Environmental Issues in I.C.T sector
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Environmental Issues In ICT Sector
Sehrish Syed
12 HRM -15
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What is ICT…? Built on the 4 Cs
Computing
Communication
Content and human
Capacity
ICT is more than computers and telephony
ICT is embedded in virtually all Industrial
Commercial and
Service system
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ICT Impact on Various Areas
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ICTs have helped us solve many challenges
– such as connecting us globally
– entertaining us in every possible way
– helping us to be more productive, efficient and effective.
This valuable Sector has a negative side too
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ICT and The Environment The relationship among ICTs, innovation and the environment is
often examined in terms of three distinct kinds of effects
Direct effects:
• The impacts and opportunities created by the physical existence of ICT and the processes involved
Indirect effects:• The impacts and opportunities created by the ongoing
use and application of ICT
Systemic effects:
• The impacts and opportunities created by the aggregated effects of large numbers of people using ICT over the medium to long term.
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Case Study – We Will See in CourtDirect Impact
Workers making televisions and semi-conductors at a factory in Taiwan
Filed a lawsuit against Radio Corp of America (RCA), claiming that contamination of ground and drinking water with toxic chemicals and exposure within the factory was responsible for 1,375 cases of cancer among former employees, including 216 deaths.
“This is the worst case of cancer cluster in the world caused by the high-tech industry,” said Ted Smith, of Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition.
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In the US, 50 “clean room” workers (working in sealed rooms where microchips another electronic parts are made in a dust-free environment) have brought a case claiming that
– IBM and other high-tech companies withheld vital information that workers could have used to protect themselves.
Over 250 worker health lawsuits have been filed against IBM in America alone some 57 relate to birth defects in workers’ children
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Future Impact of ICT on Environmental sustainability indicator in 2020
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ICT Impact on the Environment
Dematerialization (digitization of information)
Reduction of movement and transportation
Making industry and lifestyles more efficient etc.
Consumption of energy Consumption of natural resources Generation of waste
Negative Aspects on Environment Positive Aspects on Environment
Minimization towardsEnvironmentally
Sustainable ICT Sector
Maximization towardsEnvironmentally
Sustainable Society
Should quantify both environmental aspects. Should quantify both environmental aspects.
Environmental loadreduction achieved
by ICT
Environmental load
caused by ICT
Dematerialization (digitization of information)
Reduction of movement and transportation
Making industry and lifestyles more efficient etc.
Consumption of energy Consumption of natural resources Generation of waste
Negative Aspects on Environment Positive Aspects on Environment
Minimization towardsEnvironmentally
Sustainable ICT Sector
Maximization towardsEnvironmentally
Sustainable Society
Should quantify both environmental aspects. Should quantify both environmental aspects.
Environmental loadreduction achieved
by ICT
Environmental load
caused by ICT
Source: ITU (International Telecommunication Union)
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Issue - Consumption of Energy in ICT
o More userso More data-intensive applications, e.g. videoo Increasing demand → operators provide faster access o and increased core capacityo New applications enabled by faster access
Energy Consumption Grows
Future energy consumption -Increase by more than 37%
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Energy Consumption in a Network
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Continue….
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Issue - Generation of Waste
ICTs and its components are directly responsible for production of significant amount of:
Electronic waste
Green House Gases (GHGs)
Generate Carbon dioxide (CO²)
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What is ICT Waste or E-Waste…?
Electrical or Electronic appliance that has reached its end-of-life A US National Safety Council Report predicted that
– 63 million Personal computers will become waste in the US alone in 2004
– By 2006, in the US,130 million mobile phones will be thrown out each year
A 2002 report by The Silicon Valley Toxics Coalition (SVTC), concluded:– ‘trade in e-waste is an export of real harm to the poor communities
of Asia…..
A BBC’s investigation– ‘Recycling poison: e-waste workshops’ exposed– both the human and environmental damage caused by this
practice.
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Challenge
E-Waste full of all kind of material Toxic and Non-toxic
Toxic materials are attached to non toxic materials which are very difficult to separate. Responsible recycling required
E-Waste recycling emits Carbon dioxide (Co2)
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Carbon Footprint of Telecoms (devices & infrastructure)
The amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted during an industrial or domestic process; a measure of how that process contributes toward
global warming.
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Why E- waste is a Problem?
we will have to implement new industrial production systems that generate less waste and fewer disposal components to begin with
Recycling is certainly a worthy practice, and by simply tossing the right matter in the right bin
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E- waste constitute 40% lead and 70 % metals in landfills
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Green House Gases (GHG) Greenhouse gases ,absorb and emit infrared
Total future GHG emissions behave similarly to total future energy consumption
Emissions could increase by 32% under worst-case assumption
The most abundant greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are:
Water vapor Carbon dioxide Methane Nitrous oxide ozone
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Green House Gas (GHS)
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Conclusion
ICTs can be used as a valuable tool to lessen the effect of climate changeglobal warming and assist the Environment in reaching a sustainable
green goal
ITU (and climate change) also Focusing on
Energy consumption and GHG emissions
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Conclusion… OECD strategies and proposed policies linking
ICTs to the environment and climate change
Agreeing on a global long-term visionAdvancing research and analysisMobilizing “Green ICT”Developing indicators and metrics
“ICT is not the solution to any
of them ICT is the peace of the solution to all of them.”