Electric Energy Systems Curriculum...1 ONR-NSF-EPRI-AEP Workshop Corvallis, OR July 21-25, 2009...
Transcript of Electric Energy Systems Curriculum...1 ONR-NSF-EPRI-AEP Workshop Corvallis, OR July 21-25, 2009...
1ONR-NSF-EPRI-AEP WorkshopCorvallis, OR July 21-25, 2009
Electric Energy Systems Curriculum
With Emphasis on- Renewables- Smart Delivery- Efficient End-Use
ALASKA ENERGY AUTH.SO LDO TNA-4 0/+70 Mvar11 5kV
ALASKA ENERGY AUTH .DAVES CREEK-1 0/+25 Mvar11 5kV
WAPA
WAPAFARGO -45/+22 Mvar1 4kV
MAINE EL. POW ERCHESTER
-140/+425 M va r3 45kV
N IAGARA MOHAWK
LEEDS -3 00 /+27 0 Mvar3 45kV
JERSEY CENTRALATLANTIC CITY -1 30/+2 60 Mva r230kV
CONECT IV
CARDIFF -100 /+15 0 Mvar2 30kV
CONECTIVIND IAN RIVER -10 0/+20 0 Mvar2 30kV
CONECTIVNELSON -10 0/+15 0 Mvar
1 38kV
AM . EL. POW ERBEAVER CREEK -125 /+12 5 Mvar138kV
V IRGIN IA POWER COLINGTON -30 /+78 Mvar1 15kV
VELCO Essex STATCOM
Georgia Powe rNorth Dublin
KANSAS GAS & EL. G ORDON EVANS 0 /+30 0 Mvar1 38kV
KANSAS GAS & EL . MURRAY G ILL 2 5/+2 00 Mva r1 38kV
LANL
LOS ALAMOS -5 0/+10 0 Mvar11 5kV
LADW P
Adelanto
BO NNEV ILLE POWER MAPLE VALLEY -300/+300 M var23 0kV
SDG&ETalega STATCOM
BO NNEV ILLE POWER KEELER -300/+300 M var
23 0kV
AEP West
Eagle Pass STATCOMBack-to-B ack2 x + /-36 MVA
Aust in EnergyHolly STATCOM+/-95 MVAr
PG&EPotr ero-100 /+2 40230 kV
NYSEGF raser-300 /+32 5 (U pgrade)3 45kV
PG&E N ewa rk-100/+24 0 Mvar2 30kV
NSPFORBES -110 /+15 0 M var (C ont.)-615 /+46 0 M VAr (10 Sec.) 5 00kV
LADWPMarke tplac e
Tri-S tate G&TClapham Re trof it
Northeast U tilitiesGlenbrookST ATCOM
XCELLake Yank ton
ROLE OF FACTS Role of FACTS – SVC & STATCOM
Solar
F lywheels for S torageFuel Cells
Role of Power E lectronics
Hybrid
Hybrid
W ind
CFL
ALASKA ENERGY AUTH.SO LDO TNA-4 0/+70 Mvar11 5kV
ALASKA ENERGY AUTH .DAVES CREEK-1 0/+25 Mvar11 5kV
WAPA
WAPAFARGO -45/+22 Mvar1 4kV
MAINE EL. POW ERCHESTER
-140/+425 M va r3 45kV
N IAGARA MOHAWK
LEEDS -3 00 /+27 0 Mvar3 45kV
JERSEY CENTRALATLANTIC CITY -1 30/+2 60 Mva r230kV
CONECT IV
CARDIFF -100 /+15 0 Mvar2 30kV
CONECTIVIND IAN RIVER -10 0/+20 0 Mvar2 30kV
CONECTIVNELSON -10 0/+15 0 Mvar
1 38kV
AM . EL. POW ERBEAVER CREEK -125 /+12 5 Mvar138kV
V IRGIN IA POWER COLINGTON -30 /+78 Mvar1 15kV
VELCO Essex STATCOM
Georgia Powe rNorth Dublin
KANSAS GAS & EL. G ORDON EVANS 0 /+30 0 Mvar1 38kV
KANSAS GAS & EL . MURRAY G ILL 2 5/+2 00 Mva r1 38kV
LANL
LOS ALAMOS -5 0/+10 0 Mvar11 5kV
LADW P
Adelanto
BO NNEV ILLE POWER MAPLE VALLEY -300/+300 M var23 0kV
SDG&ETalega STATCOM
BO NNEV ILLE POWER KEELER -300/+300 M var
23 0kV
AEP West
Eagle Pass STATCOMBack-to-B ack2 x + /-36 MVA
Aust in EnergyHolly STATCOM+/-95 MVAr
PG&EPotr ero-100 /+2 40230 kV
NYSEGF raser-300 /+32 5 (U pgrade)3 45kV
PG&E N ewa rk-100/+24 0 Mvar2 30kV
NSPFORBES -110 /+15 0 M var (C ont.)-615 /+46 0 M VAr (10 Sec.) 5 00kV
LADWPMarke tplac e
Tri-S tate G&TClapham Re trof it
Northeast U tilitiesGlenbrookST ATCOM
XCELLake Yank ton
ROLE OF FACTS Role of FACTS – SVC & STATCOM
Solar
F lywheels for S torageFuel Cells
Role of Power E lectronics
Hybrid
Hybrid
W ind
CFL
