Electronic Circuits LaboratoryEE462G

Lab Background, Procedures, andOverview

History of Electronics

Vacuum TubesDeveloped by Lee DeForest (1906)Used in amplifiers and switching devicesLed to spread of radio broadcasting 1920’s, Television 1930’s, electronic computers 1940’s

Educational Linkshttp://www.paia.com/~paia/tubworks.htm

History of Electronics

Solid-State Transistors Developed by William Shockley, John Bardeen, Walter

Brattian (Bell Labs) (1947) Similar applications as vacuum tube except it requires less

power, has a lower manufacturing cost, performs more robustly, and could be miniaturized.

Educational Links

http://www.williamson-labs.com/480_xtor.htm

http://www.milbert.com/tstxt.htm

http://www.pbs.org/transistor/

N-TypeSilicon

N-TypeSilicon

P-TypeSilicon

History of Electronics

Integrated Circuits (ICs) Developed by Jack Kilby (TI), and by Noyce and

Moore (Fairchild Semiconductor) (1958). Multiple transistors, resistors, and capacitors,

fabricated on a single wafer (chip) and could be made very small.

Educational Linkshttp://www.uoguelph.ca/~antoon/circ/circuits.htmhttp://members.tripod.com/michaelgellis/tutorial.htmlhttp://bftgu.solarbotics.net/starting_elect_ic.htmlhttp://invention.smithsonian.org/centerpieces/quartz/technology/integrated.html

Electronic Components Studied

Diodespn junctionZener

TransistorsField Effect Transistors – (FETs)Bipolar Junction Transistors – (BJTs)

http://www.interq.or.jp/japan/se-inoue/e_diode.htm

The first transistorhttp://www.mtmi.vu.lt/pfk/funkc_dariniai/transistor/

Nonlinear Device Characterization

To measure nonlinear device characteristics, voltage/current amplitudes are swept over input terminals while measuring current/voltage across output terminals (analogous to sweeping frequencies in linear RLC circuits while measuring amplitude and phase changes between input and output – What is this characterization called?).

Curve tracers systematically sweep voltage amplitudes over two terminals of a device while measuring the resulting current. The current-voltage relationships is referred to as the transfer characteristic (TC) curve of the device.

Why is the TC NOT a good model for linear devices? What would the TC curve or an ideal resistor look like?

http://www.tek.com/site/ps/0,,41-12482-INTRO_EN,00.html

Instrumentation - Oscilloscope

Tektronix’sOscilloscopesTDS3012B

Key operating concepts•Vertical scale adjustments•Horizontal scale adjustments•Trigger adjustments•Earth ground connections

http://www.tek.com/Measurement/cgi-bin/framed.pl?Document=/Measurement/Products/catalog/cdm250/&FrameSet=other

Instrumentation - Multimeter

Tektronix’sMultimeterCDM250

Key operating concepts•Connections for voltage, current, and resistance measurements•Selection of scale for measurement•Ground connections

http://www.tek.com/site/ps/0,,40-10199-INTRO_EN,00.html

Instrumentation – Power Supplies

Tektronix’sPS280 DC Power Supply:

Key operating concepts:•Setting and limiting DC voltages and currents•Connecting chassis and earth grounds

http://www.tek.com/site/ps/0,,76-12019-INTRO_EN,00.html

Instrumentation – Function Generator

Tektronix’sFunction GeneratorAFG310

Key operating Concepts•Selecting waveforms•Selecting waveform parameters•Grounding issues

Instrumentation – Curve Tracer

Tektronix’s Curve Tracer370B

Key Operating Concepts•Voltage sweep pattern selection•Horizontal and vertical scale adjustment•Step changes for third terminal voltage or current•Device socket plug

http://www.tek.com/site/ps/0,,76-10757-INTRO_EN,00.html

Laboratory Component SuppliesParts can be purchased from the IEEE parts store (http://ieee.uky.edu/) located in Room 560 PFAT

Individual components:

Breadboard - 1

Wire kit bag - 1

Laboratory Component Supplies

Resistors:10 ohm (3)100 (3)510 (3)1K (3)2.2K (3)5.1K (3)10K (3)22K (3)100K (3)

180K (3)220K (3)470 (1)1K (1)1.2K (1)1.6K (1)2K (1)3.3K (1)11K (1)1Meg (1)

Capacitors:0.022µF (3)2.2µF (3)10µF (3)47µF (3)100µF (3)

Laboratory Component Supplies

Diodes:

Diode- IN4001 (4)

Zener diode- IN964A (1)

BJT:

NPN, PN2222 (2)

MOSFETs:

n-channel MOSFET- ZVN3306-ND (4)

p-channel MOSFET- ZVP3306-ND (2)

Special Assignment 1Download and read through tutorial on oscilloscopes (~50 Pages), “The XYZs of Oscilloscopes”

http://www.tek.com/Measurement/App_Notes/XYZs/03W_8605_2.pdf

1. Print out pages 51 through 55.2. Put your name on the first page and complete the written exercises.3. Use the answer key to determine number of wrong responses, put that number on the

front page next to your name and circle it.4. On a separate sheet of paper, briefly describe (10 to 15 sentences) how an analog

oscilloscope displays a periodic waveform. Assume the trigger is set to the same channel as the periodic waveform being displayed. Be sure to clearly describe the relationship between the trigger, oscillating signal, and CRT sweep rate. The reader should have a good idea why a periodic waveform appears stationary on the oscilloscope. You can sketch diagrams if that helps your explanation.

Attach all pages together and hand in at the beginning of the next lecture period. The assignment grade will depend on completing 1 through 3 and the quality of the explanation in 4.