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Transcript of ENGLISH – THAI DICTIONARYlibarts.rmutsv.ac.th/lc/sites/libarts.rmutsv.ac.th.lc... ·...
ACADEMIC WORDLIST
1 – 10
2017
ENGLISH – THAI DICTIONARY
SUBLIST 1
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST
English – Thai Dictionary
VOCABULARY ENGLISH MEANING THAI MEANING
analysis (a) detailed examination of something (a sentence, a chemical compound etc) especially by breaking it up into the parts of which it is made up
การวเคราะห
approach to come near (to) เขาใกล area a place; part (of a town etc) บรเวณ assessment to estimate or judge the quality or
quantity of ประเมน; ประเมนคา; ประเมนราคา
assume to take or accept as true ทกทกเอา authority the power or right to do something อานาจหนาท available able or ready to be used ใชประโยชนได benefit something good to receive,
an advantage ผลประโยชน; ขอไดเปรยบ
concept an idea or theory ความคด consistent (often with with)
in agreement (with) ทสอดคลองกน
constitutional (formal) to form; to make up; to be
กอตง
context the parts directly before or after a word or phrase (written or spoken) which affect its meaning
ขอความแวดลอมทชวยใน
การเขาใจความหมาย
contract to make or become smaller, less, shorter, tighter etc
ยอ; หด
create to cause to exist; to make สราง data or noun singular facts
or information (especially the information given to a computer)
ขอมล
definition an explanation of the exact meaning of a word or phrase
คานยาม
derived to come or develop from กลายมาจาก distribute to divide (something) among
several (people); deal out แจกจาย
economic the system by which a country’s production, trade, and money supply are organized
เศรษฐกจ
English – Thai Dictionary
environment (a set of) surrounding conditions, especially those influencing development or growth
สภาพแวดลอม
established settled or accepted ทไดรบการยอมรบ estimate to judge size, amount, value etc,
especially roughly or without measuring
ประมาณ
evidence information etc that gives reason for believing something; proof (eg in a law case)
ขออางอง
export to send (goods) to another country for sale
สงออก
factor something, eg a fact, which has to be taken into account or which affects the course of events
ตวประกอบ; ปจจยททาใหเกดผลหรอมอทธพล
ตอสงตาง ๆ financial concerning money เกยวกบเรองเงน formula an arrangement of signs or letters
used in chemistry, arithmetic etc to express an idea briefly
สตร
function a special job, use or duty (of a machine, part of the body, person etc)
หนาท
identified to recognize as being a certain person etc
พสจนวาเปนคนเดยวกน
income money received by a person as wages etc
รายได
indicate to point out or show แสดง individual single; separate เดยว; แตละ interpret to translate a speaker’s words,
while he is speaking, into the language of his hearers
แปล
involved complicated ยงยาก issue to give or send out, or
to distribute, especially officially แจกจาย (เสอผา, อาหาร) แกทหาร
labour hard work แรงงาน legal lawful; allowed by the law ถกกฎหมาย legislation the act of legislating การออกกฎหมาย major great, or greater, สาคญมาก
English – Thai Dictionary
in size, importance etc method the way in which one does
something วธ
occur to take place เกดขน percentage an amount, number or rate given
as a fraction of one hundred อตรารอยละ
period any length of time ระยะเวลา policy a planned
or agreed course of action usually based on particular principles
นโยบาย
principle a general truth, rule or law กฎ procedure the order or method of doing
something ขนตอน
process a method or way of manufacturing things
กระบวนการ
require to need ตองการ research a close and careful study to find
out (new) facts or information การวจย
response a reply or reaction คาตอบ; การตอบสนอง role a part played by an actor or
actress in a play etc บทบาท
section a part or division สวนหนง; แบงแยก sector (mathematics) a section of a circle
whose sides are a part of the circumference and two straight lines drawn from the centre to the circumference.