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Group Effort:� Ned Mohan
� Bill Robbins
� Bruce Wollenberg
� Paul Imbertson
� Tom Posbergh
� Dr. Narain G. Hingorani (Project Consultant)
� Students
www.ece.umn.edu/groups/power
3
Past Sponsors:
Lab Development Grants:• NSF CCLI-EMD• NASA• ONR
Initial Dissemination Grant: NSF CCLI-ND
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Present ONR Dissemination Grant:Program Officer: Terry Ericsen
(1.23 Million Dollars over 5 years)
Supported by:
• NSF
• EPRI
• AEP
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Outline:
� Problem
� Approach and Results
� Available Resources
� Dissemination Goals
� Brief Description of the Courses
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Workforce Crisis:� Serious shortfalls predicted
� NSF-Sponsored Workshop in Arlington, Virginia Nov, 2008
BPA Workforce:�2,944 employees
�Median age is 50
�21% eligible to retire by 12/07
�42% eligible to retire by 12/11
Data Source: HRMIS as of 2/9/06
BPA Employee Age (as of 3/9/06)
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
22
23
24
25
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61
62
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>67
Age
Number of Employees
Source: HRM IS Date Accessed : 3/23/06
Source: Clark Gellings, EPRI
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Crisis in Undergraduate Education in Power Engineering
� Courses have not kept pace with Industrial Practices
ALASKA ENERGY AUTH.SOLDOTNA-40/+70 Mvar115kV
ALASKA ENERGY AUTH.DAVES CREEK-10/+25 Mvar115kV
WAPA
WAPAFARGO -45/+22 Mvar14kV
MAINE EL. POWERCHESTER -140/+425 Mvar345kV
NIAGARA MOHAWKLEEDS -300/+270 Mvar345kV
JERSEY CENTRALATLANTIC CITY -130/+260 Mvar230kV
CONECTIVCARDIFF -100/+150 Mvar230kV
CONECTIVINDIAN RIVER -100/+200 Mvar230kV
CONECTIVNELSON -100/+150 Mvar138kV
AM. EL. POWERBEAVER CREEK -125/+125 Mvar138kV
VIRGINIA POWER COLINGTON -30/+78 Mvar115kV
VELCO Essex STATCOM
Georgia PowerNorth Dublin
KANSAS GAS & EL. GORDON EVANS 0/+300 Mvar138kV
KANSAS GAS & EL. MURRAY GILL 25/+200 Mvar138kV
LANL LOS ALAMOS -50/+100 Mvar115kV
LADWPAdelanto
BONNEVILLE POWER MAPLE VALLEY -300/+300 Mvar230kV
SDG&ETalega STATCOM
BONNEVILLE POWER KEELER -300/+300 Mvar230kV
AEP WestEagle Pass STATCOMBack-to-Back2 x +/-36 MVA
Austin EnergyHolly STATCOM+/-95 MVAr
PG&EPotrero-100/+240230 kV
NYSEGFraser-300/+325 (Upgrade)345kV
PG&E Newark-100/+240 Mvar230kV
NSPFORBES -110/+150 Mvar (Cont.)-615/+460 MVAr (10 Sec.) 500kV
LADWPMarketplace
Tri-State G&TClapham Retrofit
Northeast UtilitiesGlenbrookSTATCOM
XCELLake Yankton
Role of FACTS – SVC & STATCOM
3100MW
1920MW
200MW
200MW
200MW
200MW
200MW
210MW
150MW
200MW
600MW
1000MW500MW
1000MW
36MW
312MW
370MW
320MW
100MW
200MW
350MW
330MW
1620MW
2000MW
2000MW
690MW
2250MW
2138MW
3100MW
1920MW
200MW
200MW
200MW
200MW
200MW
210MW
150MW
200MW
600MW
1000MW500MW
1000MW
36MW
312MW
370MW
320MW
100MW
200MW
350MW
330MW
1620MW
2000MW
2000MW
690MW
2250MW
2138MW
HVDC Projects in North America
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We can all agree….
