DOCUMENT MORE

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AUTHOR Sguire,...lemes L., Jr.; Smith, Susan E.TITLE- Anglers' Guide to the United States Pacific.Coast:

-Marine Fish,, Fishing Grounds 6 Facilities.INSTITUTION National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

(DOC), Rockville, Md. National Marine FisheriesService.

PUB DATE Nov 77 ,

NOTE 142p.; ContainS Occasional small print and shadedcharts and maps which may not reproduce well 7.

AVAILABLE F Superintendent cf Documents, U.S. Governikent Printing'Office, Washington, L.C. 20402 (Stock Nuater003-0'20-00113-1; $7.50)

EDRS PRICE MF-$0.83 HC -$1.35 Pius Postage.DESCRIPTORS Biological Sciences; Charts; *Fisheries; *Maps;

*Marine Biology; Natural Resources; *Oceanology;*Recreation; *Recreational Facilities; EesourceGuides

IDENTIFIERS *Pacific Ocean; United States.

ABSTRACTThe purpose of this'guide is to provide a general

source of information cn treas of the Pacific coast that are morefrequently fished and the species of fish that are' commonly taken.The guide covers the marine and estuarine haters along the\coasts. ofCalifornia, Oregon, Washington, Alaska, Hawaii, American Samoa,' and,Guam. 'It is arranged in five sections according tc similarities intheir fisheries. Each secticncontaire a series of coastline- fishingcharts that outline offshore, bay, and shoreline-fisting grounds and ,

give locations ,of marine spat fishing facilities such as sportfishing boats, boat launching sites,'fislting piers, skiff rentals,and jetty fishing sites. Included in the guilde.are forty charts of°fishing areas and glossary of 237 of the most common marine game .

fishes. (Author/BB)

*****************************44***************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made

from the original document. ********?***************************************************************

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U S DEPARTMENT OF HEALTHEDUCATION & WELFARENATIONAL INSTITUTE OF

EDUCATION

THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRO-DUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVEU FROMTHE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION OR1C.IN-A*INC, ,T POINTS OF IEV. OR OPINIONSSTATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPREsEro'orFcat. NA I,ONAL INSTITUTE OFEDUCATION POSITION OR POL'CY

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Anglers' GutTO THE UNITED STATES PACIFIC COAST

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U.S. DEPARTMENT / NATIONAL OCEANIC AND / National Marine

OF COMMERCE / ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION / Fisheries Service

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UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE

Juatiita M. Keeps, Secretary.

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NA ION AL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION

Rich d A, Frank, Administrntpr )

'NATION MARINE FISHERIES ERVICE

Robert W. choning.Directbr

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SEATTLE, WANOvember. 1977

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43,

, Anglers Guide. -to the

United. States Pacific Coast

MARINE FISH, FISHING GROUNDS & FACILITIES

JAMES L. SQU

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R. AND SUSAN E. SMITHt 6

CALIF() OREGUN WASHINGTON ALASKA ilAWAll.AMEETCAN SANA, 0AGUAM'ii

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The National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) does not approve, rec-ommend or endorse any proprietary prodat or proprietary materialmentioned in this publication. No reference shall be, made to NMFS, or

.to this publication fujnished by NMFS,,in any advertising or sales pro-motion which would indicate or imply that NMFS approves, recommendsor endorses' any proprietary product or proprietary material mentionedherein, or which kas as its purpose an intent to cause directly or indirectlythe advertised product to be qsed or purchased because of this NMFSpublication.

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Contents

Introduction.

-Southern California,

IINorthern California'

Oregon & Washington,

IVAlaskaI Pacific Islands 85 .

Marine Game Fishes 101

`Marine 'Game Fishes of the U:S.West Coast 102,

Marine Game Fished of the. Pacific Islands 118

Glossary of Terms

Index,to Common Narrfes of F,ishces

.-Acknowledgments

References

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Introduction

While there are millions of individual fish in the ocean and bays, the ob-vious problem facing the marine sport angler is how and where and whento catch them. Anglers who have a local knowledge" of the seasons andlocations of good fishing areas usually are the more successful ones, butmost realize that pinpointing the. exact location, season, and time forratching a certain species of fish is impossible. This' is due to seasonalvariation in the geogranphical distributiin and quantity of stocks of fishavailable, which. 'in turn, is a result A changes in the total marine en-vironment (temperature. salinity, food, etc.), and the biologica4 success ofeach specie4 in the competition for survival. Even so. certain speciesusually are taken in generally well defined fishing areas:;some may betaken only during a certain seasonal period while others may be presentthroughout the year.

The purpose of this Guide is to provide a'general source of infor.mationon those areas that are more frequently fished and the species of fish thatare commonly taken.

The geographical scope of this Guide covers the Marine and estuarinewaters along the coasts of California. Oregon. Washington. Alaska. Hawaii.American Samoa. and Guam. These have been arranged in five sectionsaccording to similarities in their fisheries (Figure 1):

Section ISouthern CaliforniaSection IINorthern CaliforniaSection .IIIOregon and WashingtonSection IVAlaskaSection V-- Pacific Islands

4,ich .of the five sections contaliTh a series of coastline fishing chartsthat outline offshore. bay. and shoreline fishing grotinds and give locationsof marine sport fishing facilities (all are subject to change from year toyear sui.h as snort fishing boats (party.or charter). boat launchuig sites.fishing piers, skiff rentals. and jetty fishing sites. These facilities arede Mated by numbers on the chart which correspond to a table on theoppo. Also accompanying ,each chart is a general description ofthe chart area, and notes tha upplement the chart information concerningsome of the common game fishes nd,thetr availability ti? the angler.

U is important to realize tha marine game fishing is the only segment

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of the U.S. fisheries that has grown rapidly during the past 15 years. In1960 the first national marine angling survey was made. It reported anestimated 1.4 million marine anglers along the west coast from the Mexicanborder to Alaska catching over 79 million fish. By 1965 the number ofmarine anglers had grown. to almost 2 million (1.977,100) and the catch toover 87 million fish. The 1970 survey showed over 2 million (2.205,000) westcoast marine anglers who caught over 61 million fish. Thus, during the pastdecade. the number of west coast anglers has increased 640/0; howevbr, thenumber of fish caught, as reflected in the 1970 survey has not kept pacewith the increased angling pressure. This increase in angling pressure is tobe found throughout the central and eastern Pacific, with a 34°/o increasein southern California. which has 400,0 of all marine angling along the westcoast. A 470/o increase was found from central California northward intoAlaska. an area which accounts for 60°/o of all west coast fishing.

Effective long-range planning for marine game -fish sconservationprograms wind associated research activities must be based on a thoroughknowledge of the scope and magnitude of the recreational fisheryresources: seasonal distribution of fish; the operating sport fishery and itsfishing locations; the location. type. and number of fishing facilities

-available; and inforrnation on the values that anglers attach to the variousfacets of the sport. The task' of obtaining such knowledge is a formidableone. We hope that this Guide, in bringing together many fragments oinformation into a single source book, will prove useful to agencies involvedin this task. and at the same time provide the public with a convenientmeans of utilizing the existing recreational fishing facilities and learningmore about the available opportunities for marine game fishing.

'FYN'S OF FISHING

Pacific marine game fishing is centered near. the coastal populationcenters. An abundance of desirable game fish is usually available alotigIallcoasts in the ocean, bays, and brackish-water areas, depending on theplace and season of the year. Over 300 speCies are commonly taken bymarine anglers who fish the west coast and Pacific Islands; in addition,they incidentally catch many other species.

The sport angler has five types of "fishing---pier fishing. rock or jettyfishing.-surf or- bank fishing, private boat fishing, and sport boat (party orcharter boat) fishing. The type of. marine environment fished usually dic-tates what species are most likely to be caught. The marine angler musttake this into consideration by use of suitable equipment and careful ,

. .selection of bait or lure to achieve the greatest chance for success.A diversity of fishing gear is used by the Pacific angler, with con-

ventional hook and lihe being the most common method of fishing in allareas. In addition. "A"-frame beach seines are used for smelt; poke-polesfor fishing blenny eels, cabezon, and octopus in rocky areas; and traps forfish, crab, and shrimp. Nets for sandy-shore and reef species are commonlyused in the tropical Pacific. Bare hands are used for grunion in southernCalifornia.

Other catching methods for marine life are hunting and spearing offish by divers, "picking" abalones along the shore at low tide, andgathering of rock scallops, abalones, lobsters, crabs. and sea urchins by

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divers. There is also fishing for rock and Dungeness crabs with hogp nets,and digging clams along the shore and' in bays: Fishing for shellfish andother invertebrateS, however, is not considered in any detail in thisAnglers' Guide, whrch focuses mainly on true fishes.

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CHOOSING A FISHING AREA

If you are unfamiliar with an area, there Elie a few basic criteria thatshould be used in selecting a place to try your luck. Knowledge ofhydrographic conditions (tidal flow, bottom types, and depths) is mostimportant whether you are fishing in the open ocean, nershore, surf zone,.tidal inlets, bays, or in the intertidal portion of a river. On the open ocean,sea state, is another impoi"tont factor in fishing. Many pelagic species thatfrequent the surface are usually found at greater depths when the surfaceis rough. Weather- is a particularly important factor, especially in the..ocean. WQre weather is more favorable for offshore fishing, we usuallyfind a greater number of offshore anglers.

. In fishing offshore for salmon, albacore, yellowfin ifin tunas,dolphinfish, swordfish, and marlin, water color and temperature are im-portant factors. Changes in these factors are good indicator's of changes inwater mass, and it is in the vicinity of these changes that concentrations ofthe larger predators are often found. Along edges of changes in watertemperature and color sometimes can be found higher concentrations offorage animalsplankton and small fish. These smaller animals attract thelarger predator fish, making an area with -a temperature or colordiscontinuity a favorable place to explore. Location?; near schools of foragefish often have good fishing potential. These frequently are found by ob-serving seabirds swooping down on forage fish driven to the surface bylarger predator fish. Sometimes yellowfin tuna and marlin are fogndaround schools of porpoise, and trolling nearby may be prqductive. Tidalrips in bays and estuaries are other likely spots for fish. Movement of thedifferent water masses is evidenced usually by surflice rips and many times.by color changes.

Along shOre, water depth frequently can be determined by color, thedarker blue color indicating a deeper area. These deep *lots or holes, dropoffs, and open Channels are all good spots for surf or shore anglers toinvestigate. In fishing the surf, wave action is most impOrtant in evaluatinga good fishing spot as a wave proceeds.toward the shore, it will usuallycrest and break over a shallow spot, either the sand beach itself or anoffshore bar. If the wave breaks some distance from shore over a sub-merged sandbar and the-water becomes smooth again before slightlybreaking on the beach, this indicates, a depression or hole on the inside ofthe bara likely spot for surf fishes. If rocky outcroppingS are observedimmediately offshore along a sandy beach, casting to a point close to therock can be productive since .larger fish tend to congregate around suchlocations. The same is true for offshore reefs, kelp' beds, or wrecks. Thesehabitats provide shelter or protection as well as a ready food supply forgame fishes, which eat the abundant small organisms attached to the solidsubstrate and the baitfish frequently found nearby.

Rocky shores usually are productive fishing areas; however, manyanglers are reluctant to fish these places because of the possibility of losing

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their terminal gear of sinkers and hooks. Careful selection of a fishing spotoff a rocky point or over sharp drop offs to deep water which may have asmooth bottom could produce results. Although a cautious approach shouldbe taken in testing such an area, .aftevdiscovering good fishing in a rockylocation you may have found your own exclusive fishing spot.

Fishing results in bays are highly variable. Usuallythe best spots ar4near the entrances. in or adjacent to the main tidal Channels. Fishing in theentrance from a boat can be productive either by trolling (usually againstthe tide }. casting. with the tide, or drift fishing with the tide. Tidal fluc-tuations in bays markedly affect fishing in The nearshore area or over thetidal flats. Water current velocities and patterns created by tidal ,flow inturn affect the movement and availability of food material for all bayfishes. Many shallow areas are evident, and some are exposed at extrememinis tides. When the tide is high these areas are covered. and predator

' fish can move over the tidal flats to feed on small invertebrates that live onthe bottom. On an ebbing or outgoing tide, good places for, fishing areusually found in channels or abdut the mouths of tidal sloughs that drainthe tide pats, or at any narrow channel or creek mouth at the point it

_empfies into a bay.In bays as well as in the ocean, logical spots for fishing in your area

may be found on the Marine nautical charts issued by the National Ocean't Survey. These navigational charts show channels and depressions. and

--sometimes show rough or rocky-reef areas. A good marine angler candetermine areas, that may have good'fishing potehtial by consulting thesecharts. and if you plan to fish from your own boat. khowledge of the. bottomtopography is essential for normal navigation.

Another easy method of gaining knowledge Ofsthe, better fishing sites isto follow those sport anglers who know where to fish. Good fishing areasattract fishing boats and concentrations of anglers. The activities ofcommercial sport fishing boats are among the most reliable indicators ofgood fishing spots. Professional sport fishing, boat skippers keep in constantcontact by radio with other boats concerning fishing conditions, and theyare the experts in 'the offshore fishing business. For this reason a greatdeal of knowledge about fishing, techniques for different, species and fishinglocations can be obtained by fishing frpm a commercial sport fishing boatRecords indicate that in most cases catches are above average ter thesboats. an'd their equipment will get you to the fishing grounds and back

\ with speed and safety. Once the fishing grounds are reached. all necessary\\bait (live bait in many cases), tackle, and instruction on equipment and

techniques are available to you..Finally, for more specific knowledge about fishing in a particular Eilea,

one of the most logical places is thelocal bait and tackle store or sportinggoods supplier. Local fish and game warctpns'asually are Indst helpful. andof any group of individuals, they are probably most aware of seasonalfishing opportunities. Above all, before fishing any'ny %rea always be sure toconsult your State fish and game department ,for local regulations con-cerning current laws on type of fishing gear allowed. seasons, and size andbag limits.

JAMES L. SQUIRE. Jg5NMFS. Southwest FisheriesCdritor. La Jolla Laboratory. La Jolla. Calif

SUSAN E. SMITHNMFS. Southwest Ftsheries`Center. Tiburon Laboratory. TAlaan. Calif.

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SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA*The southern California coast from Point Conception south-west to Mexico has a. distinct geographic and oceanographic

'Character compared to coastal areas to the north and south.It is._ sometimes called the southern California "Bight,"referring to the inward curve of the coastline in ai.near east-west, direction for oiler 100 :miles south of Point Conception.Within this "Bight" is a generally counterclockglise. cureentflow or gyre centered in the.Qulf of Ca'talina. an ocean area.southwest of Catalina Island. About the center-of the currentgyle, -sea surface temperatures . tend to be higher" thantemperatures

awingfound tail north or south of the Gulf 'of

Catalina. mids mmer, surface temperathres mayreach 70°F okmore near the center of the ere and high

.,..- . .. , (surface temperatures are then common from southern

,California south a! off -the coast of Baja California, Mexico,.EhAring this warming period; subtropical species such ai

. striped marlin, swordfish, Pacific. bonito, and yellowtail[Seriola dorsalisj migrate into the Gulf of Catalina. On rareoccasions, during abnormhlly warm years, .tropical speciessuch as yellowfin tulle, dolphinfish, and sailfish also areknown to migrate north into southern California waters.

Weather og southern California is generally mild andthu onducive to marine sport fishing. Sill heights ard.lowand winds are generally light and from the west. However,

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outside the Offshore islands fr San en to SanMiguel, durfni the summer one Oncou s large wells andhigh seas 'ceased by prevailing strotig northwesterly, winds.During winter and early spring the southern, extensions of

'storm fronfi having their centers farther prth, sometimesenter the-area bringing rainsind wind: Rainfall is low alongthe coast, averaging but 10 to 15' inches per year, and.wind

,speeds during winter and spring storms ,rarelY exceed, 30knots flthe,ea rstiiire areas. summer a persistent lowstratus cloud layer exist; offshore. result* from warmermoist aizr 'flowing from the south and southeast. In lateNimmerithe ,remains o' tropical 'storms .sometimea reach thesauthern Californialatitudes, though Ilth-se arh rare. One ofthe more pleasant seasons for fishing is 'from late fallthroug rly winter, when the air ie clear, seas calm, andthe p r t'symmer stratus rarely present.

Catch .recordu'indicete that southern CaliforAia is thecenter of marrina game fishing in the eastern Pat MC Ocean,,asp'ecially when one considers its geographical size and-thenumber of marine tinglers in the area. Excellent facilitiesere% available for fishing ,in bays, along shcfre, frpmand or the offshore grwinds from modern sport fishingboats. Year-round _fishing is poisilble for mcd4, southerCalifornia species likted.in this ids. c

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11 'San Diego Area

OFFSHORE FISHING

Within the Sari Diego . region(Chart 1) the major offshore sport

Aphing grounds are about Mexico'sopado Islands and near the Point

Lomat4nd La Jolla kelp beds. Some ofthe Idlest marine anidipg facilities forfishing in local and distant waters areto be,foundfin San Diego Harbor andMission Bay.. San Diego, is the prin-cipal port for long -range fishing tripsto off the coast of Baja California. It isalso one of the' major ports foralbacore 'SP-OM fishing from Julythrough October, with most fishingwithin 4010 100 miles west and south.-

..west of San Diego. Sometimes in earlyKummer, 'albacore also will appearnear the Coronado Islands. Occasion-ally, trips by modern well-eqhippedsport fishing ,boats are made to SanClemente Island (see Chart 8) foryellowtail and kelp bass and to off-shore banks for 'rockfishes.

Variations in the offshore bottomtopography have a, pronounced in-fluence on where diluent species atecaught., The coastal shelf off SanDiego is widest from Point Loma south

\ to the Coronado Islands, averagingabout 20 fathoms in depth. Here thebottom is sand, sand shell, and mudand sand, over which sand bass, whiteseabass. California halibut, and sizablequantities of forage fish such as thenorthern anchovy are frequently taken.

the Coronado Islands north, nearshore

ough the bottom is generally sandy

shore rocky reefs are to be found offImperial Beach, Point Loma, and LaJolla.

Off Pnint,Loma the shelf is about 3miles wide and becomes narrower offLa Jolla and to the north; offshore thebottom depth descends to about 800fathoms. The edge of the shelf is gen-erally the inner limit, of late summerfishing for striped marlin. Excellent

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fishing areas for rockfishes also can befound along the shelf edge.

Several submarine canyons cutinto the nearshore shelf; the two mostprominent are the Coronado Canyonand the La Jolla Canyon. These can-yons provide good habitats along theirupper edges fqr rockfishes, sheephead,kelp bass, and broomtail grouper.

The Coronado Islands Elie theproperty 'Of Mexico, Sand .a Mexicanfishing license must be obtained beftiret Afishing about any d'the three iskinds.When fishing from a commercial sportfishing boat, the foreign fishing licensefee is usually included in the cost; ofthe trip. These.islands constitute themost productive area in southernCalifornia for fishing yellowtail, whichare taken there during late springthrough summer. The north end of theNorth Corona to is excellent foryellowtail fishing, and anglers usually,experience a good morning l'bite."The "Middle Ground," between NorthCoronado and Middle Coronado, is alsogood for yellowtail, and for whiteseabass in spring: Other game fishestaken by anglers around the CoronadoIslands are: Pacific barracuda, Pacific*nit°, rockfishes (olive, kelp,, andgrass), lingcod, ocean whitefish,sdulpins, and kelp bass. /Pacificbarracuda are taken April throughOctbber (summer best), and ,Pacificbonito are caught in summertheremaining species are taken year-round. Between the Coronado Islandsand the mainland coast, fishing is goodfor white seabass in spring and earlysummer, when squid are spawning inthis area. This is also a good fishinglocation for California halibut duringthe spring. North of the CoronadoIslands along the edge of the CoronadoSubmarine Canyon in deep water,bottom anglers catch rockfishes(chilipepper, bocaccio, vermilion,yellowtail, gopher,, and canary).

The Peat Loma kelp beds anddeep -water immediately northwest ofthe Point are good fishing spots for thespecies shown - on the chart. Near-

" shore, rockfishes (olive, grass, ver-milion, and kelp) are commonly takennear the kelp beds; offshore in deeperwater, bocaccio, chilipepper, gopher,canary, and greenstriped rockfishesare caught,

Fishing the La Jolla kelp bed hasbecome increasingly popular in recentyears. Statistics indicate there aremore anglers,, catching greaternumbers of fish, from this area thanfrom any other location, along theCalifornia coast. Off Point La Jolla, inaddition to the species listed on thechart, California ,halibut sometimes aretaken on the flats to the north andsouth of the La Jolla SubmarineCanyon.

North of La Jolla begins a near-continuoti,s kelp, bed" that extendsnorthward along the coast. There islimited amount of fishing off the kelpbeds at Del Mar and in adjacent

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Imperial Beach

Chula Vista

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Shelter Island

Mission Bay

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8 Pacific Beach Pier

to the north and south for kelp bassand rockfishes (kelp, olive, grass, andvermilion). Yellowtail and Pacific boni-tO sometimes are taken in and aboutthese kelp-beds,

BAY AND'SHORE FISHING

Several public piers, located inbays or along the open co st, allow themarine anglers to catch r ident shorefishes and sometimes migr tory speciessuch as Pacific bonito nd Pacificbarracuda, The outer c st has twopublic fishing piers. The p cean Beachpublic fishing pier is ood place forsurfperches (barred, pile, walleye, andkelp), Pacific bonito, Pacific mackerel,white seabass, sharks (sand, brownsmoothhound, and leopard), queenfish,jacksmelt, California ' halibut, andsculpin. To the south, the ImperialBeach fishing pier just north of theMexican border has, at times, goodfishing for pile and rubberlip surf=perches in winter and spring, andwalleye and shiner surfperches allyear. Sharks, rays, white croaker,Pacific sanddab, Pacific bonito,jacksmelt. Pacific barracuda, whiteseabass (small), cabezon, sculpin, and"rock" crabs are also taken from thispier.

San Diego Bay has some fishingabout the municipal piers for sculpins,jacksmelt, pile shrfperch, topsmelt,sharks, and rays. The major publicsport fishing pier in San Diego Bay ison Shelter Island, near the entrance tothe bay. Off the pier and along therocky shore nearby, anglers catchsurfperches (shiner, black, rubberlip,

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and pile); jacksmelt, topsmelt, sandbass. sculpin, sharks, rays. Pacificbonito, and California halibut. Anglers

' fish for the same array of shorespecies from the south 'side of ShelterIsland 'and 1 mile east off Harborisland.

Mission Bay offers trxcellent pier,shore. or small-boat fishing. Bayfishermen frequently catch yellowfinand spotfin croakers, small Pacificbonito and Pacific barratuda.California halibut, shiner and rub-,berlip surtperches, topsmelt, jacksmelt.

= spotted sand bass, sharks. and rayS.The open coast offers ,s1/re

fishing along both rocky and sandyshores: the species of , fish caughtdepends upon; which of these twoshoreline types is being fished. Someof fhe better shore fishing areas arenear Del Mar and Torrey Pines, andfrom Coronado to Imperial Beach.

The major sandy-shore fishes arethe surfperches, croakers, corbina,and grunion. The barred surfperch iscommon and comprises about 70% ofthe shore angler's surfperch catch. ItIs taken thioughout the year,

',December through March is con-sidered best. ,Others such as shiner.

whitd, rainbow, rubberlip. and silversurfperches are available all year.The walleye surfperch also is takenmost of the year over sandy bottom, aswell as around pier pilings and ietties.Catches of California corbina aretaken of the sandy shore all year butare greatest during July through

. September. Spbtfin croaker are takenall year, but summer fishing is best,,especially °along beaches extending

'north from Imperial Beach. Yellowfincroaker are caught on some sandyshores during the summer run. butthese locations will vary according tomovements of the fish. The whitecroaker or kingfish is taken off mostsandy beaches.

Grunion is one of the favoritefishes of the open-coast sandy beach.This small silvery fish enters the surfzone to spawn during ,periods ofhightides in slate spring and summer fromMarch to September (grunion may notbe taken 31 March through 1 June).They may be captured by hand in suctipopular fishing areas as La Jolla.Pacific Beach, Mission Beach, OceanBeach, along the Coronado Strand(Silver Strand). and Imperial Beach.Thebest time to search for grunion isthe second. third, and fourth nightsafter a full moon and for a 3-hourperiod after a high tide.

Along, rocky portions of the coastat La Jolla. Bird Rock. and SunsetCliffs' and about Point Loma. thespecies commonly taken are opaleye(best in spring), halfmoon, surfperches(black, shiner, walleye, and pile), rock-fishes (kelp, grass. 'and ,brown), kelpbass, . and occasionally sargo andcabezon. Opaleye, halfmoon, and rock-fishes are available to the rocky shoreangler all year.

,2 Solana Beach toData Point

This fishing area (Chart 2).geographically between the populationcenters of San"Diego and Los Angeles,is a growing one for marine sportfishing operations. New facilities suchas the extensive small-boat harborrecently developed at Dana Point(Dana Harbor). and the excellentsmall-boat basin at Oceanside nowmake ,many coastal fishing areasaccessible to the small-boat angler.About 15 miles of coastline fromOceanside north to near San MateoPoint is the property of the U.S.Marine Corps and is part of the CampPendleton complex. Until recentlyaccess to this area was very limited:however, in the north a portion of thecoast now has been designated a Statepark (San Onofre Bluffs State Beach)and greater access to the shore isbeing given the public.

The coastal shelf...ir.,ery narrowoff this section of coast, extending only2 to 3 miles offshore before reaching adepth of 50 fathoms or more. Sand andgray sand predominate the bottomnearshore, with some rocky areas suchas those found north of Oceanside andalong the coast from south of SanMateo Point northward. This hardbottom stratum allows for developmentof kelp, which in turn provides airattractive environment for kelp bassand the brown types of rockfishes.Offshore in deeper water the bottomtype is gray and green mud and thecoastal shelf descends to a depth of300' to 400 fathoms within 8 to 10 milesoffshore. Along the edge of the shelf, indeep water, are several places whererockfishes may betaken.

OFFSHORE FISHING

Sport fishing boats Pare ,availableat the port of Dana Harbors and at

Oceanside. These boats fish the ,coastal kelp beds and offshore in deepwater, for rockfishes and other'species.During albacore season they run off-shore to 60 Mile Bank (60 miles south-west of Point Loma), to the 43 FathbmBank (35 miles west of Point Loma),and sometimes beyond. San ClementeIsland. The 209 Bank. ,about 35 mileswest of the mainland, is one of the

e er fishing areas for striped marlinand swordfish, and albacore oc-casionally are taken, here during Julyor August.

Immediately offshore from SolanaBeach north to off Carlsbad and fromSan Mateo Point to San Clemente aresubstantial kelp beds. Although thekelp beds in this area are not asextensive as those off Point Loma tothe south, or off the Santa Barbaracoast farther north, they do provide asuitable habitat for kelp bass, sandbass and rockfishes (kelp, grass, olive,and vermilion) and also attract coastalmigrants such as Pacific barracudaand Pacific onito. Yellovitail andwhite seabass are sometimes takennear the kelp are jack and Pacificmackerels (July to Sep,tember). opaleye,white croaker, and kelp rockfish.Nearshore rocky reefs provide ahabitat suitable for many species suchas opaleye, grass. and kelp rockfishes,halfmoon, cabezon, and black' surf-perch.

Roafishing is often productive-along the edge of the narrow coastalshelf, in water 30 to 100 fathoms deepover rocky,, sharp-sloping areas.Anglers fish off Carlsbad to Oceansideand north to Dana Point for bocaccio,chilipepper, canary, and yellowtailspecies Of rockfishes.

Bluefin tuna and striped' marlinare taken occasionally off the San7

1

2

15

EnCina Hay Fishing Area

Oceanside Pier

Oceanside Harbor_

San Glementelier

5 ' Dana Harbor,

-a

TO 14-MILE BANK(LASUEN SEAMOUNT)FOR ROCKFISHVOCACCIO,VERMILION, CHILIPEPPER),AND ABOUT THE BANK ANDTO THE SOUTHWEST FORSTRIPED MARLIN, SWORD-FISH, AND OCCASIONALLYALBACORE

S-0

OCCASIONALLYBLUE..FIN TUNA-AND STRIPEDMARLIN TAKENNORTH HALF OFCHART AREAOFFSHORE

a.

CHART 2

Shorefishing Areas

3 FishIng Focilities

ROCKFISHBOCACC10VERMILIONCHI Li PEPPE RCANARY

TO 209 BANKFOR STRIPED MARLININ LATE SUMMER, ANDOCCASIONALLY ALBACOREAND SWORDFISH

liepth in Fothorn4

KELP HE C),ARRACUD' T

`,E LI OW I AIL 1.,LP BASS, \1,c)cKF- ISH, CA IFORNIAoAL !HUT, SHEE PLEAD,OPAL EYE, WHET CROAKER. \SAND BASS, PAC I/vIACKE BEL, JACK it\CKEREL,YIL LoWTAIL

(7)

,tLte1 I I

.2Cr Mdes

5

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

ROCKFISHBOCACCIOCHILIPEPPEFCANARYYELLOWTAIL

Ured,s,de

NEAR WARM WATEROUTF ALL FOR CORBINA,LEOPARD SHARK, ANDGRAY SMOOTHHOUNDSHARK

AT TIMES A GOODAREA FOR YELLOWTAIL

9

Or Swept° coast in late summer, evenless frequently. however, in recent'years.

°- ;PIER '1/4NO SHORE. FNIIIM,

TWO fishing piers areavailable along this stretch of coast.0410 is at San Clemente whete .surf-perches (barred, walleye. and rub-berlip). California halibut. sculpins,and the usual array of sharks and raysare caught. °The --second° is theOceanside fishing pier, good at timefor runs of California halibut (springand summer best), sculpjn. sargo.jacksmelt, white croaker (kingfish).,queenfish, occasionally small whiteseabass. Pacific bonito: and Pacificbarracuda (in summer), kelp ,and sandbass, and barred and walleye surf-perches. In addition, there is shorefishing from The jetty systems at Dana

Harbor and Oceanside.The extensive sandy-shore

beaches from Solana Beach to SanClemente are productive areas for thesurf angler. Some of the better. or atleast more popular. surf fishing areasare found near San Mateo Point wherecorbina are taken from July through

-September. Farther south. there isexcellent spotfin croaker And barredsuftperch fishing along San OnofreBluffs State Beach near the northernboundary of Camp Pendleton (a permitis required for fishing on'U S. MarineCorps property). Fishing is good 3miles south of Carlsbad, particularlyabout the entrance to the cooling-water' inlet of the steam-electricgenerating plant where, because of 'aconstant inflow of water from theocean, the small bay has a highconcentration of California halibut,corbina, and ye wfin croaker. Othergood shore' fishing ots are north ofLeuceclia and near n Elijo Lagoon,just north of Solana Beach. Surf-perches frequently taken along thesandy shores are the barred (winter,spring best), walleye, shiner. calico(December to March best), and silverspecies. Other fishes taken by the surfangler 'are the white and yellowfincroaker, and California halibut.Grunion runs are known to occur onthese beaches in late spring and earlysummer.

The shore from San Mateo Point toSan .,Clemente has only a few Isolatedareas where rocky-shore species canbe taken.

10

3 'Lamina Beach toPoint Vicente

A great divls,csky of fishiog areas andfacilities are available from Laguna,Beach to Point Vicente (Chart 3) toaccommodate, the large, number ofmarine anglers in the greater LosAngeles area. M.any types of angling-opportunities are available along rocky

wand saridsis. from °jetties andpiers, in bays, and over offshore kelpbeds and deepwater fishing grounds.The coastline is oriented generally innorthwest - southeast direction withabout one-half composed of sandybeaches; the rest is a rocky.' shoreinterlaced with small sandy beaches.

Major sport fishing boat facilitiegare available at three locations'in theLos Angeles-Long 'Beach Harbor 'area:,one at Long Beach and two at SanPedro. Smaller sport boat operationsare available at the Belmont Shore,Huntington Beach, and Seal Beach..,piers. Newport Beach and Balboa haveextensive sport boat and pier facilities.

OFISHORE. FISIiING

South of Newport Beach to offLaguna Beach the coastal shelf is verynarrow, about 2 milessometimeslessin width.- The bottom nearshoreis mostly sand and mild interspersedwith rocky areas. Because of thenarrow shelf, pelagic species such asbluefin tuna and striped marlinsometimes migrate to, within a shortdistance of the shore.

From about Newport Beach westtoward Long Beach and Point,Fermin,the coastal shelf wiLjens to its greatestwidth in souther if California. Thenearshore bottom is primarily sand,gray s_and, and mud and provides agood habitat for California halibut. In

17

the wider part of the coastal shelf, thebottom types aro, sand. shells. greensand, and green mud. Along the outeredge of the coastal shelf, the bottomdescends to a -depth of 250 to 300fathoms, providing good. rbckfishinglocations. The bottom reaches lepthsgreater than 400 fathoms near themiddle of the San Pedro Channel.

South of Newport are scatteredsmall kelp beds. where a number ofcoastal species such as barracuda.kelp bass. sand bass, white croaker,bonito. California halibut, sheephead,and rockfishes (kelp, .olive. grass, andvermilion) are caught. Occasionally,yellowtail and, white seabass are

:landed. Off Laguna Beach, ,over,deepwater rocky areas., anglers fishfor bocaccio. chilipepper,, and canaryrockfishes. Southeast of NewtiortBeach, and northwest of Laguna Beach

-over the coastal shelf,. is a kelp areawhere several of the brown species ofrockfishes are commonly taken, Bluefintuna and striped marlin have been'caught just offshore a short distance

Aliso Beach Pier

2.-

Newport Bay

3 'Balboa Pier

4 Nrewport each Pier

5 Huntington Beach Pier

8' HuntingtOn Harbor

7 Seal Beach FVni:

8 Alamitos Bay:

9 * Belmont Pier

10

11

12

13

Golden Shores

Long Beach SintfishingJaz.

San Pedro Sportfishing

22nd Street Landing

14 Cabrillo Beach

*Akio has fishing hargq

in

114.

Z-

.1!1

,

7^

LOS ANGELS

KELP SU RFPE RCHOPALEYE

, groAL=ikAtms\ ,:r.erAcki 12San Pedro Adpe.'

103 r Terminal

'14

.-<

,

Strut.. es 50 2 . 3 AI

1-

Ii 1-1

2 3 4Naut Cl . .es

NOT TQ BE USED FOR NisVIGATIONSee NOS Nauttcal qt\:arts

EE

14

N

A.,

1long -

BegchWARM-WA reR,OUTFALL:SMALL BARRACUDA

BoNaoCALIFORNIA HAWBUT

9

N

Yi)

ALAMITOSST. BEACH

SW 1100114.

HuntogtoHbr

42

7

Hurnmstanbeach Pie.

Sunset Gooch

BOLSA CHICAST. BEACH

. ;

39jSANDBASS

CHART-1

Shoref Ishnp Aceo

13 Fishing raZititie

Sportboat Operation

sirs Sorge

Kelp\Depth in r°thorns

.os,

fbi`Huntington ,-.1vo

I3e9che Santa

HutNM:MONST: BEACH

COsta

Newport Mew ,

Beach

237

73;IN BAY:

$qntaAna

-KELP BASSSAND BASS""'sSPOTTED SAND BASS...

Newport SPOTFINCRLCROAKERCROAKERBay

SU I:W(3E RCH .osRAYSSMALL WHITE SE ABASS

C.arbno del MarCORONA DEL. MAR a -

ST,BEACH

Laguna Beach

Ht "'if.I 1 4o3

front Laguna Beach, although notcommonly in recent years

Farther offshore to -the west isLasuen Seamount, widely known as"14 Mile Bank" or "58 Fathom Spot."This is an excellent bottomfishing areafor rockfishes (bocaccio. vermilion. andchtlipepper), and in summer. stripedmarlin and swordfish 'are taken nearthe surface about the Seamount and tothe southwest Albacore also .arecaught here duiing. the summer. butlike bluefin tuna. only occasionally inrecent years.

Off Newport, in the NewportSubmarine Canyon. isablefish (black-cod). a species usually' associated withmore northern latitudes. can be takenin (1130 water. On rare occasionsduring the spring, coho (silver) salmonhave been caught off Newport. Since.deep^ water is close to shore offNewport. striped marlin are taken onoccasions only a short distance southof the Newport Harbor entrance.

From Huntington Beach west overnearshore sandy bottom. there is goodfishing for many of the bottgm species.California halibut is one of the moreimportant fishes caught in this area

The "horseshoe kelp" bed. southof Los Angeles Ha'rhStir. has beesreduced in size over the years and thekelp growth is now under the surface.HoWever. this spot sometimes is goodfor Pacific barracuda. Pacific bonito.kelp bass. yellowtail, jack and Pacificmackerels, and rockfishes (olive, kelp.

- and vermilion).

NIAR SliOrtik SHOW-LI\

The greeter Los Angeles Harbor-San Pedro Bay area, being. readilyaccessible to large numbers of people.is a popular place for fishing fromshore and small boats. Good locationsfor catching bay fishes can be foundwithin the harbor itself, along theextensive jetties. or about piers thatare on open channels in the outerharbor area. Bay fi4ling is alsopopular in Alamitos and Seal Beachbays where jacks,mell: surfperches.skates, sharks. rays, sargo, and turbotare taken by anglers along with anoccasional small mackerel or Pacificbonito.

Numerous fishing piers (publicand commercial)' and open bulkheadareas provide many thousands ofrecreational fishing hours each monthfur only the cost of bait and tackle Inaddition,,to the many commercial piersand marina floats available for fishingin Los Angeles Harbor, there are piersbuilt specifically for fishing at CabrilloBeach (near Point Fermin). BelmontShore. Seal Beach. Huntington Beach,Newport Beach (two piers). and southof Laguna Beach at Aliso Beach Fromthese piers. anglers catch Californiahalibut, kingfish Lroaker).

12

sharks. rays. jacksmelt, queenfishsurfperches (barred. black. walleye.pile. and shiner). and Pacific and jackmackerels.

Surf cishing takes place alongroc kv sluitles from Point Fermin toPoint Vicente Southwest from NewportBay to Dana Point there is flsrlin'g fromthe man-made jetties at Los AlamitosBay and Newport Bay for opaleve.grass and kelp rockfishes_ halfmoon.cabezon. and black perch. The San'Pedro breakwater from Cabrillo Beachto the San Pedro Channel entrance isaccessible from shore: rest of thebreakwater to the east can be reachedby boat Here there is good fishing foropaleye, halfmoon. kelp bass, androckfishes (brown types).

Sandy-shore fishing is availablefrom Newport Beach to Long Beach.One of the mord popular places forsurf fishing Is Boise Chica State Beach.Species most comnionly taken off sandybeaches are surfperches (barred.walleye, shiner, calico. and silver).croakers (spotfin. white and yel-lowfm). California halibut. and cor-bina. Grunion are also caught duringtheir periodic spa wning runs.

4 Point Vicenteto Solrorniir

The coast froin Point Vicente toSolromar (Chart 4) botders one of themost populated areas along the westtuast and is intensively fished. ciatizocularly from Redondo Beach to SantaMonica. Sandy shore, rocky shore. et*and jetty ,fishing. and excellentfacilities for boat fishing are foundfrom Point Vicente to Solromar"

The coastline is rocky from nearPoint Vicente ,to Malaga Cove, south ofRedondo Beach. Northward from

1 * Redolido,Bch (lagnbr.)

\.1-lermdsa Beach Pier

3

4

Manhattan Reach Piero.,

Marina del Rey

5 Venice Pier

6 .* Santa Monica Pier

\\ Malibu Pier

8 Paradise Cove Pier

..1 'clung barRe

Malaga Cove to northwest of SantaMonica is an extensive stretch ofsandy beach. From Santa Monica,. thecoast swings westward and the coastalshore begins to get rocky once again.with pccasional offshore reefs. Thefirst substantial nearshore con-centrations of kelp, which are commonfrom here to Point Conqeption. arefound just west of Malibu Point to nearPoint Dume, and again west of ZUmaBeach.

The offshore coastal shelf is verynarrow from Point Fermin to PointVicente. and these waters arefrequented many times by schools ofbait fish such as anchovy and jack andPacific mackerels. Depths of 200fathoms omore are found 2 to 3 mile&offshore. The bottom then descends toits g\reatest depth in the San PedroCharnelover 400 fathoms. Bottom?'types. aside from rocky areas. aregenerally green sand: in deeper water,green mud predominates. Along theedge of the shelf are rocky areas thatattract sizable concentrations of redrockfishes.

Santa Monica Bay is relativelyshallow (less than 50 fathoms deep)and cut by tinro prominent submarine.canyons, the Redondo and SantaMona a canyons Rocky areas arefound near the edges of these canyonsas well as along the edge ,of thecoastal shelf. pncl these places usuallyprovide some bfVie better rockfishing.A number of sallow reefs are off-shore, in lower Santa Monica Bay be-tween Point Vic ente and RedondoBeach. The coastal shelf is about 3miles wide from Santa Monica to near

4

(

"&Ammar.W..

LEO CARRILLO IT.

BEACH

.,c, KELP t3ASS

. .ROE.KF I SH _______--111P-

; , HALIBUT ,

'''BA itet ACI./DAWHilt SERBASSSCUL PINSHEEPFicADSAND BASS

4' 0- /ZUMA BEACR

I

PT DUMB CT BEACH

8'V\Y-1

EP,.1,A TER \\-ROCKFISHES

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSoo NOS Nautical Charts

BLUEFIN TUNA ,,*(`1.+FTAKEN NEAR NON IL ABAY IN SUMMER AND (,_(-10LFALL!' ALBACORE C AL/1,1 TINFREQUENTLY OF-EY-ff./RI-IN CHANNEL

4

Malibu Beach

.lartrAuelf LAGOON ST BEACH

CHART 4

Shorefishing'Areos

3 Fishing Facilities

Sportboot Operation

moll Fishing Borge

Reef

Kelp

Depth in Fathoms

4

Pter

.., ,+++,,,'N 0., IL+ IIKt

(t., ICI ISo(H. ',1AC,T "EE,, "I 7

.1.11 4,t Hti(t3,\ P1,,

s, KL 1'0'4 /

MILTON

13, 'CAC( I')I HII. WE 'P1 0

LAS TUNAS ST BEACH

Topanga Beach

t,20(KPILE'.ROCKFISII

BARGEBON/ TO

Z1HALIBUT:1A(,KE RE LSLULPINWHI IL CRO1\KE-2SURF-PERCH

1!11('

" oc

WILL ROGERS ST,BEAA"

Santa.Monica

SANTA MONICA -ST BEACH

i ,

Per VenkeAferme 4Rey

BtNI TOIALIBU

BARRACUDA

Playa del Rey

DocnwEiLER ST, BEACH

El Segundo

.tontlArTNsT BEACH

'ManhattanBeach

3.2 (,05

Horrposoleach

14yr REDONDO ST, BEACH

Redondo Boacfi

HAL t Bur, Burn ro,WHITE SE A BAS`LBARRACUDA, iHFHEAD, YE L LOWTAIL,KF LP CIA<>S, ROCKFJACK AND PA( IF ICMACKE RE L, `,CULPIN,AND CABE TON

BARGE FISHING:BONITOBARRACUDAMACKEREL'ROCKFISHHALIBUT

Torrance

91

:1.

I3

2n

r-

Point Dume and is titiOut 2 mile wide .to the west beyond Point Dume. Againthe bottom types are usually sandnearshore. grading to mud and sandfarther offshore; and green mud at thegreater depths.

Ort,S'IltRE FISHING

Ewe. Rent, facilities for sport -fish-,ing are located at.the small-boat har-bors of 'Redondo Beach. Marina delRey. Santa Monica and to the westat Malibu and Pa+adise Cove: Sportfishing boats operate locally or travelfrom these ports to distant waters tofish around Catalina. Santa Barbara.or San Nicolas islands. Special off-

"shore trips for albacore are madeduring the summer. The boats fish .southwest of Redondo Beach along theedges of the Redondo Canyon (thesouth edge in particular) where thereis good deepwater fishing for rock-fishes (vermilion. , canary. bocaccio.gopher. and chilipepper). Rockfishingis also productive off Point Dumewhere vermilion. olive, and bocaccio

_species enter the catch. Along the kelpbeds west of Zuma Beach. olive, grass.and kelp rockfishes, are takenfrequently. along , with occasionalbonito and yellowtail during summer.

PIER AND SHORE. FISHING

Rocky-shore fishing is popularfrom Point Vicente to near MalagaCove. just south of Redondo Beach.Several species of surfperches .com-monly are taken here along with olive.grass. and kelp rockfishes. Qpaleyefishing is excellent along this rockystretch of coast.

Rocky-shore species caught in thearea west of Santa Monica are theopaleye. surfperches (black andshiner). rockfishes (grass. kelp, and°We). halfmoon, cabezon, sargo, andoccasionally kelp bass.

From Redondo Beach north toManhattan Beach are several publicfishing piers. These piers' are popular..for fishing California halibut (springand summer best) an surfperches.(barred, black. walleyb. pile. andshiner). Mackerel sometimes are takenfrom these piers as are the usualaction-getters--sharks and rays. At theRedoodo piers. excellent bonito fishingis available: these fish are apparently,.attracted by the warm waterdischarged by a steam-electfic powerplant.

Excellent surf fishing, is availdblealong the extensive sandy beachesficim south of Redondo Beach to Worthof Santa Monica. especially betweenRedondo Beach and Playa del Rey.Sandy-shore species taken by surfanglers are barred surfperch. (bestfrom January'through March,' walleyesurfperch. California halibut (spring

14

and summer best). jacksmelt. and,shovelitose guitarfish. In some yearsfishing is good. for corbina, spotfincrpaker, and yellowfin croaker.particularly along tFip sandy shorefrom Playa del Rey to Venice and fromManhattan ifetich to Redondo Beach.Grunion are sometimes gathered alongMalibu. Santa Monica. Venice. andHermosa beaches during periods ofevening high tides in the spring andsummer. Zuma Beach's sandy shoresoffer good fishing for barred ourfAperch, with occasional catches (1corbina and croakers.

C

than one-half mile wide in most places.rising. to au elevation of 930 feet abovesea level. There, is excellent fishing .

around Anacapa for kelp bass andblack sets bass, as well as for bocaccioand canary rockfishes. Occasionalcatches of Pacific__ barracuda andyellowtail are made here in siiinTne-r----Broadbill swordfish and striped marlinare taken south of Anacapa Islandduring summer and -early fall. The onlybnpadbili t rnenent fishing on thewest coast t place near the island.

leThe co stal shelf east of Portt Hueneme i very narrow: from Point

Mugu eastward it is no more than 1mile wide. Immediately 'west of PointMugu, the Mugu Submarine Canyoncuts through the coastal shelf, andwater depths plunge to 250 to 300fathoms. The coastal shelf widensslightly between Point Mugu and PortHueneme before being interrupted by,another submarine canyon, Huenemeipnyon. Northwest of Hueneme theMelf becomes several miles wide, anarea cOmmonly known as the VenturaFlats. the shelf narrows slightly westof Ventura. and the more offshore

, rocky reefs provide good rockfishigg. ,The bottom types range from rock

to sand and shells in they southeast tomud. sand. and shells in the Mugu-Hueneme area. Sand and mudpredominate on the Ventura Flats,which'has good fishing for flatfish suchas California halibut. In deeper waterthe typical mud and green mud bottompredominates. The offghore bottombecomes shallower west of Hueneme

k Canyon. and adjacent to Ventura Flats,the depth --at mid-Santa BarbaraChannel is only about 130 fathoms.

Immediately offshore of the areafrom Solromar to Point Mugu, anglers

4 fish along the edge of the kelp beds for\ rockfishes (grass, olive. nd kelp) andoccasionally bonito. About 4 miles

OFFSHORE. FISHING

The prin&pal sport fis,hing ports inthe'Ventura area (Chart 5) are PortHueneme, Channel Islands Harbor, andVentura Harbor. These .are t,h'eprincipal ports closest tcr thepopulation center of Los °Angeleshaving sport fishing boats thatspecialize in fishing about the SantaBarbara Channel Islands and afghoresouth of the islands for albacoxeduring the summer'fishing season. (SeeChart 7 for Channel Islands fishing.)On isolated Occasions. catches of cohosalmon ,are made in late winter andearly spring by party boats fishing

.southeast of Point Ilvgu and south acidwest of Ventura. The catches dunthis time are net large. but represthe southern extension of salmon s ort4fishing.