สวนหนงของวงกลม
significant important; having an important effect
ซงมความหมาย
similar (often with to) alike in many (often most) ways
เหมอนกน
source the place, person, circumstance, thing etc from which anything begins or comes
ตนกาเนด
specific giving all the details clearly เฉพาะเจาะจง structure the way in which something is
arranged or organized โครงสราง
theory an idea or explanation which has not yet been proved to be correct
สมมตฐาน
variables that may be varied ซงเปลยนแปลงได
English – Thai Dictionary
English – Thai Dictionary
SUBLIST 2
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST
English – Thai Dictionary
VOCABULARY ENGLISH MEANING THAI MEANING
Achieve to gain or reach successfully สาเรจ acquisition the act of acquiring การไดมา administration management การบรหาร affect to act or have an effect on กระทบ; มผลตอ appropriate suitable; proper เหมาะสม aspects a part of something to be thought
about แงมม
assistance help ความชวยเหลอ categories a class or division of things
(or people) หมวด
chapter a main division of a book บท (ของหนงสอหรองานเขยน)
commission (business) money earned by a person who sells things for someone else
คานายหนา
community a group of people especially having the same religion or nationality and living in the same general area
ชมชน; สงคม
complex composed of many parts ซบซอน computer an electronic machine capable of
storing and processing large amounts of information and of performing calculations
คอมพวเตอร
conclusion an end สวนสดทาย conduct to lead or guide นา consequences a result ผล construction (a way of) constructing or putting
together การกอสราง
consumer (business ) a person who eats, uses, buys things etc
ผบรโภค
credit time allowed for payment of goods etc after they have been received
ระยะเวลาทใหสนเชอ
culture a form or type of civilization of a certain race or nation
วฒนธรรม
design to invent and prepare a plan of (something) before it is built or made
ออกแบบ
English – Thai Dictionary
distinction (the making of) a difference ความแตกตาง elements an essential part of anything องคประกอบสาคญ equation (mathematics) a statement that two
things are equal or the same สมการ
evaluation to form an idea of the worth of ประเมนผล features a mark by which anything is
known; a quality ลกษณะ
final the very last สดทาย focus the point at which rays
of light meet after passing through a lens
จดรวมแสง
impact a strong effect or impression ผลกระทบ injury (an instance of) harm or damage อนตราย institute a society or organization, or
the building it uses สถาบน
investment a sum of money invested เงนลงทน items a separate object, article etc,
especially one of a number named in a list
ของ
journal a magazine or other regularly published paper (eg of a society)
นตยสาร; วารสาร
maintenance the process of keeping something in good condition
การรกษาสภาพ
normal usual; without any special characteristics or circumstances
ปกต
obtained to get; to become the possessor of ไดรบ participate to be one of a group
of people actively doing something มสวนรวม
perceived to be or become aware of (something); to understand; to realize
รบร
positive meaning or saying ’yes’ ซงถกตอง potential possible; that may develop into the
thing mentioned ทอาจเกดขนได
previous earlier in time or order แตกอน primary first or most important ทสาคญทสด purchase to buy ซอ range a selection or variety ความหลากหลาย region a part of a country, the world etc ภมภาค
English – Thai Dictionary
regulation a rule or instruction กฎขอบงคบ relevant connected with or saying
something important about what is being spoken about or discussed
เขาประเดน
resident a person who lives or has his home in a particular place
ผพกอาศย
resources (usually in plural ) something that gives help, support etc when needed; a supply; a means
วธการ; ทรพยากร
restricted limited; narrow, small คบแคบ security the state of being, or making safe,
secure, free from danger etc ความปลอดภย
sought (sometimes with for) to try to find, get or achieve
คนหา
select to choose or pick from among a number
เลอก
site a place where a building, town etc is, was, or is to be, built
สถานทตง
strategies the art of planning a campaign or large military operation
ยทธวธ; กลยทธ
survey to look at, or view, in a general way
สารวจ
text in a book, the written or printed words, as opposed to the illustrations, notes etc
เนอหา
traditional a custom, belief, story etc that is passed on
แบบดงเดม
transfer to remove to another place ยาย
English – Thai Dictionary
SUBLIST 3
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST
English – Thai Dictionary
VOCABULARY ENGLISH MEANING THAI MEANING
alternative offering a choice of a second possibility
สารอง
circumstances a condition (time, place etc) connected with an event
สภาวะแวดลอม
comments (a) spoken or written remark ขอคดเหน compensation payment etc given for loss
or injury การไดรบความเสยหาย
components a part of a machine (eg a car), instrument (eg a radio) etc
สวนประกอบ
consent to give permission or agree (to) ยอมใหทา considerable great คอนขางมาก constant never stopping ทเกดขนตลอดเวลา constraints something that limits your
