysisand design
Discuss the modern approach tosystems analysis and design thatcombines both process and data viewso systems
Describe the role o the systemsanalyst in inormation systemsdevelopment
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.21.2
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
3/36
Learning Objectives(continued)
Describe the inormation systemsdevelopment lie cycle (SDLC)
List alternatives to the systemsdevelopment lie cycle including adescription o the role o computeraided sotware engineering (C!S")tools in systems development
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.31.3
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
4/36
Chapter #review
Systems !nalysis is a proven methodto help a business utili$e inormation to
its ullest capacity Systems Development Lie Cycle
(SDLC)
› Central to %normation SystemsDevelopment
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.51.5
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
5/36
&hat is %normationSystems !nalysis and
Design' ! method used by companies to create
and maintain systems that perormbasic business unctions
ain goal is to improve employeeeciency by applying sotwaresolutions to *ey business tas*s
! structured approach must be used inorder to ensure success
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.1.
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
6/36
&hat is %normation Systems!nalysis and Design' (continued)
Systems !nalysts perorm analysis anddesign based upon+›
,nderstanding o organi$ation-s objectivesstructure and processes
› .nowledge o how to e/ploit inormationtechnology or advantage
0ig 121 illustrates the SystemsDevelopment Lie Cycle a our2phasedapproach used throughout this te/t
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.!1.!
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
7/36Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.!1.!
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
8/36
Systems !nalysis andDesign+ Core Concepts
ajor goal+ to improve organi$ationalsystems by developing or ac3uiringapplication sotware and trainingemployees in its use
!pplication sotware or a systemsupports organi$ational unctions or
processes
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1."1."
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
9/36
Systems !nalysis andDesign+ Core Concepts
(continued) System+ 4urns data into inormation and
includes+› 5ardware and system sotware
› Documentation and training materials
› 6ob roles associated with the system
› Controls to prevent thet or raud
› 4he people who use the sotware to perorm
their jobs 0igure 178 illustrates all the components
o a system
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.#1.#
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
10/36Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
1.101.10
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
11/36
Sotware "ngineering#rocess
! process used to create an inormationsystem
Consists o+› ethodologies
! se3uence o step2by2step approaches that helpdevelop the inormation system
› 4echni3ues
#rocesses that the analyst ollows to ensure thoroughcomplete and comprehensive analysis and design
› 4ools Computer programs that aid in applying techni3ues
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.111.11
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
12/36Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
1.121.12
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
13/36
System
! system is an interrelated set obusiness procedures used within onebusiness unit wor*ing together or apurpose
! system has nine characteristics ! system e/ists within an environment
! boundary separates a system romits environment
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.131.13
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
14/36
Characteristics o a System
Components %nterrelated Components
9oundary #urpose "nvironment %nteraces
Constraints %nput Output
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.1$1.1$
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
15/36
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.151.15
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
16/36
%mportant System Concepts
Decomposition› 4he process o brea*ing down a system into
smaller components
› !llows the systems analyst to+ 9rea* a system into small manageable and
understandable subsystems 0ocus on one area at a time without intererence
rom other areas Concentrate on component pertinent to one group
o users without conusing users with unnecessarydetails
9uild di:erent components at independent timesand have the help o di:erent analysts
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.11.1
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
17/36
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.1!1.1!