� Goal: Increase Quality and Quantity
� Faculty Resources are Limited
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Is there a Faculty Hiring Freeze at your University?
1. Yes
2. No
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“ The new wind projects account for about 30% of the entire new power-producing capacity added nationally in 2007 ….”
Solar is today where wind was 5-8 years ago.
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Young People are Concerned about the Environment - We can tap into their
enthusiasm to make a difference and provide them a career path.
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Wind Generation: Example of an Integrated System
0 69010 60
VHz
−−
34.5kV
161kV
Power ElectronicsConverters
V
Time0
60Hz
Zero-VoltageRide-Through
Generator
690V
BULKPowerSystem
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Complementary Courses:
- Analog/Digital Control
- DSPs, FPGAs- Programming Languages
- Heat Transfer- Thermo
Our Integrated Curriculum –Only 3 Courses
Core Courses
Power Electronics
Electric Drives
Power Systems
Core Courses
Power Electronics
Electric Drives
Power Systems
Students are Broadly Trained; They can work in any field of EE.
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Increasing Student Enrollments –
2008-2009 Enrollments :Power Systems: 90Power Electronics: 118Electric Drives: 124
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Resources:
Power Electronics:
Electric Drives:
Power Systems:
SoftwareLab:MATLAB/SimulinkPowerWorldPSCAD-EMTDC
PSpice Lab:
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2008 Annual WorkshopNapa, CA Feb 7-9, 2008
2010 Annual WorkshopTucson, AZ Feb 4-6, 2010
2009 Annual WorkshopNapa, CA Feb 13-15, 2009
(Nearly 150 participants; 35 ECE Dept Heads)
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Weeklong Summer Training Workshops: (sponsored by ONR-NSF-EPRI-AEP)
• Oregon State University
• July 4-6, 2010
• In collaboration with Prof. Ted Brekken of OSU
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Goal of ONR/NSF Grants Supported by EPRI & AEP:
Affect Curricular Change in at least 175 Schools Nationwide
– Adapted so far in various combinations at > 100 schools
Parallel International Effort
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Next Step: Online Course Modules
• Certificates for Practicing Engineers
• Use in Courses at other Universities (ABET: 432)
• Graduate Courses and Certificates
Center for Innovation – Electric Energy Systems
(CI-EESE)
• Midwest ISO
• New York ISO
• ISO - New England
• Air Force Research Lab
• Hamilton Sundstrand
• Ulteig Engineers
• UMCEE Members
Benefit to Members: Courses are free to all their employees
Membership Fee: 10,000 $/year
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Characteristics of Online Courses:
� Modular
� Tightly-Coupled to our Textbooks
� CEUs/PDH
� Low Cost: $70/Module
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Pedagogy-
� Motivation:
� Students are actively engaged
� Procedure:
� Pre-class: watch a 20-minute module and answer a brief online quiz
� During-class: discuss and solve real-world, design-oriented, somewhat open-ended problems in small groups
� Post-class: homework problems on individual basis
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Course in Power Electronics
Converter
Controller
Source Load
Power ElectronicsInterface
Converter
Controller
Source Load
Power ElectronicsInterface
To Enables Power Exchange between:
DC DC
DC AC
AC Variable Frequency AC
⇔
⇔
⇔
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Example:
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conv1 conv2
controller
utility Load
conv1 conv2
controller
utility Load
A Common Topology: Voltage-Link Converters
Switching Power-Pole: Building-block of converters- Synthesis by Pulse-Width Modulation- Bidirectional Power Flow