freedom to do what you would like to do
ขอจากด
contribution the act of contributing การบรจาค convention a way of behaving that
has become usual; (an) established custom
ธรรมเนยมปฏบต
coordinate to adjust (a movement or action) so that it fits in or works smoothly (with other movements or actions)
ทาใหประสานกน
core the innermost part of something, especially fruit
แกน
corporate united ทรวมกน corresponding similar, matching เหมอนกน criteria a standard used or referred to in
judging something เกณฑ; บรรทดฐาน
deduction the act of deducing การอนมาน demonstrate to show clearly แสดงใหเหน document a written statement
giving information, proof, evidence etc
เอกสาร
dominant ruling; most important; strongest ทมอานาจเหนอกวา; ซงเปนสวนสาคญ; เดน
emphasis stress put on certain words การเนน
English – Thai Dictionary
in speaking etc; greater force of voice used in words or parts of words to make them more noticeable
ensure to make sure ทาใหแนใจ excluded to prevent (someone) from
sharing or taking part in something
กนออกไป
framework a hard main structure round which something is built or made
โครงสรางพนฐาน
funds money ready to spend เงนทพรอมใช illustrated having pictures etc มภาพประกอบ immigration the act of entering
a country in order to settle there การอพยพ
implies to suggest or hint without actually stating
บอกเปนนย
initial of, or at, the beginning ชนตน instance an example, especially of
a condition or circumstance กรณ
interact (of two or more people, things etc) to act, or have some effect, on each other
มปฏกรยาตอกน
justification (the act of) justifying or excusing
การแสดงความบรสทธ; การใหเหตผลแกตว
layer a thickness or covering ชน link a ring of a chain ขอลกโซ location position or situation ตาแหนงทตง maximum greatest สงสด minorities a small number; less than half คนกลมนอย negative meaning or saying ‘no’; denying
something เปนการปฏเสธ
outcomes the result ผล partnership the state of being or becoming
partners การเปนหนสวน
philosophy the search for knowledge and truth, especially about the nature of man and his behaviour /behavior and beliefs
การแสวงหาความรและ
ความจรง
English – Thai Dictionary
physical of things that can be seen or felt เกยวกบรปธรรม proportion a part (of a total amount) สวน published to prepare, print and produce for
sale (a book etc) จดพมพ
reaction the act of reacting การตอบสนอง register (a book containing) a
written list, record etc ทะเบยน
rely to depend on or need อาศย remove to take away เอาออกไป scheme a plan or arrangement; a way of
doing something แผนการ; การจดวธการทาอะไรบางอยาง
sequence a series of events etc following one another in a particular order
เหตการณตอเนองกนมา
sex either of the two classes (male and female) into which human beings and animals are divided according to the part they play in producing children or young
เพศ
shift to change (the) position or direction (of)
เคลอนยาย
specify to mention particularly กาหนด sufficient enough ทพอเพยง task a piece of especially hard work;
a duty that must be done งานหนก
technical having, or relating to, a particular science or skill, especially of a mechanical or industrial kind
เกยวกบวชาชาง
techniques the way in which a (usually skilled) process is, or should be, carried out
เทคนค
technology (the study of) science applied to practical, ( especially industrial) purposes
เทคโนโลย
validity the state of being acceptable or reasonable
ความถกตอง
volume the amount of space occupied by something, expressed
ปรมาตร
English – Thai Dictionary
in cubic measurement
SUBLIST 4
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST
English – Thai Dictionary
VOCABULARY ENGLISH MEANING THAI MEANING
access way or right of approach or entry
ทางเขา
adequate sufficient; enough พอเพยง annual happening every year ประจาป apparent easy to see; evident ชดเจน approximated very nearly correct or accurate;
not intended to be absolutely correct
ใกลเคยง; โดยประมาณ
attitudes a way of thinking or acting etc ทศนคต attributed to think of as being written,
made etc ถอวาเปนของ
civil of the state or community เกยวกบรฐหรอชมชน code a (secret) system of words,
letters, or symbols 8รหส
commitment obligation 8ความรบผดชอบ communication (an act, or means, of)
conveying information 8การตดตอสอสาร
concentrate to give all one’s energies, attention etc to one thing
มงไปท
conference a meeting for discussion 8การประชมเพอแลกเปลยน
ความคดเหน contrast to show marked difference from แตกตางจาก cycle to go by bicycle ขจกรยาน debate a discussion or argument,
especially a formal one in front of an audience
การโตวาท
despite in spite of ถงอยางไรกตาม dimensions a measurement in length, breadt
h, or thickness การหามต
domestic of or in the house or home เกยวกบบาน emerged to come out; to come into view ปรากฏ error a mistake ขอผดพลาด ethnic of nations or races of mankind
or their customs, dress, food etc เกยวกบชาตพนธ
goals in football, rugby, hockey etc ประต
English – Thai Dictionary
the act of kicking, hitting etc a ball between the goalposts; the point gained by doing this
granted (even) if; assuming ถา; สมมต hence for this reason เพราะฉะนน hypothesis an
unproved theory or point of view put forward, eg for the sake of argument
