Education & Development - SANREM CRSP · 24 course credits and 6 project/thesis credits. Courses...
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Transcript of Education & Development - SANREM CRSP · 24 course credits and 6 project/thesis credits. Courses...
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Education & DevelopmentAlice N. Pell, Cornell University
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University education for development at local and
university levels
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Education for the Future
• In 25 years, will > 90% of people in Southern Sudan be involved in agriculture?– What skills will be needed by agriculturalists?– What skills are needed for transition to other
sectors?• Innovative teaching methods• Cooperation between adult, 1ary, 2ary & 3ary
education
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People (income, education, health, etc.)
Pasture
Trees
Animals
Crops
Manure
Crop Residues
Soil
Fuel
Complex DynamicSystems Require Integrative Skills
RemittancesOff-farm
employment
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Students as Trees
• Learning trees with disciplinary depth (trunk) & academic breadth (branches)
• Practitioners and researchers• Scientific excellence
• Cross-cultural education and research
• Research/education to address persistent and important issues
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Education, the Environment and Development in
Ethiopia
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MPS Program in Bahir Dar• Cornell MPS program
entirely in Ethiopia funded by the World Bank– MPS for development
practitioners (19 students in group 1 and ~20 in group 2)
– Integrated watershed management (interdisciplinary): hydrology, soil science, education, economics etc.
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Problems in the Lake Tana Basin• Erosion
• Poverty
• Water Quality
• Low Crop Yields/Soil infertility/Variable rainfall
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Food Security
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Cornell-Ethiopia Master’s ProgramBahir Dar, Ethiopia
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Cornell /Bahir Dar Courses• Watershed design,
measurement & planning
• Watershed modeling• Technical writing• Geographic
information systems & remote sensing
• Management of soil and waterborne pathogens
• Livestock in highland farming systems
• Methods in community watershed management
• Nutrient cycling in natural & managed ecosystems
• Economic analysis of agricultural livelihood systems
• Seminar/ Proposal prep.
24 course credits and 6 project/thesis credits
Courses complete by July, 2008Field work complete by December
Projects complete by April-May 2009Graduation July 4, 2009
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Bahir Dar Research Projects
• Hydrogeological investigation for effective use of groundwater in areas surrounding Lake Tana
• Gully formation• Environmental challenges and socioeconomical
and institutional issues at Lake Hayq, South Wollo, Ethiopia
• Impact of land use and land cover changes on soil erosion
• Rural water supply and sanitation: Community-managed supply and sustainability assessment
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Bahir Dar Program Future• Transition from Cornell to Bahir Dar
program after cohort 2 or 3• Network of African universities working on
water issues (Ethiopia, Sudan, Kenya, Tanzania)
• Involvement of Ithaca-based Cornell graduate students (3 this summer)
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Field Education
CRS-Cornell-African University Program on Smallholder Market Engagement
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IMPROVED NUTRITION
ECONOMIC GROWTH
Increased Human Capital(health, education, longevity, productivity)
Cognitive &Physical
Development
PovertyReduction
Improved food systems, markets and health systems
Martorell, 1996
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Connecting Farmers to Local Markets
Training in business, leadership and organization, marketing and agricultural production to permit
smallholders to participate in formal markets
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Anna Herforth
Are Traditional Leafy Vegetables (TLVs) nutritious and profitable?
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Cornell Class & Trip• 3-credit course to develop
materials for smallholder farmers to increase market access (21 Cornell graduate students)
• 4 MPS students worked with Catholic Relief Services farmers’ groups and NGOs to improve skills for market access
Original plan included U. of Nairobi students
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Cornell IARD 694 Students & Faculty
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70 training sessions in 2 locations in W. Kenya4 extensive revisions of materials
Modules on group management, business skills, natural resource management & innovations
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What’s Next?
• Complete evaluating and refining materials for publication as book– To be distributed globally by CRS
• Parallel projects with CRS, local universities and Cornell in Senegal, Ethiopia & Guatemala
• Many thanks to Al Kaneb ‘60 whose generous gift made this project possible
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Sustainable, Gravity Powered, Municipal Scale Drinking Water Treatment for Surface
Waters
Monroe Weber-ShirkSenior LecturerCivil and Environmental Engineering
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What problem are we trying to solve?
• Surface water source used for drinking water
• Preexisting water distribution system• Inadequate water treatment• Small communities
(1000 to 50,000 people)– 27% of Hondurans
live in these communities– $20 per person per year
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What does AguaClara provide?
• Robust sustainable technology through research (bench scale, pilot scale, full scale, and computational fluid dynamics)
• Reactor designs • Capacity building• Open Source Engineering• Web-based design tool
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Támara
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Poor Soils, Poor Kenyans
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Research to identify root causes of problem and prospective solutions:•Marginal returns to fertilizer application low on degraded soils and poorest farmers are on the most degraded soils • Need integrated (organic + inorganic) soil fertility management to address; role for organic matter, crop-livestock integration, etc.
Cost of 1kg nitrogen
Value of maize from 1 kg of
nitrogen
Above red line: fertilizer profitable
Below red line: fertilizer unprofitable
Kenyan rural poverty line
Soil Poverty Traps
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30Thank you for your time, comments and support!