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Transcript of Electronics- Inductive Output Transducersdenethor.wlu.ca/pc300/lectures/outbeam.pdf · Output...
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
ElectronicsInductive Output Transducers
Terry Sturtevant
Wilfrid Laurier University
June 9, 2014
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Output transducers
also called “actuators”basically of two typesresistiveinductiveinductive loads require a few special considerations
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Output transducers
also called “actuators”
basically of two typesresistiveinductiveinductive loads require a few special considerations
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Output transducers
also called “actuators”basically of two types
resistiveinductiveinductive loads require a few special considerations
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Output transducers
also called “actuators”basically of two typesresistive
inductiveinductive loads require a few special considerations
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Output transducers
also called “actuators”basically of two typesresistiveinductive
inductive loads require a few special considerations
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Output transducers
also called “actuators”basically of two typesresistiveinductiveinductive loads require a few special considerations
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoid
consists of a coil and plungercan be of either “push” or “pull” type“pull” type are much more common
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoid
consists of a coil and plunger
can be of either “push” or “pull” type“pull” type are much more common
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoid
consists of a coil and plungercan be of either “push” or “pull” type
“pull” type are much more common
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoid
consists of a coil and plungercan be of either “push” or “pull” type“pull” type are much more common
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoid
consists of a coil and plungercan be of either “push” or “pull” type“pull” type are much more common
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoid
plunger in
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoid
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoid
plunger out
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Induced EMF
Quickly changing voltage across inductor produces inducedEMFinduced voltage tries to counteract change in currentcan produce big voltage spikesA diode across a coil will limit voltages to ≈ 0.7V .A zener diode can limit voltages the other way to about thezener voltage.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Induced EMF
Quickly changing voltage across inductor produces inducedEMF
induced voltage tries to counteract change in currentcan produce big voltage spikesA diode across a coil will limit voltages to ≈ 0.7V .A zener diode can limit voltages the other way to about thezener voltage.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Induced EMF
Quickly changing voltage across inductor produces inducedEMFinduced voltage tries to counteract change in current
can produce big voltage spikesA diode across a coil will limit voltages to ≈ 0.7V .A zener diode can limit voltages the other way to about thezener voltage.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Induced EMF
Quickly changing voltage across inductor produces inducedEMFinduced voltage tries to counteract change in currentcan produce big voltage spikes
A diode across a coil will limit voltages to ≈ 0.7V .A zener diode can limit voltages the other way to about thezener voltage.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Induced EMF
Quickly changing voltage across inductor produces inducedEMFinduced voltage tries to counteract change in currentcan produce big voltage spikesA diode across a coil will limit voltages to ≈ 0.7V .
A zener diode can limit voltages the other way to about thezener voltage.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Induced EMF
Quickly changing voltage across inductor produces inducedEMFinduced voltage tries to counteract change in currentcan produce big voltage spikesA diode across a coil will limit voltages to ≈ 0.7V .A zener diode can limit voltages the other way to about thezener voltage.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
No diode to reduce induced EMF
I ≡ 0
Initially I = 0.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
No diode to reduce induced EMF
I = 0
+
-
Induced voltage tries to maintain I = 0.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
No diode to reduce induced EMF
I ?
Eventually current is established determined by resistance in circuit.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
No diode to reduce induced EMF
I ?
-
+
Induced voltage tries to maintain I at the previous value.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
No diode to reduce induced EMF
I = 0
Eventually current is reduced to I = 0.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Diode to reduce induced EMF
I ≡ 0
Initially I = 0.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Diode to reduce induced EMF
I = 0
+
-
Induced voltage tries to maintain I = 0, but cannot exceed VZ .
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Diode to reduce induced EMF
I ?
Eventually current is established determined by resistance in circuit.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Diode to reduce induced EMF
I ?
-
+
Induced voltage tries to maintain I but cannot exceed ≈ 0.7V .
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Diode to reduce induced EMF
I = 0
Eventually current is reduced to I = 0.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Current requirements
A solenoid requires more current to move plunger than to holdit.Maintaining current larger than necessary wastes power andproduces heat.Several options exist for adjusting current between moving theplunger and holding it.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Current requirements
A solenoid requires more current to move plunger than to holdit.
Maintaining current larger than necessary wastes power andproduces heat.Several options exist for adjusting current between moving theplunger and holding it.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Current requirements
A solenoid requires more current to move plunger than to holdit.Maintaining current larger than necessary wastes power andproduces heat.
Several options exist for adjusting current between moving theplunger and holding it.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Current requirements
A solenoid requires more current to move plunger than to holdit.Maintaining current larger than necessary wastes power andproduces heat.Several options exist for adjusting current between moving theplunger and holding it.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Series resistor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Series resistor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Series resistor
pick
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Series resistor
pick
hold
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Series resistor
hold
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Multiple supplies
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Multiple supplies
Vh
Vp
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Multiple supplies
pick
Vh
Vp
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Multiple supplies
hold
pick
Vh
Vp
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Multiple supplies
holdVh
Vp
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Multiple supplies
hold
pick
Vh
Vp
Vp > Vh
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Pulse width modulation to limit current
pick
holdclock
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoids in action: Relays
A relay is a device for switching, which is based on a solenoid.The solenoid is used to open and close a switch.An internal spring returns the solenoid to its original position.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoids in action: Relays
A relay is a device for switching, which is based on a solenoid.