สมมตฐาน
implement a tool or instrument อปกรณเครองใช implication an occasion when you seem
to suggest something without saying it directly
ความหมาย
imposed to place (a tax, fine, task etc) on someone or something
กาหนด
integrate to (cause to) mix freely with other groups in society etc
ผสมผสาน
internal of, on or in the inside of something (eg a person’s body)
ภายในรางกาย
investigate to examine or inquire into carefully
สบสวน
job a person’s daily work or employment
การงาน; อาชพ
label a small written note fixed on or near anything to tell its contents, owner etc
ปาย
mechanism a (usually small) piece of machinery
8ชนสวนของเครองจกร
obvious easily seen or understood; evident
ชดเจน
occupational of, or caused by, a person’s job 8ซงเกยวกบอาชพ option choice ทางเลอก output the quantity of goods, amount of
work produced ปรมาณของสงทผลตได
overall a garment worn over ordinary clothes to protect them from dirt
เสอคลมทสวมเพอกน
เปอน parallel (of straight lines) going in the
same direction and always staying the same distance apart
ทขนานกน
parameters a set of facts or พารามเตอร
English – Thai Dictionary
a fixed limit that establishes or limits how something can or must happen or be done
phase a stage in the development of something
ระยะ
predicted to say in advance; to foretell ทานาย principal most important สาคญมากกวาอยางอน prior already arranged for the
same time ทมมากอน
professional of a profession ทมความเชยวชาญ project a plan or scheme แผนงาน promote to raise (to a higher rank
or position) เลอนตาแหนง
regime a (system of) government ระบอบการปกครอง resolution a firm decision (to do
something) การตดสนใจอยางเดดขาด
retained to continue to have, use, remember etc; to keep in one’s possession, memory etc
เกบไว; รกษาไว; สงวนไว; จดจา
series a number of usually similar things done, produced etc one after another
อนกรม; ลาดบ; ชด
statistics information based on a study of the number of times something happens or is present, or other numerical facts
สถต
status the position of a person with regard to his legal rights etc
สถานภาพ
stress the worry experienced by a person in particular circumstances, or the state of anxiety caused by this
ความตงเครยด
subsequent following or coming after ซงตามมา sum the amount or total made by two
or more things or numbers added together
จานวนรวม
summary a shortened form of a statement, story etc giving only the main points
ใจความสรป
English – Thai Dictionary
undertaken to accept (a duty, task, responsibility etc)
รบผดชอบ
SUBLIST 5
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST
English – Thai Dictionary
VOCABULARY ENGLISH MEANING THAI MEANING
academic of or concerning study especially in schools, colleges etc
ดานวชาการ
adjust (often with to) to change so as to make or be better suited
ปรบตว
alter to make or become different; to change
เปลยน
amendment a small change which is made to a law or document
การแกไขเพมเตม
aware knowing; informed; conscious (of) ตระหนกร capacity ability to hold, contain etc ปรมาณสงสดทจะรบได challenge to ask (someone) to take part in
a contest ทาทาย
clause (linguistics ) a part of a sentence having its own subject and predicate, eg either of the two parts of this sentence
อนประโยค
compounds composed of a number of parts 8ทเกดจากสวนประกอบ
ดวยจานวนสองสวนขน
ไป conflict (a) disagreement ความขดแยง consult to seek advice or information from ปรกษา contact physical touch or nearness การสมผส decline (formal ) to say ‘no’ to
(an invitation etc); to refuse ปฏเสธ
discretion discreetness 8ความรอบคอบ draft a rough sketch or outline of
something, especially written 8ฉบบราง
enable to make able by giving means, power or authority (to do something)
ใหอานาจ
energy the ability to act, or the habit of acting, strongly and vigorously
8กาลง
enforcement to cause (a law, a command, one’s own will etc) to be carried out
8ใชกาลงบงคบใหปฏบต
ตาม entities something that exists apart from เอกลกษณ
English – Thai Dictionary
other things, having its own independent existence
equivalent equal in value, power, meaning etc เทากบ evolution gradual working out or development 8ววฒนาการ expansion the act or state of expanding การขยายออก exposure (an) act of exposing or state of
being exposed 8การเปดเผย
external of, for, from, or on, the outside ทใชภายนอก facilitate to make something possible or easier อานวยความสะดวก fundamental of great importance; essential; basic ทเปนพนฐาน generated to cause or produce สรางขน generation one stage in the descent of a family ชวอาย; ชวคน; รนอาย;
รน image a likeness or copy of a person etc
made of wood, stone etc รปปน
liberal generous ใจด licence a (printed) form giving permission to
do something (eg to keep a television set etc, drive a car, sell alcohol etc)
ใบอนญาต
logic (the study and art of) reasoning correctly
ตรรกศาสตร; เหตผล; ระบบการใชเหตผล
marginal small and almost non-existent or unimportant
เลกและไมสาคญ
medical of healing, medicine or doctors ทางการแพทย mental of the mind เกยวกบจตใจ modify to change the form or quality of,
usually slightly เปลยนแปลง
monitoring a senior pupil who helps to see that school rules are kept.