Av
inV+
-
+
-
Ai
1or0Aq =
A sd T
dAi
upT
sT
Aq
Av
0
0t
t
1
inV
Av
Av
inV+
-
+
-
Ai
1or0Aq =
A sd T
dAi
upT
sT
Aq
Av
0
0t
t
1
inV
Av
25
−
+ov
*
FB ok V
PWM-IC
cv dControllerPulse Width
Modulation
Power Stageand Load
FBk
∑−
+ov
*
FB ok V
PWM-IC
cv dControllerPulse Width
Modulation
Power Stageand Load
FBk
∑
Feedback Controller Design assisted by PSpice:
q
inV
Li
Buck Boost
(1 )q q− = − 1: d
Li
inV
(a) (c)(b)
Li
q
1q =
q
inV
Li
Buck Boost
(1 )q q− = − 1: d
Li
inV
(a) (c)(b)
Li
q
1q =
Average Representation of the Switching Power-Pole:
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+
-
ai
ac motor
a
b
c
dV n
( )b
+
-
dV vo
io
dc motor
a
b
+
−ea+
−
( )a
+
-
ai
ac motor
a
b
c
dV n
( )b
+
-
dV vo
io
dc motor
a
b
+
−ea+
−
( )a
Converters for DC and AC Motor Drives:
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Topics Covered in this Course:� Switch-Mode Converters
�Buck, Boost, Buck-Boost
�Flyback, Forward, Full-Bridge
�DC and AC Motor Drives
�Power-Factor-Correction Circuits
� Feedback Control
� Thyristor Converters
Textbook:
- Presentation Slides
- Solutions Manual
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Course on
Electric DrivesTeaching Machines as a subcomponent of Drive Systems
Power Processing Unit (PPU)fixed
form
measured speed/ position
speed /position
Motor
Electric Drive
Load
input command (speed / position)
Power
Signal
adjustable form
Electric Source(utility)
Sensors
Controller
- Harnessing of Wind Energy
- Electric and Hybrid-Electric Vehicles
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Course Objectives:� Analyze� Control � System Design (not machine design)
Two Common Principles:
emf Bi= ℓ
(a) (b)add
�����subtract
�����
external fieldB
emf
add
�����subtract
�����
external fieldB
emf
resultant
emf
resultant
emf
(c)
i
ℓ
emf
B
i
ℓ
emf
B
e B u= ℓqf +
u
(into paper)B
qf +
u
(into paper)B
(b)(a)
qf −
qf +
u
(into paper)B
−
+
ℓ
qf −
qf +
u
(into paper)B
−
+
ℓ
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Use of Space Vectors:
(a) (b)
axisc −
axisa −
axisb −
N
S
bi
ai
ci
mθ
( )m tθ
( )rB t���
axisa −
Similar to use of Phasors:
(a) (b)
( )i t
ˆV V 0= ∠
L
R
C
I
Lj L j Xω =
R
C
1j j X
Cω
− = −
ˆv( t ) V cos( t )ω=
+
−
( )i t
ˆV V 0= ∠
L
R
C
I
Lj L j Xω =
R
C
1j j X
Cω
− = −
ˆv( t ) V cos( t )ω=
+
−
Im
Z
cjX−
R
LjX
Re0
Im
Z
cjX−
R
LjX
Re0
(c)
Im ag inary
Real
Positiveang les
I I φ= ∠ −
V V 0= ∠
φ−
Im ag inary
Real
Positiveang lesPositiveang les
I I φ= ∠ −
V V 0= ∠
φ−
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(a) (b)
rB���
mθ
axisa −
si��
N
S
ˆsI
magnetic axis of
equivalent
winding
axisc −
axisa −
axisb −
N
S
bi
ai
ci
mθ
rB���
o90
'a
a
si��
at t
o90
�.
. .
ˆ ˆ( ) cos cos2
sem r s
cond lengthflux density at
no of cond in d
NdT r B I d
ξξ
ξ ξ ξ ξ= ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ℓ�����
�������
/ 2 / 2
2
/ 2 / 2
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ2 ( ) 2 cos ( )2 2
s sem em r s r s
N NT dT r B I d r B I
ξ π π
ξ π π
ξ ξ ξ π=
=− −
= × = ⋅ =∫ ∫ℓ ℓ
Physics-based Analysis:
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Topics:� Designing for the Mechanical Load
� DC Motor Drives
� Permanent Magnet AC Drives
� Induction Motor Drives: Steady State and V/f Control
� Stepper and Switched-Reluctance Drives
� Feedback Control
� Power Quality Considerations
Textbook:
- Presentation Slides
- Solutions Manual
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First Course on
Power Systems
13.8 kVTransmission line
Generator
Load
Feeder
Step up Transformer
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� Balanced Coverage of Topics
� Changing Landscape and Resources
� Apparatus in Generation & Delivery of Power
� Analysis and Operation
� Fault Protection
Textbook:
- Presentation Slides
- Solutions Manual
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36
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