The solenoid is used to open and close a switch.An internal spring returns the solenoid to its original position.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoids in action: Relays
A relay is a device for switching, which is based on a solenoid.The solenoid is used to open and close a switch.
An internal spring returns the solenoid to its original position.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Solenoids in action: Relays
A relay is a device for switching, which is based on a solenoid.The solenoid is used to open and close a switch.An internal spring returns the solenoid to its original position.
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Relay OFF
NO
commonNC
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motorSolenoid
Relay ON
NO
commonNC
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor types
Four main types of DC motorsPermanent MagnetBrushlessStepperServo
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor types
Four main types of DC motors
Permanent MagnetBrushlessStepperServo
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor types
Four main types of DC motorsPermanent Magnet
BrushlessStepperServo
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor types
Four main types of DC motorsPermanent MagnetBrushless
StepperServo
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor types
Four main types of DC motorsPermanent MagnetBrushlessStepper
Servo
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor types
Four main types of DC motorsPermanent MagnetBrushlessStepperServo
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor
PMDC (Permanent Magnet DC)uses permanent fixed magnetsarmature on shaft has electromagnetcommutator on shaft reverses current direction every halfrotationspeed controlled by currentcontinuous motion
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor
PMDC (Permanent Magnet DC)
uses permanent fixed magnetsarmature on shaft has electromagnetcommutator on shaft reverses current direction every halfrotationspeed controlled by currentcontinuous motion
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor
PMDC (Permanent Magnet DC)uses permanent fixed magnets
armature on shaft has electromagnetcommutator on shaft reverses current direction every halfrotationspeed controlled by currentcontinuous motion
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor
PMDC (Permanent Magnet DC)uses permanent fixed magnetsarmature on shaft has electromagnet
commutator on shaft reverses current direction every halfrotationspeed controlled by currentcontinuous motion
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor
PMDC (Permanent Magnet DC)uses permanent fixed magnetsarmature on shaft has electromagnetcommutator on shaft reverses current direction every halfrotation
speed controlled by currentcontinuous motion
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor
PMDC (Permanent Magnet DC)uses permanent fixed magnetsarmature on shaft has electromagnetcommutator on shaft reverses current direction every halfrotationspeed controlled by current
continuous motion
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
DC motor
PMDC (Permanent Magnet DC)uses permanent fixed magnetsarmature on shaft has electromagnetcommutator on shaft reverses current direction every halfrotationspeed controlled by currentcontinuous motion
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Permanent magnet DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Permanent magnet DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Permanent magnet DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Permanent magnet DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Permanent magnet DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Permanent magnet DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has permanent magnetscontinuous motioncapable of holding one positionneed to sense positioncan use a hall effect sensor or sense induced voltage in unusedcoils
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
uses fixed electromagnets
armature on shaft has permanent magnetscontinuous motioncapable of holding one positionneed to sense positioncan use a hall effect sensor or sense induced voltage in unusedcoils
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has permanent magnets
continuous motioncapable of holding one positionneed to sense positioncan use a hall effect sensor or sense induced voltage in unusedcoils
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has permanent magnetscontinuous motion
capable of holding one positionneed to sense positioncan use a hall effect sensor or sense induced voltage in unusedcoils
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has permanent magnetscontinuous motioncapable of holding one position
need to sense positioncan use a hall effect sensor or sense induced voltage in unusedcoils
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has permanent magnetscontinuous motioncapable of holding one positionneed to sense position
can use a hall effect sensor or sense induced voltage in unusedcoils
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has permanent magnetscontinuous motioncapable of holding one positionneed to sense positioncan use a hall effect sensor or sense induced voltage in unusedcoils
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Brushless DC motor
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Stepper motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has soft iron corei.e. no permanent magnetssimilar operation to brushless motorsdiscrete stepsdrive electronics controls speed and directionhalf-stepping is possiblecan hold in position
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Stepper motor
uses fixed electromagnets
armature on shaft has soft iron corei.e. no permanent magnetssimilar operation to brushless motorsdiscrete stepsdrive electronics controls speed and directionhalf-stepping is possiblecan hold in position
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Stepper motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has soft iron core
i.e. no permanent magnetssimilar operation to brushless motorsdiscrete stepsdrive electronics controls speed and directionhalf-stepping is possiblecan hold in position
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Stepper motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has soft iron corei.e. no permanent magnets
similar operation to brushless motorsdiscrete stepsdrive electronics controls speed and directionhalf-stepping is possiblecan hold in position
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Stepper motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has soft iron corei.e. no permanent magnetssimilar operation to brushless motors
discrete stepsdrive electronics controls speed and directionhalf-stepping is possiblecan hold in position
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Stepper motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has soft iron corei.e. no permanent magnetssimilar operation to brushless motorsdiscrete steps
drive electronics controls speed and directionhalf-stepping is possiblecan hold in position
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Stepper motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has soft iron corei.e. no permanent magnetssimilar operation to brushless motorsdiscrete stepsdrive electronics controls speed and direction
half-stepping is possiblecan hold in position
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Stepper motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has soft iron corei.e. no permanent magnetssimilar operation to brushless motorsdiscrete stepsdrive electronics controls speed and directionhalf-stepping is possible
can hold in position