ผดแล
network anything in the form of a net, ie with many lines crossing each other
โครงขายเชอมโยง
notion understanding ความเขาใจ objective a thing aimed at เปาหมาย orientate to get (oneself) used
to unfamiliar surroundings, conditions etc; orient
ปรบ
perspective the way of drawing solid เทคนควาดภาพแบบทม
English – Thai Dictionary
objects, natural scenes etc on a flat surface, so that they appear to have the correct shape, distance from each other etc
สดสวนอยางทมองเหน
precise exact แมนยา prime first or most important ทมาลาดบแรก psychology the study or science of
the human mind จตวทยา
pursue to follow especially in order to catch or capture; to chase
ไลตาม
ratio the amount or proportion of one thing compared to another
อตราสวน
reject to refuse to accept ปฏเสธ revenue money which comes to a person etc
from any source or sources (eg property, shares), especially the money which comes to a government from taxes etc
รายได
stability the quality of being stable เสถยรภาพ style a manner or way of doing
something, eg writing, speaking, painting, building etc
รปแบบ
substitution the act of substituting, or process of being substituted
การแทน; การแทนท
sustainable able to continue without harming the environment
ทไมทางายสงแวดลอม
symbolic regarded as representing or standing for another
ทเปนเครองหมาย
target a marked board or other object aimed at in shooting practice, competitions etc with a rifle, bow and arrow etc
จดมงหมาย
transition (a) change from one place, state, subject etc to another
การเปลยน
trend a general direction or tendency แนวทาง version an account from one point of view 8เรองราว welfare mental and physical health; living
conditions ความมสขภาพด; สวสดภาพ
English – Thai Dictionary
whereas when in fact; but on the other hand ในทางตรงกนขาม
English – Thai Dictionary
SUBLIST 6
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST
English – Thai Dictionary
VOCABULARY ENGLISH MEANING THAI MEANING
abstract (of a noun) referring to something which exists as an idea and which is not physically real
ทเปนนามธรรม
accurate exactly right ถกตอง; แมนยา acknowledged to admit as being fact ยอมรบ aggregate a total ผลรวม allocation the use (for a particular purpose) การแบงสวน assigned to give to someone as his share or duty มอบหมาย attached (with to) fond of ชอบ author the writer of a book, article, play etc ผเขยน bond something that unites or joins people
together ขอผกมด
brief not long; short โดยยอ capable clever especially in practical ways ททาไดด cited to mention something as proof for
a theory or as a reason why something has happened
อางถง
cooperative willing to act or work together ซงทางานรวมกน discriminate (with between) to make or see
a difference between บอกความแตกตาง
ระหวาง display to set out for show นาเสนอ diversity variety ความหลากหลาย domain an old word for the lands
which belong to a person อาณาจกร
edition a number of copies of a book etc printed at a time, or the form in which they are produced
ฉบบพมพ; พมพครงท
enhanced better than before ทเพมขน estate a large piece of land owned by
one person or a group of people etc ทดน
exceed to go beyond; to be greater than เกนกวา expert (with at or on
) skilled through training or practice ซงเชยวชาญ
explicit stated, or stating, fully and clearly ชดเจน federal (of a government or group of states)
joined together ,usually for national and external affairs only
ทตรงกลาง
English – Thai Dictionary
fees the price paid for work done by
a doctor, lawyer fee or for some special service or right
คาธรรมเนยม
flexibility ability to change according to circumstances etc
ความยดหยน
furthermore in addition (to what has been said) นอกจากน gender any of a number of classes into which
nouns and pronouns can be divided (eg masculine, feminine, neuter)
เพศ
ignored to take no notice of; to pay no attention to
ทาเพกเฉย
incentive something that encourages etc แรงจงใจ incident an event or happening เหตการณ incorporated (often abbreviated to Inc., inc.) formed
into a company, corporation etc ซงรวมเขาเปนหนง
เดยวกน index an alphabetical list of names,
subjects etc eg at the end of a book ดชน
inhibited unable to relax and express one’s feelings in an open and natural way
การยบย ง
initiatives a first step or move that leads the way การเรมตน input something, eg an amount of electrical
energy, that is supplied to a machine วตถทปอนเขาไปใน
เครองจกร instructions (in plural ) (a book etc giving)
directions, eg about the use of a machine etc
วธใช
intelligence the quality of being intelligent ความฉลาด interval a time or space between ชวงเวลา lecture a formal talk given to students or other
audiences การบรรยาย
migration travelling from one region to another at certain times of the year
การปวดศรษะขางเดยว
minimum smallest or lowest (possible, obtained, recorded etc)
อยางตา
ministry a department of government or the building where its employees work
กระทรวง
motivation something that makes a person choose to act in a particular way; a reason
แรงบนดาลใจ
neutral not taking sides in a quarrel or war ซงเปนกลาง nevertheless in spite of that แตอยางไรกตาม overseas across the sea; abroad โพนทะเล; ตางประเทศ
English – Thai Dictionary
preceding to go, happen etc before อยขางหนา presumption something presumed การสนนษฐาน rational able to think, reason and judge etc สามารถคดตดสนใจได recovery (an) act or process of recovering การหายเจบปวย revealed to make known เปดเผย scope (often with for) the opportunity