About 11 miles offshore from PortHueneme and the, Chann. elt IslandsHarbor is Anacapa Island. one of, themore important islands .,,for marinesport fishirig. The island 4's the east-ward extension of the chain of SantaBarbara Ghanael. Islands and is less

nt

1.

a

0

,

I Port Hueneme

2 0 Hueneme Pier ,

<

3 Channel Islands Harbor

4 Ventura Harbor

5 Vehtura Pier

lNOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATION

! See NOS Nautical Charts .

Statute Klee

I 1

1

11

2 3I I

2 ' 3

4

4I

I

luavt.11414s

rre

Anacaoa t(National

Monument)

5

CO

CO

Cur -c° SILVER)S4\ ON DURINGLJ L SPRING

CHART 5VEIN Iiktf=24 NOR T

E C,Ot RAC( ) Dr1)RE

BON/ ,t) LP

Rt)L 1(f r-311

Shorefishing Amps

c.

. Fishing Facilities

1.12 Sportboat Operation

Oil Rig

aKelp

bD EARLY

UNWE R

-t- Reef

Depth in Fathoms

VenturP.er

Ck.,LLyr

H PA^.11,; L '

Kr Li",t LL`,DriE.trftKf

A T

BA

OC

r.a

A.<"..

"0,k, /Hi f )1VLI H,,Y;

$ $ ANp ft,( .;

r,f r.I .0 `.07 01I-1.1' 1`

1 tali

C

Et.7( r7.:ItIlLI .V'r .7

t`,11

1 r

VI ,

,r4r,Ar,t)

;

22

r

V.

V offshore of Solromar there is a shallowarea approximately 45 fathoms deep.This is a good fishing _vet forchilipepper rockfish and sometimes

yellowtail and Pacific barracuda.Limited catches of coho salmon aremade occasionally in the early spring.

PIER AND SHORE

The coast is rocky from LeoCarrillo State Beach (bottom of chart)to Point Mugu. The shore-borders thecoast highway .and is readily ac-cessible to the fishing public. Thisrocky coast offers good fishing foropaleye. kelp bass. surfperches, androckfishes (grass, kelp, and olive).From dout Point Mugu to neap PortHueneme. access is restricted since itis part of the point Mugu Naval AirStation and Pacific Missile Range. The,sandy shore starts at Point Mugu andextends up ailing the coast all the wayto Ventura, fro Ventura west toRincon Point. sandy beaches are in-terspersed with rocky points of land.Along the sandy beaches extendingfrom Point Mugu northwestward. thefollowing species are taken from shcife:walleye and barred surfperches(excellent fishing area for barred,January to March best), Californiahalibut (spring and summer best).jacksmelt. sharks (several species),corbina, spotfin croaker. yellowfincroaker, and occasionally kelp bass

Anglers fish about the jetties anddocks at Port Hueneme and from thesport fishing pier (actually a fishingfloat) in the Channel Islands Harbor.About the Port Hueneme jetties,anglers will likely find opaleye-. sujf-erches (black and shiner), rockfishes

,(grass, kelp. and olive). halfmoon, andcabezon: Some of the fishes caughtfrom the public fishing float.at ChannelIslands Harbor are walleye and barredsurfperches, staghorn sculpin.California halibut (spring and sum-mer)t lingcod (winter), kelp bass.several species of sharks and rays.and occasionally croakers.

OPW:arefftitt

16

st,

040A04\

6, ''Santa Barbara ANa

This coastline (Chart 6), which en-compasses the major southernCalifornia sport fishing port of SantaBarbara,- is oriented in- an east-westdirection. This is the only sizablecoastal segment of the U.$. Pacificcoast to have this orientation otherthan the south side of the Strait ofJuan de Fuca in Washington. The areais distinguished by the most extensiveand best-developed kelp beds along theCalifornia coast. Lush kelp beds arepresent throughout thy region. but arebest developed from about Goleta Pointto Point Conception.

At the west end of this areals oneof the most notable of coastalgeographical features, Point Con-ception. This is often called the "Capeof Good Hope of4 the West Coastbecause of the wide variation in windsand weather 'found about the point.Many times the waters south and eastof Point Conception may,, be relativelysmooth and have low wind speeds overthem. Immediately north and west ofthe point and offshore only a shortdistance, hhwevei. the seas may berough and the wind near gale force.The coastline south of Point Conceptiois protected by a coastal mountain'range that parallels the shore andprovides an ameliorating influence onthe prevailing northwest winds, whichare most intense from spring to earlyfall.

Point,' Conception is oftendescribed as an ecological dividingpoint for marine life. South of the Pointis the subtropical zoh: north of it is'the fbmperate -Many coastalpelagic fishes. such as Pacificbarracuda '''and yellowtail that arecommon to the waters off southernCalifornia and Baja California. Mexico.are taken only rarely north of PointConception. Conversely. some pelagtnorthern marine and anadromousspecies, such as coho salmon, are

23

taken °illy in small numbers southeastof Point Conception in late wiliter andearly spring.

The shoreline from Carpinteria toPoint Conception and Point Arguello ispredominantly a sandy one, brokenoccasionally by a few prominent pointswith shallow -reefs close to shore.Along most of the coast, the shore isbacked by cliffs 50 to 150 feet high.

Offshore the coastal shelf is quitebroad when compared to the c. alareas to the south. The shelf is t 5miles wide south of Santa lamnarrowing westward to abo / to 3miles wide off Point Conception. Thedepths in the center of the SantaBarbara Channel range from about 200fathoms off Santa Barbara to 250fathoms south of Pelt Conception.

OFFSHORE FISHING

Frotn Santa Barbara, sport fishingboatS' travel to grounds along the coastto the west and east and offshore tothe Santa Barbara Channel Islands.(See Chart,71

A number of reefs along the coastare excellent' fishing spots. as are theextensive kelp beds. West of antaBarbara, near and amid the kel areresident populations of bass.roc4shes (olive. grass. verm on)sheephead. and c ezon. Du ngsummer, anglers so catch Pacificbarracuda and an occasional yellow-tail or white Seabass. Pacific barra-cuda generally work up the coasytoward Point 'Conception from Selo-tember to November and down thecoast from January to April. Pacificbonito sometimes show along the coastin summer and fall. r

Good drift-fishing locations forCalifornia halibut and kelp bass arefound off the Goleta Beach pier; othergood halibut grounds are just east of

lb' Santa Barbara Harbor,

2 Goleta Beach

3 Gaviota Beach Rot

. '

I

L.onctept

.-s

KELP BASSCAL HALIBUTYELLOWTAILBQN I TOLINT:CODROCKFISH

aim

3

CAVIOTA ST BEACH

Goviotomot. P

St 'VE TIMES no, If".LtA.ATItNS'YELL TAIL IN

IaO

0

0

,r5)

.4

4*.1.

..Tonotts

REFUCIO ST. EACH

IN ANL) NE-ZAP F,

BE_ P

KELP 11+',`,1-1()C1'Cr5141 1- fft1E_AL.

BC,r4: )

r3,1:2 P A I t .t

Statute Miles

1

1 2 311 I1 1 I

1 2 3 A

Naut.cat mdes5

Coptton

EL CAPITAN ST BEACH

Naples

tAt.t, tt2_t 1

1<1.

V"4

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOSeNAutical Charts

COLETA.ST BEACH

*Goleta

1,01.11P

ta Beech

114 It31.It,i P-15frts

2

ARROYOBURRO

Si, BEACH se.aanta Barbaro

CHART )5

Shoreftshing Areas

5 Fishing Facilities

ISportboot Operatio!C

. 01114

Kelp

+ Reef

. Depth, In Fqtuns '

I

LikeGmhtinia-

C

ee

"Iii V f,1 1 1"" \L 411' 1, a Bafbar:3P1 t

1-Montedto

Santa Ba

11-,)t)NIA1.),AN t I

, 4 f f A.,'\(VI' I f-- 'AY;

'V1 r', )0,KI ISI1 f I I (II ft )E):,t+ AWff 1.1

w;.) 'U

Summerland

,

a

S

CarpinteriaCARPINTERIA( ST. BEACH

17

AO

4-

\si

1Point Conception, where fishing is bestsin spring .and summer. This area alsoyields occasional summer catches ofbonito and yellowtail.

PIER AND SHORE.: FISIIING7

Pier fiShing is axailable, at SantaBarbara (Sterns Wharf) and t the

, Goleta Beach and Gaviota public 'ars.The Goleta Beach pier is noted forsizable catches of surfperOes.Walleye surfperch are abundant. and

abarred surfperch fishing excellent inwinter and spring. Be Californiahalibut fishing is in spring and earlysummer, and tomcod, spotfin croaker.sand shark. and jacksmelt enter thepier angler's catch mostly during Jul.August. and September.

At the Santa Barbara pier.anglers also catch a variety 'qif surf-perches (rubberlip, shiner, walleye.and barred). as well as white croaker,jack and Pacific mackerels, a fewCalifornia halibut, and even, an oc-casional bonito if the fish are runningclose to shore.

Another public fishingrimer is ashort distance west of Sania Barbaraat Gaviota Beach State Park. Hereanglers take such species as walleyeani barred surfperches. is-harks.Califtua halibut (in spring andsummer), lingcod (winter), kelp bass.rockfishes, and'occasuinally croakers.

The beaches went of Capitan tonorth of Point Conception areespecially good for surf kshing. Sandy-shore species include the barredsurfperch (January throUgh Marchbest). walleye and rubberlipperches, spotfin croaker (usually abrief summer run in this area). andCalifornia halibut (late spring andsummer best). Rocky-shore anglersmost often encounter cabezon, blacksurfperch, and olive, kelp, and grassrockfishes.

Immediately north of Point Con-ception at talama. anglers cast into thesurf for barred. silver, and walleyesurfperchesr, and kelp greenling.Farther north,. from Point. Arguello/north to Point Sal (not. shown onchart). the coastal area is usuallyclosed to civilian use due to Navy andAir Force missile-launching facilities. diwith the ekceptibn of a small beach atthe town of Surf. Here there is good,surf fishing for barred. silver, calico.and walleye surfperches andCalifornia halibut.

18

411

7 8 Southern California'Islands

All the southern California islands(Charts 7 and 8) are -important tomarine game fishing and probably willbecome increasingly important infuture years. These islands are SanClemente, Santa Catalina, SantaBarbara. San Nicolas, Anacapa(covered separately. Chart 5), SantaCruz, Santa, Rosa. and San Miguel. Allare in the general area southeast ofPoint Conception near the southwestedge of the area commonly known asthe southern California Bight, whichextends from Point Conception to off-shore San Diego. The edge of thecontinental shelf is we.st of the offshoreIslands and about 25 miles west of,Point Concention, extending southeastin a general northwest-sthitheast direc-tion and passing about 120 miles off-shore from San Diego. Be een fheedge of the continental shelf a .._the

,southern California coast is a series ofdeep basins, some reaching a depth of1,000 fathoms or more.

The current flow within thesouthern California Bight and in thevicinity of the islands is generallycounterclockwise. Sea surface tem-peratures during the summer areusually warmest, at the center of acurrent gyre that oc near thecenter of the Gulf of tali aan areabordered by Catalina and on, thenorth, San Clemente _sland on the

5

southwest. and the mainland coastnear Oceanside on the .east. 1Thiswarmrater tone is one of the betterfishing areas for striped, marlin andswordfish. Other high= surface tem-peratures lire sometimes noted insummer south of" Santa 'Cruz andAnacapa islands:- again, these warm-water areas represent good locationsAt times for the highly prized swordfish'and marlin.

SAN IA 13,poiARA CHAN::1 i. ISLANDS

Many of the good fishing areasabout the Santa Barbara ChannelIslands are noted on Chart 7. Chart 5provides information on AnacapaIsland. easternmost and smallest of thefour Santa Barbara Channel Islands.Sport fishing boats visit all theseislands from Port Hueneme, ChannelIslands Harbor, Ventura .Harbor, and

.Santa Barbara. During summer,albacore boats occasionally travelfarther offshore near the edge of thecontinental shelf, southwest of SantaRosa and San Miguel islands andbelow 4n Nicolas Island.

The climate about the SantaBarbara Channel Islands is usuallyinfluenced by northwest winds fromspring through summer, though thewind intensity is .moderated slightlyowing to their distance south and eastof Point Conception. Fog and lowstratus clouds are common about thewesternmost islands during late springand summer.

The westernmost island.' SanMiguel. is 7 mils long. 3 miles wide,and rises to a".height of 831 feet-Theisland coastline is predominately rockywith many shoal areas along the westand north sides. Sandy _beaches arescattered about the island: the beachat the west end contains one of thelargest seal and sea lion rookeries insouthern California. About the islandare several good places for fishinglingcod and rockfishes.

Santa Rosa Island is privatelyowned and has a rocky shore along thenorthwest and southwest sides:however, the east end has a number ofsandy beaches. Good fishing forspecies noted on the chart: and forrockfishes and lingcod, can be foundnearshore about the northern andwestern ends of the island.. The western islands (Santa Rosaand San Miguel) have not been fishedas extensively as the islands closer to

LINuCO

4.1

Ju

*

*us

Kt,4rt 44A ,tiItAL 9130 1

tro 1t-Pcf-1,-;fl IL ,f)

T 1.13)1,:,tit 4t t`PrfLAll

I_ /A, ,1KCt P HASt.tt

it

BARRACUDA

0,,T

Neti'

OPOO'

CP vse H

/rrr .1 r.,, Kr

,,

I A )r1t,P f

.4 H .41

BLUE F IN:Up A

)''Ltt.11ALBACORE ,,Pf f

r ,;`,

y

ti", 1110.-2'

99

`Sart, ,...f.,JNI) 1,1 ANL,F

,Kit PC.P01,Pt

Art, If F;o-+E 4 f" 44VEtf12()CKF Isr,

er,

0

r>v+RNE(rr>( Kr tSiiI IN1.1_)(1

IA 11N TUNAALBA( ()Rf

f

Santa Hartara(Nabonal Monument)

V\ 1 ti0c,, AND.11 .1._/.1t1 TsONIA.VVt1rNL'f

DO'

.0

o

BROAD(11 SWORDFISH(OCCAS1 ALLY STRIPED MARLIN).

,

20

33 4'20

CHART 7

Kelp

Depth .n Fathomsft

Statute Mdes

1 2 3 411 1

1 2 3

i4

0

1

Nautical Miles

NoT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Naut,cal Charts

19

;

the ports in the Ventura'Barbara areas. Thb distancfishing kgiats are requirean im ortant factorwind, weather, andabiut these isladdssevere than.at the islan

nd Santathat sport

to-travel isAdditionally,

sea conditionsusually moreto the east.

Santa Cruz is the largest of the-Channel Islands and is privately

, owned; it and Anacapa Island have themost sport fishing pressure. Rockfishing is good 611 about the island;fishing is usually best on the southeastside, which is protected from thewesterly winds. Sometimes this lee sideof tte island has excellent fishing foryellowtail and f?onito. Bluefin tunahave been taken off the southwest endcommercially during'- the Summer, sothis area has a potentialtfor a sportfish catch of this speci4.

SAN NICOLAS''ISLAD. /

San hlicolas _IChart 7) is .25 milessouthwest of Santa Barbara 'Island.

,The nearest pointy on the mainland isPoint Vicente, .55 miles to the north-ekist.Jhe island is owned by the U.S.Navy and the surrounding water is anaval restricted area, so consultNotices to Mariners before fishingabout the island. '. i

The island is 386/2 miles long, andthe highest point is 907 feet above sealevel. A sizable shoal area , extendsaround it, principally on the northwest'and north sides. the bottom types arescattered rocky areas on the northlandwest ends, with shallow areas of sandand white, and, green shells'. The shore

. , is rocky, except Tor isolated sandybeaches, and the east end has thegreatest predominance of.sand.

Fishing is good about the entireisland, but, only a-7mall amount of

sjishing effor\ is expended in the areaSport fishing boats from MI H-uenemeand Channel Islands Harbor and fromthe Los Angeles, area sometimes fishhere. No one section is noted for beingdistinctively better than the others.This island will probably see increasedfish4-in the futurk.

SANTA BARBARA ISLAM)

The small island Santa Barbara(Chart 7) is 20 mile st of the "westend" of Catalina Island. It is about 1mile'long and 1/2 mile wide and rises,abruptly to a peak of 635 feet abovesea level. The shore is rocky, and kelpareas are common about the entireisland; the heaviest kelp growth is

,along the north side.Fishing boats from the Los geles

area and from Port HueneW andChannel Islands Harbor frequent SadieBarbara Island. Anglers fish all about

20

git

the island, and no one area is notedfor having better fishing than another.Albacore are sometinges taken about 5miles southeast of the island. To thesouth about 6 miles is Osborne Bank, agood fishing area for rockfishes,lingcod, and occasionally bluefin tunaand albacore.

SAN IA CA FAUNA ISLAND

Elecause of its pr ximity tometropolitan Los An les. SantaCatalina Island (Chart 8) has beenfished intensively by marine game fishanglers for a great number of years.Santa Catalina Island is privatelyowned and is one of the largest of theeight southern California islands.Although the island points in a north-west-southeast direction, commonterminology results in the northwestend being called the "west end" andthe southeast end, near Avalon, beingcalled the "east end.'" The island isabout 6 miles wide and 18 miles long.The northwest third is constricted, andthe narrowest point is called the "isth-mus."' Here the island is only aboutone-third of a mile wide with Isthmus'Cove on the northeast side andCatalina Harbor on the southwest side.The island rises to an altitude of about2,000 feet; much of it. is over 1,000 feethigh.

,

The coastline about Catalina. isrocky in Most places, and patches ofkelp frequently are found nearshore.

'Sizable kelp areas occur near the westend and near the entrance to CitalinaHarbor. Some patchy areas occursouth of the isthmus toward the eastend( The south side (southwest) hasgood fishing for a number of species(see chart), and white seabasswhite

Kelp bass are fished ins ore, and thesandy coves offer good fishing. forCalifornia fial.but and ocean whitefish.

Excellent billfishing for stripedand broadbill swordfish can be

found off, the east end during thesummer. Bluefin tuna, are sometimestaken south and west of the island,between Santa Catalina and SanClemente islands. The '"228-fathomspot," 5 miles northeast of AvalonHarbor, is -pod during late summer formarlin and swordfish. The "58- fathom

,spot" (also known as "14-mile bank"and Lasuen Seamount), about midwaybetween Avalon Harbor and Dana

'PoualoOdrithe mainland, is good forstriped, marlin, swordfish, andalbacore (July theough Septeniber).This bank also provides good fishingfor rockfishes. Southwest of the 58-fathom spot, toward Catalina and SanClemente islands. is another goodfishing, area for striped marlin andswordfish.

27

SAN CLEMENTE ISLAND

The large island or San Clemente(Chart 8) is about 70 miles west of themainland off Oceanside and about 45miles south of Long Beach. The entireisland is the property of the U.S. Navyand there are no civilian marinas orpublic access. Portions of thesurrounding waters are restrictedbecause of naval operations.

The island is about 18 miles longand from 21/2 to 31/2 miles wide; itshighest elevation is about 1,900 feet.The coastal shelf is narrow, par-ticularly on the northeast side. Theshore is rocky, and the bottom typesnearshore are t. mixture of rock, mud,and sand. ThieaType of substrate allowskelp to attach, and kelp patches arecommon with the -most prominentgrowths at the north end. Kelp also isfound along the west side with con-centrations around China Point andjust west of Pyramid Head at thesouthern end. Caution, must be

, exercised in fishing the south end ofthe island since it is frequently usedfor naval target practice. Informationon scheduled military activities andrestricted zones is published in thelocal Notice to. Mariners. Along thenortheast side, to' about 20 fathonis indepth, there is kelp. The kelp growth isclose tiNlapre owing to the sharp slope"of the bottom.

Sport fishing 'boats from the LosAngeles area frequent the island, and

..most of the fishing is at about thenorth end and along the east side.Species taken are listed on thb chart.Three well-known grounds are. :*SlideArea," "Purse Seine RoCk," and "FishHook"all on the east side. Goodfishing, is also found along the south-west side, although it is more exposedto the northwest winds and roughseas. Bluefin tuna sometimes are foundalong the 'southwest side, and albacoreale frequently caught south and so th_west of the island during the summer.

Avalon. Catalina Island

118* 40'

33'

OCEANWHI TEFISH

. _

+4' 'If" Alorrh»esr Hbr

W,/son Cove

OC

118°40'

FISHING AROUND ENT IREISLAND NOR T IA ANDEAST SIDE HAS THEMOST FISHING EFFORTSPECIES TAKENKELP BASSYELLOWTAILBARRACUDAROCKFISHSHEEPHEADBONITO

SOUTSIWES f COASTCOOL) F OR KELPBASS INSHORE,BLUEF IN TUNA°TAKEN OFFSHORE

1

118"20

YELLOWTAILBAR RACUDA

k

r.

CHART 8

5 Fishing Facilities,

Sportboot Operation

Kelp

Depth in fathoms

raoWEST END

--7,-----Cd,yOn-Z-3-: 'Ptland s ErS1

Eagi.

11, BAC, ,RE

_.41

Rk

isthmus \Cove

ironboundR,bbo

QuarrySn .pC

Statute P4 ,es2 t

I I I

20:Iv

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

Heal

YELLOWTAILc)- Aa(A

//4---ROCKF118' 20'

118' 20'

NORTH SIDEBARRACUDA, KELP SASS, BONITO,YELLOWTAIL, HALFMOON, SHEEPHEAD,WHI rE SEABASS, SAN DDAB

foo- SO_

>r,711IRks

CatabnaHbr\ V'

.c.)-crr:r. ,../rnicrISH \ 0,hit. 1PHEAD , \ 4, /it

0001'4

0/

FrARNSWOR BANK /SHEEPHEADROCKF-,SH arnse,rth Bank r,V, LP

33' scut__PIN20 BARRACUDA

BLUEFIN TUNAOCEAN WHITEFISHYELLOWTAIL

SOUTH SIDEBARRACUDA, BONI TO, KE LP BASS,SAND BASS, YELLOWTAIL, wi 117 ESEABASS, nocKnst-t(tirrov.,N TYPES),SIALFMOON, HALIBUT, ANDOCCASIONALLY BLUE FIN TUNA

Ben Weston Pt. '-^\'Frog RI\

"228 FATHOM SPOT"MARLIN AND SWORDFISH

sisb

STRIPED MARLINSWORDFISH(SOMET IMESALBACORE,BONITO ANDBLUEFIN TUNA)

at, ^

Strver Canyon

-.It. Y./0. Pt

_

28

ra

118' 20'

33"

21

V

di)

NORTHERN CALIFORNIAFrom Point Conception north, the coastline is rugged andrelatively unprotected from the force' of the sea andprevailing northwest winds. These winds deflect surfacewaters offshore, creating vertical currents that bring up cold,nutrient-rich bottom' water from the depths in a processcalled "upwelling." In northern California. majdr upwellingbegins in spring, and the inverted bottom water is often 5° to10°F colder than the sun-warmed surface water it replaces.This is why 'the seawater north of Point Conception isrelatively cold in summer compared to other areas in thesame latitude and why suTmer and winter sea temperaturesvary only a few degrees.

The weather along this coast is fairly uniform with earlymorning and evening fogs, cool weather during summer, andrainy winter The air temperature has no great peaks ordips during the course of the year.

Anglers, who fish the northern California coast should be

ft

6

J.

1

A

aware that sag and weather conditions can change rapidly,and some -areas can be extremely dangerous t. times. Checklocally before fishing unfamiliar territory nd take a tidebook with you. When choosing a shor ishing spot, firstobserve the waves along shore and, le fishing' alwaysglance up periodically to check sea conditions. The tide has away of corning in with unexpected rapidity, and one canbecome stranded very easily.. Never fish alone along un-protepted rocky stretches of the open coast; and when youplan a boating trip, always leave word about your destinationand when you ,expect to return. Reports ,-gie received eachyear of people swept from rocks and small boats overturnedby unexpected waves of great size, or swept out to sea bystrong currents. Experienced anglers, even those who (fish thesame area year after year, abide by these rules. They haveYearned to respect the inconsistent nature of the' sea alongthis rugged expanse of open coast.

23

9/Point Sal toPoint Piedras BlancAs

N

The section of coast described in Chart9 is the first major marine gamefishing area north of Point Conception.The coastline alternates betweenbroad sandy beaches and, rockyheadlands and is backed by low rollinghills. Shore anglers cast from sandybeaches for surfperch and bait castand poke-pole along rocky shores.Steelhead run up creeks Novemberthrough February during years ofheavy rainfall. Offshore bottomfishingis good year-round. and albacore:salmon, and bolu.te are available,seasonally. In soE years. whiteseabass also add to the sport catch.

In addition to angling, abalonepicking and clamming are very popularin this region. which has one of theheaviest concentrations of pismo clamsalong th3e California coast!

POIN F SAL 1(4 POINT BUCHON

The Sail Luis Obispo Day area hasoffshore bottomfishing for rock ishesand. to a lesser degree. lingcodcabezon. In general. blue, gopove, and copper rockfishes are takenin the nearshore skiff fishing areas.while bocaccio, rosy. vermilion.chilipepper. starry. and yellowtailrockfishes tend to dominate the partyboat catches farther offshore.California halibut are taken over sandybottom in San Luis Obispo Bay and

, areas to the south: bonito and whiteseabass are sometimes taken from .summer to late fall. Boats also go outfor chinook (king) salmon from earlyspring to midsummer when good runsdevelop, and occasionally a few cohosalmon are caught.

Fishing - is available at PismoBeach pier,, the .county pier in Avila.

24

and at the 'port San Luis pier.Jacksmelt. surfperches (genic°. walleye.silver. shiner. and barred). sculpin,white croaker, and young bocaccio.usually form most of the catch:sometimes queenfish and an oc-casional white seabass are landefi.Barracuda often are taken from thePismapien in September and October.

At the south end of Pismo BeachState "ark,--,surf anglers cast forbaited. 'calico. and silver surfperchesand jacksmelt. Farther north along therocky coastline between Shell Bepchand Avila. anglers fish from shore forkelp greenling, lingcod. and cabezon.At low tide, poke-polers at Shell Beachsearch rocky crevices for monkeyfaceeels, cabezon. and greenlings.

MORRO BAY AREA

Morro Bay. its picturesque fishingfleet set against the backdrop of a 576-foot-high .Morro Rock, is a town thatdraws many visitors during thesummer and fall. Party boats operateyear-round. weather permitting. Thecatch of the Morro Bay party boatfleet is similar to that of Avila boats,with albacore contributing to the sportcatch during the fall. Many sport boatsfish exclusively for this, species 'when itruns off the coast. and best fishing isusually in September: and earlyOctobersome years the run may lastwell into December. Albacore areknown to come as close as 6 milesfrom ihore, but fishing usually takes

,, place from 10 to 20 miles but.Small-craft fishermen fish the

' waters in and outside of Morro Bay* Harbor, but currents around the

harbor entrance and unpredictableweather make it advisable to checkwith the harbor mater at theMunicipal Pier f r information on

you plan to ventv outside the harbor.canneltides, currents, c annel areas, etc.. if

Inside Morro Bay, skiff anglers catchstarry flounder, California halibut,jacksmelt, leopard and brownsmoothhound sharks. rays. andwalleye. black. and shiner surfperches.Outside in the ocean. the small -boatcatch is similar to the nearshore partyboat catchblue. gopher. and copperrockfishes, cabezon, and lingcotl.. ,

There is pier. dock, and bankfishing -along the shares of Morro Bay'.for starry flounder, jacksmelt. andsurfperches (shiner. walleye, andblack). Some of the rocky coves alongthe causeway leading out to MorroRock are especially good for surf-perches (striped. walleye. black. andbarred). as well as starry flounder.cabezon, monkeyface eel, jacksmelt.and ,occasionally :lingcod The power-plant outfall on the north side of Morro

Rock is aiiother productive place to. fish :for surfperches. and infrequently

a striped bass wanders in, attracted

r),

by the warm discharge water. Fishingfrom the jetty at the harbor mouth isdiscouraged because of unpredictableseas at the ha r entrance.

Ocean-shor fishing for barredsurfperch takes lace along the sandyspit that separates the bay from thesea. This is also a popular clammingarea. ,Access is by way of a roadapproaching from the south (four-wheel-drive vehicles only) or by boat.A "Clam Taxi" based at the foot ofFourth' Street shuttles, passengersacross the bay to the spit whenweather permits.

AREAS 'FO THE NORTH

North of Morro Bay the shorelineis characterized by sandy beaches in-terrupted by rock- and boulder-strewnshores. affording excellent fishing.Calicp. silver. and barred surfperchesare taken along sandy shores, andfrom rocky stretches there is bait cast-,

,ing for cabezon, striped, surfperch,grass rockfish. and kelp greenling, andpoke-poling for eels.

At the Cayucos Pier. jacksmelt,white croaker. queenfish. staghornsculpin. and young bocaccio are. theusual fare. Starry flounder. surf-perches (wa,lleye, shiner, silver,barred. and spotfin), and an oc-casional swell shark also are caught.North of the pier there is rocky-shorefishing for kelp greenling, calico andsilver surfperches: and cabezon.Cayucos Beach has grunion runsduring spring and summer` and is thenorthernmost beach in California withgrunion runs.

Around the Point Estero area,

t.

LINGCOf '-ROCKFISHCABE Z ONPETRALE SOLESTARRY FLOUNDERCAL HALIBUT

-Sari Simeon

6

S

T.IffWF1 likkSE A SA/4 SIMEON ST. BEACH

//

GOOD SALMONFISHING WHENRUNS DEVFtOP

,/'Saari Rep C.

\\\ Cambria

Harmony IFF FISHING:4 ROCKFISH/ /II,.

.......) L 1 N(..t.( )1_, LING,CODkot krz)St 4 .........___......-..."--4' ' i'l CABEZON(..ABEZON

z ePE TfiA,E. SOLE ,,'STARRYT FLOUNOEP "///,t X>i, 1,1).L. MOT ../.,,

1,, 21_, 1I 1

4 5

'VW CO

,AL Mut.)HE" N

, \ t

NACIMIENTOLAKE

O

CAYUCOS ST. BEACH

Cayucos

MORROf`. TRAND ST ec

..vBEACH

(L.i. - /, .', .> I 1- 1,-2 ESTE

.,. ,, L. ,:- ,.. ,

BAY ATASCAKRO ST BEACH..,

... / ' , '' "Mari , z z Morro Bay

4/mo R RO. BAY ST. PARK:

CHART 9

Shoref ishing Areas

///,Bottomfishing Areos

5 Fishing Facilities

Sportboas Operation '

-' Kelp

'Depth in Fathoms

-111971

Atascadero

LINC.t.1)0ti1 CKPHSI-4CA BEZIINQCCASIC,NALLYBA PPACUL,ABnN1 GAt11IL ,LAF,ASS

10

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

Pt. Butt% MONTANA OF OROST. PARK '

SRIFF FISHING:LINGCODCABEZONBARRACUDABONITO `ROCKFISH

Sari Lujs:011ispo,

'ESPECIALLY,..GOODAREA,

FOR 'SA LMON-WHEN RUNS

e DEVELOP,ar

oim6 s 13 F.A.CH

GENERAL SALMON....../-11r.TROLLING ARCAI Mir,V),C01-1..) S..1._^./_): 1 r1",11 r","1 SJ

L

C IFORNIA HAITIBUT"WHITE SEABASS ,

San" 40,4 R, ,

1

64.401144 Guadalupe'Ott F14111$

PT SAL. ST. BEACH

.

1

3So

Santo Maria

nl

Route 1 swings inland through farmcountry' and there is no access toshore until you 'reach the Cambria-SanSimeon area. '

At San Simeon, anglers fish fromthe pier for starry flounder. Californiahalibut, 'skates, and surfpeiches(barred, calico, and silver), and oc-

, casionally catch a , salmon or asteelhead. There is shore fishingaround the mouths of streams forbarred and calico surfperches andlingcod; at times, these streams aregood for steelhead during years ofheavy fainfall.

Party boats operate from the SanSimeon pier during summer, fishingmostly for bottom species, althoughtrips are made for chiriook salmonwhen a good run develops. This sectionof the coast has. no skiff launchingfacilities, but small boats aresometimes launched over the beachesin calm w ther. Most skiff fishingtakes place f m May to September.

Along t the rocky stretch ofcoastline froni San Simeon Point northto Point Piedras Blancas, shore fishingis excellent fir surfperches (calico.barred, silver, 'and striped), kelpgreenling. grass rockfish, and cabezon.Most shore areas are open to thepublic.

North of Point Piedras Blancas thetopcigraphy becomes precipitous asRoute 1 winds its way toward thetowering cliffs of the Big Sur coast._There is little access to shore alongthis majestic route for over 60 milesuntil one reaches-Point Lobos and theCarmel-Monterey Bay area (Chart 10).

N

nt 'Monterey BayArea

Along this scenic stretch of Californiacoast (Chart 10) rainy days alternatewith days of crisp sunshine duringwinter, while spring brings blusteryweather as prevailing northwesterlywings intensify. ',During summer, fog,cools most of the coast, while autumndays are often warm and sunny as theonshore winds, decrease, bringing littlefog to the area. Ths weakher along thenorthern shore of Monterey Bay differssomewhat, particularly around SantaCruz', which is protected from theprevailing winds by the curve of theland. This. area is ,almost fog-freeduin summer.

Monterey Bay is an importantcreational fishing area, and an

mpressive number and variety ofmarine game fish are taken here. Mostsport fishing from party boats is forbottomfish (particularly rockfishes)although albacbre. bonito, and chinooksalmon also are landed in season. Insome years salmon are abundant inthe bay in spring and good fishing maylast till late summer. In general, themajor Marine sport fishes caught fromboats and from shore are rockfishes.chinook salmon, California halibut,Pacific sanddab, surfperches, lingcod,kelp greenling. White croaker, andalbacore.

. ,

26°32.

' Pacittc.prove

2 Monterey Harbor

3 " r- ivioss:1.a fi8in01,arblir

Kirby Pk., Elkhorn Slough '4

5 Seabliff -Pier ,

8 Capitolaier-

7 Santa Cruz Harbor

.8 Santa Cruz Pier\s.Stimfrutr only

"IntermOtently.. '

,

SHORE AND PIER FISHING

As one approaches the MontereyBay area from the south, there is littleaccess to shore along this ruggedsection of the coast as State Highway 1makes a gradual descent out of themountainous Big Sur country and thenpasses through rolling coastal hillsbefore dropping down to sea levelabout a mile south of Carmel. Wherethe shoreline can be reached there isexcelleniy rocky-shore fishing forlingcod, kelp greenling, cabezon,striped surfperch. and rockfishes (kelp,blue. grass, and olive).

Shore fishermen can reach thebeaChes of the Monterey Peninsulafrom the south by way of 17-Mile Drive(toll road),"which has a south entranceat Carmel, or by approaching from thenortheast through the town of Mon-terey. Along scenic 17-Mile Drive.shore fishing is allowed at FanshellBeach. lust with of Cypress Point, inPacific Grove at Asilomar State Beach.

122'00'ANO MID° 'it RaErwe

.

1 ,

Alt

a

k'Downpirt "

CAPITOLATWIN LAKES ST BEACH CAL. HALIBUT

ST BEACH - PACIFIC 5ANDDABWHITE CROAKERSanta/ NEW ettGHTON BLUE ROCKFISH

ST. BEACHCruz/ PETRALE 50LESTARRY FLOUNEIER

Copitota ApIos SABLEFISH ' , .

BRIDGES 0 7' i ,i 6'

SKIFkISHIND AREA;

NATURAL ,,. BROWN ROCKFISN

ST BEACH 0' . .0 z N. EA,.. r Fr ST: BEACH ..

6 "A i5 ,...E3...c, ,....c.. 4404. . ,

7-7,4", t...civ,"": s4 i,, +-',put, ,..4"..v1 MAN RESA

1-1, ST .13EACH

.

"I>

.z

1 '11

I

7L1

3 4 51

I I tI I I

: 0I

'12 3

N4t,<1 ...I.

i

I NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

L _

4

1 2C..

SUNSETST. BEACci.H. "

o o

', (0 SKIFF FISI1IN9 AREA4 SABLEFISH-"

4,0WHITE CROAKER

o

37!

511,

4

ROCKFISHzmumvslo staEAcir . HALIBUT IV:WE) '

el k STRIPED BASS (SOME)

Ogg]

l!,SAUNAS -RIVERST. BEACH

CostroviIlo

4Mess Landing

i .

/ RESTRICTED

AREA

.

/, 1

Pouf/,: I GrovASILOMAR -MONT

e / ST BEACH Mu

terey

Carmel4 .

CARMEL 'RIVER ST. BEACH

vc

Salinas

CHART 10

Shorefishing Areas

Bottomfishing Areas

3 Fishing Facilities

Sportboat OperationLittle Sur

Fishing Reefs

33I."

27

28

4

a

%

and between Point Pinos,and Lover'sPoint. Some of the more commonspecies taken by shore anglers at theselocations are striped surfperch, kelpgreenling, cabezon, and blue rockfish.Sometimes steelhead are caughtaround the mouth of the Carmel Riverin fall after heavy rains, but fishing,even at its best, is considered spotty.

The town of Monterey has twopublic piers, but most fishing takesplace from Municipal Pier #2 at theeastern end of the harbor. Here thecatch is young bocaccio, blue rockfish,surfperthes (sharpnose, pile, andshiner), jacksmelt, white croaker, and,some years, jack mackerel in summer.

&bad sandy beaches rim thecoast from the Monterey Peninsulanorth along the inner curve or the bayall the way to Seacliff State Beach:.Most beaches offer excellent fishingfor a variety of sandy-shore fishes.Striped bass sometimes are taken bysurf casters during the summer alongbeaches( from Monterey north to theSalinas River. (Check locally aboutfishing the Fprt Ord areabeachfrontrestrictions change from 4ay to day.)All beaches itorth of the Salinas Riveroffer. excellent surf fishing for sandsole. jacksmelt, and surfperches( red, calico, silver,' and walleye).Ther also is surf netting for nightsmelt in summer along beaches ad-jacent blMoss Landing.

At the entrance to Moss Landingharbor, anglers fish from_the jetty forsurfperches (rubberlip, black, pile,white, and walleye), starry flounder,and occasionally California halibut andstriped bass. There is also fishing froshore inside Elkhorn Slough for someof the surfperches above plus sharks,rays, sand sole, and starry flounder.

The northern end of Seacliff StateBeach, near Aptos, has a fishing pier(actually a cement ship) from whichanglers catch Racific sanddab, surf-

. perches (shiner, walleye, barred, andstriped), white croaker, jacksmelt,small bocaccio, jack mackerel (duringsome summers), and an occasionalCalifornia halibut, starry flounder,lingcod, salmon, and steelhead.

Rocky outcroppings and low bluffsbegin to interrupt sandy beaches northof Aptos, and rocky-shore fishes startto appear in the angler's catch, finallyreplacing sandy-shore fishes in im-portance as one proceeds westward.

34

1.

Capitola pier, which is mostlysandy bottom, the usual fare is

white croaker, jacksmelt, smallccio, walleye and shiner surf-

perches, cabezon, itaghorn ,sculpin,and an occasional banged surfperch.

To the west at the Santa CruzpieK anglers catch both rocky andsandy shore fishes such as surf-perches (white, shiner, walleye, and afew barred), lingcod, cabezon, youngbocaccio, kelp rockfish, topsmelt,jacksmelt, staghorn sculpin, skates,Pacific sanddab, sand sole, starryflounder, and white croaker. There isnow an artificial tire reef under thispiei. Rockfishes are taken from SantaCruz Small -Craft llarbor jetties, and insome years coho salmon and steelheadare taken around the mouth of the SanLorenzo Riyer.

From Natural Bridges State Beachnorth to Ano Nuevo Point the'shorelinechanges rather abruptly to apredominantly rocky coastline, and fogand blustery northwest winds onceagain sweep the coast. This rockyshoreline offers exctent shore fishingfor kelp greenling, cabezon, grossrockfish, and surfperches (calico,walleye, rainbow, striped, and silver).Where the rocky ehor in is brokenoccasionally by short s ches of,sandy beach, netters Work the surffrom Scott Creek northward fog surfand night smelts' frOm March toOctober.

PARTY BOAT FISHING

Commercial sport fishing boatsoperate year-round out of Montereyand, Santa Cruz and intermittently outof apitola and Moss Landing.

The fleet based at Monterey,which fishes mainly for rockfishes, hasexpanded its range over the past 10years. Boats now travel as far south asPoint Sur (a major fishing ground),whereas most fishing previously tookplace north of Castle Rock, Blue,'yellowtail, and olive rockfishesdominaie the party boat landingsalthough an assortment of other rock-fish species also contribute to thecatch. Those taken in the shallowernearshore areas along the kelp areblue, olive, black, copper, starry, androsy rockfishes. In deeper water spots,in Monterey Bay and .off Point Sur the'

yellowtail. blue. widow, bocaccio, andgreenspotted rockfishes predominate.Monterey party boat anglers also takelingcod, Pacific sanddab, Pacific bonito(in summer, September best). sablefish.and albacore (late summer). In mostyears.. albacore schools appear about10 to 15 miles offshore, usually inwater about 61° to 64°F.

Along the north shore of MontereyBay, Santa Cruz and Capitola partyboats fish over the rocky .reefs fromPoint Santa Cjuz north to Alio NuevoPoint for rockfishes. lingcod. andcabezon. The AZo..Nuevo grounds areexceptionally good for lingcod and blueand black rockfishes. Other rockfishesentering the party boat catch alongthis northern section of the coastinclude copper. olive, brown,yellowtail, widow, greenspotted.bpcaccio. and chilipepperthe lastfive in deepwaer areas. Party boatsalso go after chinook salmon duringthe season when good runs develop(best catches usually in May andJune). Along the north shore. the partyboats catch other fi such asbonito. sablefish. petr ole, rocksole, Pacific sandda and kelpgreenling.

SKIFF FISHING

Most of the Monterey Bay areaskiff catch is made up of severalspecies of rockfishes, Pacific sanddalf.chinook salmon. and lingcod. Mostsmall-boat fishing' takes place insideMonterey Bay. although on calm drysMonterey skiff anglers occasionallyventure out around the peninsulabetween Point Pinos and Cypress Pointto fish for lingcod and some of thenearshore rockfishes, or try their luckin Carmel Bay. .

Inside Carmel Bay. skiffs workalong the edge of the kelp for lingcodand rockfishes; snmetimes, in summer,

jack mackerel 41c1 bonito mako,ashowing in the bay. Occasionally,salmon are taken when a good rundevelops. Skiff anglers making the triparound the Monterey Peninsula toCarmel Bay are warned that thereturn trip can be extremely rough, ifnot impossible, on all but the calmestdays.

Within Monterey Bay. from earlyspring to late summer, skiff anglers

4'

troll for chinook Salmon in areasshown"on the chart. Pacific sanddabsare plentiful over sandy bottom, andCalifornia halibut are taken trollingjust beyond the surf line duringsummer and fall. The area south of theSalinas River is closed, by the militarywhen Fort Ord target ranges are in k-

use, so check locally before fishing thissection of the bay. Warning flags ereflown from the Coast Guard break-water in Monterey when this area isrestricted.

Skiff anglers out of Moss Landing onElkhorn Slough fish both the tidewatersection of the slough and outside in ,Monterey Bay. The area around the ;entrance is particularly good forPacific sanddab, sablefish, whitecroaker, and occasionally Californiahalibut. Salmon trolling is very popularwith Moss Landing skiff anglers. whoactively fish in the bay for chinoolisalmon during the season (June ajtellJuly considered best). Surfperches areparticularly abundant inside theslough, the most common speciesbeing rabbet*. black, pile, white. andwalleye. Jacksmelt, sand sole, staghornsculpin. starry flounder, and sh'arksand rays also are common in theestuary. A shark derby is held in Moss

,1Landing each year.To the north and west, skiff ,

anglers who fish off Capitola bring it.wlmixed catch of blue rockfish, whitcroaker, Pacific sanddab, jacksmeland California halibut. Boats also workthe area off the Seacliff pier and to the.south for California halibut. starryflourVer. white croaker, petrale sole,and sablefish. To thewest, Santa Cruzsmall-boat anglers fish mainly the reefand kelp areas for rockfishes (blue,grass. and brown), lingcod, andcabezon. or troll along the sandy Lbeaches to` the east for halib,ut in 7summer. During the salmon seasonboats work the area between SunsetBeach and Davenport.

29

(----/II Approaches toSan Francisco Bay

Chart 11-' covers the,ocean approachesto the major port city of Saa Fran-ciscofishing inside San FranciscoBay is covered separately. (See Chart12.)

The climate along this coast iscool and temperate with little seasonalvariation in air temperature. Duringsummer. San 'Francisco's famous fogfunnels in through the Golden Gatemornings and evenings. drawn.inlandby the warming of the Central Valley.

Most offshore recreational fishingis for chinook salmon from springthrough fall, although bottomfish tend+0 dominate the sport catch in areassouth of San Pedro Point where salmonruns occur less predictably. In mostyears, migrating albacore are takenaround the Farallon Islands in fall.

PIGEON POIN I TO pr.F MOON BAY

The main angling activities fromPigeon Point to Bean Hollow State Park(once Arroyo de los Frijoles and PebbleState beaches) are rock fishing andpoke-poling from shore. From BeanHollow State Park north to Pillar Pointthe shore is alternately sandy beachand rocky outcroppings. Along thiscoast, striped bass begin to enter theshore anglers' catch during summerand early fall; some of the betterlocations are Pescadero State Beach,San Gregdrio State Beach, Martins.Beach, and Half Moon Bay StateBeaches. These are also good areas forsurfperches (calico, silver, and oc-casionally redtail) and for netting surfand night smelts (March to October).

Pillar Point Harbor on_Half MoonBay is 'the major recreational fishing -port j along this section of coast, andparty boats based at the harbor fish

30

f\

over nearshore and offshore reefs forlingcod, cabezon, and iockfishes (blue,copper, olive, and ye lowtail).Occasion 1 bottomfish trips re madeto the Fa allon Islands and scoreare so imes taken west or theFarall s from August to October.Small- oat anglers actively fish forsalmon whei#the fish 'make a showingnearshore, or fish on the bottomaround the entrance to the harbor andnorth 'along Pillar Point for rockfishes(blue, black, canary, capper, -*lendolive), lingcod. cabezon, and whitecroaker.

Inside Pillar Point Flarbor, anglersfish from the Princeton pier for Pacificsanddab, white croaker, surfperches(silver, walleye, and shiner), jacksmelt,topsmelt, brown smoothhotnd shark,skates, staghorn sculpin, and rock-fishes. (brown, small bocaccio,%; andkelp).= Anglers also fish from the eastand west jetties that partially enclosethe harbor. At theiwest jetty the catchconsists mainly of striped surfperch,kelp greenhng, cabezon, grass rockfish,and occasionally lingcod. From the

'east jetty, they catch sandy bottomspecie's such as white croaker, parryflounder, sand sole, and rubberlipsurfperch.

\ -

MA AR POINT NORTH TO THE GOLDEN GATE

North of Pillar Point the coastbecomes rocky once again i ntil youreach°, Montara State Beachanarrow, coarse-sand beach backed bysandstone bluffs. Here surf casterstake surfperches (silver, redtail, .andCalico' and ,catch striped bass duringthe summer.

North of the State Park, Highwayis above steep sandstone cliffs and

access to shore is difficult, if notdangerous, especially around theDevils Slide area. Many hikers havelost t*eir lives on this unstable cliff,and the hazaidous warning signsshould be` eeded.

At Point San Pedro on ShelterCove, skiffs can be rented and launch-ed when weather permits. The areaoff the Point is especially good forrockfishes (black, blue, and' canary),lingcod, and white croaker. Miringgood salmon years, Chinook are landedoff the Point in spring and summer;striped bass are taken from boats andfrom shore during late summer andfall.