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Stepper motor
uses fixed electromagnetsarmature on shaft has soft iron corei.e. no permanent magnetssimilar operation to brushless motorsdiscrete stepsdrive electronics controls speed and directionhalf-stepping is possiblecan hold in position
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Single stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Single stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Single stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Single stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Single stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Single stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Half stepping
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedbackinternal electronicsuses a digital pulse to controldefault width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)longer pulse makes motor rotate in one directionshorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other directionpulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)often limited to less than 360 degree traveldigital input does not have induced EMF problemsinternal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedback
internal electronicsuses a digital pulse to controldefault width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)longer pulse makes motor rotate in one directionshorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other directionpulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)often limited to less than 360 degree traveldigital input does not have induced EMF problemsinternal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedbackinternal electronics
uses a digital pulse to controldefault width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)longer pulse makes motor rotate in one directionshorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other directionpulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)often limited to less than 360 degree traveldigital input does not have induced EMF problemsinternal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedbackinternal electronicsuses a digital pulse to control
default width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)longer pulse makes motor rotate in one directionshorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other directionpulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)often limited to less than 360 degree traveldigital input does not have induced EMF problemsinternal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedbackinternal electronicsuses a digital pulse to controldefault width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)
longer pulse makes motor rotate in one directionshorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other directionpulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)often limited to less than 360 degree traveldigital input does not have induced EMF problemsinternal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedbackinternal electronicsuses a digital pulse to controldefault width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)longer pulse makes motor rotate in one direction
shorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other directionpulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)often limited to less than 360 degree traveldigital input does not have induced EMF problemsinternal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedbackinternal electronicsuses a digital pulse to controldefault width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)longer pulse makes motor rotate in one directionshorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other direction
pulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)often limited to less than 360 degree traveldigital input does not have induced EMF problemsinternal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedbackinternal electronicsuses a digital pulse to controldefault width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)longer pulse makes motor rotate in one directionshorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other directionpulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)
often limited to less than 360 degree traveldigital input does not have induced EMF problemsinternal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedbackinternal electronicsuses a digital pulse to controldefault width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)longer pulse makes motor rotate in one directionshorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other directionpulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)often limited to less than 360 degree travel
digital input does not have induced EMF problemsinternal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedbackinternal electronicsuses a digital pulse to controldefault width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)longer pulse makes motor rotate in one directionshorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other directionpulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)often limited to less than 360 degree traveldigital input does not have induced EMF problems
internal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Servo motor
PMDC motor with position sensing and feedbackinternal electronicsuses a digital pulse to controldefault width keeps motor stationary (e.g. 1.5 ms)longer pulse makes motor rotate in one directionshorter pulse makes motor rotate in the other directionpulse must be repeated periodically (e.g. every 20 ms)often limited to less than 360 degree traveldigital input does not have induced EMF problemsinternal electronics handles that
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Induced EMFs and motors
Same problem as with solenoidscan produce big voltage spikesDiodes across the coils can be used the same way
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Induced EMFs and motors
Same problem as with solenoids
can produce big voltage spikesDiodes across the coils can be used the same way
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Induced EMFs and motors
Same problem as with solenoidscan produce big voltage spikes
Diodes across the coils can be used the same way
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Permanent Magnet DC Motor (PMDC)Brushless DC motorsStepper motorsServo motors
Induced EMFs and motors
Same problem as with solenoidscan produce big voltage spikesDiodes across the coils can be used the same way
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
dpdt switchbipolar supplyH bridge
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
dpdt switch
bipolar supplyH bridge
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
dpdt switchbipolar supply
H bridge
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
dpdt switchbipolar supplyH bridge
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
DPDT switch
V+
V−
common (to RL)
common (to RL)
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
DPDT switch
V+
V−
common (to RL)
common (to RL)
6
6
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
DPDT switch
V+
V−
common (to RL)
common (to RL)
?
?
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Bipolar supply
V+
V−
RL
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Bipolar supply
V+
V−
RL
-
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
Bipolar supply
V+
V−
RL
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Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
H bridge
V+
V−
RL1
2
3
4
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers
Output TransducersDC motors
Methods to reverse current to PM DC motor
H bridge
V+
V−
RL1
2
3
4-
Terry Sturtevant Electronics Inductive Output Transducers