or chance to do, use or develop โอกาส; ความเปนไปได
subsidiary adding to, or making a contribution towards, something larger, more important etc
ทเสรมใหสมบรณ
tapes (a piece of) a narrow strip or band of cloth used for tying etc
สายรด
trace a mark or sign left by something รองรอย transformation the act of transforming or process of
being transformed การเปลยนรป
transport to carry (goods, passengers etc) from one place to another
บรรทก
underline to draw a line under ขดเสนใต utility a useful public service, eg the supply o
f water, gas, electricity etc. สาธารณปโภค
English – Thai Dictionary
SUBLIST 7
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST
English – Thai Dictionary
VOCABULARY ENGLISH MEANING THAI MEANING
adapt to change or alter (so as to fit a different situation etc)
ปรบ; ทาใหกลมกลน; ทาใหเหมาะ
adult fully grown โตเตมท advocate a supporter, a person who is in favour
(of) ผใหการสนบสนน
aid help ความชวยเหลอ channel the bed of a stream or other way
through which liquid can flow รองน า
chemical (the science that deals with) the nature of substances and the ways in which they act on, or combine with, each other
วถทางททาใหเกด
ความสมพนธระหวาง
บคคล
classical (especially of literature, art etc) of ancient greece and rome
ทเปนแบบดงเดม
comprehensive including many things ทครอบคลม comprise (formal) to contain or consist of ประกอบดวย confirmed settled in a habit or way of life ทเกดขนเปนประจา contrary (often with to) opposite (to) or
in disagreement (with) ตรงกนขาม
converted to change from one thing into another เปลยน couple two; a few สอง; ไมมาก decades a period of ten years ทศวรรษ definite clear; fixed or certain ทแนนอน deny to declare not to be true ประกาศวาไมจรง difference what makes one thing unlike another ความแตกตาง disposal the act of getting rid of something กระบวนการกาจดสงของ dynamic concerned with force มพลง eliminate to get rid of; to omit or exclude กาจด empirical based on practical experience
or scientific experiments rather than theory
ซงไดจากประสบการณ
equipment the clothes, machines, tools etc necessary for a particular kind of work, activity etc
อปกรณ
extract to pull out, or draw out, especially by force or with effort
ถอนออก
English – Thai Dictionary
file a line of soldiers etc walking one
behind the other แถว
finite having an end or limit มขอบเขต foundation the act of founding การสถาปนา; การกอตง global affecting the whole world โดยรวม grade one level in a scale of qualities,
sizes etc ระดบ
guarantee a statement by the maker that something will work for a certain period of time
ใบรบประกน
hierarchy (an) arrangement (of usually people in a group, also things etc ) in order of rank, importance etc
การจดระบบตามลาดบขน
identical the same in every detail เหมอนกน ideology a set of beliefs on which a political
or economic system is based คตนยม
inferred to judge (from facts or evidence) ลงความคดเหน innovation (the act of making) a change or a
new arrangement etc นวตกรรม
insert to put or place (something) in แทรก intervention (an) act of intervening (in
a quarrel etc) การแทรกแซง
isolated lonely; standing alone โดดเดยว media all the organizations that supply news
and information to the public, such as newspapers, radio, television, and the internet
สอมวลชน
mode a manner of doing something วธการ paradigm a typical example, model, or pattern of
something แบบอยาง
phenomenon a natural fact or event that is seen or happens regularly or frequently
ปรากฏการณ
priority the right to be or go first การมสทธไดกอน prohibited to forbid หาม publication the act of publishing or
announcing publicly ธรกจการพมพ
quotation a person’s exact words, as repeated by someone else
คาอางอง
release to set free; to allow to leave ปลดปลอย reverse to move backwards or in ถอยกลบ
English – Thai Dictionary
the opposite direction to normal simulation (an act of) simulating การลอกเลยนแบบ solely only โดยลาพง somewhat rather; a little คอนขาง submitted to yield to control or to
a particular kind of treatment by another person
ยอม
successive following one after the other ตอเนองกน survive to remain alive in spite of
(a disaster etc) รอดตาย
thesis a long written essay, report etc, often done for a university degree
วทยานพนธ
topic something spoken or written about; a subject
หวขอ
transmission the act of transmitting การสงผาน ultimately in the end ทายทสด unique being the only one of its kind, or
having no equal ซงเปนหนงเดยว
visible able to be seen ทสามารถมองเหนได voluntary done, given etc by choice, not
by accident or because of being forced (often without pay)
โดยสมครใจ
English – Thai Dictionary
SUBLIST 8
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST
English – Thai Dictionary
VOCABULARY ENGLISH MEANING THAI MEANING
abandon to leave, not intending to return to ทง accompanied to go with (someone or something) ไปเปนเพอน accumulation (usually of things) to gather or be
gathered together in a large quantity สะสม
ambiguous having more than one possible meaning
ทกากวม; คลมเครอ
appendix (plural sometimes appendices /-siːz/) a section, usually containing extra information, added at the end of a book, document etc
ภาคผนวก
appreciation gratefulness ความสานกบญคณ arbitrary not decided by rules or laws but by a
person’s own opinion ตามใจชอบ; โดยไมมกฎเกณฑ