The coast north of Point San Pedrohas no party %oat operations, skiffrentals, or launching facilities; allthese facilities are in San FrancisCoBay .(Chart 12). However, a' publicfishing pier. has been constructedrecently at Pacifica. From Pagificanorth it the Golden Gate the coast ismostly sandy beach, and it is alongthese beaches that the heaviest runs ofstriped bass ACcur in the surf. The

36

map shows some of the more popularfishing spots, although this entire coastis good for striped Mass when they arerunning. One of the most heavily fishedplaces is Bakers Beach near -theGolden Gate Bridge. These oceanbeaches are also good bait-castingareas for redtail surfperch duringwinter and spring, and, at times, forjacksmelt _ and other surfperches(silver, calico,-and walleye).

The Gulf of the Farallons is fishedprimarily by San Francisco Bay partyboats and occasionally, boats from Half.Moon Bay. This area produces themost Consistent' ocean spoil fishing forsalmon.in the State7Most fishing igibrchinook salmon, although some co palso are landed. The, season extendsfrom, mid-February through mid-November (check, State regulations),and there are two major chinookrunsone in the spring- and one in the

, fell.' During the height of the springrun froin_ about March to June, mostfishing occurs offsho e betweenDuxbury, Reef and the Far on nds,while from-July to mid-Octo er the share taken clover to shore. The mostproductive area for large fall-tunChinook extends from the San Fran-cisco light, buoy, or "light buckeC"famer site of the San Franciscolightship, to the Marin County beachesand north to Duxbury Reef, where k

`fishing is best from July throughSeptember. The Golden Gate area,'especially around Mile Rock and thesouth tower of the bridge", is also agood fishing spot in midsummer andfall for striped bass and occasionallysalmon.

When salmon are not running,boats may fish for rockfishes(yellowtail,ebocaccio, copper, blue, andvermilion), and lingcod around theFarallon Islands, and occasionally-travel as far west as Cordell Bank.about 20 miles west of Point Reyes.

t

0.

' f PO ton, Half,Moon B.

2 I *i San Pedro point,

3 Pacifica Pier

*Launching skid forienialboatsonly.Caridpboats

to lauiechodRom beach,

123

4 ,

Pt ^7e),1

TO 'OR (ILL 1: BANKROOKT ISH

(E ELLtN1 801 TOMPJS G, T 1-4OUGTi NOT (

IgHED)

TU rt hi) TSANU1),A33

rrTh

GENERALSALM TROLLING AREAMIGFEBRUARY TO tylIDINOVEMBERCHINOOK ANO OME COHO (SILVER)SALMON

O

3730

et\ .461!61,

746,

4

L.; ti

Kr tt.p ,

SLUT-SF T A'COPPt ,B,),:ALL

r\

OAL.C.TAC rjr 4

123100

CHART 11

A, a. AIL Shorefishing Areas

Bottomfishing Areas

'3 Fishing Facilities

101. Sportboat Operation C

Kelp

Depth in Fothoms

0

ti

STRIPED BSALMON

.7 0 ,15,

-z.-

A:74_,

HALIBUT(SEAL ROCKS)

0 STRIPEDBASS

'NOOK SALMONti 0 NOV)

1 0"A'

SKIFF AREAROCKFISHLINGC00

iNOOK SALMONWHITE CPOAKER

STRIPED BASS

ROC ST4

LINGC,'_)0 9"/

ROCKFISHt_INGCOrD

A BE ION,

OCCASIONALLY SALMONRD, KFtsi.4 PUNS OLCUR NE APSH(RE,....,

//,I I fIGCJI) f-IWOM SAN F RANCISCOT // / 'OU TH if ) SANTA CRUZ\ : ///7

// '2"

''' 1V'1/2/ //

Statute Miles

° 1 2 3 4

\ 1 .11 1 1

Nak,t.cal A0 I 2 3 4

10

to

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

0 F

ANDN (.; C)14,,,,ad.,9 Pt

122' -v)

a 31

There is some skiff fishing -forchinook salmon off Muir and Stinsonbeaches in late summer, but weatherand sea often restrict small-boatfishing in the ocean. Fourfathom Bank(also called Potato Patch Shoal) canget particularly rough on windy days,but in calm weather this sandy shoalahea is a good fishing spot forCalifornia halibut and striped bass.California -.halibut are also takenaround Seal ,Rocks and to the south(July and August best).

SHORE FISHING NORM cm. 1 LIE GULDEN GAT

Only a 'limited amount of shorefishing takes place along the ruggedrocky coast from the Golden GateBridge north to Stinson Beach. Accessis difficult in most places, and much ofthe beachfront land is privately owned.Striped bass occasionally are caughtfrom shore in summer and fall alongisolated sandy coves near the GoldenGate (Fort Baker, Fort Barry. FortCronkite, and at Muir Beach). FromMuir Beach to Stinson Beach, whererocky shores can be reached, anglersfish for blue rockfish, lingcod. cabezon,kelp greenling, and surfperches, orpoke-pole for monkeyface eels at-lowtide. This stretch of coastline can bedangerous duribg rough weather; it isadvisable to fish here only on calmdays and always keep an eye out forchanging sea conditions.

At Stinson Beach State Park,rocky shores abruptly give way to a\-long and wide expanse of sandy beachwhere surf anglers cast for surf-perches (redtail, silver, and walleye).

There is no $shing in BolinasLagoon. The State Health Departmenthas quarantined this shallow tidalembayment for an indefinite periodbecause of its heavily polluted waters.Occasionally, striped bass are taken atthe entrance of fhe lagoon, but fishingis generally spotty. Most of the rockysemiexposed reef area at DuxburyPoint has been designated a Marine\Reserve; however, shore fishing isallowed. .

To the north along the sandyshores of the Point Reyes Peninsula,there is bait casting for r,edtail, cali-co, walleyed and silver surfperches.

32

12 San Francisco Bay

San Francisco Bay (Chart 12),California's largest estuary, technicallyis divided into three connect*/baysSan Francisco Bay proper, SanPablo Bay, and Suisun Bay. These bays

' receive large volumes of freshwater'runoff from the extensive Sacramentoand San Joaquin River systems thatdrain California's Central Valley andhave their source in the SierraNevada. In general. most of the SanFrancisco Bay system is veryshallowthe average depth is 20

/feetand there are extensive mudflatsin San y.ablO Bay and south SanFrancisco Bay.

The two most sought-after gamefishes in the San Francisco Bay areaare the qtriped bass and chinooksalmon. Most 'salmon fishing takesplace in the ocean outside the Golden,Pate (see Chart 11), while SanFrancisco Bay is practically theunrivaled domain of the striped bassangler. Other fishes such as sturgeon,starry .flounder. surfperches,jacksmelt, topsmelt, white croaker,rockfishes, sharks, and rays also offera great deal of sport to Bay Areaanglers.

The angler certainly will not findthis area lacking in recreationalfishing facilities. Piers, skiff rental

38

1

2

'4

5

7

8

9

10

11

,1213

14

15

161,17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

3031 :II32

33

34 -035

36

37

384.11

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

4 484

Kappas Yacht Harbor

Sausalito Boat &Thckle

Clipper Yacht Harbor

'hurley Street Ramp

.Sausalito Yacht HarborFort Baker

Fort Point, Presidio

Golden Gate Y. H., S.F.

S.F. Small Craft Harbor

Fisherman'S Wharf Area

Pier #7, San FranciscoFerry Building, S.F.

Mission Rock Area. S.F.

Hunter's Point, S.F.

Oyster Point

Coyote Point

("San Mateo PierRedwood Creek

Ng...41- to-Harbor

(AlvisoSan Lbandro Marina

Doolittle Drive

Grand Street, Alameda

Pacific Marina, Alameda

Ballena Y.C., Alameda'

Oakland Inner HarborOakland Marina

Oaklancr4nner Harbor

jack London Marina

Emeryville Marina

Berkeley Marhia

Richmond Harbor

Red Rock Marina

San Pablo Yacht Harbor,

Rodeo

Crockett, Dowrolio's

White's Resort

Martinez

Benicia Pub. Boat Ramp ,

Valle]

.

Vallejo Heights

Vallejo MUnicipal Pier

Dutchman Slough.

Mud Slough,,,soo,

Petaluma River

Canines Creek,China Camp

Loch Lomon'dMarina

San Rafael Creek

Paradise Pier

Angel island StateParlc,

ee

NOVOttl

I/ /30:Cq ,

S TURGEON,ko a/3, 1f>

Cr.

ts.

HAMILTONMR FORCE

BASE

STRIPED BASSSTURGEONSTARRY Ft DER

\t.:101 IOSS

41

oSTURGEON STRIPED BASS

STARRY FLOUNDER

San Rafael ChinaComp

4645

44

STSED BASSAND SOMESTURGEON ;\

Mill VolleyCHINOOK

SALh

STURGE

Sausalito

S i2

4 /

47Tibor°

29

3940 Ilejo riff

17 38

37 41/900ii)36

,

° STU Pr.:EONBENICIAST. RECREATION

AREACARQUINEZSTR.AITS35 AND sutsuN BAY:

STRIPED BASStoo' STURGEON

STARRY FLOU31so

DO

6')

Crockett t

STUR ,EONSTRIPEDBASS

Son Pablo

Pinole

80'

Port CostaBenicia

A

)INST.PARK

BAKERS -*".. tBEA2H ,01

.C.

9SAN FRANCISCO

10

Daly City

SanBruno

13

yr

Burlingame

29

berkel

RICHMOND-28

P SE

El Cerrito

eke* Manna

BERKELEY27

',erratic Men;rr177

2G

M 25

Si ;Pr

12

22MAME DA

Mr,/\\:1 ST

r,I '

BEAC

23I

ClIfx11,Pt

Oyster P.

StirAPH., SKIA E

PAY', CI)-AF Dr HI I

cer.MADE PT,I

ArF

WeN5RT BA

14

San. Mateo

Cot

\16.

E 1N7E

,A

:-24

OAKLANDAIRPORT

20

Statute Milts2 3 40

1

t

2 3 s 40 5Neutecil MMs

NOT TO BE USED FOR tiAVIGATIONSee NOS Nabbcat Ckerts

OAKLAND

L e:indro

San ,Leandro

19

Santainzo

334

38 Martinez

UNSUN

/Z.e6bA

CHART 12

Shorefishing Areas

Bottomfishing Areas

2 Fishing Facilities

tai Sportboat Operation

Kelp

Deptb in Fathoms

39

San

MateoFoster ity

Redwo

City

-46

Mona Park

Palo Alto

SAN

STRIPED fiASS

17

/SALT

EVAPORATORS

ont

' d ON

v.;0

33

concessions, and launching facilitiesare scattered around the bay'sperimeter, and over 100 party boatsoperate out of Bay Area ports. There

. are sizable sport fishing fleets nearFisherman's Wharf in-San Francisco.long the Sausalito waterfront, and atlonge Berkeley a,nd EmeryNe marinas.any of these boats fish out in the

ocean for chinook and coho salmon;some make 'rockfish trips to theFarallon Islands; and most also fish forstriped bass when good runs develop.In the northern reaches of the bay.Sarty boats opereling out of San Pabloay and Carquinez Strait ports fish

exclusively for riped bass. sturgeon.and starry flow er. Charters usuallycan be arran at harbors fromwhich boats operate. although in San'Francisco, trips are usually arrangedthrough bait and tackle shops, becauseof parking and other logistics problemsin the city.

Si RIPE n 6 55

Striped, bass spawn from aboutApril to mid-June in fresh waters of theSacramento and San Joaquin rivers.After spawning, the fish move backdown into the saltwater bays; some

nture out into the ocean. They spendhost of the summer and fall in saltwater before returning once again tobrackish-water and frashwater sloughsand rivers. Although best fishing timesvary_ with area, in general, the fishingseason extends from March toDecember, with best fishing from mid-August to November. October has beenthe best stripelL bass fishing monthconsistently pinff1969.

In San Pablo Bay. CarquinezStrait, and Suisun Bay, striped bassare caught year -round with best

34

ti

fishing usually in October 'andNOvember, with a lesser run of fish inJune, July, and August. Most springand summer fish are caught trolling inthe late afternoon. Fell-run, fish arecaught still fishing of drifting.'primarily with live bait such assteghorn sculpin (known locally as"bullheads ").

In the Napa River and nearby,brai,Lsh- er sloughs 'along thenorthern s ore of San Pablo Bay.striped bass are caught throughout theyear although weatisee-- sometimesrestricts fishing during .the witermonths. Best times are consideOf tobe September. October. and November,peaking usually in late October. Fishare taken by bait fishing and trollingfrom boats; bait casting from shore.

Within San Francisco Bay pr.oper,in such areas as, the Golden 'GateBridge (south tower), Raccoon Strit(over Raccoon Shoal), Berkeley flats,and off Alcatraz and Treasure islands,fishing usually starts in June andextends through October intoNovember. Most fish are caught aftermid-August. with peak catches inOctober. A* popular fishing method isdrifting with live bait '('anchovies orshiner surfperch) in areas where anabrupt change in depth occurs andwhen ahe current is running swiftest.

40

Anglers also troll for stripers.' andsome will even get out their plugcasting gear when a surface-feedingscbool is located. 'From Angel Islandiuhth to The &others, good Oriped.bass- fishing can usually be fiad inSeptember. October, nd November bydrifting live, bait and trolling as fish

ate- through on their way, back toSacnamento-San Jtiaquin Delta. 4.'Shore and pier fishermen- cast ,

lures and bait for stripers fromselected spots on both sides of the bay.(See chart for shore-fishing areas andpiers.) Shore fishing at night forstriped bass is now legal in the Bay. --40

The striped bass sasai in southSan Francis'eo Bpy extends from Junethrough September. 14 some yearsfishing may last. un ovember orDecember. Fishing usually reaches apeak around the San Mateo Bridgearea in June and July and around theDumbarton Bridge in Septem i er andOctober. Most striter fishipg. southSan giancisco Bay is a trollin affairwith some plug casting when a schoolis found. also, a growing number ofanglers are fly fishing from shore forstriped bass in spring and agmnrin latesummer around San Francisco Airportand Coyote Point.

STURGEOV

Sturgiten fishing has become verypopular in the Bay Area over ...theyears. especially in San Pablo Bay,garquinez Strait, and Suisun Bas,'.' A

all but growing sturgeon fishery isalso developing in Bout San Francisco

* Bay from off Oyster Po t (San BrunoShoals) south to the ent nce of AlvisoSlough. Both green and whitesturgeons are taken; the whitesturgeon is the most prird.

./

Although sturgeons are caughtthroughout the year in the upper bays,best fishing is usually in the fall andwinter when the biggest fish are taken.In-San Pablo Bay. they appear to movein over the flats in early fall, andfishing usually lasts from November toMay, with best catches from aboutJanuary to March. Theilats along thenorth side of the bay from the MareIsland jetty ("Rockwall") to China'Camp are especially productive at hightide during the winter. Other goodspots in San Pablo Bay are the "pumphouse" and around the odd-numbered'buoys that mark the north side of themain channel which cuts through themiddle of the bay. There is'''also yearround fishing in Carquinez Strait overthe flats along the northern shore.Smaller fish taken are in summer,larger ones in winter.

In Suisun Bay, fishing usuallystarts in spring around April and lastsuntil October or November, about thetime of the first rains. In summer, mostSuisun sturgeon are sublegal size (lessthan 40 inches long) with about 1

"keeper" out of every 10 caught.Larger fish are taken.in the fall. The"mothball fleet" and tKe channel buoysalong the-edges of sand bars near theentrance to the bay are good areas tofish.

In south San Francisco Bay. fromSan Bruno Shoals south to .,AlvisoSlough, the season extends from aboutNovember to ; March. Early season

fishing is usually best in the northerlyareas; late season fishing is usuallybest in the more southerly areas alongthe edge of the channel.

Sometimes during the Pacificherring runs, which occur anytimebetween December and March,sturgeons are taken from boats andshore in the central part of the bay insuch areas as Richardson Bay andalong the Sausalito waterfront.

O1-HLR BM SPORT FISHES

Although most salmon are takenoutside the Golden Gate, migratingchinook salmon sometimes are caughtdeep trolling with whole anchovies inthe area from the Golden Gate toRaccoon Strait and off the TiburonPeninsula north to the RichmondBridge during late summer. The areaoff the eastern side of the TiburbnPeninsula (called "California City" byanglers) is heayily fished when theSalmon are running.

Sharks, skates, and rays areplentiful throughout the bay;, some ofthe more common types are leopard,brow smoothhound and sevengills arks, spiffy dogfish, bat ray, and bigskate. These are especially numerousin south San Francisco Elay all year.Most fishing, however, takes place insummer and fall.

Starry flounder are abundant.'especially over the flats in San Pabloand Suisun bays and in the NapaRiver and adjacent sloughs. Many aretaken in these areas, and throughoutthe bay system. by shore and skiffanglers (winter 'and spring best).

An assortment of surfperches alsoare taken in Safi FranciscoBaymostly from piers and fromshore. Spring is considered the best

41

season. Some of the more commonspecies are shiner. walleye, White,rubberlip, black, pile, striped, andrainbow surfperches.

Other fish prevalent in the pierand shore catch include white croaker("kingfish"), staghorn sculpin("bullhead"), jacksmelt. topsmelt,English sole, sand sole. small lingcod,and brown and black rockfishes. In"addition, Pacific herring are takenwith dip' nets during their spawningruns in winter (December to March)..In some years the herring run will lastfor weeks; in other years the fish willshow up sporadically. The appearanceof great numbers of gulls and otherseabirds usually heralds the event. Atthis ' time there is also a smallrecreational fishery for herring eggs-on-kelp, which some consider adelicacy. The most popular shoreareas to dip net and collect herringeggs-on-kelp are alonglithe Sausalitoand Tiburon waterfronts.

35

O

4p,

13/ Point Reyes to Fort Ross

Along this rural and often wind-swept'part of the coast (Chart 13), partyboats operate year-round, weatherpermitting. out of Bodega Harbor andDillon Beach. Most offshore fishing isfor bottomfishparticularly rockfishesor "rock cod." Some boats also fish forchinook salmon when the fish arerunning, but, in general, salmon ap-pear less predictably here than off SanFrancisco and areas to the north.

The range of the party boat fleet' extends,-south to off Point Reyes and

north to Fort Ross. Areas mostfrequented by the fleet are TomalesPoint, the 27-fathom /reefs off thewestern shore of Point Reyes' Penin-sula, and areas north along the coastfrom Bodega Head to Fort/ Ross.Occasionally, special trips are made toCordell Bank, about 23 miles south-west of the Bodega Harbor entrance.Most of the party boat catch is madeup of rockfishes (yellowtail, blue,yelloweye or turkey-red, chilipepper,bocaccio. canary, black, and copper).Other rocky:bottom fishes such ascabezon and lingcod also are caughtalong with an occasional chinook.Lingcod ppear to be more plentiful inthe nort rn argas off Fort Ross thanin areas the fouth, and flatfish aresometimes taken incidentally as boatsdrift over from rocky to sand bottom.

North of Tomales Point and inTomales Bay the salmon season is openall year but fishing for chinook is oftenerratic even at,th\t,. peak of the season(July, August, and SeptembertCohomake a modest showing aroundOctober and November.

SKIFF FISHING

Skiff fishing is generally limited tothe confines ,pf Tomales Bay andaround thp/ entrance to Bodega

or 36

Harbor. Experienced boat anglersfamiliar wig the area sometimesventure fartheritt to fish for salmonor bottomfish. but this practice is notwithout its risks. Many people (up to13 in 1 year) have lost their lives atthe entrance to Tomales Bay. wherehuge waves are known to appear andcapsize boats with little warning.Strangers to the area would do well tostay within the protection of the bay.

Inside Tomales Bay. small-boatanglers fish for sharks and rays,California halibut (June to October),sand sole, turbot, jacksmelt (Septemberto November best), and an assortmentof surfperches. Sharks are rerrticularlyplentiful in the bay, and every year aShark and Stingray Derby.is sponsoredby local civic .groups. Striped basssometimes are caught in the southernreaches of the bay in summer. Thelower bay also has a small run of cohosalmon which are caught trollingduring October and November, andsome steelhead are taken as they maketheir way to Papermill Creek to spawn(November to February).

In Bodega Harbor, a narrowchannel cuts through this shallowlagoon to the boat basin at the town ofBodega Bay and into deeper water atthe harbor's northwest corner. Thereis a limited amount of skiff fishig forsurfperches, and starry flounder indeepwater parts of the lagoon, andsteelhead occasionally are takenaround areas of freshwater seepage.

To the north, skiffs and launchingare available at Jenner on the RussianRiver. In addition to winter steelheadand salmon fishing (September toNovember), there is skiff fishing insidethe tidal lago6n for surfperches andstarry flounder. Small boats do notventure into the ocean because theoutlet, or "bar,"- at the Russian Rivermouth is often too narrow, for skiffs.

SHORE FISHING J

Selected areas of this coast offermany different types of shore fishing,

.including casting along sandy beachesfor redtail and other kinds of surf-perches, pier and dock fishing in baysand harbors, stream and river fishingfor salmon and steelhead, poke-polingand bait casting along rocky shores,and netting smelts around river andcreek mouths. Spring and earlysummer are best for surfperches,steelhead fishing is best in fall andwinter following heavy rains, cohosalmon appear in the fall from Sep-tember to Novernbrv, surf and nightsmelts are netted March throughOctober, and most rocky-shore fishesare taken year-round.

The sandy beaches along the PointReyes Peninsula provide good surffishing for redtail, calicp, and walleyesurfperches. Most of the peninsula is

r.

.

s -rr ,k s

46 c* 45- 44

1

2

3

4

5

Inverness

Ibmales Boat Basin

Marcoiii Cove-

Marshall

North Shore Boats. Nick's Clive, Miller Park

Lawson's Landing ^

Doran i'arklg

Tides Wharf

Shaws Marina

Westside Park

9

10

11

12 Tenn

within the boundaries of the PointReyes National Seashore, and though--much of the land is still under theprivate ownership of ranchers, somebeaches are open to the public and itis expected that even more shore areaswill be open in the future.

Along the Tomales Bay shore, pierand dock fishing is available at someof the small-boat harbors and wharvesu,_./Jacksmelt and surfperches (pile,walleye, shiner, and black) are themost common pier-caught species. At-the very southern end of the bay, cohosalmon are taken -near the entrance ofPapermill Creek (October to Novem-ber), and winter steelhead fishing isoften productive in deep pools justinside the creek mouth.

On the eastern shore, near theentrance to Tomales Bay, redtail andrubberlip surfperches are taken byshore casting along beaches north ofSand Point, and fishing is excellent forrockfish and greenlings Where thesandy beach gives way to apredominantly rocky coastline north ofDillon Beach. This is, also a good placefo poke-poling monkeyface eels andother crevice-seeking fish. Anglersusually reach this shore area by hiking

,north from Dillon Beach, since most ofthe land adjacent to this rocky stretchof coast is privately owned.

The next opportunity for shore

CHART. 13

Shorefishing Areas

12 jhor3 Fishing Facilities

Kelp

AB* 38

15

(Th

SONOMA

COAST

Dura ST, BEACHES

Mu

Depth in Fathoms

SALMONSTEELHEAD

4.,53 loop

Salmon Creek

Bodego Bay

Doran Beach

ST RY FLOUNDER NOT TO SE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

CT

Fr)

t ,r2L.4i_l_ BANKHUC KF !Sri, 2 3

...MILLS (1U I", 210' F130 DEG A HARBottFN-rt),ANCE,

1 '

U1

r..

Dillon 'Beach

DANGEROUS SAND 8AR *UMWLaredony .ROCKFISHLand GREENLY Or

1'9 Pr 7 STEELHEAD

Nicks Cave- TOVIALES BAY:0

6 CALIFORNIA HALIBUT5 DIAMOND TURBOT

PACIFICBAT RAYSURRPERCHCOHO SALMON`STRIPED BASS

'SHARKSMatsholl4

SiEELHEADInvereess COHO SALMON

1-ekt304110

Olemo

OUNOERTURBOTSAN DOA B

fishing as you approach Bodega Bayfrom the south is found at DoranBeach Park. Most fishing takes placearound the east jetty at the mouth ofthe harbor where the usual fare isshiner and silver' surfperches.jacksmelt, starry flounder, rockfishes,and greenlings. Anglers also. fish frOmthe west jetty on the .other side of theharbor entrance fOr the same species.

In the town of Bodega Bay thepublic is allowed to fish from the localwharf where the main species takenare jacksnielt, young bocaccio. andsurf perches (shiner. rubberlip. andblack). There is some fishing along thebreakwater on the western shore ofBodega Harbor for shiner and rub-berlip surfperches and black rockfish.

On beaches along the -STnoinacoast. anglers catch surf perches,lingcod, rockfishes. and flounder. Thisstretch of coast also is good for nettingsurf and night smelts around tht,mouth of coastal streams. Steelhefdand a few salmon sometimes are takenfrom these streams.

In the Russian River. migratingsteelhead are caught just inside themouth of the river from the southbank. anct in selected areas upriver.Striped bass and sturgeons oc-casionally are landed from boats in theestuary and from the beach adjacentto the river mouth. Surfperches andflounders are taken in the tidal lagoonsection, and runs of chinook haveoccurred in the river during latesummer and early fall in the last fewyears.

North of Jenner the coast becomessteep and rugged, and most of the landis privately owned. At Fort Ross StatePark and areas to the north where theshore can be reached, anglers cast forrockfishes. gpeenlings. cabezon,surfperches. and occasionally lingcod.This rocky coastline is also verypopular with skin divers and shorepickers who hunt for red abalone.

38 ,

t4 Fort Ross toCape Mendocino

From Fort Ross to Cape Mendocino(Chart 14) the shoreline is pre-dominantly rocky backed by highgrassy bluffs. These i&ggki headlandsare sharply indented wit numerousgulches, and public access ,to shoreocdurs infrequently because of thesteep terrain and the many priptelyowned- areas adjacent to the coast.Most shore fishing occurs at ,coves -andbeaches where coastal streams andrivers epty into the sea. Winters arewet and `chilly. and in summer thecoast is usually fogbiRmd. Fall is thesunniest and most pleasant time ofyear.

Most ocean sport fishing takesplace out of the town of Fort. Braggand to a lesser extent at Albion, PointArena, and Shelter Cove. Bottomfishingalong this rocky coast is excellefit, andsalmon trolling is very popular.

Where the shore can be'reached,rock anglers seek lingcod, cabezon,and spell rockfishes, and where rocky,shore? are interrupted by stretches ofsandy beech, surf casters fish forredtail -surfperch during spring andsummer (April and May are con-sidered best). Surf netters work thebreQkers for surf and night smeltsaround the mouths of streams: bestCatches of night smelt.are made fromFebruary to April. and for surf (day)smelt. from April through Alfgust.Steelhead run in rivers between earlyDecember and end of Februacy, withfishing usually at its peak around NewYear's day.

Fog t Ross to PoIN I ARENA ,

The first access to shore north ofFort Ross is at Salt 'Point State park.which has a small bIuff-protected cotewhere skiffs can he launched' over the

44

beach in i\e\lm weather. Fishing is notallowed inside this cove (Gerstle Cove),but when weather and sea arefavorable: anglers venture out aroundthe rocky points on either side of thecove in search of lingcod, blue rock-fish, kelp greenling, and fipbezon.

From Salt Point trcuithila: allland is kart of a private developmentof houses and rental units, althoughthere is public access to a tiny stretchof rock- and driftwood-strewn beach atthe northern end of the development.

The Gualala River has excellentruns of winter steelhead. and thetidewater section is a popular fishingarea. Access is by way of a dirt roadat the north end of the Highway 1bridge that leads out to the gravel barnear the mouth. Small boats can belaunched here (no ramp). and thepools near the south bank are con-sidered the mosf productive.

At Anchor Bay. owners of the'property allow anglers access for afee. and skiffs can be launched overthe beach on the north side of the covein calm weather. Here. skiff, anglerscatch such-,cocky-shore species as kelpgreenling, blue and black rockfishes,lingcod, and cabezon. Because of thesteep terrain. access to the shore islimited north of Anchor Bay to thePoint Arena area.

POINT AliENA

The main fishing activities at PointArena are pier and skiff fishing atArena Cove. The cove would be a moreimportant fishing port if it were not forits vulnerability to southerly andwesterly winds. Skiffs are available forrent at the pier. which also has a 'twathoist. Skiff anglers fish over the reefareas for bottomfish, and during Julyand August there is a limited amount

1 O. " Arena Cove. Point Arena

2 .. Albion

3 Novi Harbor. Fort Bragg.

4 g 'Shelter Cove

*Summor only.

L

LI0

)

rt., 3,

Stat...3*3

I

1 3

Naut,C11 Miles

ri OIL NG

lrrst

al ,- p N

Fa

"Jt

t

2 7,1,

f ;1,4- 7.1-1

KELL, :;2t_E / ,

.

s_

,;,uNt

1.41/1b.lba

I-,Mac)SERRICHERST, PALM ,

COHO SALMON

-:OHO SALMONFLOUNDERSTEELH EA D

Vort Bragg

3 cSi

50\---Nj CASPA, Pi

(3 Pt Caber

Stat,,te Mies 52 3

I II 1 I

I2 3Nautibal Wen

COHO -SALMONRUSSIAN GULCH ST, PARK

Mendocinog Rives

VAN DAMMEST PARK

St.liwen

tittle River

stima

CoPC., ,F ri;,r I it )1,1;r F All (fat_ E Ei)

vsF, ,ri

.<7. (,PE o r4L,Nc,N fl

A, t ASi0N ALLY',ALVf T ROLLING

T 1')

Slltute .oes3

it

I I

2i

14.1.is,

MANCHESTERST. BEACH

40

3900

,SEE 76E7)

50--)

7ab74b1'SEE ,NSET,

SMNir CAM!

-

CHART 14

Shorefishing Areas )\

Bottomfishing Areas

4 Fishing Facilitiet

tai Sportboat Operation

f- Rocky Reefs

KO?)

Depth in Fathoms

N

C IL, <c,

7

Head

Pt ktra

SEE INSET)

HI If ftl )4 KFIStt71- 7 C

P r PE t r1,1r-L.

Pimii/co

Citti4AE&FOKVA ATION-tiEeeNtigNatifit

777

fIi III 1, f iSH(it KVISi

, INr,r ro,),

41.1.44*.,:cem

45 39

of trolling for salmon out to about 15fathRms. The small filer at Arena Coveis 'over rocky bottom, and attracts suchrocky-shore species as striped andwalleye 'surfperches. kelp greenling.black rockfish, ringcod. and oc-casionally cabezon.

To the'north at Manchester StaternBeach. s gilts are 'netted in the surf

along andy stretches and good rockfishing spats can be found at the nort1end. About a mile north of the Statebeach boundary at Alder Creep,fishing is good for surf smelt, redtailsurfperch, and migrating salmon andsteelheati around the creek mouth.

F(ttt t 131t vs,c. \ ND At BION

Sport fishing boats operate out ofNovo Harbor, in Fort Bragg. and insome years out of Albion when

( weather permits. Most fishing is duringthe summer The rocky reefs Acing thiscoast are extremely productive forIiiigcod, cabezon. katp greenling. androckfishes. Blue. blaciila. yellowtail. andolive' rockfishes as well as some redvarieties such as copper. canary.velloweye (turkey-red). vermilion, andchilipeplipr are taken. Reef areasaround rocky points adjacent to theNoyo and,Albion rivers' mouths areexcellent spots for lingcod and redrockfish

Offshore, anglers troll for Chinook'and coho salmon rom May to Octoberin water 10 to 60 fathoms deep At theheight of the season in July andAugust. coho move inshore to feed overreef areas, and during October andNovember they congregate aroundriver and creek mouths such as theTen Mile River, Noyo River. AlbionRiver, Caspar Creek. and the NavarroRiver. During this time skiff _fishingfishingreaches its peak around (he NoyoRiver mouth. Most ocean skiff fishing

-'(for both salmon and bottomfish)occurs within 3 miles' of the whistlebuoy about a Mlle west of the mouth ofthe Noyo River. To the south at AlbionRiver. small-boat anglers are warnedthat the dangerous bar at the entrancean be rosseil tinly during ertain tide

` stages, and then only 'during calmwea ther.

Tidewater fishing .takes plEree inboth the Noyo and Albion rivers. Insidethe Noyo River, coho are taken from0( tuber to mid-December, and starryflounder are caught year-round withMarch bringing the, best catches.Surfperches (redtail and rainbow) arecaug tin winter and spring (April and

May best). Surfperches, jecksmelt, andfloundek are taken from piers in NoyoHarbor. and during summer and fallthere is fishing from the north jetty atthe titer entrance for silrfpercles(redtail, shiner, and black); jacksmelt.kelp greenling, and small' black rock-fish. Striped surfperch show aroundthe jetty during, spring. The AlbionRiver has tidewater fishing for cohe inOctqber and November: surfperchesand flounder also are taken here. as inkthe Noyo River.

Shore anglers looking for spots, tofish on the coast around the FortBragg-Albicin area can try their luckbetween the towns of Elk and Albion.and at the State parks. Most of theseareas have good rock fishing and poke-poling places. and beaches are goodfor redtail and calico surfperches aswell as surf and night smelts.

North of Mackerricher Park,smelts are surf netted around themouths of practically all creeksespecially those between Westport andRockport (Wages.eaDeHaven, Hardy.and Juan creeks). Juan Creek and theTen Mile River also have good surffishing for' redtail surfperch. and -theTen Mile River mouth has good fallfishing for coho.

North of Rockport. State Highway1 turns i Kland through mountainousterrain and redwood forest. meeting upwith U.S 101'at Leggett. Twenty -sevenmiles north of Leggett, an access roadlust north of Garberville (not shown onthe' map) 'leads, to Shelter Cove. the lastfishing outpost along this section ofcoast

SUFI rF.H Covi,

Shelter Cove affords rbasonablygood shelter from northwesterly winds,but. like Arena Cove, It is exposed tothe full force of satherly andwesterly winds. Skiffs can be rentedduring the summer and launched fromthe beach with a special truck hoist.Bait and tackle also are availableThough Shelter Cove is isolated mkthas no docking or wharf facilities. skifffishing here is excellentpartoularlyfor bottomfish Such rocky-bottomtypes as lingcod. cabezon. greenlings.and rockfishes (blue. black. rapper.elloweye. and vermilion) abound overthe rocky reefs, and in July andAugust, skiffs work the cove for cohoand clunook salmon Pacific halibutare sometimps caught by skiffs. andredtail and other surfperches aretaken by surf casters on the beach

46

s/4

15/Eel River to

the Oregon Herder .

North of Cape Mendocino. dark sandbeaches begin to interrupt rockyheadlands more frequently. and largerivers, famous for their migratingsalmon and sea-run trout. empty intothe sea. The terrain is less steep nearthe ocean than areas to the south, butthe coastline still maintains a ruggedbeauty of its--i&n, Along this coast /(Chart 15) the magnificent coastalredwood trees thrive in the cool and

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

0

eco 4'

4, 44 a

'S

Crab Park. Eel River '

'Fields Landing. Eureka,

King Salmon, Eureka

Foot of CommercieStSamoa Angling Access

ArcataMad River

Entrance Humboldt BayTrinidad Harbor

Stone LagoOn

Klamath River

Crescent City HirhoF

Smith River A

.somlo

irGuide service,

**Sommer (wk.

(

. 42OH)

SI r g

,124` 00'1. -

OREGON

CALIT8RNIA

PELICAN.ST13. BEACH

A &rift+at=t MOO K SALMON"

"-% CORO SALMON.' aUTTHROAT4TRO UT

!,rtiorSURFP

FitICKF()

KF ((t:Ct Ntt. A HE0(' If IL i-kE

rre

t

$ t tit ) 1 tV11.- SEE INSET)

St,te es5

2 3 4

I I4

5ha.,ca

a'

ELT

t I LtiflAt:I ,121-,E(.1%

OEt nL.. 21

F s.2

St

Pitt P'Rock LUFFENHOLTZ

BEACH

,,,?:*d1 ^4.K r11';`,2

,-tE ' )N

's2 3 4

k 1 I

r cai M3 .

SA L',I7PINPA T

90A T A.CHIN, .SK

SKIFF F (SHINAREA FSA: Vo'v

5

45

,t",

",,,z

, F

.,%ttE

SEE INSET)

dad',F.,',pad

PATRICK'S PT.ST. PARK

Patrick' Point

TRINIDAD ST. BEACH

Trinidad . NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSe &NOS Nautical Charts -J'

P.O

L S ELHEADCUTTHROAT TROUT 41°LITTL NER SALMON (SOME)

ST. PARK 00'

I'i. ,

Statd MIte

_4,Q.

1

id,

II.;k0 3

f4

Neulltal M4s10 IS

4100

Eureka 4' SAL 21c2t,jITF-L'i.14EAF,UI .111

COHO SALIVI NST LHEAO

1.1F I( IFIL -it E,rCali) t2Kitt p C.PFEF4L,e1F3

P P,(_)<, FISpt. P F

tt tr

(SEE INSET) 4,Euieka

DtHAY

2Landing

E°3Illotp

frbridos4M, )r,tf+F PtrtuNtEf t

Frridal124.100'

CHART 15

...... Shorefishing Areas

./, Bottomfishmg.Areos.

4 Fishing Focihte>

Sportboat Operation

Depth in Fathoms

4 41

a

very damp climate so typical of thePacific Northwest.

Salmon is -by. -.far the most im-portant game fish in this region, andboth chmook and coho salmon aretaken during summer and- fall: Rock-fishes and tither bottomfishes also

6 enter the sport catch, especially in thenorth. but this type of fishing usuallyruns a distant second to salmonfishing.

Redtail surfperch are abundantand are available, year-round alongsandy beaches and in tidewater, withspring and early summer bringing theberst, catches. Surf smelt are nettedfrom March through September, andnight smelt run from February through

id-May, Along -The occasional 'rockys retches, black and grass rockfishes,and kelp and rock greenlings are takenby rock anglers. in most places thereis year, -round fishing in tide.eater forstarry flounder and surfpercles. with,,, ---spring bringing ,flie best catches.Eulachon, or candlefish, are dip nettedin the Klamath. Smith. and Mad riversand in Redwood Creek in April andMay. Winter steelhead run in mostrivers October through March. withpeak fishing in December and January.Summer steelhead run in the Klamathand Eel rivers from July throughSeptember. and sea-run cutthroat troutoccur in the more northerly rivers, fallthrough spring. Mud flats and beachesalongothis stretch of coast are famousfor their tiaper, Washington. littleneck.soft shell, and razor clams. Crabbingfor Dungeness crab also is popularalong this coast during winter andspring, especially at Crescent City,Humboldt Bay. ond in the Eel River,Lagoon.

CAPP, MENDOCINO TO fil:Nthourr BAY

The first coastal fishing areanorth of Cape Mendocino that isreasonably accessible is at CentervilleBeach,and around the mouth of the EelRiver. In the Eel River lagoon. mostfishing is from skiffs, although there isshore fishing also. Steelhead arecaught in summer and fall with largerfish landed late in the season. Duringmost years chinook salmon enter thelagoon in August and run throughOctober: coho salmon begin to appearlater, around November. Starryflounder and surfperches also aretaken in the lagoon. South of the EelRiver there is surf netting for surf(day) smelt and casting for redtailsurfperch along the sandy' beach atCenterville County Park.

North of Eel-River U.S. 101 turnstoward the coast as it approaches thetown of Eureka. a center of fishingactivity during the salmon season. Asizable party boat and skiff fishery

42

operator out of Humboldt Bay. andboats fish almost, exclusively forchinook and coho. Standard fishingmethods are trolling and drifting("mooching") bait close to the bottom.Fishing takes place from May toOctober with chinook being the first toshow. July and August are consideredthe best fishing months as significantnumbers of coho begin to be caught.Salmon move in close to the beachesand around the jetties at the harborentrance as the season progresses.-During this time skiffs venture out intothe ocean to join the party boat fleetand the entrance channel 'soon

becomes a 'favorite spot for chinook,fishing. Small-boat, fishermen arewarned not to neg6tiate the 'harborentrance on an outgoing tidelargebreakers form along the bar and makethis a highly dangerous area.

Inside Humboldt, Bay there istidewater fishing from skiffs forjacksmelt. sharks, rays. and surf-perches (mostly redtail, walleye. silver,and shiner). Sharks are plentiful inArcata Bay. and leopard shark fishingis excellent in Mad River Slough duringsummer. Sturgeons sometimes aretaken around the ruins of the old-4.,lumber loading ramp at the head, ofArcata Channel. South Humboldt Bayis mostly a clamming area. but therealso is angling for some of the speciesmentioned above and rockfishes, whichare taken consistently by anglers overthe artificial reef during slack tide and'when the water is clear. Rockfishesare taken also around the breakwaterat Buhne Point.

The ocean beaches adjacent to theboldt Bay entrance from the North

and South spits have shore fishing. Onthe South Spit, anglers cast for redtailand silver surfperches. and net surfand night smelts in the surf. The southjetty is a popular fishing spot for blueand black rockfishes, kelp greenling.lingcod. cabezon. surfperches (stripedand redtail), jacksmph. and coho andchmook salmon (in summer). Speciescaught from the North Spit are similarto those taken along the South Spit. butpermission from the Coast Guard, isneeded to fish the tip of the spit aswell as the north jetty whei-76grassrockfish are especially plentiful.Anotherjetty. on the bay side of theNorth Spit, is a good spot for lingcod.kelp greenling. cabezon, and rodkfishes(blue, blackand grass).

A popular shore fishing site on theeastern side of the bay is at BuhnePoint around the electric power plantwarm-water outfall. where goodnumbers of redtail surfperch aretaken, as well as walleye and silversurfperches and other 'bay fishes.Shore anglers also catch a variety ofsurfperches' (pile. shiner, redtail,silver, white. and striped) ,around the

48

railroad bridge that spans EurekaSlough. Pier fishing is allowed at ,anumber of docks at Fields Landing,Buhne Point. and Eureka. where thecatch consists usually of jacksmelt.topsmelt, staghorn sculpin, kelpgreenling, and surfperches (mostlystriped. white. and shiner).

MAD RIV NORTH TO riff,

TRINIDAD FAD AREA

At Mad River. most fishing is inthe lagoon section for coho and winter-run steelhead (January to March).although a few chinook are landed.Along beaches adjacent to the rivermouth and .north to Little River StateBeach, there is good shore casting forredtail surfperch and netting for surfand night smelts. Steelhead rvin inLittle River in winter. sea-run cut-throat trout appear in spring, andsalmon occasionally run up the river infall.

About a mile north of Little Riverat the southern end -of LuffenholtzBeach (a sandy beach bordered byrock outcroppings). access to shore isdifficult in places, but there is goodrocky-shore fishing for rockfishes,

,cabezon, and kelp greenling. andexcellent smelt betting and surf,castingfor redtail surfperch along the sandy-shore section.

Trinidad Harbor offers oceansalmon fishing and bottomfishing insummer, and pier and rocky-shorefishing year-round. The salmon catchis mostly coho. and best fishing is inJuly and August. Blue and black rock-fishes. lingcoc kelp greenling, andcabezon are caught in thd salmonfishing areas and inshore over rockyreefs. There is pier fishing in theiiarbor for' jacksmelt. surfperchestFedtail, walleye, and striped). kelpgreenling, and cabezon.

To the north, rockfishea.greenlings. and surfperches are takenfrom rocky beaches at Trinidad StateBeac and Patricks Point State Park.

. -

, NORTH OF PATRICKS POINT

TO THE KLAMATH RIVER

North of Patricks Point rivesbecomes lined with sand dunes, andbeaches have excellent runs of surfand night smelts and redtail surfperch.The' large brackish-water lagoonsalong this section of the coast havesporadic year-round fishing for cut-throat trout and small steelhead. BigLpgbon and stone Lagmin sometimesISreak' open to the sea during highwater, at which time salrrion andsteelhead move in. North of DryLagoon State Park, beaches backed byeveyreen-crowned bluffs have goodruns of ,surf and night smelts andredtail surfpefchyiarticularly theGold Bluffs area (reached by way ofFern Canyon Road).

The Klamath River is famous forits excellent runs of chinook salmonand steelhead. The tidewater sectionof the river is heavily fished by skiffand shore anglersthere is no skifffishing in the ocean. Chinook startrunning in mid-July or August andcontinue through October. Althoughmost fistf are landed from skiffs whichjam the lower river during the heightof the season (August to September),many also are taken by anglers castingfrom shore around the river mouth.Coho enter the catch in mid- to lateSeptember, and the run may last untilDecember. Steelhead begin their run inJuly and continue to run throughNovember or later. depending on riverconditions. Other fish caught intidewater include redtail surfperch,starry flounder, white and greensturgeons, and eulachon. Alongbeaches adjacent to the Klamath Rivermouth, surf netters strain the breakersfor surf ,and night smelts, and baitcasters fish for redtail surfperch andstarry flounder.

,North of- the Klamath, near thesouth borderborder of Del Norte CoastRedvioods State Park, netters, rockanglers, and surf casters fish from

'shore around the mouth of WilsonCreek. Within the creek, chinook andcoho salmon, summer steelhead, andsea-run cutthroat are taken.

CRESCENT CITY

The harbor at Crescent City iswell protected from sea and weatherby extensive seawalls which flank itsperimeter aad by the Point St. Georgeheadland: The fishing fleet is based-atCrescent City Boat Basin between theeast seawall and the public fishingpier, an area known as Citizen's Dock.Pa'rty boat and skiff anglers fish forsalmon end bottomfish, weatherpeimitting. Salmon trolling (mainly forchinook) usually begins in June and

continues through September, with'best catches made in July and AuguSt.Lingaid, cabezon, kelp greenling, rock-fishes, and' Pacific halibut also aretaken in the salmon areas, but bestbottomfishing is found usually sprthbrinshore close to rocky-reefs along the5-fathom curve from Sister Rocks tothe harbor entrance and along the'10-fathom curve from cihase Ledge northto St. George's Reef. Species of rock-

- fish that enter the catch include black,blue, china, vermilion, and bocaccio.

Shore anglers take blue and blackrockfishes, lingcod, and kelp aid rockgreenlings from the west breakwaterand along rocky shores north to PointSt. George. There is =pier fishing atCitizen's Dock for starry-flounder, kelpgreenling, suitperches (striped andredtail), and jacksmelt. Occasionally,large' schools of surf smelt appeararound othe dock and are taken bysnagging; herring are taken during latewinter and early spring. Pier anglersalso trap Dungeness crab in ring netsduring winter and spring. Both "'surfand night smelts are netted alongbeaches south of the harbor and northof Point St. George, with surf smeltpredominating along northern beaches.

THE SMITH RIVER

The Smith, River mouth and thetidewater lagoon section have con-si able skiff fishing during thesa mon season. Chinook is the mostsought . after, and fish weighing 25 to30 pounds are not uncommon. Theseason Rsuatly extends from September*rough December; late Septeniber andOctober are peak fishing times intidewater. Some coho also are taken;most are landed lit October andNovember. Sea-run cutthroat'trout arecaught from shore and skiffs fromSeptember thifough May, with peakfishing in March and April. A fewwinter steelhead are caught in thelagoon from December through Marph,and eulachon are dip netted duringtheir run in spring. Starry flounder,surfperches (mostly redtail), gndcabezon are caught year-round intidewater, and redtail surfperch andsurf and night smelts are taken alongthe beach south .of the river mouth.North along the coast, anglers fish theerocky shores of Pelican StateSeach forblack rockfish and other rocky-shorefishes, and for night smelNalong sandystretches.

49

44

`to

43

Cx2

tr.

OREGON.AND WASITIN' MON

FO

From the California-Oreg border to south of Coos he. .

coastline is rugged with few extensive sandycbeachksCoos Bay, north. the coastline is generally wide.

rbeaches interspersed with' rugged headlands. This typecoastline extends to .north of Grays Harbor, Wash. Farthernorthe,the coast off northwest. Washington from gout Cape.Elizabeth is again a rocky one. with small, sandy beaches'between the rocky, headlands. Beginning at"the Strait of Juande Fuca and continuing eastward throughout the greatev3Puget Sound area is one of the most picturesque coastlinesand interesting fishing areas along the Pacific coast. . 0 4

TO rugged Water and sea-state conditions so common tothe northern California coast continue northward to offCapeFlattery. the nocthwesternmost point of Washington.

