Eletronic Travel Aids for Sfa
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Transcript of Eletronic Travel Aids for Sfa
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ELETRONIC TRAVEL AIDs
ETAs
PAST AND PRESENT
TAER April 2004Vance Lankford
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Purpose To review history of ETAs, types, uses,
good and bad points. You could get this info. Red book, web
sites, emails, But most MVS Bob Bryant
got the award-Bob used these words to
describe himself/ professional, energetic,
integrity, intelligence, list goes on and on
but this year I had to use these same words
just to talk him into giving information andto borrow his ETAs.
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Who is this man?
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Statistics
Bureau of Census 1994-95
Estimates vary-approximately 10 million
blind and VI in US (AFB) Legally Blind 1.3 million
Please dont make medefine legally blind again
Special ed served 93,60010,800 Deaf/BlindVisually Impaired
260,000 LP
130,000 Totally Blind
55,200 legally blindchildren
109,000 VI use long canes
Just over 7,000 Americansuse dog guides (1500
graduate annually)
ETA use not presented instudy
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General Travel aides have two components: senor and
display
Senor: How it is mounted Display: How device presents spatial information
to the traveler. Hearing or touch
ETA emit energy waves to detect the environmentwithin certain range or distance to present detectedinformation to the traveler in an intelligible anduseful manner
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General Continued
Quoting Nora Griffin-Shirley and some other guys
ETAs devices that transform information aboutthe environment that would normally be relayedthrough vision into a form that can be conveyedthrough another sensory modality. Ok until last
part. Can you explain?
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Opinions
1. Russell- simply displayPurpose: path clear/unclear
Or Go-no-go system 2. Kay- ETAs tomaximum amounts ofinformation,
Good travelers capable
w/o ETA Bad travelercant use them
In Past ETA mostlysecondary aids
Ultra Sonic Torch 1965Professor Kay First
Commercial Device First
Device
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Sonic Torch
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Type I Devices
Single output for objectpreview
Go-no-go systems
Russell
Pathsounder
1966
One of first commerciallyproduced
Vibratory 6 feet/ auditorybeeping 32 inches
Chest level,neck,wheelchairs
Paved the way for futuredevelopments
No Longer Available
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Mo aat Mowat What?
Name: Geoff Mowat 1972
Ultrasonic cone
Approximately size of ahuman body Cone, notmowat
Range 13.2 feet
3.3 feet switch Dependable, paved way,
still used
Vibrates related todistance from object
Knee to overhead protection
Cold, rain, heavy snowmay cause false readings
Pulse Date repair if locateparts X
No Longer Available
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Polaron
1980s
Nurion Industries
Handheld/chest mounted
Ultrasonic and sonar
4, 8, 16 feet
Vibrotactile or audible
3 hours use
Pilot Light, mini radarItaly seemed similar
Mirror like surfaces at
close distances A redesigned Polaron
should again be
available by July 2004
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Sensory 6
Ultrasonic
Head mountedspectacle
Headphones provide
sound info.
Range 6.56 feet to11.48 feet, metrics
Closer object higherpitch
Objects in front both
ears, side objects hearwith the ear on that
side.
8 hours
Cosmetic, reducedregular feedback,
head position
important 1994 last production
No Longer Available
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WalkMate
Later 1993
Waist or handheld
Audio or vibration U shaped beam rather
than cone shaped
6 feet tall by 2.31 wide
Recommendedoutdoors
The beam may vary six foot range
Beep speed increasesat 3 feet.
No Longer Available
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First Attempts at Mini-Guide not so
successful
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Miniguide
Tactile version morepopular, slightly larger
Audio also, original
Higher pitch of tone thecloser
Earphone socket provided
Many settings, ranges
Battery should last formany months
Auto mode, butremembers modes
Have attached to cap orglasses for upper use
Number of accessories forinstructors Feb.17, 2004
received Feb.16 almost
1000 sold
Reflection, secondary aid
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Hand Guide
Compact
Fits well in hand
2 modes detectsobjects sense of
distance
Audio mode
Vibration mode
2 AA batteries
Pocket/belt clip
Wrist strap/Durable
Infrared sensors detect4 feet
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Type III Sonic Guide
Provide Object previewand in additionenvironmental information
Dr Kay Name again Sonic guide more like
giving text rather than justhead lines like type Idevices
Distance Information
Directional appreciation
Interpretation of tonalcharacteristics making
primitive objectidentification possiblelots of practice Howmany used SonicGuide?