automatic (of a machine etc) working by itself 8อตโนมต bias favouring /favoring of one or other
(side in an argument etc) rather than remaining neutral
ลาเอยง
chart a map of part of the sea แผนททะเล clarity the state of being clear or easy to see
through ความชดเจน
conform to behave, dress etc in the way that most other people do
ทาใหเหมอนหรอคลายกน
commodity (business) an article which is bought or sold
สนคา
complement (linguistics) in a sentence, the words of the predicate, not including the verb
องคประกอบททาให
สมบรณในประโยค contemporary living at, happening at or belonging to
the same period รวมสมย
contradict to say the opposite of; to argue or disagree with
โตแยง
crucial involving a big decision; of the greatest importance
สาคญมาก
currency the money (notes and coins) of a country
เงนตรา
denote (formal) to be the sign of or to mean แสดงถง detected to notice or discover สบหา deviate to turn aside, especially from
a right, normal or standard course เบยงเบน; ออกนอก
English – Thai Dictionary
เสนทาง displace to disarrange or put out of place ทาใหยายท dramatic vivid or striking นาทง eventually finally; at length ในทสด exhibit to show; to display to the public จดแสดง exploit a (daring) deed or action การกระทาทกลาหาญ fluctuate (of an amount, price, size etc)
to change frequently ผนผวน
guidelines (usually in plural) an indication as to how something should be done
แนวทาง
highlighted the best or most memorable event, experience, part of something etc
เหตการณทสาคญ
implicit implied (not explicitly stated); understood indirectly
ไรขอกงขา
induced (formal) to persuade someone to do something, especially something wrong or unwise
ชกนา
inevitably as you might expect อยางหลกเลยงไมได infrastructure the basic structures and systems
needed for a country or an organization to function properly, for example buildings, transport systems, and power supplies
โครงสรางพนฐาน
inspect to look at, or examine, carefully or formally
ตรวจสอบ
intensity the quality of being intense ความรนแรง manipulation to handle especially skillfully ใช minimized to make as little as possible ทาใหเลกลงทสด nuclear using atomic energy เกยวกบพลงงานนวเคลยร offset to balance one influence against
an opposing influence, so that there is no great difference as a result
สาขา
paragraph a part of a piece of writing, marked by beginning the first sentence on a new line and usually leaving a short space at the beginning of the line
ยอหนา
plus used to show addition เพมเขาไป practitioners someone involved in a skilled job แพทย
English – Thai Dictionary
or activity predominant stronger, more numerous,
more noticeable etc ทมอานาจเหนอกวา
prospect an outlook for the future; a view of what one may expect to happen
การคาดการณ
radical relating to the basic nature of something
โดยรากฐาน
random done etc without any particular plan or system; irregular
โดยการสม
reinforced to make stronger ทาใหแขงแกรงขน restore to repair (a building, a painting,
a piece of furniture etc) so that it looks as it used to or ought to
ซอมแซม
revise to correct faults and make improvements in (a book etc)
ตรวจแก
schedule a statement of details, especially of timing of activities, or of things to be done
ตารางเวลา
tension the state of being stretched, or the degree to which something is stretched
ความตง
terminate to bring or come to an end or limit ทาใหสนสด theme the subject of a discussion, essay etc หวขอ thereby as a result of this action ดงนน uniform the same always or everywhere; not
changing or varying ทเปนแบบเดยวกน
vehicle any means of transport on land, especially on wheels, eg a car, bus, bicycle etc
ยานพาหนะ
via by way of โดยทาง virtually more or less, though
not strictly speaking; in effect อยางเเทจรง
widespread spread over a large area or among many people
แพรหลาย; แพรไปทว
visual of sight or the process of seeing เกยวกบการมองเหน
English – Thai Dictionary
SUBLIST 9
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST
English – Thai Dictionary
VOCABULARY ENGLISH MEANING THAI MEANING
accommodation room(s) in a house or hotel in which to live, especially for a short time
ทพก
analogous (formal) similar to another thing or situation
ทคลายกน
anticipated to expect (something) คาดหวง assurance confidence ความเชอมน attained (formal) to gain; to achieve ถง; บรรลเปาหมาย behalf for, or in the interests of ในนามของ bulk the greater part สวนใหญ ceases to stop or (bring to an) end หยด coherent clear and logical ซงสอดคลอง coincide to occupy (often by accident) the
same space or time เกดขนพรอมกน
commenced (formal) to begin ตงตน incompatible (of people) certain to disagree, fight
etc ซงเขากนไมได
concur (formal) to agree; to come together, or coincide
เหนดวย
confined (with to) kept in or shut up in จากด controversy (an) argument between opposing
points of view การโตเถยงอยางรนแรง
converse the opposite; the contrary ความตรงกนขาม device something made for
a purpose, eg a tool or instrument อปกรณ
devoted (sometimes with to) loving and loyal ซอสตย diminished (opposite undiminished) ซงทาใหนอยลง distorted to make or become twisted out
of shape ทาใหผดรป
duration the length of time anything continues ชวงเวลา erosion the process of eroding or being eroded
by wind, water, or other natural agents 8การกดกรอน
ethical of or concerning morals, justice or duty
ทสอดคลองกบศลธรรม
format shape and size, eg that of a book, magazine etc.