CaptBlancol Oreg.. marks`the northern boundary of themajor coastal "upwelling" area of nearshore cool water thatextend along the coast south to Point Conception. Calif,Though some ,coastal upwelling is evident' along the coastnorth of Cape Blancolllt is minor when compared to themagnitude of that -octurfing_lo thesouth of Cape Blancoduring late spring. summer. and early fall. The coastalwaters,of central Or,gon to offshore central Washington are.&ling a. major par of -the_ year. under the influence of the.

1t

",

2*

portion of the North Pacific eastwarcb.flowingurrent. or North PacifiC Drift: The current has a moderating

uenbe on coastal temperatures in this area, and djuing."e fummer sea surfac. temperatures are several degrees

Infarmer,^'off northern, Oregon' to central Washin4ton' thanthose found both to the south toward California and the warth

:or ' toward British Columbia.Many of the same species are' common to 'the cons

Writers of Oregon, Washington, and ioutheastern and southare Alaska; salmon species are of priniary iqierest to the

m4ine gamefish angler in the northwest. Wken con -centrations of albacore migrate close to the coasts of OsegOnand Washington during the summer, a sport albacore trolla)id live-bait fishery develops. This is one of the few pelagicmarine gamer species, aside from salnion (which areanadromons), that, are taken offshore on the high seas.

Though the major spec' of interest in the great r Puget.Sound area, as on the o ncoast. are chinook an cohosalmon and, to a lesser degree, halibut, excellent fis ing forsea-run cutthroat and Dolly, VardeO,trout, as well a manyspecies of bottomfish such as flatfishe4, rockfishes; cabezon,

, lingcod. 'and greenlings,. makeCthis inside waterway area amost Productive one for the'marine angler.

*:`

4tY"

16, 'California-Oregon Borderto Cape Blanco

From just north of the Californiaborder to above Cape Blanco (Chart16) is one of the more rugged. yetaccessible sections of the Pacific coast.The shoreline is. far the most part.

with high erpded bluffs stand-ing above' the beach and the high-water line. Many submerged andexposed rocky reefs, extending fromthe shoreline out to about 10 to 15fathoms, turn much of the coast into ahaiardous area for the inexperiencedangler. When safely fished, however.these areas will prove.to be productiveones far many species of fish, andshellfish.

Near'the California-Oregon borderthe offshoTe bottom topography slopesgently westward froni shore and ,the50-fathom depth curve is about 3

nautical miles offshore. The nearshorebottom is - generally rock and sand;outside the 10-fathom depth curve thebottom is composed of brown. black. orgray sand.

Three fishing portsChetco Bayat Brookings, with one of the bestsmall -boat harbors along the southernOregon coast, the famous Rogue Riverestuary at Gold Beach. and the smallfishing port of Port Orfordprovifiegood locations for bay. nearshore, andoffsh6re 'marine sport fishing along thisrugged section of coast.

Just north of the California - Oregonborder is the Winchuck River. a smallcoastal river that has a chinooksalmorf-run and is fished near themouth in late fall. 'Mostly in,,Novemberand December. Steell ih takenfrom the lower ,Witi huck Riverthroughout the winter, starting afterthe first early winter rains.

ikhetco Bay at Brookings is in-Greasing "fp popularity as a small -boatharbor an has excellent facilities for

46

the many thousands of anglers whofish offshore and in the Chetco'Riverand estuary each year. A substantialbreakwater rovides for easy access tothe ocean, except during severesoutherly st ms. A sizable charter

-boat fleet i vailable for fishing thenearby, coaSta reefs for bottomfishesprior to June. and for salmon duringthe rest of the year. These boatsoccasionally go offshore for albacore ifthe fish are reported to be availableWithin cruising distance.

Most salmon landed at Chetco Bayae coho: the best fishing begins in Julyand lasts through August and Sep-tember. A good chinook run occurs

offshore in early fall. Offshore rockyreefs are good for rockfishes andlingcod. Within the Chetco River.,anglers take cqtthroat trout and wintersteelhead. 4good run of chinook'occurs from late September toFebruary. A few coho enter the riverlate September through December. Thejetties at the bay entrance are goodlocations for poke-poling among therocks for monkeyface eels and fishingfor rockfishes, sometimes greenlings,

'and surfperches.Anglers fish near the jetties along

the ,beach in the lower bay for surf-perch. and there is a limited tidewaterfishery for starry flounder (May toAugust), black rockfish, lingcod.greenlings. surfperches (redtail andsilver). and cabezon. Immediately westof the breakwater. below the town ofBrookings, is a sheltered rocky-bottomarea good for fishing surrperches, .rockfishes.and greenlings.

Northwest of the bay entrance.gravel pockets along the beaches arereported to be good for digging lit-tleneck clams. From the Chetco Rivernorth to justr_secrth of the Rogue Riverentrance. are good shores for pickingabalone during extreme low . tides.Generally, abalone can be found alongthe southern .Oregon coast fromBrookings to Port Orford and to southof Coos Bay. They are available offrocky shores. and on offshore sub-merged reefs.

About 1,5 Ales south of the Rogueif/ River entrance is the Pistol River. In

the lower tidewater section, anglerstake chinook and a few coho salmonfrom October through the first ofDecember. Steelhead runs are commonfrom December through February, mesea-run cutthroat trout are caugWfrequently in June.

The beach near the mouth ofMyers Creek. gx5th of Cape Sebastian`is a good area for digging razor clams,s is the shore along the small coastal

y immediately south of Cape, Sebastian.

..The Rogue River is the major river

system in southern Oregon and flowsinto the Pacific Ocean at Gold Beach..This river produces .a variety offishing. and excellent facilities for the

51

I

2 411

J 3 II. .4 WI

Al*kl

Gold

WeiidetRoipie R.

Port orfciiii-

*Sporadic

angler can be foilhd on 'both sides ofthe lower river at Wedderburn andGold Beach. The bar at the RogueRiver entrance can be dangerous. asmost coastal bars are. despite con-siderable improvement of the jetties inrecent years. However. once outsidethe entrance. the angler may fish forsalmon and a variety of other oceanfish. A submerged ,reef is near theshore south of the Rogue River mouth,and the well-known Rogue River Reefis northwest of the entrance. Goodbottomfishing is found near these reefsand exposed rocks, which are also agood source of red abalone.

In the lower tidewater section' ofthe Rogue River the major fishery is AL*for salmon; trolling for summer-run -T%chinook Is best during August. There isalso a fall run of chinook from Sep-tember to Novemberr"Steelhead arepresent in summer (August to Sep-tember). and cpho from October toDecember. Other marine speciesavailable in the lower Rogue Rivertidewater are surfperche( (redtail,silver, white. and walleye`, smelts,

,lingcod, greenlings. and starryflounder. Many of these marine species 4'

are more common during mid- and latesummer when the freshwater flow ofthe river is decreased, -allowing agreater influx of salt water into theestuary.

North of the Rogue River entranceis a sandy beach reported to be goodfor digging razor clams. Fishing is good,for rockfishes, od. and greenlingsalong the rocky sh eline from OtterPoint north.

North along th coast is P671Orford, a small h' bor providinganchorage and a dock area partiallyprotected by a break ater.fishing facilities and a launc mg rampfor small boats-are available. ffs orefrom Port Orford feeding chi oo andcoho are taken throughout the. summer

CHART 16

Shorefishing Areas

irottornfishing Areas

- 4 Fishing Facilities

Sportbocgtfperotion

- Depth in

IStatute Mites

21

21

NAutCal Wei

, I '.. t._ P. PEE F3 ,' , Ki I- , ",,,L)\ I.,

'v t_ IR ., I L I. IN I..,E ENLI74,,, /

L -t-IC p' N ' e-.I -.et' -3 d LL ,IL),,J('-,t,,

/ ,--.

Jter PtI ., P F E II? .. ,- rI,_,. F

..

//' \\'`,..;,.,",..,,,,°Peree .3 R5.

II

124'

43'P k P 1 II

t-,et.tir-41)0K.00 N1,,N

LLIT I r ) TROr3L1,/,'UNF

30 Vetee,s,

CHINOOK SALMONOHO SALMON,

SEA-RUN TROUT. .

ewer-onER PT.SY. vuorslog e.?

LOUNDER -o

ct

GCOO

C P4 4,4 SALMON4111Ne.10K SALM

ISHSTAR, FL -WNID

2 *Gold Beachto

CKFISIA.

'HO SALMON(.1 -AUG. JULY' BEST.)ALSO -OM CHINOOK

BUENA VISTAWAYSIDE'

SEA-RUN.CUTIHROATTROUT

)

CAPE SEBASTIANST. PARK

Cape SePas,a,

E

P !

statute was4S

401.tse Re

Twee

. r 11,3 1-7.31,'",t_KFI`,H

Whtte=-

COHO SALMON, ANO SOME CHINO

$

IN TIDEWATER;"COHO SALMON

- CHINOOK SALMONSR CUTTHROATTROUTSTEELHEADSURFPERCH

, FLOUNDER-ROCKFISHROCKFISH

,CKFISH

SURFPERCH4etco Rive(

Goat I

NANIABEACH

. PARK

coking

Cape Sebastiann

r

, 0

KCape Ferrero

SAMUEL H.BOARD MANST. WAYSIDE

TEELHEAtSEA-RUN ,CUTTHROA.HARP EACH'.

" )"1- E

---=1..1111.124'

47

q

(June to September) Since there is nomajor river system emptying into theocean at Port Orford. fishing off thisareas' must rely on the migration offeeding salmon along the coast Periodsof productive salmon fishing are morevariable here than off fishing portsnear the mouths lit river systems wspawning runs of salTh'en. Howev r.good bottomfishing can be found aboutthe jetty and off the beach. Both northand south of the port are good shore-fishing spots for redtail. silver, andother species of surfperches andgreenlings. Starry flounder frequentlyare taken nearshore over smooth.bottom.

Along the coast between PortOrford and Cape Blanco is the ElkRiver, a good winter steelhead /streamwith best catches being made duringDecember cind January Chinook fishingis usually best during October andNovember; the Elk River has a largerun Of hat( her chinook. A few cohoare

taken during October. 'North of Cape Blanco. the

westernmost point of the 48 contiguousStates. is the Sixes River This river isa good-sized coastal stream. having afine winter steelhead run with bestfishing aboi,e tidewater duringDe( imber and January. Adult chinookand a ,- few coho enter the lowerestuary in the fall, October andNovember are usually the best fishingmonths for these- species. Razor clamsomisionallv are dug. justsmith of themouth df the Sixes River at extrememinus tides.

'47 Coos 134 A ruil .

ti

The, se( tom of the Oregon ( oast (Chart17) «ners the Coquille River and CoosNo, area Northwest of Cape Min( )the coastal shelf widens and theshoreline becomes predominantly wine=

48

Andy beaches, except for an in-uent rocky point. The submarine,

toi.graphy is relatively smooth anddes 'ads to 50 fathoms about 5 to 6miles ffshore. The bottom types are

and. and sand and shells in thes wer coastal ,areas. and greenmud in the deeper offshore areas.

The entrance of the Coquille Riverinto the Pacific Skean is located aboutmidway between Cape Blanco andCoos Bay., at the town of Bandon. bestfishing for coho and chmObk salmonentering the Coquille River system isoffshorirof-the river entrance from lateMay or June through September,Salmon fishing starts in the lower riverchannel and upstream in .Septemberand continues until November. In latesummer and fall the lower Coquille hasa fishery for sea-run cutthroat trout.Stripdd bass are taken also in the rivernorth of Bandon.

Throughout the summer anglersfish for chinook and coho offshore ofthe Coquille River during calmweather. Bottomfishing is popular frommid about the jetties and offshore tothe south, toward Coquille Point. forspecies of rockfiss. lingcod.greenlings., 'cabezon, and flounders.The jetties are, short., however, andrough water often restricts sport

'fishing offshore.South of the Coos Bay entrance on

the north side of Cape. Arago are goodsandy beachesior smelt fishing duringthe summer. Along .the rocky shore inthe Cape Arago area, some of the fre-quently caught species.. are green-lings, starry flounder, redthil surf-

lingcod, cabezon, and blackrockfish. °-

Fishing Avg the Coos Bay jetties,either from a boat or a jetty.sometimes yields redtail arid stripedsurfperches, lingcod. black and copperrockfishes. cabezon, greenlings. andstarry flou der The south jetty isreported tWoffer better fishing and iseasily accessible to the shore anglerRazor clams are dug at BastendorffBeach immediately south of the jetty.In addition to the offshore salmonfishing areas shown on the chart.chinook occasionally are taken by thejetty angler from deep holes alongsideboth jetties. Small boats fish forsalmon at this Witty entrance area aswell as ovei the deep holes on theCoos Bay Bar Most salmon fishing isbetween the bar and the whistle,buoy coho are

overfound* in the

upper layers over 'Jeep water andsometimes, are takerrtfarther offshoretinIn chinook In the offshohe 'area.90"o of all salmon caught are coho

< (mid-June to October): some chinookalso are takJn (April to October).

sAlba«ire hurter trips arekmmetimes made' offshore during Julyinri August if the a lba«ire run iswRrhin reasondble ili;,tan«) of -Coos

.13a y 53

1 Bandon

2 Bollards Beach

3 Randolph

4 Riverton

5 Coquille

ti Charleston

7 Empire

8 Pony Slough

9 North Bend

10 isthmus Slough

11 McCullough

Fishing is good for starry flounderand surfperches inside the Coos Bayentrance. These fish can be caughtfrom a public pier alongside theCharleston Bridge.

Coos Baybas excellent facilitiesfor the angldr wishing to use charterboats or his own trailer boat. Theseare available at Charleston Boat Basinon the south side of the Coos Bayentrance. The lower bay is a goodarea for fishing starry flounder, rock-fishes (off Fossil Point), -and surf-perches (white, pile, silver. redtail,and walleye). Striped bass are fishedin the lower bay near North Bend andEmpire during the summer. Clammingand crabbing also are popular in thebay.

Chinook enter Coos Bay in the falland fishing' isfrgood in upper Coos Riverin October and November Coho arecaught in November. and steelheadfrom Nov,ernber to. January. Stripedbass are taken in same of the sloughsentering the bay., m the upper riverduring winter, and within the bay itselfin late spring and summer. Some of thehest fishing for striped bass and shad

.is available in the upper tidewater inthe Millicoma and Coos rivers, wherefishing is usually good from Marchthrough May

North of 'the Coos Bay entranceredtail surfperch are taken aliing thesandy shore.

5';SIMPSONST WAYS,

COHO SALMON

CHINOOK SALMON

,I,

Fossil RPCKFISki

CAPEARAGOST, PK.

31 E1 I I

2 3

Na,t,c0, M ,es5 \

NOT TO BE i_JSEIXFOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS N'auticat Charts

CHART 17

Shorefishing Areos

Bottomftshiag Areas

3 Ftshing Foctlate,

Sporrboot Operation

Depth in Fathoms

IC

Pt

Gr.or.

RandolphDULLARDS

EACH

jtiver

SullardsParkorsbur

,

,

.49

Po

18 -Umpqua River andSiusiaw R ivet A rea

A considerable amount of offshore andtidewater fishing takes place along thissection of the coast (Ghart 18).

About 20 miles-north of Coos Bayis Salmon Harbor, on Winchester Bay.It is one of the fastest developingmarine sport fishing ports on the

cific coast An extensive jetty systempr ides access ,frorn. the WinchesterBay mpqua River system to the openocea during most of the year.Ext ell t facilities for the Marineangler re available at Salmon Harbor.More oat basin facilities are beingbuilt. 11 near the Umpqua Riverjetties. This place ranks as one of thebest for salmon fishing along thePacific coast.

Only a short distance north alongthe coast from tUmpqua Riverentrance is the Siusla w River, anotherimportant coastal sport fishing area onthe south central Oregon coast.

The bottom topography off thissection of the coast is relativelysmooth, deepening from shore to adepth of 50 fathoms about 4 miles offthe Umpqua River and about 6 miles tothe west of the Siuslaw River. Bottomtypes are generally grarsand in theinshore area, green' mud and graysand offshore. About 27 miles due westof the Siuslaw River entrance .isHeceta Bank, one 'of the well-knownfishing spots off the south centralOregon coast.

Coho and chinook salmon aretzlRen outside -the Umpqu River barfrom June to early October. up to thetime when the fall run up the riverbegins. Coho are usually found fartheroffshore than chinook and enter thefishery earlier in the year. whilechinook appear later and nearer theriver entrance. More than 900/0 of theoffshore catch ir-Coilg. A good fishingsite for chinook most of the seaspn is

50

in the Umpqua River bar area. Bothnorth and south-, a distance of 2 to 3miles -from the entrance, are reefshaving several desirable species ofbottomfishes. The catches consistprimahly of rockfishes (quillback,bocaccio, vermilion, canary, black, andchina).

Along the outside of the UmpquaRiver jetties during the summer.anglers on-the-141M or nearby in smallboats catch occasional salmon;however, the majo fishes taken in thisarea are rockfis es, lingcod, andsurfperches. On e inside of the ,jetties anglers to rockfishes, starryflounder, green s, tomcod, andsurfperches (re tail, walleye. white,silver, and pile). Much the samecomplex of species taken off the CoosBay jetties also is caught off theUmpqua River jetties. A good place forfishing the entrance channel is fromthe old U.S. Coast Guard pier on thesouth side of the channel.

In Salmon Harbor, herring(February to Octobert and anchovy(June to October) are jigged from thedocks. Clamming is very, popular in theUmpqua River, and there is somecrabbing in the. lower river, in Win-chester Bay. and from the docks inSalmon Harbor. Usually a small run ofchinook enters Winchester Bay duringApril and May; however. the principalrun o1 chinook in the bay is in the fall.during September and October.

The lower Umpqua River has' astriped bass fishery, and this is a goodalternative to salmon fishing when con-ditions on the Umpqua River bar areunfavorable in the summer for offshoresalmon fishing. Angler* fish from thebank along the lower river for stripedbass, starry flounder, and for coho andchinook salmon during their Septemberand October migration toward theupper river. Sturgeons (white andgreen) are often caught in the UmpquaRiver tidewater; from the Big Bend upto about 1 mile above the town ofReedsport. Farther up. the river hasboth a summer (July and August) andwinter (November through January)steelhead fistery, and sea-run 'cut-throat trout are taken in this area inlate fall. Spring chinook fishing ispopular upriJer at city of Scottsburgand Mill Creek.

Twenty-four miles north of theUmpqtra River is the Siuslaw River,where improvements in the entrancejetty system make it pCissible to fishoutside in the ocean during most of thesimmer, However. bar ,conditions atthe Siuslaw River entrance frequentlybecome unfavorable for small boats. solocal advice should be (obtained onsmall-boat navigation over the bar.

Offshore of the Suislaw River,oho and chinook fishing is reported to

be good.kom June through September.with May to August best. There isfishing off the north jetty for lingcod,

-'55

Old Coast Guard Pier

2. Salmon Harbor

3 . Reedsport. Umpqua R.

4 Echo Resort, Umpqua R.

5 Umpqua Marina

a Gardiner. Umpqua R.

7 River entrances

8 Noel's Ramp. Siuslaw

redtad and striped surfperches, blackand copper rockfishes, cabezon, starryflounder, and greenlings. Inside theriver in the lower bay and tidewatersections, fishing for chinook and cohois good during the fall runs in Sep-tember' through Novemb . Surf-perches also are caught i this area(white, striped, pile, ,w lleye, andsilver). aid there are crabbing anddigging for gapers and softsheli clamsabove the Highway 101 bridge.

From the town of Florence to theriver mouth, fishing is good for surf-perches and starry flounder, Fromabout Siboco east upriver,, the majorfishery is for sea-run cutthroats;fishing usually begins in July and laststhrough the summer. Anglers in thiupriver area fish for toho and chinookstarting in late , September and con-tinuing into November. Also. there is ashad fishery, near the head of'tidewater in sprilig. ,

About 8 miles north of the SiuslawRiver is- the prominent coastal land-mark, Heceti Hedd. Along the shore ofHeceta Head aze several good rocky-shore fishing areas for black rockTish,redtail surfperch, ling d. greenlings.and cabezon. Starry flow r antINJandsole are taken over s ndy bottomwhich intersperses rocky areas.

4

fj

.124.(30

44.

124.30

r.

N

GOOD AREA FORCOHO SALMON,OCCASIONALLYCHINOOK ANDLINGC00

'REEFROCKFISHCINGCODSTARRY LOUND

.CABEZ

14

A

1.1

P C KFi 5HL 4GCOOC BE Z GNS aRR FLOU

i-,ot11,LNCEll ENT

RHEA F-( ),TmoNt

Heceta HNC

IN satAtine-TRipeo BASS

SHAD ± =r ..,,

STURGEON-*Garai* -

0Ewas

STR 6:14

rANDHI-1ER RI

SalmonGat

Harbor , PALL'CSTRIPED

r STU RGE. COHO

j/01 , BOttomfishing Areas

3 Fishing Facilities

56

19 He ('.id Hethi h)(Apt' Lookout

The central Oregotn coast (Chart 19)presents a mixture of broad sandybeaches backed in some areas by highbluffs and hills and rocky points. Theprominent coastal points are HecetaHead. Cape Perpetua, Yaquina Head.

_Cape ,Fottlweather, Cascade Head.Cape Kiwanda, and Cape Lookout.

The offshore coastal shelf no th-west from Heceta Head widens ndthe 50-fathom depth contour is about10 miles offshore. The shelf narrowsoff Cape Foulweather to about 5 to 6miles wide out to the 50-fathom curve.South and west of Newport, the majordeepwater port ;along this section ofthe coast. is Stonewall Bank, a well-known offshore fishing place. Thebottom off this area is generally sand,gravel, and gray sand. A number ofmajor rivers empty into the PacificOcean along this section of the coast:the ,Alsea Yaquina. Siletz, andNestucca rivers. In tidewater andabout the entrances of these rivers canbe found fishing grounds for a numberof desirable marine and anadromousspecieS.

North of Heceta Head is a 10milearea of coast noted- for its excellentshore fishing areas for black rockfish,redtail surfperch, lingcod, greenlings,cabezon. The rugged coastal terrain.however, limits access to this excellentfishing area. North of Cape Perpetuaabout the mouth of the Yachats River,shore fishing is good for surfperchesand smelts. Surf smelt runs are ex-cellent during summer and early fall.This area also has good shore fishingfor greenlings, lingcod, redta4 surf-perch. and rockfishes. Occasionally,coho salmon are caught September toNovember: however. this location hasonly a small salmon run. Steelheadbegin entering the river in late

52

November; December and January aregood months for catching this species.

The first sizable river north ofHeceta Head is the Alsea River,emptying .into the Pacific Ocean nearthe town of Waldport. The channelentrance to the Alsea River from theocean is not protected by a jettysystem, and conditio over the en-trance bar'are much to I hazardous forboats. One of'the favo to sites for theshore angler is abo t North Point,where coho and ,hi .ok are landedduring late s m r d fall. Thetidewater fishe fo chi ok extendsfrom August to tob r; the fishery forcoho, from Augus' to ove ber. Thereis considerable fis ng rom inside thebar along shore an from small boatsfrom upper tidewater to below thehighway bridge. Fishing areas forsalmon change from the lower bay tothe upper bay and then into uppertidewater as the fish migrate to freshwater. Cutthroat trout are taken bytrolling in upper tidewater from July toOctober (August peak). t-Within thebay. starry flounder are taken during

"hummer, and surfperches (walleye,striped, white, and silver) are commonin the catch from spring through fall.Softshell clams are dug in the shallow

reas, and crabs are cav,,ght in the bayg summer.

Approximately 5 miles north of theAlsea River is Seal Rock, a good shore-fishing area for surfperches (redtail,silver, and striped) and greenlings.

The next major marine fishing portto the north of Seal Rock is YaquinaBay. Because of its-importance as a

rational fishing area it has beencovered separately. (See Chart 20.)

North of Yaquind Bay from GullRock to Depoe Bay (see inset), shorefishing is excellent for greenlings,cabezon, lingcod. black rockfish, andfor redtail and striped surfperches.

Depoe Bay is one of the mostscenic small-boat ports along thePacific coast. The bay is very smalland connected to the ocean by a shortarid narrow mock -lined channel bor-dered on both sides by rough, rockyshore and breaking waves. The bayitself has little fishing. 'Charter boatfacilities are available at Depoe Bayfor offshore salmon fishing duringsummer and early fall, and occasionaltrips are made offshore for albacoreduffing July and August if the tuna arewithin operating distance. Off thisarea. bottomfishing is goodjor specidsof rockfishes. flounders, and lingcod.Coho are fished from June 'throughOctober, with late July and earlyAugust best. Of the salmon caughtoffshore in this area, 900/0 are coho.

To the north at the Siletz River,shore fishing is good near the entrancefor several species of surfperches,rockfishes, and greenlings. The SiletzRiver has a fairly large entrance to thePacific Ocean. !Jilt the bar is often too

57

dangerous for boats. Inside Siletz Bay,fishing is heavy throughout the lowerbay chann'el for chinook from Augustthrough October, and for coho fromAugust to November. Surfperches (pile,white, silver, striped, and walleye) alsoare taken within the bay, as well asstarry flounder, which are fished onthe tide flats and in the channel (bestfishing January to May). The bay hassome crabbing and sea-run cutthroatare caught in tidewater from 'July toOctober.

Farther north, the Salmon Riverempties into the Pacific _Ocean justbelow Cascade Head at the smallcommunity of Three Rocks. Duringcalm water, small boats sometimes fishoffshore for salmon close to CascadeHead. Around the river entrance,bottomfishing is good for cabezon,black and copper rockfishes. lingcod,and greenlings. In tidewater, starryflounder are taken in summer, sea-runcutthroats from, July through Sep-tember. and coho and chinook fromAugust through October.

One of the more noted fishingplaces along the Oregon coast is theNestucca Bay-Pacific City area.Charter operations near Pacific Cityuse surf dories to fish in the ocean offCape Kiwanda and Haystack Rock forsalmon (June 'through the slimmer) andbottomfish. Of the salmol caught inthis area, 80 °/o are coho. The doriesare available for daily charter. This is

Alsea River,

2 Alsea River .

3

4

5 41 Depoe Bay

6 Siletz Bay, Kernville

Waldport. Alsea Bay, .

AlsetiBay, north shOik

7 Three Rocks

8 Nestucca River

9 Pacific City,

10 * Pacific City

t ,

a

3

F

5talute1 2

S I I1 2 3 4

5Plauteal 14.

j -rD3 1'3'1

STA:,

,IaLte mdaa0 ,

2 3

I I1 2 30

33.ca mdes

S letea

HO-SALMONINOOK SALMON

6fU PERCHNOER

COREENLINGGINISaNt

LENEDENBEACH S.W.

Lincoln (WadiLINCOLN BEACH

ST. WAYSIDE

Government Pt FOOARTY CR. ST. PK.

Cape Foul

8OILER BAY S.W.OEPOE BAY

ST. PK.

5 Sikh' River

ROCKY CREEK 'S.W.

/ .

Gun Rh OTTER CREST S.W.ORor RockDEVILS PUNCHBOWL 'ST. PK.

Statute Md.O 2 3 4 5

O 2 3 4 5Piau3ca, m

10

10

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

-CHART 19SlioretIshing Areas

Bottomfishing Areas

Sportboat Operation

S Fishing Facilities

Depth in Fathoms

7-

45'00

S

StonewallBank.

4s

1

Pto,th Pt

Alsea Bar),

11.

)

the only place along the Pacific coastwith such a facilitY available to thepublic. Only on rare occasions, whennear-flat calms prevail. do small boatsventure out of the mouth of NestuccaBay', The entrance bar is, verydangerous. and caution is mandatory.In the bay. fishing is excellent forstarry flounder. and in the tidew'atersection of the N ,pstucca River. chinookand coho are taken from June toNovember. Fall runs of-chmook providethe best fishing from Septemberthrough October: coho are fished inOctober.. Steelhead are taken in uppertidewater from November to March.and sea-run cutthroats are fished fromJune -through August. The tidewatersection of the Little Nestucca Riv*r hasmuc the same species compositionand ti mg for runs of salmon as theNestu a River.

At Sand Lake. 3 miles north ofPacific' Cit}i.a anglers sometimes takestarry., flounder in the, entrancechannel daring late spring andsummer.

At Cape -Lqokout. one of th e. morerugged prominent points along theOregon coast. anglers catch bottomfishalong the south side. On occasions.coho are taken close to the shore ofthe cape: Access to the shore aroundthe cape is difficult: hoKever, shopfishing is reported to be good in thisarea for surfperches, lingcod. andgreenlings.

54

1

,

20 Yawl Bit Area

Yaquina Bay (Chart 20) offers the.marine angler a variety of fishing.Development of an extensive jettysystem allows access to offshorefishing most of the'time. andexcellentshore and fishing facilities areavailable. The offshore area is in-tensively fished during the summer forsalmon. and 900/0 of the catch is coho.In addition to rockfishes and lingcod.halibut are taken occasionally aroundreef areas. and many times are takenwhile salmon trolling. During mid-summer.some albacore trips are madefrom Newport to offshore fishingareas.

From the Yaquina Bay bridge westalong the jetty. salmon frequeantly aretaken from boats; (June to October).About the Yaquina Bay bridge piling isa good area for herring and anchovyjigging. especially high tide.

The south side of the south jetty ispopular for chinook salmon fishing inthe . summer. Both jetties arerecognized as good fishing places forstarry flounder. cabezon, lingcod.black and copper rockfishes. s dsole. greenlings. and surfperches red-tail. striped, and walleye). isbingto Yaquina Bay is pro ,tive forsurfperches and bottomfish as well assalmon. Surfperches and flounders aretaken along the north and southshorelines of the bay. from shore andfrom docks: the most plentiful Period is

59

from March through October` Aparticularly good area for surfperchesand starry flounder is south of'Yaquina Bay at the bend in theYaquina River. Up to 90 °/o of the localcatch of these two species comes fromthis part of the bay. Green sturgeonare caught in the upper bay: andchinook and cohO salmon are taken inupper ,tidewater from September toNovembep. Anglers take sea-runcutthroat trout in the upper bay frommidsummer through October. Jacksmeltare jigged off docks from January toJuly. and topsmelt are taken from

o arc . Crabs are nettethroughout the year from the docks,from the public barge near the MarineScience Center. and from boats onincoming and`slack

Yaquina Bay is rated as one of themore popular clamming areas alongthe Oregon coast. Clams are dug onthe tide 'flats east of the Newportdocks and along the south side of theYaquina River. Cockles, gapers. and t.softshell clams are the major speciesin these areas.

The first prominent point of land.north of Newport is Yaquina Head.There is good fishing for shOre speciesin this area: February to Marchusually Akers the best fishing forredtail and striped surfperches.Greenlings: lingcod. cabezon. 'black

'rockfish. and an occasional salmonalso are taken around Yaquina Head.

4

1

2

3

4

Newport. Yaquina Bair

h Batch. Yaquina B.a-Yaquina

Entrance Yaquina Bay

:[txut.

21 Cape Lookout to

Cannon Beach

Along the coast from Cape Lookout toCannon Beach (Chart 21). long sandybeaches are common, with occasionalprominent rocky points extending westof the coastlinesuch as Cape Mearesand Cape Falcon. Offshore the seabottom gradually slopes. to the westwith the 50-fathom curve about 5 milesoffshore in the southeln.halr, extendingin a northwest dir9ction to about 9Miles offshore in the northern half. Thebottom is of sand and shells with somegravel areas. Some rocky areas areclose to shore, such as Three ArchRocks south of Cape Meares. PyramidRocks off Cape Meares. Twin Rocks

h of Tillamook Bay entrance.s off Cape Falcon. Castle

north of Capeoff

FalconRocks just toLookout. and HaystacGannon Beach. These rocky areas areall good for bottomfish: however, theyshould be approacheA by small boatsonly on calm days.

The entrance to' Netarts Bay is 6miles north of Cape Lookout. This bayhas some feeder or immature salmon.and both chinook and coho are takenfrequently in the lower channel duringtife summer. Netarts Bay has nospawning runs of salmon as no major

56

river empties, into it. Starry flounder.greenlings. and 'several species ofsurfperches are taken throughout thesummer: however, the bay iS morenoted for its excellent crabbing andclamming. Crabbing is good in thelower .ghannel: and gaper. cockle.softshell, littleneck, and a few razorclams are available at low tide on thebay flats that form a sizable portion ofthe bay's area. The inexperiencedboater is cautioned to ask the adviceof local anglers before attempting tocross the bar. 9

Tillamook. Bay is one of the lartestbays along the Oregon coast, and intoit flow the Tillamook. Wilson. Miami,and Trask rivers. The bay has twosizable towns. both with excellentfishing facilities. They are Bay City.half way along the shore on the 'eastside. and Garibaldi. near the bayentrance. In addition to several bottom.species listed on the chart, redtaitsurfPerch and black rockfish can betaken Worn the jetty eq,0 in the Channelnear the jetty. Thb rfigin channel hasgood spcits for crabbing and fishing for,starry flounder. and surfperches(walleye. white, silver, striped, andpile). Tillamook Bay entrance has asizable jetty: however, bar conditionsare not generally favorable for smallboats. Charter and larger privateboats fish offshore for coho and

ook and rockfishes (black, canary. -copper.. 'llback).

Inside Tillamoo ishing forfeeder chinook in the lower c anear the entrance is best from Aprilthrough May. and again in the fall.Best fishing for coho is from mid-September to November. The bestspots for clamming are on the westside of the bay. Razor clams aresometimes found in this area. but most

of the take is other species such asgapers. littleneck, cockles, softshell.and butter clams. Herring e commonin the bay and Are fisted om springthrough 4fall. Crabbing is best, in themain channel during the winter,.

The Nehalenl Bay jetty comploi isabout 5 miles north of Tillamook Bay.Small boats are able to venture acrossthe Nehalem Bar to fish for coho andchinook salmon only in calm weatherduring. the summer anti fall. There is alimited amount of jetty fishing duringlow water for surfperches (walleye.white. silver. striped. and pile) andgreenlings. Herring are jigged inFebruary.* Salmon are taken in tielower bay in early fall and in t

tidewater areas near the townNehalem in late fall. Sea-run cutthroattrout are taken in tidewater, with Julyto September best. A good spot to fishfor starry pounder is in the upper bay.and crabs may be taken in the lowerbay channel. a

North of the Nehalell River en-hance is Cape Falcon. which providegood fishing for several species of

rockfishes. Immediately north of CapeFalcon are good clamming beachessuch as S,hort Sand. Arch Cape. andCannon Beach.

61.

1

2

3

Netarts

Garibaldi

Entrance Tillamook Bay

4 Brighton. Nehalem Bay

5 Nehalem Bay

6 Nehalem River

4

I

Statute Wes 52 3 4

/.

124°'00'

2 3 5Nautical WetH4YStackF4

NOT TO BE USED FOR.NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

Sllyer Pt

Fishing Facilities

eta-- Sportboat Operation

7

Depth in Fathoms

0

45

I

124'115

C

46

Castle Rk 0

1

Cape Falc

Falcon Rk

STARRYFLOUNDER

LIMITED OFFSHOREFISHING FOR COHOAND CHINOOKSALMON

LINGCODROCKFISHHALIBUTFLOUNDERSURFPERCHCABEZONGREENLING

COHO SALMONCHINOOK SALMON(r4ID-JUNE TOOCTOBER)

LINGCODROCKFISHHALIBUT

0 FLOUNDERCABEZONGREENLING

Three Arch Rks

BLACK ROCKF- ISHCABEZON,LING COOCOHO SALMON

. 62

NE TARTS BAYCHINOOK SALMOCOHO SALMONSTARRY FLOUNDERSURFPERCHGREENLING

Cape Lo-ilkout

57

e

r

22, Co itimbio River

The Columbia River entrance (Chart,22), offshore to the lightship and eastin the estuary toward Astoria. is oneof the most heavily fished areas in thenorthwest. Offshore of the ColumbiaRiver trolling is good for chinook andcoho salmon from mid-June to earlyfat. One of the more popular trollingt,areas for salmon from late June toearly September is near the ColumbiaRiver entrance whistle buoy, wherecoho are more likely.to be taken nearthe surface and chinook tend to ,rundeeper. As a general rule. coho andchmook are caught farther offshoreearly in the su,mmet, moving close tothe river mouth later in the year, andthe sport and commercial troll fisheryfollows this movement.

About 7 miles southwest of thesouth jetty, bottomfishing is good forrockfishes (widow, yellowtail, and

ack), and other species' of bottomfish.etween this area and the jetty is a

1good place for halibut.Check current informatio on the

Columbia River bar and the weatherbefore venturing into the entrancechannel. A number of potentiallydangerous areas exist. alnd fog closingin on these areas while you are fishingprovides a setting for possible'disaster.

The Columbia River south jetty isaccessible Thr angling, and both sidesof the inshore half of the jetty's lengthare fished. Chinook are caught fromthe jetty in June and July; coho aretaken from June to September. Otherspecies that enter the catch includestarry flounder. redtail surfperch:black rockfish. greenlings. and Pacific

58

tomcod. Along the south shore, east ofthe south jetty, is a- good fishing areafor tomcod. starry flounder, andredtail surfperch.-Starry flounder Mayalso, be caught immediately 'north ofthe south jetty to north of Point Adams,and this area also has a ptoductivecrab fishely. The north side of theColumbia River entrance, at "FortCanby State Park, is another goodcrabbing area, and the jetty just westof Sand Island is a good fishin spotfor redtail surfperch, greenli gs.lingcod, black rockfish, and salm n.The north jetty at the river entrance sa, popular place to fish, butdangerousyou s,hoqjd check locallybefore fishing from -it.

Complete facilities for fishing inthe Columbia River estuary and off-shore may be found along the southshore at Hammond. Warrenton, andAstoria, . and on the north shore atIlwaco and Chinook.

Generally, the lower ColumbiaRiver has spring, summer, and fallruns of chinookthe fall run is thelargest and considered best. Coho aretaken in the river in August andSeptember; in the lower tributaries,September and October., The lowerCollimbia River has numeroustributaries, such as the Lewis andClark and Klaskanine rivers, whichoffer fishing opportunities for shad(June) and steelhead (November toMarch). Another tributary, the YoungRiver. also has a shad run in June andJul f. In Cathlamet Bay, east of TonguePoint, summer shad fishing is popular,with July usually bringing the bestcatches. Along the north shore of theColumbia River estuary from nearMegler to Grays Bay, and along thesouth side of the river from Astoriaeast. sea,r_un cutthroat trout are fishedclose to shore and in nearby streamsduring summer and fall. Cutthroatsalso are taken in the Young and Lewisand Clark, riveis west ,of Astoria.White sturgeon are taken throughoutthe'year in the estuary at the locationsshown on the chart:

. South of the Columbia River is oneof the more prominent coastal points,Tillamook Head. Good clamming can befound along the sandy beaches southand north of the Head, and shorefishing is excellent about TillamoqkHead itself for black and copper rock-

_

.

63

O

fishes, greenlings, and lingcod. FromSeaside north to the Columbia Riverentrance, there are about 18 miles ofwide sandy beach that' has some of thebest razor clam digging along' theOregon coast. This beach is also agood surf fishing area for tedtailsurfperch; however, as on most Oregonand Washington beaches, the surf zoneis very 'wide, making shore fishes lessaccessible to the surf caster,

The Rest north of the ColumbiaRiver entrance has good surf fishingspots .for redtail surfperch, and thebroad sandy beach stretching north fornearly 60 miles has excellent areas fqrrazor clamming,

Farther north, salmon andsteelhead are caught in streams en-tering the southern part of WillapaBay. The tidewater section of the BearRiver, which enters the bay east ofPorter ,Point, is fished Per steelheadduring late fall and winter.. and insummer for sea-run cutthroat trout.The Naselle River is a good steelheadand sea-run cutthroat trout stream inthe upper tidewater zone. Also intidewater, chinook and coho are fishedduring September thraugh October andwhite sturgeon are taken frequentlywring the winter through spring( November to April).

2

3

4

O NArnrreittone.

Astetta.-

8

7

Astoria

john Day Riyer

Chinook,,

, 8 Ilwaco

9 Fort Canby 5fatq- Pijik

10 Entrance Columbia R

_,ALC`elf. ^a"

"t.0damn So4

1

3

SItute N3des

, f5

I I \I2 3 4

Naut.dai Mies

-1

NOT TO BE USED FOOAVIGATION" See NOS Nauttcfrt Charts

a

rd,a-nook Head

e,e*

124'00

59

23 Wiiiiipa Boy toOcean City

Easy access from the Seattlemetropolitan. area makes thiproducts v4 stretch of coast (Chart 2an active recreational fishi aThe port -of Westport, on GraysHarbor, is the most, popular locationfor ocean salmon 'fishing north of theColumbia Riverit .could easily be'called the coastal marine salmon sportfishing capital of the west coast.Coming into prominence since WorldWar II, with development of anadequate jetty system and a small-boaharbor, it has assumed the leadershipvin coastal salmon fishing.

The coast trorn north of CapeDisappointment to n h of Ocean Cityis broad san interrupted onlyby the entrances to ,Willapa Bay WndGrays Harbor. The shallow shelfbetween the shore and the 50-fathom

litoff Ocean Park, and about 18is wide, about 12 miles in the

milq off Ocean City. The bottom inthis area is sand and sand and

grading to mud bottom in deeperwater. One of the better offshgbottomfishipg areasAkIliams RePnorthwaft of Grays Harbor en-

-trancehas a 'water depth of about 21fathoms,

Along -thy' ocean N' beach fromOcean Park north to thk...Willapa Bayentrance, The sandy shore is excellentfor surf fighing, with redtail surfperchthe species most -frequently taken. Thisis also a good stretch of coast fordigging razor clams.

One of the major salmon fishingareas for coho and chinook duringsummer and fall is from near theWillapa Bay entrance east to offTokeland. Green, and some whitesturgeons are available Willapa Bayduring the summer; in winter the whitesturgeons migrate upstream. On the

east side of Willapa Bay near NeedlePoint is the Nemah River. Anglers fishalong the banks of the lower NemahRiver for chinook and coho fromAugust to November. Nearby, the Palix.River is reported to have goodtidewater fishing for (Mho and chinookin late summer and fall. The Palix

'tidewater area east of Goose Point is agood fishing stot for sea-run cutthroattrout during ale summer and in, latefall, and winter steelhead are fished inupper tidewater. Along shore to theeast and west of Bruceport, anglerscatch sea-run cutthroats. Northeast ofHawks Point, injhe North River, coho,chinook, and jack salmon (second-yearmale spawners) are fished fromAugust to November, and sea-runcutthroats during July to October.

To the north, along the outer coastTrom Cape Shoalwater to the entranceof Grays Harbor, broad sand bbachesoffer;._excellent razor clam digging andprOdIrctive serf fishing for redtail andWiped. surfperch. Some shore areas

..,Mso are reported to be good' forcrabbing.

The --WestRort-Grays Harborcomplex is noted for its excellentfacilities for recreational fishing. Manycharter boats are available andfacilities for the small-boat angler areexcellent. As in other ports along the

' northern California, Oregon: andWashington coast, the bay entrancecan be a dahgerous one for the small-boat angler if he fails to heed theadvice of anglers with experience.inlocal waters. -Offshore from Westport,chinook and coho salmon are the majorobjectives of sport anglers as in mostareas from Oin Francisco north. About65% of the salmon catch off GraysHilrbor is coho, which are found off-shore in the spring and closer' toshore and near the entrance to GraysHa'rbor in summer and fall. Chinookdominate the catch early in the season(April to June), and are, on an average,large. They are found offshore in thespring and nearer shoie from , earlyJaly through fall, althoughavailable to some degree, -offshore

fishing area for salmon is scilth andsouthWest of the entrance. On the

;jetty, anglers take, redtail surfperch,black rockfish eabezon, lingcod, andstarry flounder. Coho and chinookfrequently -are taken on the

flayside of the jetty from Ifilay to.November; best fishing, July throughSeptember. In Grays Harbor near theWestport boat basin, surfperches(redtail, silver, white, walleye, andpile) as well as other inshore speciesare seen in the bay angler's catch.Around the point near the Ocean

gores boat basin is a good area forsurfperch fishing from August toJanuary, Green and white sturgeonspre sometimes taken in Grays; Harbor;greens are caught in the harboi duringthe summer, and whites are taken inthe outer river channel at the east endof, the harbor in winter.

Several streams emptying intoGrays Harbor provide excellent fishingfbr salmon and anadromous trout. TheHumptulips River has a fall run ofcoho and chinook Salmon and excellentsteelhead fishing in the winter. Sea-runcutthroat trout are available in the_"hummer and fall. The Hoquiam Riverhas fishing for steelhead in the winterand sea-run cutthroats in the summer.The major tributary to Grays Harbor,the Chehalis River (east of qie chartarea) has anadromosteelhead. Age sturgeoand coho, as well as/ a fe

The stretch of. coast north of the

I cutthroat,and chinookshad.

throughout the season. Coho dominatethe catch later io the season (June toOctober). Pink salmon occasionally aretaken offshore, especially during odd-mfmbered''years.

In addition to salmon fishing, anumber of charter boats fromWestport make trips far offshore foralbacore during periods of good fishingin Julf73. August, or September But-tomfish also are taken offshore; manytimes incidental to fishing for salmon.Pacific halibut are taken during springand summer along the 30-fathom curvewest of Williams Reef, northwest of-thebar. At Williams Reef and oAr rockyareas the major species of rockfishescaught are the black, yellowtail,vermilion, and yelloweye (rasphead).

Nearshore, the major small-boat

1

2

4

5

6

7

. 8

9

10

Palix River

..Sotth Bend'

Wilson Creek

Mouth of North River

. Tokeland

IA Westport

Ocean Shores

, Markham

Aberdeen.

litimptulips River

A

60 65

0

.) e 1.24,' 00':k

.? q- SAL Obity.......S A RUN TROUTI 0 THROAT,

. TE LHEAD).r

--, ,

PACIFIC /HALIBUT//

LI

R

Williams IN LHA'NNEL AND e, NeAROUND ENTRANCEJETTY FOR SALMONAND STARRY 6FLOUNDER

r

,LINGCOD //ROCKFISH

ALBACQRE OFFSHORE

0 \

./ p,./ Si,. 6 A-03OR. ,,k n e

Damon Pt TI ° STURGEON

r,y9,/i//.

FLOUNDER Sis'SU RFPERCH

...\/VE

LINGCODPt Chetah a

ST.

GREENLING4

PARKTOMCz,00

AN.0,.

Westport A

A v co 'Z), " $6Y'

s 4 Cohasset -4 skV

IHARTruiRS SIPCUTTHROAT

ST. PARKTROUT

COHO AND CHINOOK SALMONIN SUMMER. ALSO PACIFICCOD, STARRY FLOUNDER,SABLEFISH, HAKE, SAND SOLE,AND JACK-MACKEREL

O0

z

CHART 23

Shorefishing Areas

Bottomfishing Areas

3 Fishing Facilities

Sportboat Operation

Sea-Run Trout

"4- Reefs

Depth in Fathoms

1

46'30

L3F

MIT OF S LLAT SALMO

SHERY.

a

t

CapeSh Oa iwater

ST I ta

Leadbetter Pt

Hawks Pt 2suRFpERcH 3_

,,,I FLOUNDER ///1//ojte Pt rfl' / ,.V e Iz:;/: .: /,;,, a"

?,,z5;o Stony Pt

/'Bruoport

..--

I//Pt

Goose Pt -ta

4-RUN

HROATT

*13ETPTA

CHINOOKNOOK

NOT TOithSED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

I

1.

Statute Moe,2 3 4

2 3

Nautical4

5

4

144

44

44

T CELT EAD

Grays Harbor jetty near the resortarea of Ocean 'Shores is good forsurfperch fishing, and the entire sandybeach from the harbor. entrance toabove Cape Elizabeth is excellent for/

',razor clamming 'and has some crab-bing.