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
18/36
%mportant System Concepts(continued) odularity
› #rocess o dividing a system intomodules o a relatively uniorm si$e
› odules simpliy system design
Coupling› Subsystems that are dependent upon
each other are coupled
Cohesion› "/tent to which a subsystem perorms a
single unction
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.1"1.1"
d h
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
19/36
! odern !pproach toSystems !nalysis and
Design Systems %ntegration
› !llows hardware and sotware rom
di:erent vendors to wor* together› "nables procedural language systems to
wor* with visual programming systems
› ;isual programming environment uses
client
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
20/36
=our >ole in SystemsDevelopment
Study problems and needs o anorgani$ation
Determine best approach to improvingorgani$ation through use o+› #eople
› ethods
› %normation technology
5elp system users and managers defnetheir re3uirements or new or enhancedinormation systems
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.201.20
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
21/36
Developing %normation Systems andthe Systems Development Lie Cycle
Systems Development ethodology
› ! standard process ollowed in anorgani$ation to conduct all the stepsnecessary to
analy$e
design
implement
and maintain inormation systems7
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.211.21
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
22/36
Developing %normation Systems and theSystems Development Lie Cycle(continued)
Systems Development Lie Cycle› Series o steps used to manage the phases
o development or an inormation system
› Consists o our phases+ #lanning and Selection !nalysis Design
%mplementation and Operation
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.221.22
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
23/36
Developing %normation Systems and theSystems Development Lie Cycle(continued)
› #hases are not necessarily se3uential
› "ach phase has a specifc outcome anddeliverable
› "very company customi$es the lie2cyclemodel to its individual needs
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.231.23
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
24/36
#hases o the SystemsDevelopment Lie Cycle
17 Systems #lanning and Selection› 4wo ain !ctivities
%dentifcation o need
%nvestigation and determination o scope
87 Systems !nalysis› Study o current procedures and inormation
systems
Determine re3uirements ?enerate alternative designs Compare alternatives >ecommend best alternative
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.2$1.2$
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
25/36
#hases o the Systems DevelopmentLie Cycle (continued)
@7 System Design› Logical Design
Concentrates on business aspects o the system
› #hysical Design 4echnical specifcations
A7 System %mplementation and Operation› %mplementation
5ardware and sotware installation #rogramming ,ser 4raining Documentation
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.251.25
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
26/36
#hases o the Systems DevelopmentLie Cycle (continued)
System %mplementation and Operation(continued)
System changed to reBect changingconditions
System obsolescence
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.21.2
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
27/36
!lternative !pproaches toDevelopment
#rototyping
› 9uilding a scaled2down wor*ing version othe system
› !dvantages+
,sers are involved in design
Captures re3uirements in concrete orm
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.2!1.2!
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
28/36
!lternative !pproaches toDevelopment (continued)
Computer2!ssisted Sotware"ngineering (C!S") 4ools
›
!utomated sotware tools used by systemsanalysts to develop inormation systems
› Can be used throughout SDLC
› #roduct and tool integration is provided
through a repository
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.2"1.2"
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
29/36
!lternative !pproaches toDevelopment (continued)
› ?eneral types o C!S" tools
Diagramming tools
Computer display and report generators
!nalysis tools
>epository
Documentation generators
Code generators
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.2#1.2#
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
30/36
!lternative !pproaches toDevelopment (continued)
6oint !pplication Design (6!D)› ,sers anagers and !nalysts wor*
together or several days
› System re3uirements are reviewed
› Structured meetings
>apid !pplication Development (>!D)›
,tili$es prototyping to delay producingsystem design until ater userre3uirements are clear
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.301.30
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
31/36
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.311.31
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
32/36
!pproaches to Development(continued)
#articipatory Design (#D)› "mphasi$es role o the user
› "ntire user community can be involved indesign
!gile ethodologies› 0ocuses on
!daptive methodologies #eople instead o roles Sel2adaptive development process
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.321.32
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
33/36
Summary
%normation systems analysis anddesign
›
#rocess o developing and maintaining aninormation system
odern approach to systems analysis
› #rocess2oriented
› Data2oriented
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.331.33
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
34/36
Summary (continued)
>ole o Systems !nalyst Systems Development Lie Cycle (SDLC)
› Systems #lanning and Selection
› Systems !nalysis
› Systems Design
› Systems %mplementation
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall1.3$1.3$
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
35/36
Summary (continued)
!lternatives to Systems Development LieCycle› #rototyping
› >apid !pplication Development (>!D)› C!S"
› 6oint !pplication Design (6!D)
› #articipatory Design (#D)
› !gile ethodologies
Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
1.351.35
-
8/19/2019 Esad5e Pp Ch01
36/36
%ll rights reser&ed. 'o part o( this publication )ay be reproduced, stored in a
retrie&al syste), or trans)itted, in any (or) or by any )eans, electronic,
)echanical, photocopying, recording, or other*ise, *ithout the prior *rittenper)ission o( the publisher. Printed in the +nited tates o( %)erica.
Copyright 818 #earson "ducation %nc7
#ublishing as #rentice 5all