รปแบบ
founded to start or establish สถาปนา; กอตง inherent inborn; forming ซงมอยเปนปกตวสย
English – Thai Dictionary
a natural or inseparable part or quality of
insight (the quality of having) an understanding of something
ความเขาใจลกซง
integral necessary to make a whole complete; essential or fundamental
สาคญ
intermediate in the middle; placed between two things, stages etc
ซงอยระหวางกลาง
manual of the hand or hands เกยวกบมอ mature (having the qualities of someone who,
or something that, is) fully grown or developed
เตบโตเตมท
mediation intervention in a dispute in order to resolve it; arbitration
การอยตรงกลาง
medium something by or through which an effect is produced
ตวกลาง
military of soldiers or armed forces generally, or war
ทางทหาร
minimal very small indeed นอยทสด mutual given etc by each of two or more to
the other(s) ซงกนและกน
norms an accepted standard or a way of behaving or doing things that most people agree with
บรรทดฐาน
overlap to extend over and cover a part of ทาใหทบกน passive showing no interest, emotion etc , or
not resisting an attack etc ซงไมมปฏกรยา
portion a part สวนหนง preliminary coming before, and preparing for,
something ขนตน
protocol a set of rules about the correct way to behave on a formal or official occasion
ระเบยบการ
qualitative the extent to which something has features which are good or bad etc, especially features which are good
คณภาพ
refine to make (a substance eg sugar) pure by taking out dirt, waste substances etc
ทาใหบรสทธ
relaxed calm and not anxious ผอนคลาย restraints a rule, principle, or fact that limits ขอจากด
English – Thai Dictionary
what people can do revolution (the act of making)
a successful, violent attempt to change or remove agovernment etc
การปฏวต
rigid completely stiff; not able to be bent (easily)
แขง
route a way of getting somewhere; a road เสนทาง scenario a description of possible actions or
events in the future สถานการณ
sphere a solid object with a surface on which all points are an equal distance from the centre, like eg most types of ball
รปทรงกลม
subordinate lower in rank, power, importance etc อยใตบงคบบญชา supplementary added to supply what is
lacking; additional ซงชวยเสรม
suspended to keep from falling or sinking ลอย team a group of people forming a side in
a game กลมคนทางานหรอเลน
กฬาในกลมเดยวกน temporary lasting, acting, used etc for a
(short) time only ชวคราว
trigger a small lever on a gun, which is pulled to make the gun fire
ไกปน
unified to combine into a single whole ทาใหเปนหนวยเดยวกน violate (formal) to do something against
a law or an agreement ฝาฝน
vision something seen in the imagination or in a dream
จนตนาการ
English – Thai Dictionary
SUBLIST 10
THE ACADEMIC WORD LIST
English – Thai Dictionary
VOCABULARY ENGLISH MEANING THAI MEANING
adjacent (often with to) lying next (to) ตดกน albeit (formal) although ถงแมวา assembly a collection of people (usually for
a particular purpose) กลมคน
collapse to fall down and break into pieces พงทลาย colleagues a person with whom one is associated
in a profession or occupation เพอนรวมงาน
compiled to make (a book, table etc ) from information collected from other books etc
รวบรวม
conceived (formal ) to form (an idea etc) in the mind
คด
convinced to persuade (a person) that something is true
โนมนาว
depression a state of sadness and low spirits ความหดห encountered to meet especially unexpectedly การประสบโดยบงเอญ enormous very large ทใหญมหมา forthcoming happening or appearing soon ซงกาลงจะมาถง inclination a tendency or slight desire to do
something ความโนมเอยง
integrity honesty ความซอสตย intrinsic being
an extremely important and basic characteristic of a person or thing
แทจรง
invoked to appeal to (some power, eg God, the law) for help etc
วงวอน (เทพเจา)
levy to raise or collect (especially an army or a tax)
เกบภาษ
likewise in the same or a similar manner ในทานองเดยวกน nonetheless nevertheless; in spite of this ถงอยางไรกตาม notwithstanding in spite of อยางไรกตาม odd unusual; strange แปลก ongoing continuing ไมหยดย ง panel a group of people chosen for
a particular purpose eg to judge a contest, take part in a quiz or other game
คณะทตงขนเพอ
ปฏบตการใด ๆ
persistent to keep doing, thinking etc in spite of opposition or difficulty;
ยนกราน
English – Thai Dictionary
to continue asking, persuading etc posed a position or attitude of the body ทาทาง reluctant unwilling ไมเตมใจ so-called wrongly described or named in such a
way ทเรยกไมถก
straightforward without difficulties or complications; simple
งาย ๆ
undergo to experience or endure ประสบ whereby by which โดยทาง
English – Thai Dictionary