North of the coagtal area shownon Chart 23, at' Moelips (about 17 milesnorth of Oceah Shores), is the southernborder, of the Quinault Indian.Reservation, Fishing and claniming arerestricted along the reservation shore.

North of the Quinault IndianReservation, to east of DestructionIsland 00 south ?If the Hoh River. aregood surf fishing and clamming areaswith easy access. from the coast high-way. Runs of good surf and nightsmelts are common to this Area; nightsmelt runs are from May to September.The coast from this area north to LaPush is roc and nearly inaccessiblefor shore fi ng.

1

24 La Push to Give li th eryto Milani flay

The coast from La Puallh to CapeFlattery (Chart 24) is one of the mostpicturesot sections of the Pacificcoast. This northwesternmost section'of the State of Washington has arugged coastline of 'high wooded bluffs.interspersed with Sandy beaches androcky `shOres, with reefs and smallrocky islands just offshore. The°,coastline from Cape Flattery along thesouth shore of the Strait of Juan deFuca to Neah Bay is rugged, and from

, Neah Bay eastward the shoreline isgenerally a rocky one, but frequently

. interspersed with naro.w sandybeaches

The «)ast south of La' Push, isroc ky with many small pinna cs risingabove the surface in the ne shore

62

area and extensive submerged reefs.The major islands along this sectioiieofrocky coast from south to north areDestruction Island,. - Alexander Isla(about 12 miles below La Push), J esIsland off La Push. and_Ozette andTatoosh islands off Cdpe Flattery.

The coastal 'shelf off La Push hasa gradual slope, with the 50-fathomcurve being 10 to 12 miles offshore.However, the slope becomes sharper to'the north toward Cape Flattery, wherethe 50-fathom curve is close to shore,passing just to the west of TatooshIsland and Duntze and Duncan rocks.From Cape Flattery eastward along theStrait of Juan de Fuca to Slip Pointnear,Clallam Bay the 50-fathom curveis about 11/2 miles offshore. The bottomnearshore is sand grading to greenmud and sand in the deeper water ofthe Strait of Juan de Fuca.. At She- mouth of the QuillayuteRiver, about 36 miles south of CapeFlattery, is the, small Mien village ofLa Push. This is the only small-boatharbor along the northwestWashington coast from Grays Harborto Neah Bay. The entrance is pass-able for the small-boat angler mostof the summer and is the only place inthis area where offshore 'small-boat'fishing is possible with some degree ofsafety. Though requiring a longerjourney from the center of northwestpopplation, La Push is increasing inpopularity for ocean anglers.

Much of the fishing off La Push isfor'fFediiIggtacks of coho and chinooksalmon. The offshore catch ispredominantly -coho, and July toSeptember the best fishing time forthis species. Some pink salmon aretaken offshore during the same period.The Quillayute River ha anadromouscuttroat trout in summer and fall, anda rCin of chinook. Chinook concentratenearshore, along the coast, and aroundthe river mouth during the fall. In'latefall and winter the river also hassteelhead. In addition to offshorebottomfishing, shore fishing is good offthe sandy beaches for redtail surf-perch and off rocky areas forgreenlihgs, black rockfish, andsometimes lingcod. Anglers fish fromthe jetty at the entrance to the riverand from the beach just south of themouth.

From north of La Push ,to near'Cape Alava there is little ocean andshore recreational fishing because ofits remoteness from any small-boatharbor and lack of shore access roads.Off Cape Alava and to the north is the,start of coastal off,5hore fishing areasfdr coho and chilMk salmon fished byboats from Neah Bay. Fishing in thisarea begins in May. In adeditiorr to celloand A hinook. pinks are 'taken

/frequently in late summer and earlytall during odd years. North of CapeAlava is the Ozette River, which isreported to have good fishing for sea-

6(

fr

/4 CZ.47

k :4.

ekr

1 CiiPusti

2 EP Neah Bay

3 , Strait of Juan de Fuca

4 Strait of Juan de Fuca

5 Sekiu

Dock.

run 'cutthroat trout. Between WpatchPoint and Portage Head, includingMukkaw Bay, sandy-shore fishing isgood for redtailssurfperch. Off rockyareas, fishing is-reported to be goodfoneckfishes, gpeenlings, and lingcod.

Cape Flattery is a popular fishingarea for charter boats out of Neah Bayand for the small-boat angler duringcalm weather. South of the cape endnearshore is a good area for rock-fishing. Offshore are well known areas----for catching adult and juvenilechinook, adult 'and juvenile or feeder.coho, and pinks (odd years only).Charter !coats from Neah Baysometimes make trips to SwiftsureBank, northwest of Cape Flattery, forcoho and chmook. Off Cape FlatteYyand Tatoosh Island are good areas forrockfishing (china, copper,. quillback,yelloweye (turkey-red), black, blue,and yellowtail). Around the north sideof Cape Flattery, the species fished aresimilar to those found south of thecape; however, there is considerablymore small-boat fishing as the seas are

'port of Neah Bay is n arby. Salmonsmooth than off and the

anglin'Jrom small boats fishing off-shore from Neah Bay to the capebegins in May. Feeder coho are takenfrom late spring into summer,, andadult coho, chinook, and pink salmonare fished in late summer and earlyfall (odd-n ered years for pink).Feeder ch' oek are taken in the areaall y it Nearshore from WaddahIslan st to Cape Flattery are anumb r f good fishing spotseachwith its, wn local name. The areanortheast of Waddah Island west toKoitlah P nt has good salmon fishingfor small-bo t anglers, as well as goodbottomfishing for rockfishes, kelpgreenling, and lingcod.

The Strait of Juan de Fuca isoriented un a west by northwest

GENERAL BOUNDARYSp,l_ MON SPORT

FLEETCOHO SALMON

PINK

COHO SALMON23.

PINK SALMON

124'1140''IVTrlAf2 T, $2,,,1,,22 $ H. NK

eb

1'

---.. 1-tp 'oS1-,-.1°.,.9:, S,,,

--- '',t ,,, I , -O--Jae ac "o, 1 \

-, ... t_./C, ...,"..- 44/

C ''.- ---.PS

'.--...: Z1C- '---,.., \

UNiei"--.. iC,44: ST,Irilp,Q4. 1

av,;-.V,tici"-

°A,)

INGCODROCKFISH

48" / / / /To /

'SALMONLMON .//'/c---Th PACIF1

1/20

-.I 2(,) cH.NOOK-ik,

7

eVaatPt

-);MukkaSay.

(Head

"K FIC 48'20'

47ghtsh.o

of

Pt of the Arch s'HOC KF H

CH11\2,00K-49"- (?)

SALMON<

CHINOOKKeda a Pt ALMON

CHART 24

Sh(Orefishing Areas

Bottomfishing Areas

SeoRtin Trout

3 Fishing Facilities

SpiVriboat Operation

111. 0

Depth in Fathoms

) N'rk.r'f t AA ;, ,C)

Cake Rh,

C. ace ,"",o"

COHO SALMONCHINOOK SALMON

,;

124°,40'

aewtut Head

P()CkFISH, LINGCOD, PACIFIC HALIBUT,SUR PERCH, GREENLING, FLOUNDER

63

direction and provides ,an f! Xtensum ofthe coastal ocean environment into atleast the first portion of the strait. Seaconditions are suitable most of theyear for small-boat operations Theabsence of ocean swells as oneproceeds into _the strait and lackrough water such as found nearshorealong open ocean coast make forpl?iasant boating.

The Sekiu River. about 13 mileseast of Neah Bay. is reported,to havefishing in the lower sections for sea-run cutthroat trout in the spring and_fall. steelhead run into the river duringthe winter. The nearby Hoko andClallam rivers have much the samespecies and seasonal distribution asthe Sekiu River. From Kydaka Pointeast is an excellent small-boat area forchinook. The nearshore areas off SekiuPoint and Slip Point are some of themore accessible and popular locationsfor salmon fishing and excellentfacilities are available fyir the small-boat angler. Nearshore along this areaof the -Strait of Juan de Fuca can befound good fishing areas for lmgcod.greenlings. and species of rockfishessuch as black. china. copper. andquillbacr

25 l'ilhoToint toBisrovery 'Bay

PH i, \R POINI ro AN.(; rti p()I.f

The south coast of the Strait ofJuan de Fuca from Pillar Point t9Angeles Point (Chart 25) hris a limitednumber of facilities _for the marineangler The coast has a sharpshoreline. and the bottom tends to herocky nearshore. Water deprhs rangefrom 90 to 120 fathoms offshore, in thewestern portion of the chart area, to80 to 90 fathoms off Angeles Point

64

Most small ilibilts fish for salmon offPillar Point and to the west, and fromLow Point east to Angeles Point. ,Feeder and adult chinook are taken inthe spring and summer: adult coho andpinks in early fall. The main fishingareas are either nearshore for feederchinook or offshore for coho (August'through September) and pink (August)

Several streams empty into theStrad of Juan de Fuca along thissection of the coast. The Pvsht River,Deep Creek. West Twin River. andLyre River all have winter steelheadrune and sea-run cutthroat trout invarying amounts. In addition to salmonfishing. rockfishes are fished' aroundreef areas. and sole and halibut arefished offshore overt smooth bottom,Surfperches'aie taktk along shore: themouths of Deep Creek and Twin Riverare among the better spots. The areajilst east of Pillar Point is noted for itsoctopus fishery.

Crescent Bay has good facilitiesfor the marine angler and is accessibleto the salmon .fishing areas tatssection of the /coast a t o 7, riot-

tomfishing grounds for halibut, rock-fishes. greenlirtips. flounder, and Pacific(true) cod. Anglers fish for feederchinook during the summer. and foradult chinook during the fall fromAgate and Creskgrit bays east to offAngeles Point. Pinks are usually takenin this'area during late summer of odd-numbered, years.

)it .\\. (.1,1 FS I() flog t Dt, () Efn

The city of Part Angeles is theprincipal center of commerce onWashington's Olympic PeninsulaMarine sport fishing intensity in-creases from the Point Angeles areaeastward, and fishing areas becomemore numerous because, of the many

-island% channels: and bays and -their.accessibility to the metropolitan areas

bordering greater Puget Sound.North of the town of Port Angeles

is the narrow, peninsula or "spit"known as Ediz Hook. gne of- the morepopular and easily accessible fishinglocations in the' area, Port Angeles hasexcellent( facilities for the marineangler and a variety of salmon andbottomfishing is found nearby. Feederchinook are present all year and arefished on the inside of the "Hook." offthe U.S Coast Guai'd Air Station at theeast end of the.Hook. along the outerpdge of the I took. near Angi,les Pointto the west and Green Point to thbeast Adult (,obo and pinks, are taken-here and offshore during summer andfall. adult ( hinof& are caught insummer

East of Port Angeles. off Greenant. fishing is excellent for halibut

an(1 Iingc ud as well as salmon Chinook'are taken :ill 'ear (feeders in winterand spring. altd adults in summer)'

6,9

Pillar Poiril

2

3

4

s6

7

8

Crescent Harbor

Freshwater Bay

Port Angeles .

Port Angeles. Edit Hook

Dungeness State Park

Sequim State Park

Discovery Bay

and coho and pinks are availableAugust to October. East of PortAngeles, two small streams are fishedfor ana,dromous trout. Morse Creekhas .wrhter steelhead and sea-runcutthroats, and the stream emptyinginto the Strait of Juan de Fuca atGreen Point is reported to have fishingfor sea-run cutthroats and a fewsteelhead.

Around Dungeness Spit. feederchinook are taken all year, and adultchinook frequent the area in the

\summer. Pinks, coho. and chinook arecaught farther offshore during Julythrough September, and cohofrequently are taken near the spit.Augpst to October. Crabbing isrep&ted to be good in Dungeness Bay.The Dungeness River has a Tun ofsteelhead in the winter. and some arereported to be caught during thesummer. Sea-run cutthroat and DollyVarden trout also are taken in theDungeness River.

Immediately'north of the entranceto Sequim Bay. and south, into Thenorthern half of the bay. fishing isgood for feeder chinook during the

-winter Coho sometimes are taken infall: the mkt popular area is nearHardwick Point. STa-run cutthroattrout are taken frequently nearshore \,around the edge of Sequim Bay

To the north are several offshorebanksDallas kank. Eastern Bair.PaHridge Bank. and Hein Bark allgood areas for bottomfishing. Some arenoted as being good for salmon theson,thwestern side of Partridge, Bankiswell knowd for ( oho, chinook. and pinksalmon fishing during summer. Bot-too-dishes Taken on or near the

?\.

124,00

AN('PINK

*too_ o15t

St, tut, Idet1 2 3

1 I )1 2 3

Nawt.tat Mo4

123' 45

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

S

J U A NID E FUCA

CO HO

PINKSAL

48'15'

CHART 25Shorefishing Areas

Bottomfishing Areas

Sea-Run Trout

Fishing Facilities

esl Sportboat Operation

Kip

Depth in Fathoms

123 15J,

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

15

p A

"T

,C1.1INOOKSALMON as

Bahl<

(HROATELHEAD

Staub MI 5111 I

i2 3 4 1

Htutica1 MAN

SequimeBeckett

Pt

123'

Discovery Soi. .

t%

.65 d ,

.5

9

"banks" include rockfishes, lingcod,Pacific halibut, and kelp greenling.Over smooth Bottom nearby, occasionalcatches are made of starry flounder,English sole, Pacific sanddabs.sablefish, striped and pile surfperches,and Pacific cod.

Discovery Bay is one of the betterfishing areas for feeder chinook duringthe winter, and adult coho sometimesare taken here during the fall. Salmonfishing- is popular around the bayentrance off Diamond Point andCapeGeorgt'Additional areas are fished onthe west side north of Gardiner. andnearshore in, the lower half of the bay.Sea-run' cutthroats frequently aretaken)close to shore thro out most ofDiscovery Bay; the productiveplaces are south of Diamond Point andBeckett Point.

,,

__f _

26 ''Whidbev '

ifPf all the sections along the U.S. westcoast. a description of marine fishingin this arse (Chart 2.$), which includesthe San Juan Islands\ and islands andbays along the north' est Washingtonmainland. is the most,co plex becausenumerous islands: chann Is. and baysprovide a wide range of liabitats formarine fish, resulting .in many ex.c-ellen4. locations for marine gamefishing. . .

.From .along the Whidbey IslandI

west shore. east of §mith Island toabout 4 miles north or-Deception Pass.is a well-known area for feederchin,00k (fill 'year) and for adultchinook du`rinethe early fall precedingthe spawning migration of this salmonpecies. to the Skagit an Fraser

rivers. Coheare taken frequ ntly in'this urea from Apjl to Septet withbeat fishing. durirlf June to to ber.

, 60

Pinks are taken August and#eptemberduring odd-numbered years.

.Along the south and southeast sideof Lopez Island are areas for catchingimmature or feeder chinook (all year).and one of the more popular places forfishing is off Iceberg Point. Lopez Passis noted for large feeder chinook inFebruary. Proceeding northwest,popular salmon fishing spots are inGriffin Bay off Friday Harbor and atthe northwest end of San Juan Island.These are good areas for catchingImmature chino,ok in summer and largechinook from December to February.Bottomfishing is excellent throughoutthe San Juan Islands. Rockfish speciescommonly caught are the black.coppet, canary. quillback, andyelloweye (rasphead). Lingcod andgreenlings are also abundant.

Orcas Island, the northernmostlarge island of the San Juansf offersgood salmon fishing along the east eitdof the island at Lawrence Point. This isone of the more popular places forfishing chinook, coho, and pithroughout the summer and early {"a R.The northwest edge of Cypress Island,which is southeast of Orcas Island, isa _good area for feeder chinook, adultcoho.Land pinks in the summer. Pacificcod sometimes are taken near thesouthern end of Cypress Island.

North of the San Juan Islands. offPoint Roberts. there is spring andsummer fishing for feeder and adultchinook. coho. and pinks.

East of the San Juan Islands. offthe northwest shore of Lummi Island inthe vicinity of Village Point. anglersfish "for spring and summer chinook.Also. in Hale Passage between LummiIsland and the mainland. there iswinter angling for chinook.

The Nooksack River. which emp-ties into Bellingham Bay, has cohoand chino* runs. with fishing in thelower part reportedly best in summerand fall, Steelhead run in theNooksack during winter. SqualicumCreek also empties into the bay northof Bellingham. and it is reported to bea gOod fishing area for sea-run cut-throat trout, and sometimes stet:peed."Offshore, in the diltepater sections ofBellingham Bay. there is excell6ntbottomfishing,, for Pacific cod. Near-shore- from south of the city ofBellingham to north of Edison. sealruncutthroats are taken'close to shore.and in the inlet about 4 miles south ofBellingham. winter fishing is excellentfor feeder Chinooks. Off the mouth ofthe Samish River chinook' and cohofishing is .good in' the fall. Sea-runcutthroats are fished' close to themouth of the river in,summel. and also

nearby'Edison Slough. The SamishRiver also has a winter run ofsteelhead.

South of Guemes Island. in theGuemes Channel from Hat Island toMarch Point. feeder chinook are taken

71

1 Limestone Point

2 Roche Harbor

3 Smallpox Bay

4 Friday Harbor

5 West Sound

6 President Channel

7 Terril Beach

8 Cascdde Bay

9 Obstruction Pass

10 Upright Head

1j1 PeaVine Pas's

Clark Point

Village Point

Point Roberts

Blaine

Birch Bay

Gooseberry Point

Bellingham

Fair Haven

Larrebee State Park

Bayview

March Point

Anacortes

inacOrt es .

Sunset State PaA

SkylinerMarina

Deception Pans

Sneeoosh Beac'h

Coronet Bay

Whidbey Island

Oak Harbor

La Conner

12

13

14

15

16

17 °

18

19

20 a

21

' 22

23

24

25

21;

27

28

29

30

31

32

re 10,

Skagit River. N. Fork

9

CANADA- - - - -UNITED STATESIWASHINGTONI

CV...iiNOOK SALMONCOHO SALMONPINK SALMON

NOT TO BE USED FOR N6IGATIONSee NOS Nautical C rts

Statute Mils0 2N

Maui.] NiI

0

CHART 2§

Shorefishing Ar

,/, Bottornfishing Areas

0-9\e

Bich Bay

CI ...-

.,'."*.'E'.., .,AL.,,,: .`54,

I

,,, iz.'P (./4,,,,,,,/,I

;,/' 7,2,/J ./,/, ,, td io I,

--_ -

...,..)HC).... ;010 PINK.0'" --.". 0..+C'' .y/>, v.,-.,4 ' p.9". -. / ,' K

..: :1.,.) `3,....".'r..)N 1/ /7,//, .4 /,/,////,,

/',',.....

. '.. ...)s...--

...-- . /; ../ Wi ro ,Stuart I

. ,,-,

f207,-: cr ArmgovosTST ...ARBORS t ',

/ .- ////45

+11NOOt,<'I,

t ////\

Sea-Run Trout

18 Fishing Facilities

Sportboat Operation

t` State Marina

Depth in Fathoms

CH I NO0SA LM

Sandy Pt \ALIMMI Bay

ELHEADTTHROAT

,

Bellingham Ba),:.

CHINOOK

tvtur r

LoorzfIk4/ /./

La,g

4-rCebegg 7///

31

IKELn

/4'

/e

&

Se,th

/2,2 '4, / ;/...L Ps

123 A0 as fe,n

L LV V A..? DEN \TTHROAT

72

SKAGIT BAY

00K 122'30'A-

67

during the winter. Smelts run alongshore southwest of March Point.

The Deteption Pass Channelconnects the upper end of 5iltagit Baywith the Strait of Juan de Fuca. This isa popular area for fishing chinook andcoho from early July through August.Some of the more adventurous soulsfish from the shores of Deception Passfor rockfishes. greatilings. and lingcodSoutheast of the pass; around HopeIsland. there is fair fishing in thespring and summer for large maturingchinook. The Swinomi*i Channel hasangling nearshor fo? sea-run cut-throat and Dolly Varden trout, andjigging for surf smelt. To the south.sea-run cutthroat and Dollytrout are taken along the shore ofSkagit Bay between the north andsouth forks of the Skagit River. TheSkagit River is noted for spring andsummer runs of chinook. and in thetotver reaches sea-run cutthroat andDolly Varden trout 'are taken duringthe summer. During Winter the river,has a large steelhead run: somesummer-run steelhead also areavaila ble.

27. Skagit tidy totk Hood Canai

The inside passages of thelarea northand west of PugetSound (Chart 27). inaddition to being" picturesque. arenoted for their wide variety of fishing.some being in the transition zqnebetween the Strait of Juan' de Fuca andPuget Sound. This chart includes the

',easternmost area of the Strait of Juande Fuca from near Admiralty &filet toPort Susan and Skagit Bay and in-cludes many of the more importantfishing grounds in Puget Sound

Saratoga Passage extends southfrom Skagit Bay and separates Camano

68

I

Island from Whidbey Island. On theeast side of Camano Island is Port-Susan. and 'to the south of Port Susanis Possession Sound and the northsection of Puget Sound. On the westside of Admiralty Inlet is PortTownsend and the' entrance to theHood Canal.

The depth of water in the mainchannels in Ihe northern half of thisarea is 50 fathoms or greater.deepening up to 100 fathoms near theentrance to Puget Sound in the south.The entrance to Admiralty Inlet fromthe Strait of Juan de Fuca is one of themore !shallow chjannels in the gleaterPuget Sound area. being only 20 to 30fathoms deep. ,,The channels have forthe most part a mud bottom. althoughsome' sand and rock bottom max, befound.

Although salmo is ,the majorobjective of fishermen in Puget Soundand Strait of Juan de Fuca, excellentcatches can be made of bot-tomfishPaOific cod. sablefish. rock-fishes. rock sole. English sole. Pacificsanddab. starry flounder. lingcod.- kelpgreenling. and halibut. Ten of the 53species''. of rockfishes are commonlycaught in this area. with copper andquillback rockfishes dominant in thecatch. There is increasing interest inall these species to supplement themarine angler's catch when sermonare not available.

Near the entrance to AdmiraltyInlet. off Point Wilson. fishing is goodfor feeder chinook during summer andfor pinks' and coho from August toOctober. Port Townsend, is a soodlocation for catching feeder chtlookduring the winter season. An artificialreef ;s reportedly plarined for an areajust east of Point .Wilson. Agtng theshore froM west of Point Wilson .to thesouth end of Port Townsend andaround the shores of the bay borderingthe west side of Marrowstone Island.

' N good- for sea-run cutthrogttrout during summef. Off AdmiraltyHead (Fort Casey State Park) anglersdrift fish for chinook in the winter. andfor 'collo and pinks during theirsummer and fall, migrations throughAdmiralty Inlet. Fishing grounds offMarrowstone Point. Liplip Point. and inOak Bay are all good for feedingchinook during the winter. Sea-runcuthroats also are fished along thewest shore of Oak Bay: off the shoresof Port Ludlow they are fished duringthe summer. Throughout all bays inthis area. good bottomfishing isreported for starry flounder and rocksole,

Along the west shore of WhidbeyIsland. off Lagoon -POint and BushPoint. there is fishing in late summerand fall for coho and p ks. ,and attimes some steelhead ar taken fromthe beach at Bush Point. north

-end of Mutiny Bay. immature care frequently caught during late

A 73

1

2

3

11

12

13

14

2 15

16

5

6

7

8

9

10

Fort Worden State 13rk

Pint Townsend

'Kilsut Harbor.

'Marrowstone Point

Mystery Bay

Kinney Point. Oak 'Bay

Keystone Harbor

Whidbey Island

Oak Harbor

Oak Harbor

Penn Cove

Coupeville

Holmes Harbor

Bush Point

Mutiny Bay.

Mutiny Bay,,

17 Langley

18 Colutntha Beach

19 ' Glendale

20 Skagit River

21 Madrona Beach

22 oi b Sunset Beach

Cama Beach

- 24 Lowell Point

'25 Kayak Point

26 It Tulalip Bay

27 Everett

28 "° Mukilteo

29 Norma Beach

30 Meadowdale

31 Edmonds

32 Foulweather Bluff

33 Hansville

Ire

34

35

. Point No Point

Kingston

36 port Gamble

37 Miller Bay

ey 'summer only"Pwr planned 197;.713

'

4

ctIC,..3, Vv.7,,,. RIOOSMAI,

6

ITRPFICAVIC

Port Townsend

. Whidbey''04k Harbor. 9

10 Mr 3.

ALONG SHOREFOR COI THROATAND GOVARTEN

LLY11 6 (P

San deCamano

73 1 Island'/ 21

IslandCHINOOK

LACKKFISJ

Poln1t PI,

P

S

122' 30

010 FTTOWNSEN$7 PARK

LUTTH

,NO

Compeville?

FT. EBEYST. PARK

Wosor.

4."

325

40C KFISI-1

FT CASEYST PARK. 7

M

C THROUT

I\ 1 Port Ludlow

, 5',/517

,goo, PZ... :I

V

I STws°"'°up78AH.c.r,

I CUT,THROA' ROUT C?P's7,e,d

z . ./7/.d /e.. Pt Whidbey 17 §.rd,4 .' i Langlel i ,

CHIN(,IN C K i'''''/ a ,,,,',.41 HER /G

a C3 <//-1315

sii( .1.1.t

Freeland 7,....

'/41/

22

732.a,aCPl

I z- Carmine

/

r

23CAMANOST K

/C)

Greenbonk47'' East

>>.

Doses Ps,

TO BE USES FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Ngutical Charts

CHINOOKStatute Wen ROCKFISH

2 3 4

HIN

CIF ,C0

Litsalady

-57

a

\ Stanwood

H..

R T

SUSAN

-.1

Kay+. P4 25

Orif

0"FIS 074ttgg;&'z I

;0trrift-IROATO

ThCHART 27

Shorefishing Areas

Bottomfishing Areas

Fishing Facilities

111'

Sportboat Operation

Sea Run Trout

V,

,41"E,S

,

8*7

2 3haute-al Mau

PorteGamble

CUTTH RCO

E

Q.

0

0A..

. 36

A-

ALMON:.CHINOOKCOHOPINK

3

37

6

Dol,C,e a 01

a33, Poa, '.3

Kingston

35 IP"ROCKFIS

122 C

Island anion

Cola/18

19ROCKFISH \

7" 4.....2.4

Z !1g,

Cr)

r't

5

awards

5. Wei s

/4

3

.Edmond!31

IMMAl 'JP ECHINO(.& COHO

-The Trim'

kat.°

''`e7'PLAT.g

41

5'

,Ey ERPi27

SALMON

INK SALMON F'9COHO Si- LMONCUTTHROAT TV UTNEARSHO RE

29

rS

69

spring and (tarry summer, and insidethe. bay adult pinks find coho arecaught in late summer and early fall.Off Double Bluff. west of Useless Bay.feeder chinook and cohoiare fished inthe spring and summer and adult pinksare sometimes caught during Augustand September of odd-numbered years.South across the channel from DoubleBluff is a popular salmon fishing areaoff Skunk Bay. Feeder 'chinook aretaken here all year from FoulweatherBluff so Point No Poitt. and coho arefished from spring through the fall.Pinks are sometimes caught in odd-numbered years in August and Sep-tember.

One of the most popular places forsalmon fishing is off Possession Pointat the southern tip of AidbeyIslanda feeding area for chinookand coho in spring and summer.Northeast of Possession Pbint along theshore is an excellent rockfish anglingarea, as is a local spot nearshore offEdmonds southeast of Possession PointOff Edmonds, feeder chinook and somecoho are fished during the winter.From Edwards Point north to Mukilteo.sea-run cutthroats frequently aretaken b,, trolling close to shore.

In the Snohomish River tidewaternear Everett. sea-run cutthroat fishingis popular during the summer and fall.The Snohomish River has a steelheadrun during the winter, and adult cohorun during the fall. and pink run in thefall during odd years.

Priest Point is another good sitefor adult chinook fishing during latesummer. and from Priest Point northalong the east shore of Port Susan anddown the west shore there sometimes

good fishing for sea-run cutthroatsduring spring and sumter, Sea-runDollyVarder. also eccur,along shore inthis area. Kayak Point is a good fishingspot for immature chiriook in winterand spring, and off Hat Slough at themouth of the Stillaguamish River is agood fishing place for ,sea-run DollyVarden during spring.

At the south end of CamanoIsland. between Camano Head andGedney Island. anglers bottomfish forblack and canary rockfishes

Along the southeast shore ofWhidbey Island and off East Point andin. Holmes Harbor off Dines Point.Immature chinook are taken in thewinter and spring. In the southernportion of Holmes Harbor. feederchino appear in the early spring,a4pa rent ttracted into the harborby a late winter 'and early springberring run Sea-run cutthroats, alsoare taken in Holmes Harbor in sprang.

Onamac Point. on the west shoreof Camano Island. is a good' fishingpier e for sea-Atun cutthroats FromOnamac Point nearshore to off.,DamockPoint at , the northwest corner ofCamano Island. fishing is good forimmature chinook and coho front early

70

spring to fall (February to October).and adult chinook sometimes are takenfrom June through August. Coho alsoare taken in this area from June toOctober, and sometimes pinks arecaught in August and Septemberduring odd-numbered years.

Point Polnell. at the north end.softhe Saratoga Passage, is a good year-round location for chinook as well asfor bottomfish. with black rockfish oneof the major species taken'. Southwestof Point Polrrell. nearshore fishing isexcellent for sea-run Dolly Vardennear Blowers Bluff and in Penn Cove.Farther south along the east shore ofWhidbey Island, sea-run cutthroatsoccasionally are taken during summer.

tCC

-28 %dal hern liond Canalanti ( entrailiunel Sound

The waters of central Puget Sound andnorthern' Hood, Canal (chart 28) are

. heavily fished. largely, because of theirac=cessibility to the Seattle metropolitanarea

HOOD \

fit'od Canal extends from north of -.Port Gamble south to a point northeastof the town liSniona waterwayditance a about 55 nautical miles.The canal has channel depths from

thorn,s -andsouth endd the endsand and

occasional

about 25 to over 9

becomes shallower at the,from Union eastward towaof the canal The canal hThud bottom except f

, rocky area off the prominent points.is Dahob Bay. is the only major bay,.

extending from tho -Ho ]'CanalIn the north ha f bf thr'i flood

Canal. 4s in the si uthern portion.

7

12

Triton. Hood Canal

\ Pleasant Harbor St. Pk.

Quilcene BaSI%

Scenic Beach State Park

Seabeck

Port Gamble

'Kingston

Suquamish

Miller By

Poulsbo

Keyport

Brownsliille

,

13 Rlahee State Pack

Bremerton14

15 Tracyton

16 Port Orchard

Manchester

18 *19

Harper.

Southworth

20 Eagle Harbor

Eagle Harbor. Winslow

22 Fay'Bilinbridge State Pk

Elliott Bay

21

23

24 ,,Duamish River

25 Duamish River

26 ° atlarbor island

27 Pity 57

28 Shilshole Bay

29, " }Edmonds14"

30 Meadowdale

31 , ' Edmonds

Shilshole Bay

Mdianola

34.

33.

S

l4, eiv, t,eloped"/14,01 a re., unto

se,

/41-ONO

41G SOES F C

,SP1:-.1v1ON,L80AND CUTTFIRO

:TROUT.

,NOT itilitE,LISEDFOR NAWGATION

Si e NOS Nautia al C4arts ,

CHART 28

Shorefishing Areas

Bottomfoshing Areas

--.... Sea Run Trout

3 Fishing Facihhes

NAL Sportboat Operation

t. State Marina

CEN1C BEACHST PARK

Seobeck

O

KItS4?1,-N Chico

COHO &CHINOOK

POAT

G-S OREFOR CUTTHROAT.,IN RIVER FORSTEELHEAD.

COHO.

epinsula

-ANO.PINK ft_

r'

-7COHO SALMON -1IN ISOLATED SPOTSSongoi

.. IN FALL ALSOSOME PINK SALMON_,/ .

Silverdale

KITSAP )4EM:ST. PARK

PortOrchard

16

Long Lake

C,..1"7".

COND.CHINOOK &'PINK SALMO

18&outtnvorth

19.

WINTERCHINOOK

4Baiobridge Island -IDS '41

-

22Winslow rAYEtAl BRIDGE

'21'

PORT GAMBLE

INDIAN RES.

Monroe

,+t Pt

1. of.0),170

Vashonislancr //////iri./F 0 Li

P

C0,1 qwest pr.. 9

-9,1/0

iest44Jo

32/ ROCKFIS

STEELHEAD

S (.410

Ind 291I NI Uwe'

9: 60)Edr"rids 31

r. K 1

S 0 U A,k-D

122°30'

PINKCOHOCHINOOKSALMON

CUTT H ROA

SEATT11116TEF,-HEAD.

76,4

'1.2') 30'Meadow**,

71

4

10

there are numerous fishing spots forsea-run cutthroat trout. The fish occurnearshore and are not common in thedeeper waters. Off Hazel Point on theToandos Peninsta fishing is good forfeeder chinook and coho salmon inspring and early summer. Adult cohoare taken in isolated spots fromBangor to Misery Point from Sep;tember to December, and adult pinksare sometimes taken in this areaduring) odd - numbered years. In DabobBay. feeder .chinook frequently aretaken along the west shore fromQuilcene Bay south to Jackson Cove,from winter to early springs (Marchand Awil best).

TU_Nlisery Point, Oak Head. andHazel Point grounds . are good forimmature of feeding chinook duringspring and summer and, coho from Maythrough fall.

milk deeper areas of the HodCanal from Misery Point isouth to offDewatto offer good bottomfishing forlingcod and rockfishes. hear Dewattonearshore fishing is excellent for isea-run cutthroats' during summer, andoffshore fishing is good for coho duringOctober and November. Chinook aretaken all year off Eldon near theHampialiamma River.

CE.N fRAL Puch-r SOU1\11). SEATTLE. AREA

Puget Sound. being readily ac-cessible to the population of greaterSeattle. is one of the major marinesport fishing areas in the northwest.Fishing information for}he northernend of the sound (Possession Point,Point No Point, etc.) .is given on Chart27. Near the north end 'of the sound,

.south of the Edmonds docks, nearshorefishing is good for immature chinookand oho during December to MarchFarther south near Point Wells and offItu hmond Beach, are good places forcatching, immature chinook, whichsometimes are taken all year

72 ,

The Puget Sound channel depthranges from about 100 to 130 fathomsfor the area shown on this chart.Leading from the sound are numerousinlets that represent major marinegame fishing areasPort Madison,Port Orchard, Agate Passage, RichPassage. Sinclair Inlet, Shilshole Bay,and Elliott Bay are but afew of theseimpottant fishing areas.

Along the east side of Puget Soundnear Seattle, the area from "off

Meadow Point to West .Point has goodfis for adult chinook in-August andSe ber.,A good rockfishing area forco r and black rockfishes is offshorefrom the marina north -of Ballard.Farther north, from Richmond Beach toWest. Point, immature 'chinook arefished during winter and spring.'Elliott,Bay is an excellent area for catchingimmature chinook (October toFebruary) and for adult chinook andcoho in late -summer and fall. Atributary to Elliott Bay. the DuwamishRiver, has good Hill chinook; cohp, andwinter steelhead runs.

In the greater Seattle area someof the more impotant shore andnearshore fishing locations are listedbelow, where some of the opportunitiesfob species other than salmon are ofcQnsiderable importance. Species mostcommonly taken by shore and bottomanglers are rockfishes (black, copper,and quillback), pile and striped surf-perches, Pacific sanddab, starryflounder, rock sole, English sole,greenlings. sablefish, and Pacific cod.Local areas for fishing are as follows:

1 Richmond Beach (King CountyW. 190th St.)Beach

g for flatfish all year, andgood fishing is reported forgreenling's and lingcod inwinter and early, spring.'

2 Golden Gardens Seattle CityPark -and Meadow PointAnglers fish for flatfish and

77

lingcod and take an occasionalchinook and coho nearshore in

late summer and early fall.Public fishing dock (suitable forhandicapped persons) is a goodfishing spot for surfperches,rockfishes. and greenlings.

3. Below Ballard (Chittenden)LocksSteeihead are caught inwinter (limited), sockeye inJune and July, and an oc-casional coho in fall andwinter.

4. Pier 57Public pier fishing forsurfperches. Pacific cod. anderthec.species of bottomfish.

5. Alki BeachShore fishihgyear) for several species ofbottomfish. Occasional catchesare made of chinook and coho.

6. Seahurst (King County)ParkSkore fishing for avariety of bottomfish.

7. Vashon Islend Coun-ty)Shore fishing for bot-tomfish.

Offshore on the west- side of PugetSeund, areas off Pres4dent Point, PointJefferson. and Point. Monroe, and to thesouth are good fishing areas for adultchinook from December to Mayimmature. chinook are %ken all year.Also, from February, through March,fishing is good for immature chinook inAgate Passage.

Aibout the western side and lowerhalf -of Bainbridge Island, there areseveral good grounds for fishing im-mature chinook in 'the winter season.Black and copper rockfishes are-takenoff Port Blakely and Blake Island. andthe east shore of Blake Island is notedfor sea-run cutthioat trout: Chinbokare ,fislied off Point Vashon during,winter and spring.

L

29 Southern Hood Canaland Lower Pullet Sound

Numerous channels cut the topographyof the southern portion of Puget Sound(Chart 29). This area not only has

' excellent salmon fishing, but is one ofthe primary areas fe.cofilshing sea-runcutthroat trout.

S01`1-HER' HOOD CANAL

The southern portion of the HoodCanal has much of the same speciescomposition in the fishery as thatfound nor)( in the canal. For in-formation on the north portion of theHood,Canal see,Chart 28

In the southern portion of thecanal, immature chinook and cohosalmon frequently are taken off theLilliwaup River, in late spring andsummer. Farther south off Hoodsport isa good location for fishing adultchinoiik and coho from August toNovember. Influencing the distributionof salmon in this area are thehatcheries located at Hoodsport andon the Skokomish River (George AdamsHatc+kry). Off Hoodsport, Ayres Point,Sisters Point, and Union, fishing isgood for immature chinook and cohoduring winter Find spring,- andsometimes for adult coho in Octoberand November. Sea-run cutthroatsreported are taken alit year in thisarea. Th Skokomish River has a -steelhead n in the winter; some alsoare taken in summer Occasionalcatches 19f cutthroats are made in thetidal area and about the river mouth.

...SOUTHERN PUGF:T SOUND

Along the east shore of VashonIsland; below Point Beale, anglers takeimmature chinook in winter andspring. This area also has good fishing

for rockfishes. At the south end ofVashon Island in the lower reaches ofPuget Sound and off QuartermasterHarbor, anglers fish for immaturechindok during the early winter. OffPoverty Bay (Redondo), immaturechinook are fished during winter andspring, and some adult coho and pinksare taken during the suntmer and fall.

The Point Defiance area, close toothe city of Tacoma, is one of the more

popular all-ye r fishing locations forcoho and c 'nook. Fishing is bestduring lat summer. CommencementBay is al a popular place, for fishingadult o in the fall and chinook inlat summer and fall; pinks are 'oc-casionally taken in the bay. Immaturechino k are present ell year. The

up River, which empties intoCommencement Bay, is reported tohave a good run of winter steelhead.

From south of Point Defiance toneat' Fox Island is a good fishing areafor rockfishes and lingcod. As in thenorthern part of Puget Sound, rock-fishes are prevalent (black, copper,quillback, canary, and yellowtail), aswell as pile and striped ,surfperches.About the southeast end of Fox Island,both immature and adult chinook aretakenimmature fish are caught in thewinter and spring,' and a*lts in latesummer. From Delco ,Passab into TheNarrows, immature chinook are said tobe taken all year and coho from latespring through summer. South off PantFosdick is a good fishing place forPacific cod during winter and spring.

The eastern shore of HendersonBAy is a winter fishing area for im-mature chinook; off Green Point theyreportedly are taken all year. Localanglers say the best fishing- area forwinter chinctok is from near Rosedalenorth. In late summer, maturingchinook often are found along thenorthwest shore\ of Henderson Bay.

...South of McNeif Island is a goodFishing area for immature chinook i

winter and spring, also off Devils Heand around Johnson Point. Residecoho are caught in late spring andsummer in these two,areas as well asin Henderson Bay.

Off the south tip of AndersIsland, chinook are taken year-ro d.Best fishing, however, is in the winterand spring; the largest fish are caughtin spring. The Nisqually Rivero haswinter steelhead and seafri cut-cut-throats.

In the lower reaches of PugetSound. immature chinook are presentin many treas. in spring and earlysummer. Some adult chmodk ale takenin Buddlnlet during the late summer.In this routhern area, in addition tothe anadromous species cf salmon andcutthroat trout, large numb s ofsurfperches (particularly pile andstriped) are taken about docks, ings,or other obstructions, and surf smeltare known tck appear in some of theinlets.

78

L

a

2

3

4

5

'87

8

9

.sport

Potlatch

Union

,Tahuya

Twandth State Park

Beller State Park

Allyn

Fair Harbor Marina

Home

10 farm! Cove

11 Graham Point

12 Arcadia

13 Budd Inlet

14 Olympia

15 Boston Harbor

16 Johnson, Point

17 _Johnson Point

18 Steilacoom

19 Tacoma

20 411 tl Point Defiance Park

21 Tacoma

22 Tacoma

23 Tacoma

24 Tacoma

25 Tacoma

26 Redonik

27 Saltwater State Park

28 Des Moines.

29 Burton

30 GigtHarb-or

31 Point Fosdick

32 Wollochet Bay

33 Fox Island

34 Horsehead Bay

35 Wauna

36 ' Glen Cove

37 Home ,

38 Drayton Passage

39 Vaughn Bay

73

gni

PoflatchHoodspori

1.1111waup,

C`

Shelton

Tumwotet

-----

Olympia

Lacey

/

HartsteneIsland . PAR,

Belfair

123'

Long Bronci

O

Cy-Vaughn

O

AnersonIsland

S.' PAP, D

Rosedale

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSP, NOS Niaut.c al Charts

/Stellacoom

' Purdy

ilk

CHA 29

'

5 co

1 11

114 a 4, *5

11(yyallup

TACOMA Camp Sealth

Vashon

Island

0

FA

\MauryIsland

SEATTLE

ALASKAThe name Alaska comes from t *e Aleut word,meaning,"TheGreat,Lancl." The 49th State truly deservesIts name for it isas' big as ,ngland. France, Spain, and Italy combined andstretches over an even greeter distance. It is a land rich, innatural resourcesfish. shellfish.' game, oil, minerals, andtimberand has some of the most beautifully ruggedterritory in North America.

Fishing 'has/always been Alaska's biggest industry. with,salmon the mainstay of that industry. All five species ofPacific salmon are found in Alaskan waters. The three thatare of prime interest to anglers are the chinook (king). coho(silver), and the pink. The sea-run trouts and char, closeTeintives of the salmon. are also popular game species andplentiful in and around Alaska's coastal streams. Bot-,tomfishes are abundant and include halibut, flounder.

-rods-

;

a

iR

.s

tk,

V.,

fishes, lingcod,The fishing g ds plotted on the following charts tend-

to reflect the intensity of the fishing effort rather than theavailability' of fish. Sport fishing is probably as good or evenbetter in unshaded areas, but these places are less ac-cessible, than those near population centers and, therefore,are fished less frequently.

Most redteational fishing in salt water takes place in thewaters of the southeastern Alaska Panhandle from the DixonEntrance north to Yakutat and in the south central or GulfCoast region._ including Prince William Sound. KenaiPeninsula, Cook Inlet, and Kodiak Island. Saltwater angling inthe remaining coastal areas to the west anj to_the north isprimarily subsistente fishing, and relatively inaccessible tomot recreational anglers.

so-75

r-

30,41 Southeaslerit

The southedstern sectio Of Alaska(Chaats 30 and 31), som times calledthe Alaska Panhandle. consists of anarrow stretch of mainland and alabyiath of numerous islands. fjords.and deep waterways which form the,Inside Passage. Thy, ntamous and.heavily forested islariaS shelter thesewaterways from -the Pacific Ocean.The panhandle., has.a temperate, rainy

' climate with- warm winters and coolsummers The temperature seldomdrops to zero Fahrenheit. and theannual rainfall varies from 25<td, 155Inches.

Much of the land .is part of theTongass Natibnal Forest,# the largestand, to some people, the most beautifulof our courrtry's national forests. Many

,r glaciers are still carving. grinding, andforming the land. Large rivers havetheir sources in these glaciers and areladen ith silt, but tributaries areclea d hay abundant populationsof ga sh. Co1@stal streams are shortand fairly swift, owing through deep.narrow. a ensely wooded valleys.

CHI and towns, isolated by themaze of waterways, depend heavily onwater and air transportation. Roadsystems tend to be related to thedevelopment of each particular townrather than forming an interconnectedseries of roadways. Alaska's "marinehighway." the State ferry system. has,

76

Air

terminal facilities at Ketchikan,Wrangell, Petersburg, Sitka,- Hoonah,Juneau, Haines, and0Skagway.

.

SALMON FISHING

Excellent salmon fishing can be4 found close to many harbors and

mobrages. Best fishing spots areusually around prominent points ofland and where tidal currents areswift and strong. Air and charter boatservices are availabip at many of thelarger cities fOwnglers who wish tofish in the moOr-remote areas. Boatsused in salmon °fishing range fromsmall skiffs to large cruisers andyachts. You should consult tide tablesand inquire locally about the 'waterryou plan to fish. because currents canbe tricky in some channels and ex-treme fluctnations between high andlow tides can leave you stainded.

In a number of bays insoutheastern Alaska, large chinookstart running in April anil, May andsometimes earlier in the Ketchikanarea. They corqinue to run throughJune and July, thery fishing tends totaper off, in August as the mature fish\leave for spawning grounds. In manyareas imrpature chinook or "feeders"'are available year-round and weather,

.rather ,,than the absence of sAmon,restricts fishing activity.

Col-iC appear in southeasternAlaska lager in the year in August.September, and October. In certainareas such as around Ketchikan andSitka there are earlier runs in July,and cohos occasionally show up asearly as June in the Juneau area. Fishcaught in September and 9etober arelarger, but fewer in numbef.

and sometimes later in certain areas.Pinks ordinafily are not found far fromshqre and do not run up streams forgreat distances. The fishing is usuallybest in July and August during years ofmajor abundance.

Some chums are caught aroundthe time of the coho runs, but thesefish are not considered as desirable. asother species of salmon. Anglersseldom take sockeye or red salmon insalt water in southeastern Alaska.

Salmon derbies are celebratedannually at Ketchikan, Jundnu, Sitka,Craig,.Thorne Bay, Coffman Cove. andWhale Pass.

BOTTONIFISiIINC,

Bottomfishes such as Pacifichalibut, 'rockfishes. lingcod. starryflounder, sablefish, sculpins, andgreenlings are plentiful inthe watersof the Inside Passage. Although thesefish are considered by some to lessglamorous than salmon and sea-runtrout, an increasing number of anglersare recogniziIg their worth as finegame,and tablf fish.

acific halibut are common and

Pinks usually begin their run inJune, and the run lasts until September

:Ketchikan

2 Bell Island

3 Yes Bay

4

5 W1tangell

6 Sitka

7 Petersburg

81

4

ADMIRALTY

ISLAND

a

KRUZOF 1.

BARANOF

ISLAND

4Dedecei '

° \c 'i, \"c;

.11 4HINOOK SALMON

%

I

HO SALMONtLY VARDEN 5i 4 0,

AL1BUCKF1STH 4

dt

7,60.;$Bay

KUPREANO

ISLAND Petersburg

ZAREMBO ISLAND

WhalePass

CHINOOK SALMONCORO SALMONti LLY VARDEN

HROAT TROUT '-RUN)BUT

alfman Cove

0

'IP'11 11 1 I It

a a $

NOT TO BE L:JSED FOR NAVIGATIONso, IkloS Ch irts

. -CHART 30

Shorf,h,r,c3 Aron,

Fl,hing Enc. low

Sporfboot OpProt10,-, 4

PRIVCE OF WALESTAa

lowock

4 ISLAND

ChasJna

RAV1kA

ISLAND \

ISLAND

N NET TE

ISLAND

000

77

gross. to monstrous proportions inAlaska waters The are taken usuallsfrom about April ur Mss throughAugust. user fairy flat buttum about25 tu 35 fathoms Halibut atre Chad,.less abundant near Ketrhikan butaround Petersburg and Wrangell asignificant fi,umber, are taken in Aprilqa/, and lune while trolling forchinook. Farther north around Juneauhalibut are taken consistentlsanglers fishing at the south' tip ofShelter Island and in the StephensPassage area Other liuud locations areSitka Sound.- and around Bell Islandand Haines .

