Endocrine System Diseases and Disorders. Gigantism hyper GH before 25 extreme skeletal size.
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Transcript of Endocrine System Diseases and Disorders. Gigantism hyper GH before 25 extreme skeletal size.
![Page 1: Endocrine System Diseases and Disorders. Gigantism hyper GH before 25 extreme skeletal size.](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062322/5697bf9d1a28abf838c939a8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Endocrine System Diseases and Disorders
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Gigantism
hyper GH before 25 extreme skeletal size
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Acromegaly
hyper GH during adulthood gradual enlargement or
elongation of facial bones and extremities
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Pituitary Dwarfism
•Hypo GH before 25
•aka proportional dwarfism
•Usually normal mental & sexual functions
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Cushing syndrome hyper glucocorticoids like cortisol fat deposits on upper back; striated pad of fat on chest and
abdomen; “moon” face may be caused by tumor of Ant. Pit (increased ACTH) different form may be caused by hyper aldosterone (low K)
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Hyperthyroidism
hyper thyroid hormone nervous, tremor,
weight loss, excessive hunger; fatigue; irritability
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Graves disease
hyper thyroid hormone inherited or possibly
autoimmune weight loss,
nervousness, increased heart rate, esophthalmos goiter
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Hypothyroidism hypo thyroid hormone sluggish, weight gain;
slowing of body function
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Cretinism
hypo thyroid hormone during early development
aka deformed dwarfism
retarded mental development; facial puffiness; lack of muscle coordination
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Goiter
lack of iodine in diet enlargement of thyroid
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Winter depression hyper melatonin Usually in winter when
days are shorter (sunlight inhibits melatonin)
Aka Seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
sadness resulting from exaggerated melatonin effects
expose to high-intensity light
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Diabetes insipidus
hypo or insensitivity to ADH
decrease in kidney’s retention of water
excessive urination excessive thirst
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Diabetes Mellitus
•“pass through honey”
•Insulin allows glucose to transfer into cell
•Hypo insulin OR target cell insensitivity to insulin
•Hyperglycemia glycosuria polyuria polydipsia
•Hyperglycemia no glucose for energy polyphagia & use of protein & fat ketoacidosis
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Type I diabetes hypo insulin due to
destruction of B cells in pancreas
Inherited sudden childhood onset polydipsia, polyuria,
weight loss, fatigue Daily insulin injections Aka insulin dependent
daibetes mellitus (IDDM)
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Type II diabetes insensitivity to insulin or
decreased production slow adulthood onset; genetic and environmental
factors polydispia, polyuria,
overeating, fatigue Non-insulin dependent
(NIDDM) Lifestyle change or oral
hypoglycemic agents