Above head to knee 45Degree Cone
No Longer Available
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Sonic Guide
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Type IV Sonic Pathfinder
Object Preview andartificial intelligence
Computer controlled
Wide beam sonic energy
Head mounted Sonicenergy translated into
musical notes
Sides one tone, in frontother tones or ear
Tone does affect hearing
Less training, Computersimplifies meaning of
sounds what we are about
Secondary travel aide
Displays only informationwhich of practical interest
not visual picture of world
Tone changes each footnearer an object
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Sonic Pathfinder
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vOICe The Voice Software translates arbitrary video
images from a regular PC Camera into Sounds: AScene Reader
Every visual shape gives a unique sound
Building, trees, even color identification Like a talking camera
Scan left to right/ pitch means elevation rising orfalling visual pattern
Loudness means brightness
O/m help build better mental picture ofenvironment
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Canes
Canes or other devices
that are Primary Aids
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Guide Cane
Robotic Dog Guide
Ultrasonic sensors
detect objects,computer determinessuitable direction andsteers the Guide Caneand user around it
Guides with noconscious effort
Project ended in 1998
No further work since
No Longer Available
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Guide Cane
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Guide Cane
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Misc.
Wheelchair Mobility Device
Columbia Talking Compass- A compass that
talks Included in information sheet
Braille Compasses-
Rover Light senor- light reflected off of
sidewalk tell where edge, grass began
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What happened to Type II
Multiple Outputs for object preview
Still clear path
Use of lasers/ go no go system
Wheelchair Pathfinder
Laser Cane
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Wheelchair Pathfinder
Nurion Industries
Works with Chair orScooter
Head protection 8 to 4feet beeping
Tone 1 foot side
protection
Avoid or locate objects,straight line travel
Back up safety
Some models signal dropoffs low pitch
4 feet from drop
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Wheelchair Pathfinder Unit
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Wheel Chair Pathfinder
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Laser Cane N-2000
It has a long history ofdevelopment
Newest 3 beams Atone point used two
Head, straight, drops
Estimate distancesahead and side
Two AA batteries
Single hand operated
Power off still used as aregular cane
Audible tones, can turn offsound vibrating
stimulators under index
finger
Government study-mostused ETA Laser cane web
site. Primary travel tool
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N-2000
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BAT K Sonar Torch-Cane
History Part
1950s Dr. Leslie Kay
Training British NavySound waves submerged
objects
First thoughts Underwaterswimming for blind
Then for handheld SonicTorch
Studied Bats, along withDr. Griffin
Torch primary aid
KASPA (Kays AdvancedSpatial Perception Aid)
Sonic Guide mentionedcompatible with cane
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Cane vs. Torch
1966 Conference Training for Torch
Unfortunately, initiative concoincided with
emergence of long white cane fromAmerica *Torch primary aid/Cane Cheaper
Always follow the money
1969 Torch ceased production/commercial O/m could have been torch trainers,
Torch too large for cane mounting at time
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Trisensor
1978 well used in Japan
Sonic guide was manufactured into 1990s
Demise was purely commercial matter
Cost, training, agency support
The miniaturized low-cost Sonar Torch nowbecomes the K Sonar Cane Torch is handle
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Trisenor
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Sonar Cane
Standard Long Cane
Clipped with Sonar torch
Mimic Bats sonar
Sonar echoes heard inheadphones, recognizes textures
KASPA lets brain discriminatebetween different objects
All day battery, Narrow beam
Long arm grip with cane/ BlashLa Grow research oked griplike that
Type III, like Sonic Guide
10 Times greater informationthan other devices.
20 feet range 2M/5M rang
Must learn new language ofsound
Claims cane tip and shaft justsafety backstop for torch
Turns on with head phone jackinsertion
83 page manual 18 detailedlessons
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Bat K Cane Handle
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Drop-offs
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Torches
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Ultra Cane Previous Batcane Inspired by Bats
navigation at night
Ultrasonic signal
bouncing Covers front/head
height of user
Tactile feedbackallows users to
develop a mental map
of area without effort
Tactile no beeping
Company feels this is a
big plus/ No sounds to
interfere with travel
Available July 2004
At Wal-Martseverywhere X
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Ultra Cane
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Conclusion
How often do we use ETAs with our students?Do we have students that could Benefit from anETA..
No certification required at this time. Cost and addresses on hand out. Get address
handout here.
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Who is this?