Rockfishes are found, throughoutsoutheast, Alaska. but best fishingappears tu be around .I;etchikanAlthough asadable in selected areasaround ,Juneau. the'. are generallsscarce in these waters compared toothers RockfAhes. or snappers, aretak4 over rock piles and reefs atabout 25 to 60 fathoms and most aretaken from .N1as to September Thecommon rockfish sarieties insoutheastern Alaska.are the sellossese(rasphead or red 4napperi c4nars.and quillbaek Other spycles7'su( h aSthe dusk,.. black sellov,tall. (Tipperand silkergras rockfishes "also enterthe catch

Lingcod also are taken. usuallyover rocks areas at about 10:fathomsOther bottomfish caustht Include kelpgreenling v,hitespotted greev4rig rock

-

,78

-greenling. stulpin (Irish lords). Alaska,pollock." Pacific hake. Painfie cod.dogfish and othbr sharks. English(lemon") sole. end arrowtoothflounder

S: \ (1,

For thuse anglers who either bycircumstance ur choice would ratherfish frognshure than senture.oul in d

hoot Dulls Varcfen: sea-run cutthroatand steelhead trout are within castingre,ic h at, tb mouths of mans coastalstrearnt, <in)* alw..ng.. beaches Dolls`sarden far the must abundantand in southeastern Alaska thisspec !es is taken trout Mas through -ih tobe'r Cutthroats also begin runningin Mos and fishing usually laststhrough, August. tapering off in Sep-tember Steelhead run in mans coastalstreams in the spring and fall

In the sq.utherri Alaska PanhandleChaff 30] shore anglers fish alongthe

\litkul Island road- system south ofPetersburg Blind Slough. s, hick runsachacent to the highway. can be fishedin its er.tirets by v.alking a shortdistance off the road. Fishing effort ismostb. in the intertidal area for coho.'during the runs in August and Sep-tember Dolly Varden and cutthroatsare, taken throughout the sear withbest fishing during September

Across Wrangeli `arrows. shoreas well as skiff fishing is good at.Petersburg Creek for steelhead. cut-throats. Dolls Varden. and salmopAccess to this area is bt. boat fromPetersburg A popular ,trout fishingspot is at the head of tidessater, setuch

heasils fished during the spring andsummer and again in the late fall Theintertidal area extending 2 'miles

1

83

a

8-

to,

upstream. is the favored location forpinks. chums. and coho.

In the northern Alaska panhandle(Chart 31) shore fishing is very populararound the Juneau-Douglas Islandarea Most fishing is for Dolly Vardenalthough some cutthroats. steelhead.,pinks. ,coho. and chinook also aretaken° Most shore fishinc,,,, occurs froT

" spring through September Popwlarspots are around the mouths of suchstreams'as the Fish. Salmon. Peterson.and Sheep creeks as well as beachesnear the Eagle River

rarther north near Yakutat. theSituk Riser Italic) Riser. and LostRiveroffer some of the best trout and salmonfishing in the State The Situkreachable from Yakutat atr or road.has excellent fishing for largesteelhead The Situk Rmer s reputationas a trophy steelhead stream-seems tobe largely due to the presence ofrepeat spawners The older female fishesiden.tls hale a high sursisal rat3,after initial spawning. and thus areable to return .again in appreciablenumbers the following s ear

I

S

2

3

4

5

Angoon

luneauteDouglas Boat Harbor

, .Auke Bay

Tee Harbor Marina

6

7 Gustavus. Glacier Bay

8 0 Haines

9 Yakutat

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A

CHARt 3;1

45borefishtng Areas

Fshing Facilities

Sportboat Operation t.

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGSee NOS N4uttcai Charts

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32' to took Inlet

This region frohting the Gulf ofAlaska inc ludes Prince «illiam SuunciKenai Penin'sula. and Cook Inlet (Chart32i The coast t6 'flanked b% the AlaskaRange 1,,hic h trhs some of the highestmountains in North America Thesemountains block off much of ,

northerly witids. and this alungo% ith_,the influence of (wean. br6ezes con-tributes to the Gulf's rainy and oftenstormy climate It is 'Alaska s mostpopulous region ''and has the StatrI;"---first producing oil wells, The area is

know n for farming. fishing, I aci miningSome of the finest fishing ground,.

'ore within relatwely easy access ofcoastal towns Joined. together b% a*Moult/10d miles of highway Salmonderbies are held at Seward andValdez. Snici, a halibut derby .iscelebrated at Homer

NT$( t

' in Prince vK illiam Sound mostsaltwater angling ,is centered around

-the towns oft ordoya. Valdez. and PortWells. The mayor fishing effort :s forcoho. which occur from mid-Julythrough mid-September Valdez and

. "". Cordaya have some winter fishing forchinook, and pinks a re taken by,'A *

4P

80

a

trolling in salt cater in July and instreams during July and AuglIstChums. although present in the soundand its drainages. are not fished muchbecause they. do not appear to bitereadily in salt water

Bottomfish such as halibut. rock-fishes and lingcod are available year-round in most saltwater bays Somecommon species of rockfishes taken in

' Prince \\ illiam Sound are the dusl,black. and copper .

Cordova on the eastern shore ofthe sound. was once a copper miningtown cind is now a fishing center*Ferry service provides connections to1. aldez ,nd the State highway systemC.urcluy a offers nearby winter fishingfor , hinuok during Jan.iiary. February.and March Coho fishing is excellent.and' often lasts into Octoberpieranglers, sometimes take coho from thedowntoWn piers

A'arther north at the town ofV.117ez. the Alaska highway' systemconnects the Gulf coast- to the Yukonc ountrY. This trit was virtually rebuilt.,

v. rail ferry leboard the Alaska Railroadto' Portage on the Anchorage-Seward.Highw,ay.

THE Kk..\. vt PF \I \ N\D Cook \LET

Seward. on Resurrection Bag. isthe main port of the Kenai Peninsula,and south terminus clf the AlaskaRailroad. Most fishing is for coho.although pinks Eat some chinook alsoare caught. Resurrection Bay has beenclosed to commercial fishing for coho

..since 1965 A coho fishing derby isheld each year in August and is verypopular with local and Yisittng sportanglers Coho start running in the bayabout mid-July and the run usuallylasts till September with best fishing inAugust Shore fishing is popular in theSeward area. particularly aroundLowell Point 1.y-here Dolly Warden,pinks. and some coho are caught bycasting'fr,om the beach . .

There is good bottomfishing forrockfishes and lingc over rocky,

Resurrectionend literally moved .miles after being.*--, seYerely damaged by the 19644arth-

quake and tidal wave Fishing forthinaok is between February and late''Nla%. lid. coho are /taken here inAuiust and- September Considerableinterest is growing in halibut fishinginthe Valdez Arm area Vd there i's asmall. but developing cod fishery off the

areas- at the entranceBay 'Black, yelloweyeyellowidil. and tigersome of the speciesRugged aud Cheyalbottomfishing occurs

to(red snapper).rockfishes arelanded 'aroundislands Mostfrom mid-May

.Valdez Cio. Dock' ,

Across Prince William Soundfishing is good for coho f Port Wells

as lust been'..A small-boat harborcompleted at Whittierpetted that a sport fishery will developrapidly hei-e. The , town is within

' relatively easy access from Anchorageand points north and east yylth .con-nbctions via feFols% tojilialdez and via

and. it is ex-,

ti

8 51

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tkIr.

Cordova

2 4/; :Valdez 'a

3 Whittier

4 0- Seward

5 Homer '

0.

.04

1- PACIFIC ISLANDS

folloWing pages describe marine gacqe" fishing around the. tropical ishOds ail, American S'abloa. and Guam. The

out of the centr l Pacific Ocean neardithe tropics. while Amerinen Samololies below

approximately 2,600 miles south IS Honolulu4and westernmost territory of the Unitedin the western Pacific Ocean lest thinStet* is I

2,200 reiles,southvitaokyo, Japan. Although widely separat:gee grefiticolli, these islands all fall within the' boundaries ofar large:regidn characterized by a distinct marine faunaa-region th'atgextendslrtin East Africa acrossthe Indian Oceaninto tile central Pacific-beep. Thut many similear or identical

--sPecies occur in Hawaii, American Samoa, and Guam:- . .All of these Jelandi arse. voltinic in origin with the sea

bottom plunging fairly!** away froth shore, and in Manylocution excellent deitp-spa fishing ApporM.nities atvavailable'lwithin a rihittvely short- distance from port. Someof the tilltish.lind,b4ta grotindi have produced recfrd-sized4ph and,eaine0 :worldwide` iNcputation ins big-game fishing

I4

re

,c- '

circres. Pict although the. glamour': and excitement of deep-seafishing draws Mang to the offshore grounds, muchz,of thefishing conducted about the islanchi is for the great vftrigtY.9fsmaller tropical Mel found over ins' kore reefs and along.

''and The Most souffit-after fishes:are not: ..ri largest .or ones with the 'best ,fightiog.

abill Oars the,:valp Of a 'fith by, itStastitand the traditional Salves attac h h to 'clitChing_it

sitors-= ,

should always...first check locally the area:,'Phu? 11) ash unless 46PAFai.lie4- by

ski or guide. Ifptitintencl.tecrfish from -shore kconditions,...aCcassibiktyg d restricted

c k the edibility of .yoUr. c h. ArticularlY in &aerie:tinSamoa and Giterm.-Where.-a few.-speciee -are reportedpoisonous, ,Those known or suspectedto be pdrs'onolt parediscussed in the accornpariAng, text and in the.seicqion on-Marinet:.Game Fishes-of the.Pacificqslandi. ,.*

. -.

, v, I ^ : ^.-

4

until mid-July vy hon (oho fishingbegins .

Around the :tip. of the K-enai.Peninbula is the town of Homer. onKachemak Bay Hem& is blessed witha mild climate with. winter tem-peratures, seldom falling below zeroFahrenheit.4and ui can breezes keep

- summer temperatures frorn going mug h.above 70°F Recreational use cif

Kachemak 13,1%, previ6usli wasrelatly ell, low be ause, of poor roadi u,nnei nuns with Anl hut twe ' and

, neighboring communities. but sir4completion 61 the Sterling ilighav alconstrue lion of a new smajl,b t

.arbuj- an increa's ng number of ,,p rtanglers are I Omit "to. Homer to fishfur 1-ii'libut i Lill pink" pulls \ ardenflounders. c uq ' a.rid sabl,fish Hopei-Spit offers pier an shore flghtrig. andthere is short fishinqor coho`arauntiMud Bay on Kachemak Bay

4 Most, sport fishing on the Cookinlet sick? 'of the Kenai Peninsula ( oastis in risers and streams ,that emptyinto he inlet To help rebuild chinook

.salmon ski( ks .badly, daplied by thefisheries'. sport and l ornmerc 1,11 fisbinefor L hinoor was prohibiteA in CookInlet arid drainages, in 1964 {n 166.the Alaska Department of Fish' andGame, allowed . regulated 4portharvest from I.-ertain streams and

' rivers. including the Kencii RiverAnchor Riser. Nirprhik Riser. ,and ,t,

Deep Creek 'Fishing ,for chinook'usually starts..in iaterLMay, and 'eon-:ti.pe

insole streams. Clic-II-1°k) are 'then'rttits until mid-June 'in lower_

followed by Dolly Varden. which areavailable in mid-July In August andthrough September. co o scind

. stelThead ente he strea .of ;thelower penins,ura. steelh'ead ,rnal,contittuVto, run until October Pinksalso are taken in ccinside-rabJe num-bers from. pepihula streams 'duringsears of major. oink runs Best timesfor pinks and coho are in lull, andAugust

..,. tA saltwater fishery (from boats)

4, recently ,developed in Cook Inlet southof. Deep Creek is expanding rapidly.although rough water is frequently affnutigg lac tot.

The Kenai River has gill net/7

ish...ery for smelt ur eulachon( huuligan to Alaskans) each MayThe smelt are i aught generally trurnthe terminus of the Kenai River- aiCook Inlet to about 22 miles upstream

. Must of the its-fling (largely in May) isalong the 1-mile stren li, uf, the riverirlj,ic ent to the t icy of Kenai ,::early,ill fish are t aPtured with a gill nettied along a lung pule . Smelt are alsotaken in spring in other Cook Inlet(treams and in the Turn,again Arm"aroi but must tikshing in those areas isdune with dip nets

e

33 .k (link Island antiPoints %Vest

Kodiak Island (Chart, 33). site of' thefirst Russian settlerrrent in Alaska.offers excellent saltwater fishing forsalmon. halibut. sea-run trout. DollyVarden. and roclkfishes The northernpart of the island &is forested the.._southern portion is relatively treeless,with gras'sy slopes typical of thevolcanic and barren terrain of theAlaska Peninsula country Most. mcame fishing on Kodiak takes pla on

'the northeastern tip of the island closetv the' cif} of Kodiak. which haslaunching facilities. trickle stores,breakwater fishing. and some dockfishing Charter planes are ayailablleipr those,-who want to fish in the'moreremote areas such as Afognak Island

tlfe northFrom late May to Adgust. More

anglers catch Dolls Varden in andaround the mouths of the Buskin andPasagshak rivers In June.- sockeye areavailable around the mouths of these

82

two rivers and halibut are taken fromChiniak Bay'and Anton Larson Bay.Rockfish (rock bass) fishing isespethally productive along the northshore of Monashka Bay during sum-mer. Jul} brings excellent fishing forpinky in Chimak.Bay. and from Augustto October coho are abundant inChiniak. Pasagshak. and Monashkabays.

There is little sport fishing inmarine 'waters west of Kodiak. Mostrecreational fishing AS in fresh%streams and dives On the AlfPeninsu the e is- some fishing forsalmon. tro d halibut art ColdBaya windy' treeless outpost andhub of air opeea for - ifie. AleutiansGdyernment a,nd airline emploYees-ndtheir families make up most of thepopulation'at Cold Bay -Farther westbn the Aleutian Chain. military per-sonnel fish for salmon. Dofh Varden.and halibut at Adak Naval BaseNorthward on the Bering .Sea there iba tomcod and halibut fishery at Nome.but this is mostly subsistehce fishingThere is some saltwater angling fromshore around the mouth of the NomeRiver and from boats in afety Lagoon.

HALIBUT(JUNE) .,ONASrNKA c3A r

orPINK Szo__MONCOI-0DOLLY VARDE :GREENLINGPOCI.V1SH

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(M)110%

Sr.i----ESPE !ALLY .45 GOO SALMON

JULY -SEPT.JULYISHI-SE n.._ ,St _'.".

S;:. Alt's'

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CHART- 83

Shoreijshg Areas

PltFishing Foolotes

Dept., Founcfns

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'NO" -0 BE'. Llt.'1ED "70,R N AVIG A TION

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. -CHINOOK SALMONCHUM SALMON'DOLLY VARDEN,FLOU E RH 1B F

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.81

../

PACIFIC ISLANDS

The following pages describe marine gacolitshing around thetropical islands' ofHawaiianthe

ail. American S'afaioa. and Guam. Theout of the central Pacific Ocean near

eithe tropics:" while Amerikin Samosolies belowapproximately 2,60Q miles south Honolulu4

.Guam. this- and westernmost territory of the UnitedStaff, in the western Pacific Ocean lest ni,too iniles.southiiTokio, japan. Although widely separat

..,10:ograilhicizelti. these islands all fall within the' boundaries of:!:klarge:regide characterized by a diitinct marina faunaa-region thiat,extendsfrein East Africa "acrpss. the Indian Oceaninto tbucentralPaciqp-Ocetn. Mills many similar or identical

-species occur in Hawaii. American Samoa, and . .All of these .1066 aitt. voltnic in crighi with the sea'

bottom Plunging fairfy away frond shore. and in manylocations excellent deep-sea ,fishing -opportunities Erik_ayailable"yithin a relatlyely short-distance from port. Someof the 4;044.:ancl tuna grow* have produced record -sized

'Opt anaied,rnscra:worldwidentation in, big-game fishing. < '

,

r.

sl

-

circles. if ut although the, glarao_u_i and excitement of deep-seafishing draws many to the offshore IlrouAda. rauchz.of thefishing conducted abouPthe islands is for the great vpiety ofsmaller tropical tashel found over iiiskre reefs and along.rockfybud san* shores. The most songtt-after fishes:are not

rill t largest . or -the_ ones arithl the best ,figh,ting,shill many deis judge, the,:yalii of a fish by. its taste.12-n

'164 and the traditional Llamas Attach tc.cdtching, it and:.prep it.foi.the-Jablet

2-.sitors should always Check. locally the area

`plan to fish unless .accompanied_ -by a fissionalski r or guide!. if yea -fish froM-shore sk:abont":.sit conditions,.. accessi 1YR. 4 restricted_ l'Ilf#21313

.c k the edibility _of _your phrticularlY,,Samoa and Gee*. -wheke:a few species are reported to-Aie.-..5.poisonous, Those known, or; suspected-to be pd carediscussed in the accompanying. text and in the se on on-Marine-Game 'Ashes- of ,the-PadficVslande. :

,

000

a]

-HAWAIIAN ISLANDS,I.

The beautiful islands of our 50th State.Hawaii. are situated in the northCentral Pacific Ocean over 2.000 milessouthvitst of mainland North AmericaThe Hawaiian archipelago compriseseight major islands and. a numlier ofrocks Islets and small coral islands.The larger ,islands -are" actually thehigh peaks- of an undersea chain ofvolcanic mountains and rise steeplyand majestically out of the deep clear-blue waters of ate. Pacific. Geo-logically. the islands were forriledwest to east. the 1:,oungest island beingthe island of Hawaii. which still hasactive volcanoes. The oldest are thetiny coral sand islands at thewesternmost tip of the chain

The climate is largely influencedby the northeast trade winds thattravel over the cool, westward flowingNorth equatorial Current. and then areaffected by he high elevations and

cv contours of the islands. As a result,the islands have a relatively cool..wetwindward s and a warm. dryleeward side, is widevariation in temperature. wind° andrainfall according to locality Ingeneral. temperatures rang from 56°to 90°F. are Iowan frn Novemberthropgh April. and mild to warm therest year Wart net months areJuly. gust. 'and SeRtember whentemperatures may 'reach, 80° to 90°FOccasionally a southerly or "Kona"wind brings muglgines'S to the islandsand rain to the leeward coasts.

The population' is unevenlydistributed; 2°4o of the people -live onOahu. and ree-quarters of these n

the city o Honolulu' Havan. t. elargest isl d with six and a half timthe la ea of Oahu. has only fro of

ovulation.The islands of HavvTil offer

variety of excellent year-rnondfishing deep -sea. inshore. Lindshoreline fishing.

86p

4

a

34 Haxiiii Game

\Hawaii's blue marlin and jytn.a

grounds are world famous. ant! the,- professional skippers and crews th

fish these waters are among,, the moexperienced blue -water anglais in thworld. Charter -boats provide fullequipment and operafe year-round ona nonscheduled basis. Advancereservations should be made

withwith

individual boat operators 3rcharter services..Internationi GameFish Association's scales 'and weigh-

, masters are available7n all the mainislands.

The Major trolling grbunds forHawaii's sport fishing fleet a shownon Chart 34. MoM fishing is oneJhe calmer leeward coasts 'theisland's. The windward coasta 'ate

and the cliannel areas betweaIslands are just as productive for big

0.

0

game fish but the' seas in theseblustery areas are often rough andtend to discourage most anglers. Fishesthat are taken by trolling include blue,black. antr striped marlins (all called"au" by the islanders)..'"ahi (yellowfinttfna). aku (skipjack.,tuna),' mahimahi(dolphin). ono (wahoo). kawakawa.Tittle tunny). and kantnu (rainbowrunner or HavVAiiam 'salmon). Mosttrolling occurs in water f.000 fathomsor less; although off the Dona coast of-Hawaii; boats may fish over water upto 2.000 fathcan6 or more deep insearch of marlin and tuna.

Therer, are two basic types offishing strategieswa fishing and,ledge fishing. Arigle'r whO "fish' thearea work over a knuwn'productivefishingtground,such as Penguin Egnkor the "Chicken Farm." 'watching forflocks of seabirds hith f?ed on the..baitfishes That marlin and large tuna-5'

e'chase to the surface. Ledge fishinginvolves trolling along submarine, shelf 'areas` wheie marlin. tnna, and otherstnaller fish ar,e -known tocoventrateand .feed. 'Aside from. being cbxcellentmarlin ,and tirna areas.precipitous 'ledges also prodtico ttn-

-pressive, numbers of- ono- and kabala(arfiberjack). as well as the largedeepwater snappers which are caughthandlining on the bottlitm.

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CHART 34Hawaii Offshore Fishing Grounds

'AHI YELLOWFIN TUNAAKU - SKJPJACK TUNAKAWAKAWA LITTLE TUNNYMAHWAH! DOLPHINONO - WAHOO

,

1

0

87

35 Oahu

Oahu (Chart 35) is the political andcommercial center of the Island State,where , the bustling capital city ofHonolulu 'is located. It is here thatmostrof Hawaii's people live and work

The island is formed by tworugged .parallel volcanic mountainranges separated by a wide valleycarpeted with sugarcane andpineapple. Many shore recreationspots and'st arm views are within easyaccess along highways that circle andcross the island.

Honolulu's Kewalo Basin. only a 5-minute drive from the Waikiki hoteldistrict, has fine fleets of deep-seacruisers. Charter boats fish close-inand offshore'for many different typesof game fishmarlin. 'ahi. malurnahi.ka akawa. ono. and sometimes thede water snapperdepending inwit is running. Mdr.lin have beencaught .within a mile of the harbor__Honolulu boats often fish from PenguinBank to the east of the, island or workfrom the western or ,leeward shorealong Barbers Point to kaena Point offthe Waianae coast Penguin Bank isnoted for large schools of small tunaand mahimahi as well as marlurandono. The Waianae coast offers thecourt of fishing in the calm lee of theisland and a promiseof exceptionallylarge marlin and yellowfm tuba CahnCharter' boats out of Pokai Bay BoatHarbor lsn fish this area. On thewindward coast, charters areavailable at Hem Boat Harbor inKaneohe Bay, and when weatherpermits. there is good marlin fishingalong the 100-fathom drop uff between

'Makapuu Pointand Mokapu Point.

vi \F ',16)10- S110111\ Fisitt\r,V

Fishing from shore is probably themost popular way to fish throughout

88

the Pacific,Islands. Getting,to shore isrelatively easy in most placies, and thecost of this type of recreation isnominal. A variety of methods areusedL-.pole and line, netting. spearing,and ttFapping. Only a few .places inHawaii rent fishing tackle. but all of

islands have sporting goods stores .w e inexpensive gear, can be pur-chased,

Heavy bait-casting gear is usedmainly for ulua. an island term forlarge-sized jacks. These fish are highly

'ized by shore anglers and some arere rted to reach 5 feet long. Ulua arefou around rocky headlands andporn s. usually in 'turbulent water.So e of the best fishing spots for uluaon Oahu are KokoHead, Bamboo Ridge(north of Hanau.4a Bay and to thesouth of the Blow Hole). DiamondHead. Makapnu Point. and KaenaPoint. This type of fishing can bedangerous for the beginner because ofthe rugged nail( of the terrain inmost ulua fishing areas. Access tosome of the better fishing splits is.sometimes difficult,. and the surf canbe treacherousreports of anglersbeing swept from the roMcs by wavesare not uncommon,

Young jacks. called "papio." arefavorites light tackle quarry ftr pierand shoreline anglers,- Papio arecaught all around the island. beingmost abundant from August toNovember. Another member of the jackfamily, the akule. is also a popularlight tackle fish. Most pole fishing isfor young akule ,or "hahalalu' (oftenpronounced simply "halalu"), hichare caught in bays and harbors,has Pokai Bay,and Haleiwa Harbor. andin Honolulu Harbor by pier fishingunder lights Hahalalu are caughtmostly at night. as are a variety ofother inshore fishes.

Some fishes that are active' atnightwekes, aholehole, and ,'ama-'amaare caught by "torch fishing."On calm dark nights when 4he tide islow, persons armed

outspears or

hand' nets wade out over the reefcarrying lights to locate marineanimals. Years ago. torches weremade from dried coconut leaves, butnow gasoline lanterns and l5ettery-powered lights are used, Lobsters and"squid" (octopus to mainlanders) arealso taken torch fishing.

The "liukilau' is anothe;traditional island fishing method. Itinvolves a group. Of people. A largesurround net is used to encircle the,fip,h. usually in protected waters.Pncethe net is set in place everyone pullson tshe two end ropes. forcing the fishinto the net as it is draWn into shallow

'witta.f. Usually all kings of fishes arecaught with the hukilau net. andcustom dictates that anyone who vialshis feet during ening he given aportion of the catch.

Sume of the popu .shore fishing

Keehi Boat Basin

2 . Kewalo Basin

3

4/ .

Ala }Nat Boat Harbor

Maunalua B. Beach Pk.

Kathie Beach Park -

Heela-Kea Boat.Harbpr

Kahana Bay

Haleiwa

5

6

8

9 Pokai Bay Boat Harbor

and torching areas are shOwn on themap. In Honolulu Harbor there is pierfishing for 'oama. halalu,.and maomao.The shallow reef around HonoluluAirroTt is a favorite lotatiop . fornetting 'ama'ama; spinning for papioand 'o'io: and. on calm nights. torching,for weke. Parts of Waikiki Beach are'goiod for torch, fishing. especially for"squid" (octopus). There is also fishingfrom shore for aholehole, papio.'alna'ama. and awa along the Ala WaiCanal that cuts through the :WaikikiBeach district. Along" WaimanaloBeach. 'o'io end weke are caught fromshore, and moi are taken near thempuths of creeks emptying intoWaimanalo Bay.

Farther north. Kaneohe Bay hasnetting for surgeonfish (manini andkala). 'dma'.ama. akule. awaawa. andawa. Kaneohe Bay ,is also one of thebetter areas for octopus or "sand."and underwater spearing for kumu,

palani. and weke -'ula. 'Omakaare abundant seasonally,- and'aweoweo on occasions enter the bayin great numbers. All along the north-

.easterp coast there is shore castingover reef-and-sand bdttom for' papioand weke; over sand bottom_for moiand 'o'io; and cast netting and gillmatting inside of the reef forsurgeonfish, "ama'ama, and akule.

In Haleiwa Bay. hahalalu school ingreat numbers in late summer, andmany are taken by pole fishing fromshore.. Hahalalu and 'opelu are takenin the surf along the coast north ofWaianae; 'o'io and ulua are caught offthe shores aiPougsl Nanakuli; moi and

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PEARL OARBOR(M SR? PE,,,SJNNEt.A DEt.LNDENTS ONLY

1 PegrICity .0MAKA .

'AV A' A*,,',-`4KALA***AV. ilk'.*-+Vr

Ai NPA L AN

f ONE°A.INEOHE 5A

UFS,

----ejMokurnant

it akaos. Pt

,

15),

.

13.4yrs Pi

N.

MAt 4

141dIr, 3,1/0

Hay

11

VC E1,...Manana I

CHART- 35O

Head

Shorefishing Areas

T Torching Areas

U L1.) A :1,-,... ,1-------- '149,. . :-/r,P4c. -`"

Fishing Facilities.Sportboat Opercition

.Coral Reefs .

Depth tri Fathoms

.0*

93

R4T

Maktlouu Pt

ttUP

C H A N ,N E L

89

1

,'ama'ama are tfIktin by netting andshore cash' around Barbers Point.Fishing iniP rl Harbor is restricted bythe military, and it is fished by. servicepersonnel and their dependents. Theharbor is good for 'cast netting'ama'ama: pole fishing for papio.'omaka. nehu. and palani: and spin-fishing with lures for, kawalea.

There is a considerable amount ofsmall-boat fishing in " reef-protectedareas and in bays and harbOrs aroundthe island. All facility local ons in-'dicated on the map have launchingramps. except Kewalo Basp. 'Omaka.'aWeoWeo. menpachr. papio. and ,weke-'ula are caught from boats in KaneoheBay. and hahalalu sometimes are takenby skiff anglers in Haleiwa Bay. Largeulua are taken in thearea north ofMokapu" Peninsula. and boats bottom,fish fOr 'omaka in Pearl Harbor.

)

44

The island of Hawaii (Chart 36). oftenreferred to as the "Big Island.-contains two-thirds the land area ofthe entire island chain. It' consists offive volcanic mountains about 20 milesapart an linked, together by-3,000 to .000 feet hig rmed byoverlr i lava flows. Along thenortheas coast. the island takes thefull brunt of th northeast trades andis expos6d to h vy rains. The rest ofthe island is rat er dry'and-arid owingto the spongelike , porosity_ of .the rocksand tack of rain on th etvard side.All around the island. water depthlunges dramatically and rawily away

tom shore.

01,1,itom AND NEAR:Atom; FisiliNc;

Most offshore game fishing occuon the calmer leeward or Kona coalduring spring, summer. and fall.winter. especially during Janus y.

J.

there is little fishing a ivity becauseof rough seas. but fishin usua ly picksup again in February. Blue n canbe caugh,t all year. but 'a-re ostabundant from June through Oct.Striped marlin appear. to be moreabundanf during times when bluemarlin are least abundant (duringwinter and early spring). and are notcaught by sports anglers in as manynumbers as the bl Os. Best time for'A i is November rough April. Akuare taken ,all yea . but best catchesare made-in the summer.-Ono are mostabundant from April through August.

FheKona *coast is famed for itssmooth, clear wata, and ideal fishingcdnditions. It is also famous for theHawaiian International BillfishTournament. which .is staged everysummer at Kadua-Kona. Anglers fromall over the world cpme, to fish thewaters of the Kona Coast. whereseveral marlin over 1.000 Pounds havebeen landed in recent Mars. The mostpopular grouncls_fished. by the charterfleet are off Keahole Pointless thanan hour's ruiifrom Kailua-Kona. Boatsalso fish along the enttro- leewardcoast as far south as Kauna Point insearch of Marlin and tuna.

Farther inshore. 'ahi and ,ono- arytaken in goad numbers by. trolling overthe stee 100-fathom ledge. This drop -off are so 'is good for handliningonaga and ahala. From about 40 to100 fathoms there cis handlining andnetting for akule.. 'opelu. ''opakapaka,and some of the gontfkshes orwel,esweke-'ula and moana.Nearshore out to about 50 fathomsdeep. menpachi. manim. and moanoare taken. The Kawaihae (Kohala)coast on the northwest side of theyisland is. especially gfiod for on andalu as well as other smaller gamefishes However. waters tend to get alittle rough in the afternoon. when thewind usually picks up in this area ofthe coast. Boats based at Kawaihaeoften make the run down to the

grounds- off Keahole Point for marlinand tuna Whery weather permits.overnight trips are tmade from theKong area down to South Point for'alt.". ono, and 'opakapaka.

The windward coast has limitedoffshore fishing by trivate boats basedout of Hilo for marlin. ahi. ono. ma-himahi. and kawalea. These g undsare fished only by experienced a lersfamiliar with the areathe extr, melyheavy swells and rough seas not

for the'ntivie angler and boat handlerAkule. opelu. and taape are takenfarther inshore. and within the protec-non of Hilo Bay fishing is excellentfor moi and other small game fishes.

v

Although ac.Less is diffu ult. if nutimpossib e. along much of Hawaii's

4

#

Mahukona

2 * Kawalhae

Puako .*,

4 Zonokahau Harbot,

5 Kailua-Kona. I

.Keauhou B. Anchorage

8

9

k 10

11

12

13

t'llan_aunau_Bay__

.1 Milolii

Kaulana Bay.'

Pohoiki

Hilo

Laupahoehoe

Kukuthaelev

O

'Motes to Amluil ticastona1/1**High t,dr onit

I

: fcsi

C c Milne. there a ) many places. wh re tine can fish from shore. An

ass rtment If fishes are taken: amongthem the most sought after appear ,tobe 'la ge ulua and their younger off-sprin "papio-: the convict, tang ormane i: and young akule or hahalalu.

Hawaii's rugged .coastlineparticularly suited for uluaOne of t

Sis at

int. where blac ulua are mostundant in the Winter. And white ulua

are caught year-round, dominating thecatch in summer. Other good rireas,areUpolu Point. Kealakekua Point justnorth of Kealakekua Brix and the areameth of the Bay. and all along thewThdwardcoast south of Hilo.

The small but tasty manini is avery popular shore fish on the island

, of Hawaii They are caught all aroundthe island mostly by cast netters. c.

Panic) are abundant and arecaught pole Milling along the coast andin'hays and harbors. hahalalu are alsotaken pole fishing in bays and harbors.particularly, at Hilo. Ka waihae.lionokohan. Kailua. and Keaahon.

Some of the mom popular shore-fishing areas are indicated on the map.

-Along the leeward coast. 'ama'amaif\

NJ E

H A154z).A 1'1J;

2, L L

00

thaolu Pt

Howi-770\

'A MAMahulco

,270Haino/

2 _2 J Ho 0

31

VIPA KAPAKA/ONO-11u- /. /

49 .4

.4.A KOLE-VW A KA:OPELUTiVAPE

155'100"

20°

EXPERIENCEDFISHE MEN ONLY 'HEAV WE-tL.$

UALALAI

k

KONA At '414. Il

HOnokaho

KaituaKonaHUI NEE PALACE ST 1404.

Holualoa

'S

GENERAL't1,701.1-ING

'AH1MOI M AH I

110.2.mtt

Kecigoue

KeolakekuaCAPT COOK'S

1.111.0

dtAY4,4.44 Pt

ONO

M4HIMAHI

KAWALEA

'AH I

130,

It

MONUMEN!

KILAUEA CRATER

'132

,I33J ()3_7

MaCKEN2IE ST. P1<

Opthiliao

CopeKtmuksh,

ULUAPAPIQ'0't0m01

,

O

Atc

Hoopuloa

Milotif,g

Pahala

Punaluu

Honuapoo AKULE

00OVER LEDGE FOR'ONO'AFfi

-'INSHORE FOR'A.WEOWEOME NPAC HI

a

CHART 36 .

FISHED ONLY WHEN.WEATHER PE 4r.HITS'ONO..0 PA KA PA KA

Statute Wei1O1 3 4, 15? I

I Y 40 1 3 4 5 4.4

NutC Mies

NOT TO BE-, See N

115

201

LUAa,3e

,moo tO Poet)

20.

ShorefiNing Areas

12 Fishing Facilities

Sportboat Operation

_ 4 .; oms

OR NAVIGVION .c;41Charts "I

41.

- 95 91

and minim are taken from shore4 between Kawailuie ,aad Puako. There

is limited accesfver the lava fieldssouth of Puako. but Honokakau Harborand 'the coast south to Kailua offer,-sonte"shore fishing. South of Kailua-Kona there is interroittenr`Itcess toshore along th ighwaysome areasar privately ed. From aboutlieeauhou south to Kealakekua Bay the

/---/fishing is reported 'to be excellent, butaccess is difficultonly by way of adirt -trail about one-half mile south ofKeauhou Bay. In mOst of Kealakekuaray. fishing is restricted. but to thesouth there is shore fishing for ulua.menpachi. and papio (about a 5-minuteWalk to the beach)-.' A limited amountof shore fishing occurs near Hoopuloaand Milohi.

The windward,ar Hilo coast of the\,island has shoreiighing along Hilo Qayfor moi. and from the Hilo breakwaTerfir moi. manini. hatialalu, weke. andpapio. The area south of Leleiwi Point .

is good for moi. manini. aholehole......,4-_--k;Ituouoa. weke. 'o'io. and ulua. From. around Kaloli Point sou to Cape

KumukShi, large ulua are taken fromshore as well as menpachi and some of

.the fishes 'mentioned above'. Farthersouth at Opihikaa.;Alanders fistt formenpachi. maniiii; moi.. 'o'io. papio.and ulua. 'aunaluu Harbor' andHonuapo Bay hate a limited amount offishing_fK akule.

..- .

, 37 limirliolokai, Lana).hafilioiawe

tb

This, g.9,up (Chart ta7) waspRibably.oneeiti single island.but nowis separated by channels 6 to 9\mileswide and up to 100 fathoms- deep. TheIsland of Naui is c-411ed "The Valley'

from the lowtlyfng valley or isth-mus that links the two volcanic;mountains that form east and WMaui. It is the largest island of

,group apd the second largest island inthe Hawaiian chain. The Ivindward oceastern side is a succession .of gorgesrich in lush vegetation, cascadingwaterfalls, and black sand beaches.The leeward or western side of theislanti is characterized by golden sandbeaches: secluded coves. and veryclear waters.

The island of Molokai also isformed by two volcanic mountains. Itswindward side is' vela_ scenic withprecipitous cliffS. rising sheerly 500 to'4.600 feet from the ocean,h and in-dented by magnificent valleys. Theleeward side is a patchwork of ancientfish ponds fringed with coral reef.

The islands of Lanai , andKahoolawe are both single mouniairis.Lanai. owned by the Dole Pineapple

.Company. is primarily -a pinewleplantation: Kahoolawe is uninhabitedand sometimes used as a targetby the U.S. Armed):irces.

OFFSHORE FISHING

Sport fishing boats are availablefor charter on at the old whalingport of Lahaina. close to the KaanapaliBleath resort area. Most deep-seaMining takes place in the triangleformed by the islands of Maui. Lanai,and Kahoolawe. Fishipg aroundMolokai and Lanai can be arrangedthrough Maui charter services. At thetime of this-writing. charters were alsoavailable on an intermittent basis outof the port of Kaunakakai on Molokai.but this should be checked with thecharter services.

Boats out of Lahaina t'roll formahimahi, kawakawa. ono. and -binemarlin.' or bottomfish for deepwatersnappers, and weke-'ula. Most fishingis done in the protected lee of theislaAds. but during calm weather sameboats venture'out in the channel areasto bott fish 'over_, the productivesubm ledge of the Pailplo

hannel, t e 100- thom ledge whereAuau and ealai hiki channels meet.and around island of Kahoolawe. Itis best, to ch k with the HawaiiDivision -dr ,Fish and Game aboutfishing 'around Kahoolawe: sometimesit is restrictgd during Navaloperations. The area to the west ofLanai and Molokai is fished by

',privately owed vessels thecharter fleet out of Oahu.

INSHORE AND SHORELINE kisinNG

Baches. rocky points, and reefsalong the -coastlines of these islandsoffr excellent opportunity for spinfis mg. . su4 ii casting, net fishing., andspearirig. On Maui. skiffs can berented al, hahaina for > nearshorefi along the Lahaina coast from,Lipari °Int to Maalaeu .Bay alongI lighwa 30.

4!.

A CO 43'<t 'VV 0 4T A.444 A .4F .4. (,)0,

Cie'97 R

*A41

0

y to9

i' 1 El Kauealcaicai. Molokail. . ,

Af.

. .

' 2 Kiitumalapau pier. Lanai 1.-% 'a.t.:2°

0 3 Maiiele Boat flbr-Latial.a/ , .. 4 ,., II( ,tt.aliina. Mu`

W-.. . ', 1. .--

5 Maallea Boat libr.; Maui..,..,

eis , 3, liana. Maui

7 Malik° Bay. Ma

Kahului, Mauior,

. --, . ...

Perhaps Maui's most popularshore fish is the 'o'io (bonefish), whictgrows to a substantial size inHawaiian Waters. 'O'io and awa aretaken from shore and skiffs along theLahaina coast south to Maalaeaand along the shore' of Maalaea Sayand to's'the south:- Large ulua also aretaken alai the Lahaina coast, at thearea shown on .the chart. On theea,s tern or windward side of Maui.

....--- aWa and akulg are caught in KahuluiBay during the fall; akule also are "taken in Hana Bay. South of Hana gay-there is occasional shore, fishing ia-->,

winter for moi. aholehole: and manini.At the southwestern sip of the island atLa Perose Bpy, akule. rhenpachi. anda wide assortment of reef fishes are.,taken from shore. 4

Qn Lanai, most shore fishing takesplace on the northeastern side eff theisland, which is edged with luxurious',cbral reef. Kaumaladau Hart or Fias

'= pier fishing and fishing for dihra just .outside of the harbor eqtrave. ' 1

On the island of Molelai. shoreand skiff fishing ior ulua\is exceptional.,all, along the leeward coast inshore of

. 20 fathoms. -)From 'Kaunakakai to ''''-lIale a there is fishing from shore for,

'0'10. awa, 'ama'ama. The westernshow offers

eulua. moi, and 'o'io "

i fishing.,i

\-_c_

.if-." Ilao Pt.

,TROLUING FOR-MARLINMAHWAH!AHI Ulu PhONO.,BOTTONSFISONAGAUKU

K4

maRutv,A.HtMAHKA

tAKAWA

KJ!,

.

Pala0.4Pt.

AF-11 \Nk 's .MARLINI

MAHIMAHIKAWAKAWA

-1-ONO

F1 "V<...

100

H

ESPECIALLY0000 AREAS

1

FOR AKU AND-a,.IKAWAKAWA

#1el A/NEL.

,oa Pt.

L.POJPt

lionokp4au.

wAmiKiiuST. WAYSIDE

\lahainct,

,

(3:3.=

-mitarcurci-, :ONAGA(WEATHERPERMITTING)

MAACAEA BAY

Ca:.Ndi End

CHART 37

Shorefishmg Areas .

5 Fishing Facilities

Torchmg Areas

Sportboat Operation

Coral Reefs

Depth in Fathoms

Statute P.1es° 1 2 3 4 10 15

k I(,) 2 3 4 10 15

Naut.cal Mites

NC'''. TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS NaubcalCharts

P 44 0 4O

AKUL E I Al L,

o PE.

Nealaika, Pt.

Li, .7 11A'." ,

IS 's

NA.'

I

Pt

9-7

Cc

P Y JUG/4...v1- I 0

1,1 Bar

Aiwa, AKILLHead

",00

93

(.*

38 Kauai, Niihau, Kahl

The island oC Kauai Chart 8), about63 miles west-northwest of Oahu. is tjieoldest. most weathered. and -mostverdant of the larger I ands. Thisbeautiful "Garden Isle' abounds inMars and cascading w terfalls. Theisland consists 'mainly of a singlemountain. Waialeale (5. 80 feet). withmarginal lowlands e cept on thenorthwest. The chief s enic attractionsare Waimea Cany nthe "Gr'andCanyon of the Pacif c": the spaciousHanalei 'Valley wh re rice and taroare cultivated on n tive-built terraces:and the Na co st on the northwestWith its 4.000-fo t high precipices.Niihau. a small island southwest ofKauai. is' pri ately, owned andoperated as a cattle -ranch. Kaula(stand is uninhabited. and access issometimes restricted by the military,.

OFFSHORE AND NEARSHORE FISHING

, "Kauai has some of the finest year-round 'deep-sea- fishing in Hawaiian

.waters and boasts some world-record-size 'ahj, 'o'io. and kamanu. Chartersare available out bf Nawiliwili Harbor.'Hanalei. And Port Allen. At 'Hanaleiyou have a choice of either deep-sea orinshore bonefishing excursions.

Ledge fishing (trolling and bot-tomfishing) is excellent ar,ound theseislands. The submarine ledges areproductive bottomfishing' areas for'opakapaka. ukst. and kahala. which%are taken in water about 100 fathpmsdeep. Ono and small 'ahi (usuallyunder 100 pounds) are plentiful year-

94

7

round from about 25 to 100 fathoms.The peak of oii6 fishing is September.October. and November, when hugeschools of akule. upon which ono feed.move intolhe area. It is also the peaktime for small 'ahi. both ono and 'ahiare taken by trolling.

Anglers troll for marlin and large'ahi (over 100 pounds) in deeperwaters from about 100 to 1.000fathoms. Tremendous-schools of 'ahimove into Kauai waters in the latespring, with sizes known, to reach aworld record of 276 pounds. Marlinare fished year-round. but most fishingis in . summer (May to September)when aku. the prime bait for marlin.move into the area in large schools.Vrom September to January, aku arestill present around the island, but

r not as lightly schooled.Mahimahi, although caught in

Kauai wafers, are not as abundanthere as around the islands loCatedfarther east.

SHORE FISHINGA

'O'io, papio. moi, and 'ama'amaare abundant.all around the island ofKauai. 'Aweoweo, menpachi. hahalalu,and various kinds of goatfish are takenby shore anglers. Torch fishing and"squidding" are popular, esucially inKapaa Bay, Anahola Bay, and over thereef off Haena. At Haena duringmoonlit nights at low tide, the localpeople enjoy reef fiThing with bamboopoles for 'upapalu or "moonlight fish."There is pier fishing for a variety of

98-

4'

.. ,

fishes at NaWiliw;li Harbor. Hanalei.Port Allen. and Kukuiula Harbor.

One of the finest bonefishinggrounds in the world is located offHa.nalei along the north shore. wherethe former world record was held foryears (18 pounds 2 ounces). Hawaiianbonefish ('o'io) are taken stirf fishingor bottomfishing with cut baitwatercondition are not contiucive to flyfishing.

1

,ft04.

t,

sti-. 4,

.,e #.stA. 4 ,

S 4'5!

ti

(1' Newilliillt2 WallueMarin

1' Hanalei

4. Pdt4.09PI*k ,134' Kuliutplaikiat'He.i..

9

.Y

fJt

OA 0 1

'0'10 s;

TROLLINGSMALL 'AHONC

111.

A

5

BOTTOM.FISH44-G FOR'OPAKApAK4, ,,UKU .KAHALA//

r-fig'Sca.

.Woi 11050

Elty

AANIAF1P10 -

'4 .

K A

LEI4tJA BLUE MARLIN (ALL YEAR) -STRIPED MARLINLARGE 'Aft!BLACK MARLIN (OCCASIONAL L`C)

EDGE 15E111\26,OODY AR ROUND

LL ',15/1D ON

e

ARC,EKI A R.LI N

SOO

2

T RNLI. INC, FUNSMALLONNFIAT IHME-1,HINc, rawUKlpia,OPAKAPAKAHALA

\ti ,o"

99

Statute Miles/1 2 3 4

lb

Stiff ri - I0 t 2 3 4 10

Naut.cal Miley

O

NOT TO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS - Nautical Charts

CHART 38

Shorefishing Areal

Depth in Fathoms

TTorching Areas

5 Fishing Facilities

Spartboat Opeichion

Coral Reefs

95

r

ei

39 *AMERICAN S 1\101

e tropical islands of Americannmoa (Chart 39) are , in the southCe,ntrat Pacific Ocean, approximately2,200 miles southwest of the HawaiianIs,lands and 1,600 miles northeast ofthe northern fir-) /of New ZealandAmerican Samoa is an UnincorporatedTerritory of the United States andcomprises seven islands Tutuila,Aunu'u. Ta'u, 01losega, Ofu, Swains.

_and Rose Atoll:Five of these islandsare mountainous and volcanic inorigin, anti two (Rose Atoll and Swains?Island) are tiny coral atolls each lessthan 2 miles in diameter. The com-bined'Iand area of all the islands isascant 76.2 square miles. or about one-sixteenth the land area of our smallestState. Rhodolaliind.

The five larger islands aresurrounded intermittently with narrowstrAtches of coral reef, beyond whichthe water depth plunges fairly rapidlyaway from shore. Submerged bankareas may extend out 1/2 to 4 milesbefore dropping dramatically from 50fathoms to 'depths greater than 500fathoms. The islands are bathed by thewarm waters of the South EquatorialCurrent system, with sea surfacetemperatures ranging from 75° to 86°Fover the course of a year.

The climate of American Samoa istropical, and air temperatures arefairly uniform, averaging 78° to 80°Fat sea .level. Rainfall is generallyheavy, increases with altitude, and isgreater on the South and east coasts.Trade winds blow from the southeastquarter about 80°/0 of the time but arerelatively light compared to those ofHawaii. Best weather is fromNovember to April when these windsAre generally lightest.

About 900/0 of the total populationof 27400 is located on Tutuila Island,the ,largest of the island group andwhete Pago Pago is located. The islandis about 18 mils long and 5 miles wide96

1

ea

with a mountain range along its length.It is nearly' bisected by the % deepwaters of Pago Pago Harbor, one ofthe finest. d.)td most beautiful ports inthe SouthAaaCific. ,.,

. ,

A tourist industry is. developingrapidly on Tutuila Island, and, the

increased tourism has brought agrowing_ interest in the sport fishingpotential o Sarnna's prOductivegrounds whic now yield high com-mercial catch s ol billfish and tuna.,Two licensed sport fishing: boats arenow available for charter out ofFagatogo on Pago Pago Bay. Fishinggrounds are close, in and offshore ofthe island.,

t

OFFSHORE, FISHING

Large game fish are abunda9,tthroughout the year in Samoan waters,and many good fishing locations arewithin a relatively short run from port,.Billfish grounds off Tutuila Islandproduce saula (blue marlin), saula-lele(sailfish), asi (yellowfin tuna), atu(skipjack tuna), rainbow ruri)aer.masimasi and ono wahool.lAters on the north side of th islandsare virtually unfished, b t showpotential of being excellent big game

, fishing grounds as well. While they arecaught year-round, the best time forlarge asi is March to July. and for atu,

'October to March.. 1 Inshore of the billfish grounds

along the 100-fathomdrop off, there ishandlining and trolling for ono, tagi(dogtooth tuna). sapatu (barracuda),and large jacks or ulua. Most tagi arecaught, handlining at dusk orat night.Sharks are also common along theseledge areas, particularly the gray reefshark.

Bottomfishing is excellent andusually takes place io waters 100fathoms or less; the main catchconsists of groupers and snappers.Visitors to the island should be warnedthat the flesh of some snappers may be

'I

toxic, and it is wise to in'quire locallyabout the edibility of certain species.Groupers, collectively called "gatala"by Samoans, are generally taken at 10to 40 .fathoms over reefs and ledgeareas. The most common species aregatala, gatala moana, i'a manaia, andata'ata, which is similar to California'sgiant sea bass and ranges up to 500

, pounds but gene.r.11y is frost 100 tq 400. pounds. Of the snappers. the most

common ,varieties are the colorfulbluelined snapper or gal/gni. which isthe most abundant: the green snapperor filoa (reported to be slightly toxic.inSamoan. waters), and the red snapperor mala'i. Another common snappercaught handlinint known locally, asmu, is defintely known to causecigugtaa poisoning and should not beeaten. A'ao'ama. (ukul. a nontoxicsnapper, is sometimes' taken overbottomfishing areas along with some ofthe large jacks, atule (4kufe). 'sapatu,tagi, and sharks. Deeps ter snappersstth as opakapalw and. pain (onaga)are more a45undarit farther offshoreover ledges at 200' to 360 fathoms.

These d'eeper areas, however, are

°<4,

41,

4*0 4.zt, 0*k

1 , '0 Fagatogo

2e Pago Page

C3', Fagasit

Nautotat Mile,

i 3 41

I I2 3

Statute Mlle"

it

5

45

NOOTO BE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

ONF R'sANt: L 0,%

PAGOPAGO

:9 Fogcliogo3 ix

N' r

muLLE

LMaPilcilg°eone/ : Tafuna

Fafig:

COCkSCOrne Pt

1Po,a ' 1

CdPe Merettlle 1141

170'30

5'NARRE RGROUPERS'(G ATAL A)

ATULE

Matull 'Pt

e AUtZULI 1.

/20

MARLIN (SAULA)

OLOSEGAYELLOWF TitiNA cAS,

169°

Maga 2.

S

14

ONO.(WAHOO)

U A (JACKS)St'ATU (BAR RACUTAG I (DOGTOOTH T ANA)SHARKS

MARLIN (SA,ULA)ASI 0'.ELLOWFIN TUNA, AF-I(i, 50.200 LB.)SAULA-LELE (SAILFISH, Aq-PLERE)ATU (AKU. SK1PJAcK TUNA) '

30'

MANNAISLANDS.

169 30'

14"

170 140

seldom fished becaus fishing for othergame fishes is so good closer to TutuilaHarbor. The same' is true for ' thebottomfishing areas around the ManuaIsland group, whfch are fished mainlyby natives who launch canoes in thesurf on the west end of Ta'u Island.Rose Atoll, a turtle and bird preserve.

' is also too f4r from pprt to be afeasible fishing gr9und at this time.

SHORE FISHING

to!

II

(The inshore reefs of TutuilaabOti,nd with over 600 varieties ofcolofful fishes, and few have goneuntested 'by the Samoans. who preferto comb nearby reefs rather' than

'venture to offshore fishing grounds. Asa ,resillt.' these reefs have been sub-jected to heavy fishing pressure overtile yea rs and. unfortunately. arebowing signs Of depletion.

Most shore fishing' is done bywjiding out Over the reefs at high tide.A, variety of sea creatures are cap-

. hired in an almost equal variety\ of

MARLIN (SAULA)ASf ('AHI, YE LLOWF IN TUNA)ATU tAKU, SKIRJACK TUNA)

170'30

5

CHART 39

4 Shorefishing Areas

Depth in Fathoms

Corot Reefs

Sportboot Operotior?

2 Fishing Facilities

wayswith traps, nets. spears, hookand line, or simply bare hands and apail. The most common methods arebamboo pole fishing and cast netting.Young snappers and groupers are themain catch, but "lupo" (young jacks)."malau" and other, squirrelfishes.goatfishes. and even an occasionalbutterflyfish and surgeonfish aretaken. The shore is accessible all alongthe' southern side of the island and onthe north shore at Fagasa where theroad follows the shoreline. It is ad-vis le to check with local chiefs'- ormai before fishing near theirvillagesjust as you Would ask .aproperty owner permission beforefishing on his land. Spearing is legal,but generally discouraged.

Atule and mullet are fished inlagoons and bays around the island.Atule are caught good numbers bypole fishing from shore in Pago PagoHarbor. mainly from the docks andpiers on the west side of tht harbor.Unlike his Hawaiian counte,rpart. theSamoan atule is caught easily duringthe day as well as at. night. Skiff

401

anglers alsb catch this tasty little fishhandlining. Mullet are taken in sandybays,and lagoons with cast nets. andPahl L goon is considered one of thebest fr ing areas for this silveryschooling fish.

A very unusual fishery exists inAmerican Samoa. one which thepopulation looks forward to with eageranticipEition! Itis the fishery for palcao.Each year at a predictable time, ineither October or November. the tail Jends of a species of reef-dwelling sea,worm become detached and swim tothe surface, in wriggling masses. The'tail sections are full of eggs and spermwhich are discharged into the water.\ On these nights. and usually ON for a'few hours, the reef comes alive with.great swarms of palolo. The native's.'armed with dip nets, pails, and otlieA ',capturing devices. wade out ov,or fhe

reefs to scoop up large quantifies ofthis unusual Samoan delicacy. Paloloare usually eaten raw, but for the lessbrave they can he cooked withchopped onions or. scrambled witheggs. , ^ .

97

1-1

V

CU GUAM

Guam' (Chart 40); about '3,340 mileswest of Honolulu and 1,500- miles eastof /Manila-. is the largest andsouthernmost island in the Marianasisland group. Administered by the U S.Navy for over half a century. theterritory was placed under the ad-ministrative jurisdiction of theDepartment of the Interior in 1950 byabcutive order of the President of thgUnited States. That year. the OrganicAct was passed by the U.S..Congressand became Guam's Constitutio,n,givjng Guamanians US. citizenship andestablishing the present 21-seatlegislature. ,

' - The island FS. important as adistribution center for Micronesia andas a major link between these,islandsnd the rest of the 'vorld. Because ofrits strategic geographical location and

beautiful tropical setting. Guam hasseveral large military bases, a growin

,,,,,,,tourist industry, arid many thrivie new businesses.

The ,Ohysicalvkgeography of theisland contrasts sharply north to south.The northern part of the island is alow-lying limestone plateau covered bya thick 'growth of 'tingle vegetation,The south, rising t wore than ,1,000feet above sea leve is characterisedby high volcanic hills' covered. withsword grass. The island is about 23miles long and varies from 4 to8 miles, ,wide., . %

. The climate is tropical with -airtemperatures' ranging -frorn '70° to90°F. Daytime tempeatures are

, .usually in the mid-80's. Average,,. rainfall is about 90 in fl three-

quarters of , which' Ails during the6 rainy season from July topclob,er. The

driest month, is April.guam's offshore waters 'abound °

with a variety; of . game fish:* Updoubtedly the most fa, ous- is the 'Pacific blue tnirlin. On '21 ,August .

1969, a world-record blue marlin was. -

98 , , - , '.. .,

4

caught off Ritidian Point near thenorthern tip of Guam. This huge fishweighed in at,1,153 pounds with a totallength of 14 feet 8 inches. A fishingderby is held each -year at the end ofthe Liberation ray celebration in July,and many, sport, anglers register forthis a nnuatevent.

Most offshore fishing takes placeon the leeward or western side of theisland because of rough waters usuallyprevalent on the windward pr easternside. The trolling grounds produce bluemarlin, black marlin, sailfish. yellowfintuna., skipjack tuna. mahiniahi,rainbow runner. tosun or wahoo,barrachda. and sharks. Marlin, wahqk,and tuna are caught Occasionallythroughout the year; the best time formahimahi is durihg Japuary andFebruary; and yellowfin and skipjacktuna are usually most abundantFebruary through August.

Bottomfishing is excellent oversubmarine ledge areas surrounding theisland and over offshore banks. Thecatch consists rpostly of snappers andgroupers.- Some of the more commonsnappers are the pink kali kali, pinkpeke, yellowtail, gendT``. lehi, ehu,onaga or red: and tagafi. Groupers arecollectively, called "gadao" byGuamanians. Dogtooth tuna am! jacks(called collectively tarakito) aee alsotaken in some of the bottomfishingareas.

'Many people on the island enjoy'fishing from shore, and the mostpofmlar methodi 'seem to be spinfishing and surround netting. Theisland isrimmed,,by many miles ofbeautiful coral reefs and the waterover these reefs 'ranks among theclearest in the, woraespecially duringthe dry season...Anglers with spinninggear casf from' the reef shelves /orsnappers, . groupers, and jacks, andfrom the piers and in boat channels,foratulai (akule or bigeye scadF andtataga (kale. unicornfish). Other fishessuch as ^ young snappers, wrasses.;mullet., fit rakttiyos (young jacks),needlefish, and achuman, ('opelu or

' mackerel seal) are taken Occasionallyby hook-andline anglers. Thb surroundnet captures an assortrrient of reef

-fishes including those mentioned above'as well,,as some of the goatfishes and

parrotfishes. Cast net operators flingtheir circular nets oven the wateNlorfish that wande'r about the *reefsInschools,'such' as manini (known locallyas "kicho"),, young mullet, goatfish,and sesjun (rabbitfis)t. There is alsosome spearing for octobus, parrotfish,fand gurgeonfish, as well, as other reeffishes.

Some of the mote popular shore-%fishing areas are shown on the chart.

Atulai are taken during most of theyear (May to March) along the channel

"area that cuts, through the reef atAgana and at.the southern tip of theisland neat Merizo. There is shorefishing in Apra Harbor for papio,':atulai, and occasionally achuman(' opelu).- Tataga are taken at Agana

o' and sometimes at ,the north side ofCabras Island, as well as near thereef's outer edge on ,the southern shoreof Ylig Bay.' The latter area also isgood for snappers---mafuti, kakaka,and bua. It is. advisable to checklocally about the waterd you plan tofish, since currents ove0the reefs aresometimes dangerous.

Sport fisting boats are rivail.iiblefor charter uit f Port Merizo andAgana. Skiff can be rented at PortMerizo, and there are boat launchingfacilities at the Apra Harbor seaplaneramp and at the Agana boat basin.

,

440,,4°1'ices c,4, eiEs

1' opralilir.seeiplaneraili

AganaBoatBasin

3 Fort Merlie'f

A.../..16.k

40

Shorefishing Areas

Depth in Fathoms

3 Fishing Facilities

Sportboat Operation

Coral Reefs

J

144-140'

SKIPJACK TUNA (AKU)TOSUN (ONO, WAHOO)YELLOWFIN TUNA AHI)MARLINMAHIMAHI

I

1,

\ SNAPPERSP ONAGA'

LEHIEt-4U ('ULA'ULA)

O Statute 5

1 1I

0 1 2 3Nautical Nts

NOT TORE USED FOR NAVIGATIONSee NOS Nautical Charts

MAHIMAHIMARLINTOSUN (ONO, WAHOO)SKTJACK TI INA (AKI))YELLOWFIN TUNA ('A1-1!)

SNAPPERSGINDAI

YELLOWTAIL/KALIKALI

SMALL LEHI

-a

145 TOO

MARLINYELLOWFIN -TUNASKIPJACK TUNA (AKU)TOSUN (ONO, WAHOO)

SNAPPERS TAKEN OCCASIONALLYTHROUGHOUT YEAR, WEATHERPERMIT KINGPINK KALIKALI (KALIKALI)PINK PAKA (OPA KAPA KA)YELLOWTAIL KALIKALI

Pit(olan Pt

A-nantes Pt

,

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BARRACUDAMARLINMAHIMAHI

4'

GADAO (GROUPER)SNAPPERSONAGA .GINDAI

Pt

13°40'

SNAPPERSGINDAI

"41YELLOW TAIL KALIKALIC..)

Catalina Pt

145 "'000..40

Ors

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SNAPPERSGINDAIYELLOWTAIL_ KAI IKALI

13° .20

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13"20

COOTAktAKIT) (JACKS)TAKEN ALL YEAR,WEATHER PERMITTING

°YEAR ROUND, WEA,THER..PERMITTING

TARAKITO (JACKS)

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1

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A

p

MARINE GAME FISHESThe fotowipg pages list some of the more common marine .

game_fishes caught within the geographical areas coveredin this Guicte. Major species are illustrated. Fishes takenlong the west coast of the continental United States

)e'described first; those taken around the tropical

acific islands of Hawaii, American Samoa, and Guam arecdvered on succeeding pages. The list is separated inthis way to assist the reader in finding the fishesfamiliar 011his general geographic area. To Help'avoidconfusion with common fish names tin index to common

or names referred to in this list is provided in theback of the guide. All-tackle record's are thoserecognized by the International Game Fish Associationas of 1974, Figh illutrations by Susan E. Smith.

10

101

r

Marine Game Fishes of the litiited,Staies West Coast

This list describes those marine andanadromons species commonly takenby anglers along pnd off the'coasts ofCalifornia, Oregon, Washington, andAlaska.

Off southern California mostpelagic species taken by the marineangler are subtropical,, and commononly from Point Contention south to offBaja California,i Mexico. Point Con-ception. 40 miles west of Santa Bar-

'bare, Calif.. is generally agreed to be' the major .ecologi'cal and faunaldividing point for many pelagicspecies. . However. Pacific bonito.Pacific mackerel, and bluefin tuna.which are common in the south, occurat times nbrth of Point Conception, andconxersely. northern species such ascoho salmon sometimes range south ofPoint Conception: In the deeper coolerwater over the continental shelf irealso found many species that rangenorth of the Point.

,From Point Conception north tosouth central Alaska one encounters afairly constant species composition

throughout this temperate en-vironment. North of Point Conception,extending to at least Cape Blanco,Oreg., there exists a major coastal"upwelling" area which results in coolwater nearshore much of the year.Another environmental change fromtemperate to subarctic occurs fromabout the Aleutian chain in Alaska

.north beyond the Bering Sea.

, For the most part, this list usescommon and scientific names asdefined in the Ainericqn FisheriesSociety checklist [Bailey et al. 19701,except for the use of "surfperch" forall members of the family Embio-tocidae. Some species descriptions willhave more than` one common name;however, the common name approvedby the American Fisheries Society iscapjtaliKed The authorized scientificname and the name of the individualcredited with describing the speciesfor the scientific record are given last.

For those anglers wishing toensure correct identification of theirwest coast catch, we suggest the

folloiving publicadns. Much of theinformation in this list was. derive'dfrom identification lists prepared bythe following authors:

Hart, J. L.-1973. Pacific fishes' of t Can-

ada. Fish. Res. BoardCan., Bull. 180, 740 p.

Miller. D. J., and R N. Lea.1972. Guide to the coastal

marine fishes of California.Calif. Dep. Fish Game, FishBull. 157. 235 p. N

Phillips. J. B-.1957 A review of the rock-

fishes of California (FamilyStorpaenida.e). Calif. Dep.Fish Game. Fish Bull. 104.158 p.

Tarp, F. H.'1952. Revision of the Family

Embiotocidae (the surf-perches). Calif. Dep. Fish.Game. Fisli Bull. 88, 99 p.

ALOPIIDAE: THRESHER SHARKS. ,

1.

LAMNIDAE: MACKEREL SHARKS CARCHARHINIDAE: REQUIEMSHARKS

1. THRESHER SHARK. fox sharkswivelled: Alopios vulpinus (Bonnaterre).DISTRIBUTION: Temperate and tropicalwaters of OK PAcific, Indian. and Atlanticoceans arid the Mediterrandpn Sea. SIZERemrtedlareach.21110,25-feei" (610-762 cm)long- jind weigh up to 1.000 pounds (453.6kg) or more However, the usual catch isless than 30 pounds (13.6 kg). All-tacklerecord for the PtIcific (Mayor Island. NewZealand) is 729 pounds (330 7 kg) and 101Inches (256 6 cm) long. COLOR Gray toblack above, fading to white below 1.7-Apelagic shark common to the offshoreWaters of the eastern Pacific south of CapeFlattery, Wash. Caught-.:difring summer incentral and southern California: bestfishing is in the Los Angeles outer harbor.One of the most desirable species of sharkfor table food. also excellent when smoked

102

2 SHORTFIN 'MAKO, bonito shark. Isurusoxyrinchus Rafinesque. DISTRIBUTION.Temperate and tropical waters of ,010.,Pacific Ocean to Hawaii and japan. Knownin the eastern Pacific from the ColumbiaRiver to Chile. SIZE Reported to reach12feet (366 cm) long and weigh up, to Ipouhds (453.6 kg) However, the qa,,usually ranges from 4 to 8 feet (122-244 em)long. All-tackle record in the Pacific (MayorIsland. New Zealand) is +.061 pounds (481.3kg4 and 12 feet 2 inches (370.9 cm)long. COLOR. Dark gray above, whitebelow. Appears off the southernCalifornia coast in summer, and is thesubject of a growing sport fishery. Apelagic shark. may be dangerous tohumans, but regarded as a good foodspecies.

4

405

4,

3. BLUE SHARK. Prionoce glouco (Lin-naeus). DISTRIBUTION. Tropical andtempe-rate seas of. the world; in eastern,Pacific Ocean froM Chile to the Gulf ofAlaska. SIZE: Length is reported to 15 feet(457 cm). but most caught off southernCalifornia are 4s than 8 feet (244 cm) andweigh" less than 50 pounds (22.7 kg). All-tackle record in the Atlantic (Rockport.Mass.) is 410 pounds (1 .0 kg) and 111/2feet (350.6 cm) long. C LOR: Dark blu

4.4bove. white below. 11} ne of the moreimportant pelagic sharks in catches of thesouthern California.. sport fishery duringsummer and fall. Good fighter on lighttackle, but not a particularly good foodspe.cies. Common to offshore waters. butalso occurs inshore off southern andcentral California during summer and fall.

4. BROWN SMOOTHHOUND. Mustelushenlei (Gill). DISTRIBUTION:, Gulf ofCalifornia. Mexico. to liumboldt Bay.

Calif. SIZE Roaches about 3 feet (91 ( m)long. COLOR. Reddish brown fading towhite on belly. El Common in bays from SanFrancisco south and is one of the mostabundant sharks entering the sport fisherycatch. It is a good sport species on lighttackle and frequently taken by anglersalong sandy shores. from piers. 'and inharbors.

5. GRAY SMOOTHHOUND. Musteluscalifornicus Gill. DISTRIBUTION:Mazatlan. Mexico. to Cape Mendocino.Calif. SIZE: Length recorded to about 5feet (152 cm). COLOR: Dark gray to brownabove, white below. 0 Of minor impoganceto sport aftglers: commonly taken in thesurf zorierttowever.

MYLIOBATIDAE: EAGLE RAYS 11. GREEN STURGEON. Acipenser medi-c rostris Ayres, DISTRIBUTION: Ensenada.

Baja California. Mexico. to Alaska. BeringSea. and Japan. SIZE: Length to 7 feet(21.3 cm). weight to 350 pounds (158.8 kg):most caught .are. much smaller thanthis. COLOR: Olive green with threelongitudinal olive stripes on body. 0 Similarin habits to the white sturgeon. althoughless is known of its life history.

-

SALMONIDAE: TROUT AND SALMON

9^P

6. LEOPARD SHARK. cat shark, Triakissemifasciata Girard DISTRIBUTIONMazatlan. Mexicd, to Oregon SJZEreported to attain 6' /2 feet (198 cm) inlength COLOR. Gray with black spots andcrossbars: belly lighter ; Abundant incentral and southern California and caughtlargely in bays, off le`(tiel and along sandybeaches most of the Pear. Caught in Margenumbers during the fall in San FranciscBay A desirable food species.

RH1NOBATIDAE: GUITARFISHES

7. SHOVELNOSE GUITARFISH. shovelnoseshark. Rhinobatos pl'oductus (Ayres).DISTRIBUTION; Gulf of California. Mexico.to Monterey Bey. Calif. SIZE: Reaches alength of about 5 feet 4152 cm) and aweight of pp to 46 pounds (18.1kg). COLOR: Prownish giay. white un-derside. 0 Often caught by pier, bay. andsurf anglers. and common over sand andmud bottrah in shallow bays and estuariesiti southern talifornia. Not a desirable foodspecies. although the dorsal meat isreported to be palatable. Provides con-siderable recreation and taken all yearthroughout most of its range.

8. THORNBACK. Platyrhinoidis triseri-. ata (Jordan and Gilbert). DISTRIBUTION.

Turtle Bay. Baja CAlfornia. Mexico. tocentral California. Rare north of PointConception. SIZE. Length to about 2+/2 feet(76 cm). COLOR. Brown on back. white orcream colored below. 0 Although taken infair numbers. they are not the major ob-jective of most anglers. Common in depthsless than150 feet (45.7 m).

9. BAT RAY. Myliobatis californicaGill. DISTRIBUTIONr Gulf of California.Mexico. to Oregon. SIZE:Maximurn knownweight is about 210 poun(95:3 kg) with aspread of 4 sfeet (122 COLOR: Darkbrown to black above. white below. 0 Onlymember of the eagle ray family caught inCalifornia, where it occurs along the outercoast and is commonly taken in bays such

,as San Diego Bay. Newport Bay. LosAngeles Harbor. Morro Bay. San FranciscoBay. and Tomales Bay. The bay ray is anactive fighter and is classed as a goodgame species. It has a venomous spine ondorsal side at base of tail that can causepainful Wounds. General treatment .is tocleansaq.the wound thoroughly-and immersein warm to hot water with baking soda.Consult doctor for relief from pain andpossible secondary infection.

ACIPENSERIDAE: STURGEONiy

10.

6

10. WHITE STURGEON, Pacific sturgeon.Acipenser transmontanus Richardson.DISTRIBUTION: Ensenada. Baja California.Mexico. to Gulf of Alaska. SIZE: Largestwhite sturgeon taken along the Pacific was

,reported to be about 20 feet (610 cm) longweighing 1.800 pounds (816.5 kg). However.today it would be uncommon to catch oneover 500' pounds (226.8 kg). COLOR:,Uniform gray. An important speciestaken in Suisun. San Pablo. San Francisco.and Coos bays. the Columbia/River -estuary.upper Willapa Bay. and upper GraysHarbor. Heavy fishing in the late 1800's forcaviar and smokad sturgeon reduced thepopulation drastically. Today the lowerColumbia River,appears to be the center ofdistribution, in the San Francisco area thenumbers of sturgeon appear to be in-'creasing and the fishery is becoming morepopular. Several-species of sturgeons existin North America. Some are found only infresh water. and some. like the whitesturgeon, are anadromous. ,

1

412. CHINOOK SALMON. king. spring.tyee. Quinnat. OnCorhynchus tshawytscha(Walbaum). Young juveniles or "feeders",are sometimes called "blackmouth."DISTRIBUTION: Southern Caliorma toAlaska and south on the Asiatic side to theAtnur River. USSR. also to northernJapan. SIZE: Record weight reported to1261/2 pounds (57.4 kg): however. few arecaught over 50 pounds (22.7 kg). and mostaverage 18 to 25 pounds (8.2-11.3 kg) whenmature. COLOR: At sea. dark gray abovewith silver sides and belly: black spots onback and both lobes of tail: gums at ha of

black. 0 Most desirable of marinegam fish in northern waters and subject ofan e enswe ocean trod fishery. Principalfishing areas begin in the south off PismoBeach and Avila. Calif.. and extend intosouthern Alaska. Fished primarily bytrolling with' dead bait or lures. and drift

' fishing with live or frozen bait. Offshore_fishing depth for this specie; is usuallygreater than for other salmon species.

13. 'COHO SALMON. silver salmon.silversides. salmon trout. dncorhynchuskisutch (Walbaum). DISTRIBUTION:,Coronado Islands. Mexico. to Alaska. andsouth on the Asiatic side to Japan. SIZE:Coho grow to a lefigth of 3 feet .(91 cm) anda weight of 30 pounds (13.6 kg) or possiblymore: most in the sportcatch average lessthan 10 pounds (4.5 kg). COLOR: At sea.metallic blue green above: silver sides andbelly, small black spots on back. dorsal fin,and upper lobe of tail fin: gums at base ofteeth white. 0 Ocean trolling for coho("silvers") is most successful from nearFort Bragg. Calif.. northward. althoughsome are caught in the San Francisco areaand a few ore taken as far south as PointMugu. Calif.. area every year. Principal

__fisheries for this species are along thecoasts of Oregon. Washington. and Alaska.Fishing technique used in jhe ocean ismudh the same as for other salmon.

103

14 PINK SALMON.- humpback salmon.Oncorhynchus gorbuscha ,(Walbaum)DISTRIBUTION. Southern Ca Vernal tonorthwestern Alaska and along the Asian,coast. SIZE Reported ti reach 21/2 feet(76 cm) long and a maximum weight ofabout 12 pounds (5.4 kg) Averages about 6pounds (2.7 kg) when mature. COLOR,Metallic blue above, silvery on sides, ovalspots on tail and back with 'many as largeor larger than eye diameter Smallest ofthe five species of salmon. Common to thewest coast. but usually not common southof Oregon Major fisheries for this speciesare in the Strait of Juan de Fuca. in PugetSound. and to the north, Pink salmonusually do not run very far upstream: mostspawn in the lower parts of rivers Trievare unique among Pacific salmon in that allfish mature at the end of their second yearLarger runs are reported in oddnumbkredyears in Puget Sound area. in Alaska runsoccur -in both odd- and even-numberedyears. depending on specific area fished

15.

17.

,;:,,,A.`

17"GUTTHROA I FROU C (sea-run).blue back, Columbia ,River trout, 1seatrout.Salli'm dark' Richardson. DISTRIBUTION

--'"Eel River, Calif.. to southeastern Alaska,with some running, nto brackish and saltwaters from coastal streams: rarely in theocean off California SIZE Lengthreported up to 21/2 feet (76 cm): weightsusually runfrom 1 to .3 pounds (0 5-1 4kg) COLOR. Greenish blue aboye, silveryon sides Identified by a red slash -underlower jaw. however, this ymay not bepresent in fish migratinf from saltwater. , Best fishing found north of theCAlumbia River in brackish-water areas.Spawns rebruary to May in small coastalstreams, young, sometimes des( end insec ind or third year and usdally remain inect(h for 1 or more y eti N beforereturning to spawn A predator on youngsalmon in the spring

15. SOCKEYE SALMON red salmon,

peo.

blueback salmon. Oncorhy_p,chus nerko(Walbaum) DISTRIBUTION SouthernOregon to northwestern Alaska andAsia. SIZE, Length reported up to 2' 2 feet(76 cm). weight up to abriut 5 to 7 pounds(2,3-3 2 kg} COLOR. Greenish blue above,with greenish head: silver;,, on sides. Bestfishing is from northern Oregon tu north-western Alaska and Asia. Spawning seas&Ilasts from March to August. major seasonis from June to August. Usually entersrivers that are fed by lakes The sockeyesalmon rarely takes a hook so is not amajor contributor to the sport catch

16. CilUM SALMON. dog salmon, fallsalmon. Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum)DISTRIBUTION: Southern California tonorthwestern Alaska and Asia SIZELength up to 31/2 feet (107 cm): averageweight of 10 to 12 pounds (4.5-5.4'kg) whenmature. COLOR: In brackish or salt water.fish are metallic blue above. sometimeswith faint black specks: dark tips onpectoral. anal. and caudal finsx Bestareas of fishing are from Washington northto off British Columbia. near the inshoreareas along the Strait of Georgia, The chumsalmon appears in late summer and, fall inspawning schools. after spending usuallyabout 3 to 5 years at sea.

104

RAINBow rRoO'r, stecklieil, sea-runrambo rout. seetrout. 4almon, trait.

worthier' "Richard-A4iIversulds.son \RISTRIBUTION. Northern 1341a

California. new:0. to Alaska. Pering'Sea.and Japan. with some running into saltwater, though not now common south of .

Point Conception SIZE Reported to reach ,feet (107 cm) long and 36 pounds (18 3

kg) in weight: the usual catch is muchsmaller, averaging under 10 pounds (4.1kg) COLOR At sea. steel kblne above, withsilvery sides. Taken in '4h estuarineareas of both large and smakstreal s andalso. off river mouths Season for fishingmost coastal streams is December throughMarc h. usually best after winter rainsresult in a breakthrough of the "bar" at themouth of the stream. In larger and coolerrivers, spawning run may start earlier inlate summer or early fall Some steelheadenter 'certain tributaries in spring orsummer, and remain through the dryseason until the following spring beforespawning This species spawns more thanonce. some may return to spawn for a

' second or third time.

. 19.

maximum weight of 20 pound (91 kg):usual (at( h is 1 to .3,poulns (0 5 -1,4 kg) in%%eight and 15. to 20 ches (:38-51 cm)long C0f.OR Olive gretn to brown abovewith pale-vellow spots. orange-red spots onsides Sea-run fish are silvery : commonto Puget, Sound and southeastern Alaska Insome streams there is a seaward migrationin spring and an upstream spawningmigration in f

OSMERIDA :5MELTS

20 SURF SMELT. day smelt. silver smelt,surffish. Hyponiestis° pretiosus (Gipir(1).DISTRIBUTION. Long Beach.' Cali toPrince William Sound. Alaska. SIZE:Maximum length is about 10 Indies (25 cm).average catch is about 8 inches (20 cm) orless. . COLOR Light olive green: sidessilver with ,purple hue , I Distinguishedfrom the night smelt by its small mouth.which does not extend beyond a line drawnvertically from the middle of the eye. Bestareas for fishing are north of MonteteyBay. Calif. Surf smelt does not spawn southof Scott Creek. Santa Cruz County. Calif.Shore spawning runs occur from March toSeptember during daylight along sandyshores near river mouths Surf smelt runsare correlated with the tides. and fish areusually caught with "A" -frame nets. In thenorth they are taken by jigging from pier*in hrte winter.

21.eeN , Oet.'

21. NIGHT SMELT. surffish, Spirinchusstorksi (Fisk) DISTRIBUTION PointArguello. Calif . to Shelikof Bay,Alaska. SIZE. Length reported to about 9inches (23 ( m), usual length of catch isabout 5 to 6 inches (13-15 cm). COLOR.Sides silver, olive green on back. Similarin many respects to scurf ~melt. but the

,mouth is larger and extends to below theposterior edge of the Common to sandyshores (coarse sntd) -.from centralCalifornia fOo coast* Washington. Nightsmelt floes not sawn south of MossLanding. Calif, It appears to concentrate ,inmuch the

butareasas the surf or day

~melt. but spawns during darkness. andruns are, not adnipted to tides. -Method ofcapture is similar to that used for the surfsmelt

el, 4

22.

19, ,DOLLY VARDEN, [folly. Oregon char.redspotted trout, salmon trout. malma trout.bull trout. seat rout, Sahelinus in (Jima.(Wathaum). DISTRIBUTION Northern,California tu nurthwestem Alaska. runninginto saltwater estuarine areas, SIZElength reported to 3 feet (910 ( in) and

0 7

22 EULACHON. candlefish, hooligan.smelt. Paden lithys pacificus (Richard,.son) DISTRIBU'T'ION'' Bodega Bay. Calif,.-to Bering Sea. Alaska SIZE Reported toattain a length of 12 inches (30cm). COLOR Uniform light bluish. brown

above, silvery on sides and belly, Com-mon to the coasts of Oregon. Washington.-and Alaska, Fished with nets about mouths

'lok rivers and inlets as the fish migrateinshdre tutspawn in rivers from Mad River.Calif.. northward to Alaska (March. April.and May) It is a very oily fish. and calledandlefish because when dried and

threaded with a wick it may be used as acandle

SMELTS OF LESS IMPORTANCE TOTHE MARINE ANGLER

23 LONGFIN SMELT, Spit inc hostider( lithYs (Ayres) INS FRIBLTIoN SanFrancisco 13a%. Calif , to Prinie WilliamSound. Alaska SIZE To gout 6 incluw,(15 ad COLOR Sides silver withhrownish dorsal areas Spawns incoastal rivers 'and composes a minorportion of the sport smelt cavil,

24 tV111 I EBAI'l SMELT. Allnsmeruselotteuttis (Ayres) DISFRIBI lION SapPedro. Calif.. to -Strait of loan de FucaCOLOR - Sides silver hat k gree'rish Similar in' appearance to the night Ismelt. but like the longfin. it composes aminor portion of the total sport catch ofsmelt Spawning behaywr nut known

GADIDAE: CODFISHES

25.

25 PACIFIC COD. true t od Godusmocroepholos Tilesius DISTRIBUTIONSanta Monica. Calif . to' northwestern

Alaska and Asia (Yellow Settsr SIZELength recorded to 'at least 334, feet (114cm) and weight up to 40 pounds (181kg) COLOR Brownish' gray...enve Wingto lighter below: brown spoil; on upperparts: olges of fins white. , An excellentfood species commonly available off thecoast of ninthern Oregoli. '1,1',41ungton. andAlaska. Migrates from deep to shallowerwater.. though usually c aught in ,-waterdeeper. than 60 feet (18.3 m) Reported tospawn in winter and in early spring and isabundant in coastal-witters at that time

26.

27.

°

V

127 PACIFIC HAKE. MerlucLius productos(Ayres) .1111ISTRIBUTION Gulf of Cali-fornia. Mexico. to Alaska, and Asiatic-coast, SIZE Record length to about 3 feel(91 cm). most are 1 to 11/2 feet (30-46 cm)long COLOR. Gray to dusky brown. with abrassy! overtone , SUmetimes taken offOregon and Washington while salmonfishing in deep water. It is not a desirablesport species. though It is suitable foreating if prepared-promptly

ATHERINIDAE: SILVERSIDES

about 7 inches (18 cm): average weight toabout % pound (0.1 kg) or less. COLOR:Bluish green aboue..silver below, a lateralmetallic band tinged with blue and bor-dered above with violet extends length of

. body. ri A southern California fish; notcommon north of Point Conception. Tends to'range along sandy shoreline. usually inwater less than 50 feet (15 2 ro) deep Best'beaches for catching grunion are from Los .

Angeles south to Mexico:" `Spawns fromMarch through August. Beaches Itselfbetween waves to spavin at night duringhigh tides following the, first three to fournights after the foil and the dark of themoan / .

PERCICHTHYIDAE: TEMPERATEBASSES

31, .

28 fACtsSNIEL l'. smelt. ktherinopsis«ilifortken4s Girard. DISTRIBUTIONSanta 'Maria Bay. Baia California. Mexico.to N'aquina Bay' Oreg SI'ZE Reported toreal h a length of 22 inc hes (56 cm). mostfish caught weight about pound (0 2 kg)

or less. COLOR. Dusky green above. sidessilver.y. metallic band edged above withblue extends length of body t--,Commonlyfound year-round in bays and ,tumid -waterareas Usua ght in' water of ilt:ss than

- 1(X) feet.) Known to spawn baysduring win sometimes uisizable' i2( hb One of the most abundantspecies in the -catch "of pier anglers insniithern and c entral California.

/

pAniFic TOMCOD. morals (Girard) DISTRIBUTW, PinotSal. Calif . to Unaliaska- Island,Alaska 'S : Usually less than 12 in hes

0 t ng and I pound (0 5 1g) in weight.fish over 2 pounds. (0.9, kg) are veryrare COLOR Olive or brownish above.white on sides and bAy. .Abundant fromSan Francisco north and taken by pier.ietty. and, skiff anglers A good loudspec acs. but sometimes chsc circled hoc auseof its small size.

0

4

29.

29-TOPSNIELT. smelt. Atherinops affirm(Ayres) DISTRIBUTION Gulf of Cali-fornia. Mexico. to Vancouver Island. BritishColumbia. SIZE. Length to -about 14 inches(36, cm). average weight about ' %/pound(0 1 kg) COLOR: Bluish gray 1.9 bright ,'green above. silvery below:'metanc bandedged above with blue or purple extendslength of body. t , Frequents -the same.general areas and habitats as, themcksmeltet Fairly Common in pier catchesalong the central California ,coasjDistinguished from the jacksmelt byplacement of the first dorsal fin. 'which islocated farther back, the last rays( beingopposite the origin of the anal fin .

30 CALIFORNIA GRUNION. Leuresthes.fermis (Ayres) DISTRIBUTION Magdale-na Bay. Bala California. /Mexico. to SanFranciscd Bev, Calif SIZE. Length to

31 STRIPE BASS. striper. rock bass.Morone s atrlis. (Walbaum). DISTRI-BUTION. Descanso Point. Bala California.Mexico to Barkley Sound, British Colum-bia SIZE. Reported up to 6 feet (181 cm)and 125 p nds (56.7 kg) in the Atlantic.Alltackle record (Cuttyhunk. Mass.) is .72poundal, (32.7 kg). with a length' of 541/2incheir(138 cm). In the Pacific. reported torep h about 4 feet (122 cm) and 90 pounds(40 8 kg); average catch is ,less than 10pounds (4.5 kg). COLOR. Brownish greenabove; 411ery on sides and belly; seven or .eight lateral stripes. Li Best fishing areas,are in Kin Francisco Bay and the ,Sacramento-San Joaquin'River, Delta areawhere It was introduced from the eastcoast in 1879. Oiher good fishing sPots are e

found at. Bay. Oreg.. where a separatepopulati.. s established inself. Thisspecies so mes ranges south and northalong the -Coast from San Francisco in

, summer during years, of high sea surface ,

temperatures. and is taken by surf anglers ---......,....as far south as MRtherey Bay (occasionallyMorro Bay) andirtor9to the Russian River. 'Migrates from bays dnd upper tidal areasinto rivet. syStems, to spawn. usually inApril and May.

32 GIANT BASS. black sea hass.Stereolepis yres. DISTRIBUTION:

. Gulf of California. Maxicg. to HumboldtBay, Calif. SIZE:'Recoraed up to over 560pounds (226.8 kg) mid ,over 7 feei,(213 cm)long. 5A11'- tackle record_ for the Pacific(Anacapa Island.' Calif..) is-,5683/4 pounds(258.0 ,kg),, with a length of 7 feet 5 inches(226 1 cm), Sane laze to 'a very old age: a-435-pound (197.3 -kg) fish was deterliined..tobe between 72 and 75 years ,o13.7COLOR: Dark brown to giax.with black-1

v.

6 '105,

hue above becoming ligtiter below: juvenileshave dark spots on tildes, In iocent yearsthe population level of this species is muc hreduced in southern California. Best fishingis found about Anacapa.Island and nearkelp beds from La Jolla: Calif . south alongBaja California. Mexico. and in the Gulf ofCalifornia. Large fish, prefer rocky bottom.just outside kelp beds and along drop offsin wates 115 to 150 feet (35.1-4517 m) deepSmall fish can be found over sandy areas

. around and in the kelp in shallower waterof about 40 to 70 feet (12.2-21.3 m) deep.

SERRANIDAE: SEA BASSES

ze.33.

/33. KELP BASS. calico bass. bull bass.Pcfrolobroi clothrotus (Girard) DIS-TRI,BUTION: Magdalena Bay. .Bata Cali-Eorrna. Mexico. to Columbia River,SIZE. Greatest weight recorded is 1414pounds (6 6 kg) and a i'rigth tods28 inches(71.cm). They are reported to attain an ageof 20 years or more. COLO Olive or ,brownish above with sides rttled withangular lighter shaded area becomingsilvery below: belly and fins tinged withyellow. El Common from Point Conception.Calif.. to Baja' California. Mexico. in- coastal . :kelp beds. A major ame species about kelpbeds in southern alifornia and a good food

° fish. Nonmigrator , spawning April through*the fall in and ar kelp over rough bottom.

Distinguished from the.'barrylOg,____ __andbass inthat the third. fourth, arkispines ace about the same length. whereasthe third Ciorsal spine of the barred sandbass is much longer than the other spines

34. SPOTTED SAND BAS . Porolobroxmaculatofosciotus (te nolachner)DISTRIBUTION: Gulf of California andMazathin. Mexico. to Monterey Bay.Calif. SIZE: Length to about 22 inches (56cm). COLOR: Greenish to alive brownabove. becoming white' below. with blackspots on body and fins. Cl A ndy-shoreand Rear-offshore specie southernCalifornia. Commonly caug bays andaround harbor entrances.

106 d

35 BARRED SAND BASS. sand bass.sugar . bass. ground bass. Porolobrdxnebulifer (( iirard) DISTRIBUTIQN:Magdalena 13,E,y),13aja California. Mexico. toSanta Grim. a1 . $1ZE. Length to about251/2 inches (65 cm). COLOR. Dark gray togreenish brown on back. with verticalirregular dusky barifls: paler below. golden-brown spots on che'eks and snout.[Distinguished frorirthe kelp bass by the

long third dorsal spine Commonly caughtover nearshore sandy bottom flats. in bays.and near kelp beds and rocky areas insouthern -"California` Best catches areduring summer. ,,----

BRANCHIOSTEGIDAE: TILEFISHES

36.'

36. OCEAN WHLTEFISH. whiting. blan-quillo. Coulolotilus princeps (Jenyns).DISTRIBUTION: Peru to Vancouver Island,British Columbia. SIZE. Weights recorded

. up re 12 pounds (5.4 kg): however. 3 to 5pounds (1.4-2.3 kg), is normal. COLOR:Rich brown to yellowish on back becominglighter below with light spots on sides.yellow edging on fins: arse'. and anal finswith blue stripe; pectoral bluish with yellowstripe. Frequently caught from PointConception. Calif.. south to off Mexico.Usual depths of fighing are from 30 to 300feet (9.1-91.4 m) over rocky bottom. Goodfishing around southern California islands,and offshore banks such as Cortez randTanner banks. Best fishing is springthrough fall.

1CR-ANCIDAE: ALKS AND POMPANOS

yellow tail: white below. (1 A major sportspecies in southern California. frequentlytaken at the Coronado Islands and'off BajaCalifornia. Mexico. as well as aroundCatalina Island and around kelp beds offSan Diego north along the coast to the,Santa Barbara Channel Islands It is aMigratory pelagic species. occurring duringsummers and early fall in southernCalifornia.

38. JACK MACKEREL. SpaFtlish mackerel.horse mackerel. saurel. Trochurui sym-metricus (Ayres). DISTRIBUTION: BajaCalifornia. Mexico. to southeastern Alaska,and offshore out to 500 miles. SIZE:Length usually,ttto about 1 foot (30 cm):reported to 32 inches (81 cm). COLOR:Iridescent bluish green.' mottled on backbecoming lighter\on sides and fading tosilVery below, L1.A major commercialspecies and an importarft sport fish insouthern California. Frequent-1y taken from

'sport boats and sometimes from jetties and'piers in southern California. In its northern"range it is sometimes taken from piers. Bestfishing is July through September.

_ CORYPHAENIDAE: DOLPHINS

37. YELLOWTAIL. juarel. white salmon,amberjack. Seriolo dorsoirs (Gill).DISTRIBUTION. Chile to! southernWashington. SIZE. Usual weight about 10to 20 popnds (4.5-9.1 kg): record fish in theCalifornia-Mexico area reported to about 5feet (152 cm) long weighing 80/pounds (36.3kg). All-tackl,ejecord for the Pacific (Bay ofIslands. New Zealand) is 111 pounds (50.3kg) and 62 inches (157.5 cm) long. COLOR:Bright metallic blue to , brownish greenabove. yellow lateral stripe from eye to

FEMALE

39. DOLPHIN, mahimahi. dorado, Cory-phoenq hippurus Linnaeus. DIS-TRIBUTIONI Tropical and temperate seas.Recorded off the west coabk.sfrOm Chilenorth to off Grays Harbor. Wash. SIZE:All-tackle record for the Atlantic (SpanishWells. Bahama Islands) is 85 pounds (38.6kg) and 69 inches long (175.3 cm). In thePacific. weight reported to 45 pounds (20.4kg) and length to 6 feet (183'cm). COLOR:Brilliant blue or. blue green above; -sidesbright golden yellow spotted with bright-blue and white-green spots: white be-low. When dying. this fish will flash manyrapidly changing colors. n During someyears having warmer water they are takenin fair numbers while surface trolling forstriped marlih off San Diego. Calif. Abrilliantly colored fish and an excellentfighter.

POMADASYIDAE: GRUNTS

40 SARGO. china croaker. Anisotremusdovidsoni (Steindachner). DISTRIBUTION.Gulf of California, Mcd. to Santa Cruz.Calif.. rape 'north Point Conception,Calif SIZE Reported to attain 23 inches

.4 (58 cm) and 4 polinds (1 8 kg): however.most angler-caught sargo are much smallerthan this COLOR Silver with grayishtinge on bat k, edge of gill cover black. darkspot on base of fin, vertical bad extendingdown from midddrsal fin area. IT Found

snearshore, and in bay:, t ommon to shallowtiters w ith rot ki bottom, or about piers

Best fishing during summer\

SCIAENIDAE:, DRUMS

41 WHITE SEABASS; Catalina salmon,seatrout. croaker. Cvnoscion nobilis(Ayres) DISTRIBUTION Magdalena Bay.Baia California. Mexico. to Juneau.Alaska. SIZE Length to 5 feet 51/2 inches(166.4 cm) and weight of 8334 pounds (380kg)an all-tackle record for a fish caughtnear San,,Felipe. Mexico Average catch is5 to 25 pounds (2.3-11 3 kg). COLOR: Steelblue to gray above with gold hehlights,silvery below Young have several darkvertical bars. IT A prized game fish andexcellent food species. Caught along the,coast northward from Baja California.'Mexico. to central California. Mostrecaught near the smainland shore over sandybottom .or around the edges of kelp beds.also near the kelp beds about Catalina andSan Clemente islands. Young white seabassare commonly taken close to shore msouthern California

deep olive: inns., mostly yellow. IT Usuallycaught in shallow water over sandy bottom'

it) in the surf zone. and in bays and sloughs. Itis a migratory species, and best fishing is inlate summer. especially at Newport Beachand San Onofte. Cali(

kg).' COLOR:'. Silver with a brownishbrassy j' ter above, becoming lighterbelow; fins yellowish (except pelvics).EA bundant in sh,ollow bays and

'lagoons from San Francisco. Calif.. south.Also taken in ankl just outside the surf zoneover sandy bottom, usually at depths of 10fo 60 feet (340-18.3 m); seldom caught atdepths over 200 feet (61.0 m). Good foodfish though sm.II in size.

43. CALIFORNIA CORBINA. Corvine,California whiling. surffish. Menticirrhusundulotus (Girard) DISTRIBUTION: Gulfof California. Mexico. to Point conception.Calif SIZE Reaches a length of about 21/2feet (76 cm) or more and is i'eported toreach a weight of 8 pounds (3.6kg), COLOR Cray to steel blue withsildery luster on back. paling to whitebelow. sometimes has a wavy diagonal lineon sides. The corbina is a surf-zonespecies common from Point Conceptionsorith along sandy shores The area fromLong Beat h (Belmont Shores) to San Diegois reported to have the best fishing Corbinaare found inshore during summer and arebelieved to range into deeper water duringwinter. Best -fishing is July to October. Anexcellent food species.

44 SPOTFIN CROAKER, golden croaker.Ronc'ador steornsi (Steindachner). DIS-TRIBUTION: Mazatlan. Mexico. to PointConception. Calif. SIZ,k; Reported to reacha length of at least 27 inches (69 cm) and aweight of 101/2 pounds (4.8 kg). COLOR:Silver gray with bluish luster above.becoming white below, dark spot at base ofpectoral fin. L i This species 'is commonsouth of the San Pedro-Long Beach. Calif..area and is.fished along sandy beaches andin bays. Known to congregatt in "holes"outside the surf zone. Spawns offshore insummer- and tends to be a coastalmigratory species. Late summer is_best timefor fishing."

42. YEI.LOWFIN CROAKER. Catalina, croaker, Umbrino roncodor Jordan and

Gilbert DISTRIBUTION. Gulf of California,NlexiN,,,to Point Conception, Calif. SIZE,Length recorded to about 18 inches (46 cm)tind up to 3 pounds (1.4 kg). COLOR: Grayto iridescent blue. sometimes metfillic greenwith a brassy luster above, shading tosilvery white below: wavy lines' on sides

IN

45. WHITE CROAKER. kmgfish, tomcod.roncky, Genyonemus lineotus (Ayres).'DISTRIB ION Magdalena Bay. BajaCaliforni Mexico, to Vancouver Island.British Co umbia SIZE: Average weight ofangler catch is usually less than 1 pound(0.5 kg). Largest recorded size was 151/2inches (39 cm) and about 117: pounds (0.7

1.10

46 QUEENFISH. herring. Seriphus politusAyres. DISTR ,IBUTION: Off MagdalenaBay, Baja California, Mexico..to YaquinaBay, - Oreg. Rare north of Monterey.Calif. SIZE. Reaches a length of 1 foot (30cm). COLOR. Bluish above, silvery below:fins yellowish. Cl Known to occur in schools

shallowlwater areas over sandy pottom.Common in bays an,d1loughs. Not a par-ticularly -desirable sport species: however.it provides considerable recreation to thesouthern California angler

47 BLACK CROAKER. black bass. ,bluebass. china croaker, Cheilotremo soturnum(Girard). DISTRIBUTIONAMagdalena Bay.Baja California. Mexico. to Point Con-ception, Calif. SIZE Length to about 15inches (38 cm). 'COLOR: Adults are bluishor dusky black with a coppery sheen above:silver below with dark specks: gill coveredged with', black: pelvic fins black.clSomewhat rare and taken onlyirregularly by southern California anglers.

.,KYPHOSIDAE: SEA CHUBS

48.

48. HALFMOON. Catalina perch. blueperch. ealiforniensis (Stein-dachner). DISTRIBUTION: Gulf of Cali-fornia. Mexico to Klamath Riiler,Calif. SIZE: Maximum recorded length is19 inches (48 cm) with a weight to neap 5hounds (2.3 kg). although the usual catch ismuch .small-er in size. COLOR:-`Slatecolored to dark blue above. becoming palerblue and mottled on sides and below. Li Apopular fish with tho rocky shore angler.Best fishing is along the coast of southernCalifornia and about its offshore islands.Common to rocky shores and kelp beds..Best depths for fishing are from near thesurface2o 100 feet (30.5 m).

ti1.

107

49. OPALEYE. blue-eye perch, blackperch. button-perch. Catalina perch, bluebass, blacksmith. Girella nigricans(Ayres). DISTRIBUTION Cape San Lucas.Baja .Cli Worm. Mexico, to S'an Francisco.Calif.. SIZE: *Record size reported to beabout 251 /4 itches (64 cm) and weigh] to131/2 paundsy6.1 kg): average size is lessthan 4 poun s (14 kg). COLOR: Greenishblue to olive above. 'becoming paler below;eye opalescent, blue green: young, with one

two white spots on back at base oforsal fin. Best fishing areas are ,south

of Point Conception, Calif.. near rockyareas located near kelp beds. Common fromthe surface to about 60. to 100 feet (18.3-305 m) below,the surface. Spawns duringApril, May. and June'

EMBIOTOCIDAE: SURFPERCHES

50. REDTAIL SURFPERCH. porgy. Ampin-stichus rhodoterus (Agasskz). DIS-TRIBUTION Monterey Bay. Calif . toVancouver Island. British Columbia. SIZE.Length reported up to 16 inches (41cm) COLOR: Light olive green above,silver sides and belly; orange to brassybars alternating across lateral line, lightred to purple caudal, anal. and pelvicfins. Primarily a sandy-shore species,abundaht in, the surf zone from northernCalifornia northward. Best catches aroundthe mouths of streams and during spring.Sometimes taken from piers and jetties yearInlets.

51.

..51. BARRED SURFPERCH. Amphistichusargenteus Agassiz. DISTRIBUTION. PlayaMaria Bay. Baja California. Mexico, toBodega Bay. Calif. SIZE. Usual size caughtby the angler is 1 to 2 pounds (0.5-0.9 kg)with a record catch of 17 inches (43 cm)and 41/2 pounds (2.0 kg). COLOR Olivegreen to yellow green on back. silverybelow: vertidal bars on sides with in-termitted) spots. The major surf species

1,08

In southern California: most abundant along 54,the coast from Morro Bay. Calif.. south intoMexico. A very important game fish in thesandy surf zone Where it congregates inbottom depressions. Shore fishing is bestfrom December to March.

52 CALICO z,URFPERCH. Araphistichuskoelzi (Elutibe DISTRIBUTION. NorthernBala California. Mexico, to Shi Shi Beach.Wash. SIZE. 'Average weight is near 1

pound (0.5 kg): maximum recorded length isover 11 inches (28 cm) COLOR. Light oliveabove, fading to silver below: brownishspecks forming irregular crossbars,sometimes brassy luster on head andbelly Common in central California fromMorro Bay to the San Francisco area.Beaches in the Monterey Bay area arereported to offer excellent fishing for thisspecies Caught in the sandy surf zone and

, frequently appears in the pier catch.

53. WALLEYE SURFPERCH. flyperpro-sopon argenteum ,Gibbons. DISTRI-BUTION, Ponft San. Rosarito. . BajaCalifornia. Mexico. to Vancouver Island.British Columbia SIZE. Usual length is

I from -4' to 6 inched (f0-15 cm) with a recordlength.of about ,12 inches (30 cm). Averageweight is a little over 1/4 pound (0.1kg) COLOR: Metallic gray above fading tdsilver on sides and belly; dusky barssometimes present on sides; usuallyidentified by its arie eyes and black-tippedpelvic fins. Found' mostly over sandybottom near rocky areas. Probably the mostabundant surfperch common to the openrocky mast and In bays. A shallow-waterspecies and a dominant one iri pier catches.

111

54. SILVER SURFPERCH, silver perch.Hyperprosopon ellipticum (Gibbons).DISTRIBUTION. Rio San Vicente. BajaCalifornia, Mexico. to Vancouver Island.British Columipia. SIZE: Reaches amaximum length' of about 101/2 inches (27cm). Most. catches are much smaller andaverage weight is about one-tenth of 1

1ound (0.05 kg)., COLOR: Metallic darkay above. silver on sides and belly: duskyrs on sides; tail usually pink. This

'small surfperch is another sandy-shorespecie, taken by surf anglers. Similar inappearance to the walleye surfperch:

, however, it does not have blqck-tippedpelvic fins.

55. BLACK SURFPERCH, black perch, bayperch, . Embiotoca jacksoni Agassiz.DISTRIBUTION: Point Abreojos. BajaCalifornia. Mexico. to Fort Bragg..Calif. SIZE. Usual weight about 3/4 poung(0.3 kg): known to reach a length of 151/4inches (39 cm). COLOR: Variable, darkolive green to light reddish brownsometimes tinged with red or yellow: oc-casionally with blue stripes formed by smallbliie,crescents in the middle of each scale;anal and pelvic fins often reddishorange. Comnion to rocky coasts nearkelp areas; also found around piers, pilings.and coastal bays. A shallow-waterspecies. dhly rarely taken in sandy surf.

56. STRIPED SURFPERCH. Embiotocalateralis Agassiz. DISTRIBUTION: PointCobras. Baja California. Mexico, to Port,Wrangel. Alaska? SIZE: Average weightlittle over 1 pound (0.5 kg): maximum lengthrecorded 15 inches (38 cm). COLOR: Red.blue, and yellow stripes along scale rowsover coppery background on body: headwith blue spots and stripes; pelvic finsdusky. [1 This colorful surfperch is com-monly ,caught around rocky shores, nearpilings, or l,Iulkheads in bays; frequently

.4

found in kelp hed ,irthis An important sport '

species along the northern California.Oregon. Washington, and British Columbiacoasts,

entral .ind southern California and isquails caught from piers in bays. or off,jetties at harbor entrances, generally oversandy bottom.

57 RUBBERLIP SUREPE9.C11. Ilhocor lulustoxotes Agassiz. DIVIRIBDTION TurtleBay. Baja California. Mexico. to RussianQurch.. Calif SIZE Length recorded to

o18' 2 ( m) COLOR Variable,often bro dusky blue above, shadingto Walsh silver on belly fins dark exceptfor pectorals. which are ,often pale Orangeor yellow: lips are a distinctive lightpink An excellent food speciq, and oneof the moredesmable of the surfperchesCentral and southern California are thebest fishing areas Found near rocky areasand in bays around pilings or other un-derwater structures. .

60 RAINBOW ..SURFPERCH, fiypsauscaryi (Agassii) DISTRIBUTION SantoTomas. Baja California. Mexico. to CapeMendocino. Calif SIZE Average weightabout ',2 pbund (0 2 kg): known to roach alength of 16 inches (41 cm) COLOR Vividhorizontal stripes of red. orange. and blueon sides: irregular streaks of sky blue andorange on head, pelvic fins bright blue andred orange Found in rocky areas alongthe open coast and in bay§ in California.Few are-raught south of the Los Angelesarea Similar to black perch in that theyare rareb, caught in sandy surf areas

58. .PILE SURFPERCH. Damolichthys occo(Gigard) DISTRIBUTION GuadalupeIsland. Baja California. Mexico. to PortVtrangel. Alaska. SIZE Avernge weight isabout l' 4 pounds (0 6 kg). maximumrecorded length is slightly over 17 inches(43 ( m) COI.OR Variable. from brown togray black above. silvery to dusky on sides.dark vertical bar on mmlbody. fin's duskytipped This species is common. as itsname indicates. to pilings. piers. and othershallow- slater obstructions in c oastal bays.Sometimes it is taken from kelp areas andnear rocky shores Best fishing areas arefound north of Point Conception to Van-couver island. British Columbia.

59.

, -

59 WHITE SURFPERCH. Phanerodonfurcatus Girard. DISTRIBUTION.,-/ PchntCobras. Baja Califol-4. Mexico. to Van-couver Island. Br-01W' Columbia. SIZELength up to 1 foot (30 coll. average weightabout '3 pound (0 2 kg) COI.OR SilveryWith dusky speckling on back. sometimeswith a rosy-orange' luster. fins yeHowishwhite with dusky edge on tailfin. hlack linealong base of soft dorsal fin. , Common to,

61 SHINER SURFPERCH, yellow shiner.Cyrnotogaster aggregatp Gibbons. DIS-TRIBUTION San Quintin Bay, Baja Cal-ifornia. Mexico 'to Port Wrangel. Alas-ka SIZE Usually less than 4 inches(10 cm) long Maximum weight about 1/2

poune10 2 kg). length about 8 inches (20cm) COLOR Dusky back with...sides andbelly silver, three. vertical yellow barsbelow lateral line, Abundant and one ofthe most easily caught surfperch. Rangesfrom nearshore to depths of over 200 feet(61 m). more common to shallow inshoreareas around piers and mlingi:'0,nd near eelgrass sloughs.

wT

SURFPERCHES OF LESS IMPORTANCETO THE MARINE ANGLER.

62. KELP SURFPERCH. Brachyistiusfrerrotus Gill. DISTRIBUTION. Turtle Bay.Baja California. Mexico. to -VancouverIsland. British Columbia. SIZE. Lengthabout 81/2 Indies (22 cm) COLOR: Goldenbrown to reddish brown on back. becomingcopper red below: fins light-red A minorgame species. found off rocky coasts in kelpbeds.

63 SPOTFIN SURFPERCH. Hyperprosopononale Agassiz. DISTRIBUTION BlancaBay. Baja California. Mexico. to Seal Rock.Oreg SIZE Length to 6 ) inches (15( m) COLOR Body silver 'will) dusky coloron ,bar k. ttivo large black spats on dorsaland anal fins Taken occasionally byanglers. but generally of minor"importan( e

112 c,

64 SHARPNOSE,SURFPERCH.Phunerodon(Wipes (Jordan and Gilbert).' DIS-

'FRIBUTION San Benito Island. BajaCalifornia. Mexico. to Bodoga Bay,Calif. SIZE: Length to 121/2 inches (32cn1) COLOR. Silvery with dusky specklingon back: thin black .line at base of softdorsal fin, pelvic fins white. Li Similar in -

alvearance to the write surfperch.

y

65 PINK SURFPERCI-1. ZaJembius rosaceus(Jordan, and Gilbert). DISTRIBUTION SanCristobal Bay. Baja California. Mexico. tocentral California. SIZE: Length isreported to be to 8 inches (20cm). COLOR: Distinguished by its rosy-redcoloration; pink brown on upper body: twobrown spots under the dorsal fin. Li Adeepwater species (30-300 feet or 9.1-91 4m).

LABRHJAE: WRASSES

66. CALIFORNIA SHEEPHEAD. redfish.humpy. fathead. Pimelometopon pulchrum(Ayres). DISTRIBUTION. Gulf of Cali-fornia. Mexico. to Monterey Bay. Calif..uncommon north of Point Conception.Calif. SIZE:Length to about 3 feet (91 cm)and weight up to 361/4 pounds (16.4kg). COLOR Adult Males have a blackhead and tail and ,a red band on themidsettion, chin is white on both sexes.Adult females are dull red 'or brownishred. Best fishing is in coastal kelp bedsand ahout the offshore islands south ofPoint Conception at depths of 50 to 100 feet(15.2-30.5 m). ,A fatty hump develops on themale's foreheadduring breeding season.

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WRASSES OF LESS IMPORTANCE TOTHE MARINE ANGLER

67! ROCK WRA§SE. Halichoeres semi-cinctus (Ayres). DISTRIBUTION. Gulf ofCalifornia. Mexico. to Point Conception.Calif. SIZE. Length reported up to 5 inches(13 cm). COLOR. Greenish brown: ,duskyvertical bars, male with dark-blue barunder allforal fin 11 Found over rockybottom. bu is' of minor importance to sportanglers..if not undesirable. due to its habitof snatching bait from the hook.

1-68. SENORITA. Oxyjulis culifornica(Gunther) DISTRIBUTION Central BwaCalifornia. Mexico. to central Califor-nia. SIZE. Length to 10 inches (25cm) COLOR. Reddish orange above.yellow below. hie( k area on caudal finbase. L I A' long slender wrasse. very,

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abundant within its range, but/110the rock I Alaska. SIZE Reported to reach a lengthwrasse. considered a postoften steals bait intendldesirable species.

becauRo:t ".t of 5 feet (152 cm) and a weight of 93for 'More , pounds (42.2 k{;) A'record sport-caught fish

°- I, off California coast was reported to weigh66',4 pounds (30.0 kg). Alltackle record for,a fish caught off Cape Point., South Africa,I Weighed 70 pounds (al 8 kg) with a lengthof 501/2 inches (128.3 cm). COLOR Darksteel blue or gray blue on 'back becomingsilver gray onkicies and belly: narrow-white'border on caudal fin: [1 Best sport fishingis' July through SepteMber (August best)offshqe in southern California. Some spot tanglers fish for albec8re off central acidnoftherik California and Oregon in Auk*and September' Albacore is a -migratorypelkigiC- species that te*ds to inhabit theclearer offshore California "Cupreut watersthat he outside the greenish-colorednearshore .coastal Waters.

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4-SPHYRAENIDAE: BARRACUDAS

69.

s69 PACIFIC BARRACUDA, 'Californiabarracuda. scooter, berry. Sphvraenaargenteo Girard. DISTRIBUTION CapeSan Lucas., Baja California. Mexico. toKodiak 'Island. Alaska. however. it is notcommon north of Point Conception.Calif. SIZE. Record eweight is reported tobe about 18 pounds (8 2 kg). and a length ofabout 4 feet' (122 cm). COLOR: Grayishblack with ft blue tinge on back. and silvdryor white on sides and belly: tad,yellowish.:: A major game species insouthern California. and sometimes caughtfarther north off, Avila. Calif . in summer.Usualh caught be trolling or casting livebait near the mainland coast or,about thesouthern California islands. Summer is thebest fishing season Young fish are usualh,found closer to shore than tiN adults

A.

STICHAEIDAJE: PRICKLEBACKS

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70. MONKEYFACE .,PitICKLEBACK,monkeyface eel. blenny eel. Ceindichttlysviolaceus (Girard). DISTRIBUTION SanQuentin Bay.: Baja California,IViexico, toCrescent City. Calif. SIZE. Length to '30inches (76 cm) COLOR. Uniform dullblack, sometimes With reddish spots onsides: two dark bars below eye. a Commonin rocky intertidal areas out to 80 feet (24.4m). Inrhabiting deep rocky pools between thetide lines in crevices or hores.n2 the 'rocks. 73.

Algae seems to be its primary fooalthough it "also will take shrimp and ofmarine invertebrates Most are caught bypoke-polersanglers who poke -a baited'hook into tide-pool crevices during low tide.

72. YELLOWFIN TUNA, Allison tuna,Thuilnus olbocares ( onnaterre) DIS-TRIBUTION ., Cosmopolite in tropical andsubtropical seas, Hawaii Islands, east-ern recific from Chile' to Point Buchan.calif SIZE. Reported to 450 pounds (204.Ikg): however, catches are rprely over 125pounds (56.7 kg). All-tackle `record in thePacific, fSan Benedicto Island, Mexico) is308 pounds (139.7. kg). witk a length of 84inches (213.4 cm). -COLOR'. Dark metallicblue abolle. fading into silver gray below:iiidescent Xellow band running from headto tail. Fins lengthen with age and aretinged with yellow. Irregular white dotsform bars on belly of younger fish. This i

species rarely enters the sport fishery offsouthern California in the summer, andthen only during years having very high seasurface temperatures. Although not often

caught off southern California. it is muchsought after by U.S: anglers off the coast ofMexico.

SCOMBRIDAE: MACKERELSTUNAS

71 ALBACORE, longfin tuna. Thunnusalalunga (Bonnaterre). DISTRIBUTION.Temperate waters of the Atlantic Ocean, erathe Pacific Ocean. from Gualdlupe Island,Bata California. Mexico. to southeast

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73. BLUEFIN TUNA. Thunnus thynnus,r onentalis (Temminck and Schlegel).

DISTRIBUTION: In the eastern Pacific framePeru to Shelikof Straits. Alaska. and westto Asia (Kuril Islands). SIZE: Recordedweight to 297 pounds (134.7 kg) in Pacific,however. most angler-caught bluefin are inthe range of 10 to 40 pounds (4.5-18.1kg). COLOR: Deep blue above, silvery onsides and' white below: irregular white .,4spots on belly.-F1 Excellent game species,sometimes taken off southern California insummer. though not in great numbers. Apelagic schooling species, with popularfishing areas off Santa Monica Bay andOceanside. Calif.. and abolit Catalina. SanClemente. and the Coronado islands.

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74. PACIFIC BONITO, bonehead. Sardachiliensis lineolato (Girard). DISTRI-BUTION:, Baja California to Gulf ofAlaska. SIZE: Reported to reach a weightof 25 pounds (11.3 kg) an a length of 40inches (102 cm); however. the usual-weight,of sport-caught bonito is 1 to 4 pounds (1.8kg and under). COLOR: Metallic bluegreen to violet on back, fading to silver onsides and bApiv: dark oblique stripes onback. Cl A palagic . migratory schoolingspecies commonly caught by, trolling andlive bait casting off southern Californiaduring summer and fall. Trolling is best offkelp beds and along the coast, from PointDume to La Jolla. Calif., and about Catalina.San Clemente. add ,the Coronado islands.Successful fishing depends on higher seatemperatures off southern California.

. 75. CHUB MACKEREL. Pacific mackerel.2,04.k.a, greenback: striped mackerel,Scomber laponicus Houttuyn. DISTRI-BUTION. Chile to the Gulf of Alaskaand transpacific. SIZE: Average size offish caught by anglefs is about 1 pound (0.5kg). The record length is reported to be 25inches (64 cm) and a weight of near 61/2pounds (2.9 kg). COLOR: Dark green toblue above with dark wavy bars on hack.shading into iridescent silvery onsides. Cl A pelagic; schooling speciescommonly caught near the coast ofsouthern California. Fishing is good all yearwhen abundant; however/ he Pacificmackerel resource is now at a low level ,

and catches are reduced. Best fishing is insummer and fall.

XIPHTIDAE: SWORDFISHES

76..

76.' SWORDFISH. broadbill. Xiphiasgladius Linnaeus DISTRIBUTION:.Worldwide in warm seas; from Chile toOregon in the eastern Pacific. SIZE, Theweight of most swordfish caught offsouthern California by anglers is within therange of 150 to 300 pounds' (68.1-136.1 kg).All-tackle record in the Pacific (Iquique.Chile) is 1,182 pounds (536.2 kg) with 'alength of 14 feet 11 inches (454.8cm) COLOR Dark Oily above, fading tosilver gray or gray yellow on belly. 111 Insouthern California. this excellent food fish1 harpooned commercially anti taken by

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sport anglers during summer into fall by.hoe and line. It is usually associated withislan s and banks, mouths of underseacanyons, and steep submarine ridges.Swordfishing is becoming a popular sportoff,southern California.

ISTIOPHORIDAE: BILLFISHES .

SCORPAENIDAE: SCORPIONFISHES

77. STRIPED MARLIN, Tetrapturus audax(Philippi) DISTRIBUTION Throughout, thewarmer waters of thic Indian and Pacificoceans. In the eastern Pacific from Chile toPoint; conception. Calif SIZE. Known to.reach a weight of 350 pounds (158.8 kg)and a length of 12 feet (366 cm). Averageweight of fish caught off San Diego is 110 to140 pounds (49.9-63.5 kg). All-tackle recordin the Pacific (Cape Brett. New Zealand) is394 pounds (178 7 kg) with a length of 134inches (340 4 cm) COLOR: Dark purplishblue above. fading to silvery below: dorsala4id anal fin 'cobalt blue. sides with hgty-blue stripes. This species is pelagic' inhabitat and is fOund throughout the tropicaland Subtropical Pacific This is the majorbillfish species caught off southernCalifornia during summer and all (mid-Augast, to frnd-September usual best).Caught by trolling baits or lures.

STROMATEIDAE: BUTTERFISHES

78. PACIFIC POMPANO, butterfish.Peprilus . simillimu (Ayres) DIS-TRIBUTION Magda ena Bay. BajaCalifornia. Mexico. t t e mouth of FraserRiver. British Columbia SIZE. Length toabout 11 inches (28 cm).. COLORIridescent silver green on back. becomingsilvery on sides and belly Ei Commonlycaught Off southern and central .Californiathroughout the year. Usually found oversandy bottom. Frequently caught .in baysduring late summer and fall. offs ore indeeper water for the rest of the ear. Anexcellent food species.

1

79. BLUE ROCKFISH. priestfish, bluefish,blue perch. Sebastes mystinus {Jordan andGilbert). DISTRIBUTION. Point SantoTomas, Baja California. Mexico. to BeringSea. Alaska, SIZE: Record length la near21 inches (53 cm), most catches are lessthan 15 inches (38 cm). COCOR: Dark blueabove, shading to lighter below with light-blue mottling. find uniformly blackish.Young are reddish up io 21/2 inches (6 cm)long H Often confused with black rock-fish, but distinguished by the slanted orstraight anal fin. and absence of spots ondorsal fin A Shallow-water species usuallyfound aroundriocky or kelp areas: however,they do range in depth to' 200 or 30Q feet(61 0-91 4 m). Best fishing from centralCalifornia ports. such as Morro Bay andMonterey By and north to off Oregon am'Washington.

80.

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81. COPPErROCKFFISH. Sebastes caurinusRichardson. DISTRIBUTION:' Monterey,Calif.. to Kenai Peninsula. Alaska_ SIZE:Record length reported to be bout 221/2inches (57 cm). Average weight i about 2I/2pounds (1,1 kg). COLOR: Dark olive orbrown back with darker Mottlings, all overa coppery-brown tinge with a pale stripealong lateral line of rear two-thirds of body.Very similar to the whitebelly rockfish.Sebastes vexillaris. which differs slightly incoloration and has a more southerly range(San Benito Islands. Baja California. northto Crescent City. Calif.). 13 Young inhabitshallow water, adults deeper water.Common off the coast of .northernCalifornia. Oregon. and Washington to theStrait of Georgia, British Columbia.

80 BLACK ROCKFISH. ,black snapper,black bass. bass rockfish. nero, cherna,Sebastes melanaps Girard. DIS-TRIBUTION: Paradise Cove. Calif., toAmchitka Island. Alaska. SIZE: Usual-4.weight of adults ranges to about 3 pounds(I 4 kg) and length is reported up to 233/4inches (60 cm). COLOR. Black with graymottling on sides shading to a white belly.black spots above the base of the spinydorsal fin. fins dark gray. Often confusedwith the blue rockfish, but distinguishedfrom it by the large mouth. rounded analfin. and spots on dorsal fin. ,This species isabundant off northern California andOregon. frequenting shallow-water reefsand commonly caught around kelp beds. Itis sometimes' taken by salmon trolling overdeep offshore rocky areas

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82. OLIVE ROCKFISH, kelp yellowtail. kelpsalmon. bass rockfish, sugar bass, Sebastesserranoides (Eigenmann and Eigen-mann). DISTRIBUTION, ' San BenitoIslands. Baja California. Mexico. to ReddingRock. Calif. SIZE: Reported to reach alength of 24 inces (61 cm): usual length is6 to 12 inches N15-30 cm) and weight is,

'usually less than 2. pounds (0.9kg). COLOR: Olive brown above, fading tolighter on belly: whitish blotches on baCkunder dorsal fin. F1 Com Mon to shallowwater (50.100 feet or 15.2-30.5 m) aroundkelp beds and rocky bottom areas. Goodfishing from central. California south. Bestfishing is alang khe southern Californiacoast and about the offsho islands. Oftenconfused with the yellowta ockfish andkelp bass: however. if the n ber of softrays in the anal fin 'mine (instead of six toeight) it is very probably an olive rockfish.See also kelp bass for differences in dorsalfin, shape.

83.

83. KELP ROCKFISH, gopher rockfish.garrupa. Sebastes atrovirens (Jordan aildGilbert). DISTRIBLMON4hint San Pablo,Baja California, Mexico. to Timber Cov.,Calif. SIZE: Usual weight is about I pound

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-(0.5 kg): maximal length is reported to benear'. 17 inches (43 cm) COLOR: Mottledolive brOwn over lighter shades: throatyellow: head and body covered with dark

e 'speckles. As its name implies. thisspecies is common around kelp beds ,andalso found around rocky reefs. Younger fishare usually caught farther inshore inshallower water than the adultsDistinguishpd from the grass rockfish by the,long gill rakers which are long and slender.not short and stubby as those of the grassrockfish. .

84.

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84. GRASS ROCKFISH. kelp rockfish.scomsda. Sebastes rastrelhger (Jordan andGilbert). 'DISTRIBUTION: Playa MariaBay. Baja California. Mexico, to YaquinaBay. Oreg. SIZE: W 'ght is u'sually less,than 2 pounds (0.9 kg ith a record lengthreported to be a t 22 inches (56cm). COLOR: Dark green with light-greenmottling above with Ii hter green or brownbelow: fins olive gr n with pelvic andpectoral fins tipped h red. Sometimesconfused with the ke rockfish (See kelprockfish for distinguishing characters.) Thisspecies is taken along the coast in shallowwaters with best fishing off' centralCalifornia southward along the coast.Commonly caught in waters of 100 feet

-(30.5 m) or less. over or near kelp beds errocky areas. The young are frequentlycaught from - piers.

85. YELLOWTAIL ,ROCKFISH. greensnapper. giolo. gialoto: cherne. yellowtail.Sebastes flavidus (Ayres). DISTRIBUTION.San Diego: Calif.. to KodiakAlaska. SIZE. AverageSweight about 11/2to 2 pounds (0.7-0.9 kg). length reported to26 inches (66- cm). COLOR: Mottledgrayish' brown above 'shading tb,.whitv onbelly: fins dusky yellow with tail fin tipped.with bright yellow: tips of lower pectoralfin tinged with pink. El Distinguished fromolive rockfish by the eight soft rays in analfin. and by presence of fine reddish-brownspeckling on scales--11Uve rockfish almostalways have ni oft anal rays and nospeckhug-ons, An importanf g(me fishspecies. off The central California coast andto the north. Inhabits predominantlydeepwater reefs.

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86 CHINA ROCKFISH. cefalutano. gopher.Sebastes nebulesus Ayres. DISTRI-BUTION. San Miguel Island. Calif.. north tosoutheastern Alaska. SIZE; Averageweight about 2 pounds (0.9 kg): recordlength to 17 inches (43 cm). COLOR:Broad, bright yellowish stripe from dorsalfin area along lateral line on each side ofblue-black body. with white spot-ting. Occurs nearshore and in waterdepths of 120 feet (36.6 m) of less. Caught'over rocky bottom, sometimes in associationwith gopher. kelp. and grass rockfishes.

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87. CALICO ROCKFISH. Sebastes dalli(Eigenmann and Beeson). DISTRIBUTION:Viscaino Ba'y. Baja California. Mexico. toSan Francisco. Calif SIZE: Usually. small.Average weight 11/4 pounds' (0.6 kg):maximum length 8 to 10 inches (20-25cm). COLOR:. Greenish yellow withIrregular brown bars and blotches on sidesforming oblique bars: brown spots andstreaks on tail fin. O Common 'to southern

-California. with some taken off centralCalifornia. Occurh in water 60 to 840 feet(18'3-256.0 m) deep. This species. however.does not appear to be greally abundant in ,any one area.

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88. WIDOW ROCKFISH. viuva. Sebastesentomelas .(Jordan, and Gilbert).DISTRIBUTION. Todos Santos Bay. BajaCalifornia. Mexico. to Kodiak Island.Alaska. SIZE. Average weight is about 11/2pounds .(0.7 kg). and record length is 21inches (53 cm). COLOR: Uniform duskybrown with a yellow or brapsy tinge onsides and sometimes reddish on belly.Young speckmens have vague orangestreaks..0 Usually taken from below 100feet (30.5 m) over rocky or rough bottom:however. koung are caught near surfaceThis is an important species in the Mon-terey Bay area.

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89. BROWN ROCKFISH. bolina. Sebastesauriculatus Girard. DISTRIBUTION:.Central Baia California. Mexico, to

_.# southeastern Alaska. SIZE: Length to 21inches (53 cm). COLOR. Brown with light-brown mottling: dusky pink on fins andlower part of head. dark brown blotch ongill cover. 'Common around wharf pilingsand rocky areas in shallow water out toabout 180 feet (54.9 m} from centralCalifornia north. and fairly abundant inSan Francisco Bay and Puget Sound.

90. QUILLBACK ROCKFISH. orange-spotted rockfish, yellow-backed rockfish.brown rockfish. speckled 'rockfish. Sebastesmaliger (Jordan and Gilbert). DIS-TRIBUTION: Point Sur. Calif.. to Gulf ofAlaska., SIZE: Length to 24 inches (61cm). COLOR: Slate brown with yellowmottling on back and on dorsal fin: orangespotting on ventral surface. Common inthe northern part of its range where ittends to frequent inlets and shallow-waterrockpiles. Fairly abundant in Puget Sound.

BROWN ROCKFISHES OF LESSIMPORTANCE TO THE MARINE ANGLER:

91. SILVERGRAY ROCKFISH, Sebastesbrevispinis (Bean). DISTRIBUTION: SantaBarbara. Calif.. to Bering Sea. SIZE:Length to 28 inches (71 cm). COLOR: Darkgray above, silver gray on sides and whitebelow: fins pinkish.

92. DUSKY ROCKFISH. Sebastes ciltatus(Tilesius). DISTRIBUTION: GualalupeIsland. Baia California. Mexico. to PointConception. Calif, SIZE: Length to 16inches (41 cm). NILOR Gray brown withbrown :loots on dorial area. becoming lightgray below. brown streaks .radiating fromeyes fins pinkish.

93. GOPHER ROCKFIki. flesh-coloredrockfish. Sebastes carnetus (Jordan andGilbert). DISTRIBUTION. San Roque. BajaCalifornia. Mexico to Eureka. Calif. SIZE:.te,ngth 4o about 151/2 inches (39cm) COLOR. Olive brown with flesk-colored or.whitish spotting and 'blotches.

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94. SQUARESPOTTOGKFISH..smallmouthrockfish. .Sebastes hopkinsj. (Cramer).DISTRIBUTION GuadaluPp° Island. Baja

*California. Mexico, to Farallon Islands.Calif. SIZE: hength to 111/4 inches (29

' cm). COLOR; Yellow, brown with darkbrown blotches.

RED ROCKFISHES.

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95. VERMILION ROCKFISH, red snapper.rasher, norracho. bArrachon. red rock cod.genuine red. Sebastes miniatus (Jordan and rmGilbert). DISTRIBUTION. San Benito ',Island, Bala California, Mexico. to Van-couvei Island. British Columbia. 'SIZE.Record Tength to 30 inches (76 cm): weightreported to 15 pounds (6.8 kg). COLQR:Dectp vermilion on back mottled with grayor blackish, blotches on shies, orangeAllies radiating from eye: fins deep redand on small specimens often faintly edged ,

with black: mouthIqV L Somehnies con-"fused with the canary rockfish: however. -the underside of jaw is rough. not smooth.and there is no large black area on spinousdOrsal fin as on smaller specimens of thecanary rockfish. One of the largbr rockfishspecies, common to depths of 200 to 600feet (61.0.182.9 ml. The young fish apefrequently found near shore An importantcontributor to the "rock cod" catch insouthern California.

96. CHILIPEPPER, johnnies. Johnny cod.Sebastes goodei (Eigenmann and Eigen'-mann). DISTRIBUTION: Magdalena Bay.Baja California, Mexico. to VancouverIslam British Columbia. SIZE. Averageweight is about 21/2 pounds (1.1 kg):maximum length is 22 inches (56cm). COLOR: Reddish brown to copperabove. shading to pink or white below witha distinct red stripe along the lateraLrime:

'fins pink. ET Fishing for tnik.species is bestoff central and southern California. Adeel3water s cies, it prefers rocky or mudbottom.

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97. BOCACCIO, salmon-, grouper, youngare sometimes tailed 'tomcod." Sebastespaucispinis Ayres. DISTRIBUTION. PointBlanca, Baja. California. Mexico, to Kodiak.Island. Alaskb, SIB. Average weight is

.pounds", (1 5' kg). the record sizereported to be about 3 feet (91 cm) and 21pounds (9.5 kg). COLOR. Brownish todusky ied above. shading into dull oranred on?ides. light pink on belly. Redd 1,\tinge'overall; sometimes mottled with brownor black Usually distinguished fromother rockfishes by its greatly projectinglower jaw.. A very important commercialand sport species off California. -Adults are'

fished in sietp water (to 125'fathoms or228 6 m). and young bocacclo arefrequently found in, schools nearshore andare commonly caught by pier anglers.

98.

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98. CANARY ROCKFISH orange rockfish,codalargo. yellow snap r filio e. fahtail.red rock cod. red snapper. Sel stes pin -

niger (Gill). DISTRIBUTION: Cape ColnettBaja California. Mexico, to southeasternAlaska. SIZE. Average weight about 11/2pounds (0.7 kg) and a record length toabout 30 inches (76 cm). COLOR. Grayish.mottled with orange: fins orange.Sometimes confused with vermilion rock-fishr....-(See description of that' species fordifferences.) Young canary rockfish aresometimes found in shallows-water; adultsfound over banks in deep water. An im-portant contributor to the central andnorthernalifornia pally boat catch-

99. YELLOWEYE` ROCKFISH, turkey-redrockfish. rasphead rockfish, red snapper.red rockfish. tambor. turkey rock. pot-belly. Sebostes ruberrimus (Cramer).DISTRIBUTION Ensenada. Baja California.Mexico, north to Gulf of Alaska. SIZE:Average weight about 51/2 pounds (2.5 kg);known to reach a length of 36 inches(91'I cm). COLOR. Bright vermilion above.sometimes blotched with black. fading to

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light below; smaller specimens often have awhitish streak along lateral line. All fins'except spinous dorsal are usually edgedwith black; eye bright yellow. One.of thelarger and more colorful of the rockfishspecieFound over shallow and deep reefareas it water 150 to 1.200 feet (45.7-365.8m) deep. Excellent food species.

100.

100. TARRY ROCiFISH, spottedrockfisit,,,chinafish, Sebastes constellatus (Jordan andGilbert). IiISTRIBUTION: Near CedrosIsland. BM California. Mexico. to San,Francisco. Calif. SIZE: Reported to attaina length of 18 inches, (46 cm); averageweight is about 11/2 pounds (10.7-kg). COLOR: Orange red above, shading toyellow .on sides and below; profuselycovered with small bright-green spots: threeto five white blotches on back. la A brightlycolored 'species common off southernCalifornia. where it is usually taken overdeep reefs.

101. R I SY ROCKFISH, corsair., dudscaccia le. scratch-tail. Sebastes rosateusGirard. DISTRIBUTION: Turtle Bay, BajaCalifo Ma, Mexico, to Puget Sound.Wash. SIZE: A small species, averagingabo 1/2 pound (0.2 kg). Maximum lengthrepo ed to 123/4 inches (32* cm). COLOR:Yellow. blotched with dark red on back andsides, fatting to whitish below; whiteblotches bordered with purple above lateralline; pinkish fins. Taken in deep water(90 fathoms or 164.6 m): sometimes inshallower water over reefs or rocky areas.A`good food species. although'Small in size.,

'102. GREENSTRIPED ROCKFISH,strawberry rock cod. mina, 'serene,Sebasles elottgatus Ayres. DISTRIBUTION:Cedros Island. Baja California, Mexico,north to Green Island. Alaska. SIZE:Small: average weight about 34 pound (0.3kg); length recorded 15 inches (38cm).. COLOR Pale re above. white onbelly with olive-green irregular Stripes onsides joining near tail. black on tip of chin;

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pinkish fins: pink latexal line. , A deep-water species (200-1.300 feet or 61.0.396.2m) usually caught from sport boats fishoigover rough bottom.

SCORPIONFISIIES,

108.

03. GREENSPOTTED ROCKFISH.c ucklehead. Santa Maria, Sebostes

orostictus . (Jordan and Gilbert)DISTRIBUTION: tVdros Island, Baja Cali-

. Jernia. Mexico, to Copal's Head,Wash, SIZE: Average weight 11/2 pounds(0.6 kg): record length reported to be near20 inches (51 cm). COLOR. Pinkish yellowWith irregular ,green spots; three to fivewhitish blotches on back bordered withpurple red: purple bar across head behindeyes. C] Adults and young both found overdeepwater reef areas.

RED ROCKFISHES OF LESS IMPORT-ANCE TO THE MARINE ANGLER.

104. COW ROCKFISH. cowcod. rooster-'fish, gallo, 'chefra. cowfish, Sebastes levis(Eigenmann and Eemann) DIS-TRIBUTION: aja California. '

Mexico. to near Eureka. Calif. SIZE: Oneof the largest of the rbckfishes. reaching 37inches (94 cm) long and a weight of 281/2pounds (12.9 kgr. COLOR Yellowish redwith faint vertical bars on adults.

105 STRIPETAIL ROCKFISH. popeye rock-fish. bigeye rockfish.. oliveback rockfish.Sebastes so-xicolo (Gilbert). DIS-TRIBUTION Viscaino Bay. Baja California.Mexico. to southeastern Alaska. SIZE.Length to 151/4 inches (39 cm) COLORTail has green stripes in membranes.

. STRIPED ROCKFISHES

1406. TREEF,ISH., c victfish. barberpole,Sebastqs, serriceps Jordan and Gilbert).

le DISTRIBUTION. Central Baja California.Mexico: to San Francisco, Calif SIZE.Length reported to 16 inches (41'Cm). COLOR: Olive brown above toyellowish below. with five to six verticalbldck bars -on sides reaching tobelly. [1 This colorful rockfish. althoughminor in thci. sport catch. is coihmon offsoutherh California in relatively shallowwater out to about 180 feet (45.7 m) deep

107. FLAG ROCKFISH. Spanish flag.:barberpole. hollywood. convic,tfish. shoflies,tiger. Sebastes rubriyinctuS (Jordan andGilbert). DISTRIBUTION: Cape Colnett.Baja California. Mexico. to Sari Francisco:records north of San Francisco may he theredbanded rockfish. Sebastes bob-cock]. SIZE. Length to 25 inches (64cm) COLOR: As name indicates, has fourvertical red stripes on cream-whitebackground.

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108. ,CALIFORNIA SCORPIONFISH. sculpinjnot related to the iculpin family. Cottidae).Scorpaena gutt to Girard DISTRI-BUTION. Near Magdalena Bay. Baia Call-,forma, Mexico, to Santa Cruz. Calif.SEE: Length recorded tp about 17 inches(43 cm). COLOR: Brick red to browit?numerous dark spots and blotch& on body,head.' and fins. C7 An inshore fishcommon in bays anti' along showsthroughout the year in southern California:however. spring and:summer appeck to bebest fishing jeason".,Although it sometimesoccurs over sandy or sandy-mud bottom.this species seems to:y prefer rockysurroundings and water shallower than 100feet (<30.5 m) Fish should be handled 4,rithcare; spines (dorsal. anal. and. pelvic) arevenomous and can inflict very painfulwounds Experienced anglers handle byinserting thumb in fish's mouth and holdingby lower jaw An excellent food fish.

ANOPLOPOMATIDAE: SABLEFISHES

109. SABLEFISFI. black cod. mackerel.coal cod. butterTi . blue cod. skil.Anoplopomo limb Jo (Pallas).1RIBUTION. Cedros ,Is and. Baja Califon :II.

S-1 4

Mexico. to northwestern Alaska. BeringSea, and Japan. SIZE. Catches of youngfish average 1/4 to 2/2 pound (0.1-0.2 kg).while adults may weigh up to 30 pounds(13.6 kg), a record leqgth is reported to 40Inches (102 cm) COLOR. Adults areblackish gray above, shading to lighter grayor white below. Coloration in young is moredefined with dark blue or green above.white on belly..C7 Young fish are sometimesfound nearshore; however, adults live- indeep water up to 400 feet (122 in) or more.They appear to migrate into shallower,water during summer. An important speciesin northern California and off Oregon andWashington. although a small restrictedfishery does exist off Newport Bay insouthern California. This species isfrequently caught in the same area as thePacific halibut, nc1" is an excellent foodfish. .

11f

HEXAGRAMMIDAE: GREENLINGS

110.

110. KELP GREENLING.-`greenling sea -trout. kelpfish. rock trout. Hexagrommos

.decairammud (Pallas). DISTRIBUTION. LaJolla. Calif.. -t Aleutian,Aleutian, Islands. Alaska.SIZE: Length 'Sp to 21 inches (53 cm):

,however. usual catch is about ag inches (30\ cm) long: COLOR. Males ar dark gray

N with sky-blue spots on head and ford partof -body. Females are gray brownt with-uniform reddish or golden-brown spots onhead and body. L7 -This species is foundaround rocky shores, reefg. and /kelp bedareas. Common along 'jelies and mostabundant. off northern California. Oregon.Washington., Alaska. Excellent foodfish

111..///////////////:

111. ROCK :OREENLIN red greenling.fringed grIetiling.ofWogrommos (ago-cepholus (Pallas). DISTRIBUTION: PointConception, -Calif...to Asko and BeringSea. `Abundant off Oregon northward toAlaska. SIZE: Length recorded up to 24inches (61 cm). Wejght.of the average catchis about 3.4 'pound 10.3 kg). COLOR. Highlyvariable. usually reddish browalf withdarker mottling: sometimes large redblotches_on sides: tail fin tipped with red:dark round spot above pectoral fin: insideof mouth bluish, Ci A. shallow-waterspeqies. inhabiting much the same areas asthe kelp greenling (rocky shores. jetties.etc.).

112.

112. IsINGCOD. cultus cod. buffalo .cod.green cod, ling. bocaleo, Ophiodonelqngotus feard. DISTRIBUTION: PointSan Carlos. Baja California. Mexico. toKodiak Island- Alaska. SIZE: Averageweight is about 8 pounds (3.6 kg).., however.they are reported to attain at least 50inches (127 cm) in length and a weight of

50 pounds (22 j kg). COLOR Extzeinely,variable with habitat. Ground -color may begray brown. blue to green. or black.MottLings. spots. .and other markings arenot specific. Li Common to centralCalifornia northwaril: off Oregon.Washington. and southeastern Alaskacoasts. A 'desirable food species Younglingcod 'are caught near rocky or kelp bedareas. Adults tend to frequent deeperwater up* 350 feet (106 7 m) in areas of

. rough boithn.

1

brown,,to red. greenish or gray, usuallypith extensive'tnottlingor blotching Mouth .

lining in females usually green, mulesred. The flesh ,,of the cabezon has anexcellent flavor. Mt the roe is reportsbe poisonous. This fish is found over anytypes of botto,F. ustiqlly rock and .satc41. inshallow water' out to depths of about 250feet (76.2 m)..

J

113. ATKA MACKEREL. Pleurogrammusmonopterygius (Pallas). DISTRIBUTIONMonterey Bay. Calif.. to northwesternAlaska. Bering .Sea. and Sea ofJapan. SIZE Attains a length of uti to 2feet (61 cm). although the average length isabout 12 inches 130 cm) COLOR Duskyyellow with five blackish 1.erticdt barscrossing side ventral and dual fins dark

An import nt game species in Alaska.commonly take near the surf zone. aroundrocky and kelp bed areas. and Insemisheltered water. Often found in largeschools

GREENLINGS OP LESS IMPORTANCETO THE MARINE ANGLER:

114 WHITESPO'PTED GREENLING,Hexagrammos stelleri Tdesius DISTRI-BUTION: Puget Sound. Wash.. toJapan. SIZE Length to at least 19 Inches(48 cm) COLOR. Light brown to greenish.often with reddish tinge, conspicuous whitespots on bcidy.

115. PAINTED GREENLING. Oxylebiuspictus Gill. DISTRIBUTION. Point SanCarlos, Baja Cailifornia. Mexico. to Strait ofGeorgia. British Colmobia SIZE Length toat least 10 inches (25 cm) COLOR Brownand dark-red bars and mottling overgrayish-brown body: flaps on head are redRarely taken.

' COTIlbAE: SCULPINS

116. CABEZON._ bullfish. bullhead: bluecod. bull cod. marbled sculpin. Scot-paenichthys marmoratus (Ayres). DIS-TRIBUTION: Point Abreojos. BajaCalifornia. Mexico. to Sitka, Alaska. SIZE:Average weight is about 2 pounds (0.9 kg).Largest fish reported was 39 inches (99 cm)long and weighed slightly over 15 pounds(6.8 kg). COLOR: Highly variable from

117." RED IRISH LORD, Hernilpplckitusher i lepidotus " DISTRIBUTION.Mon rey Bay. Calif.. to Sea of Okhotsk.SIZE. verage weight about 1/2 ,pound,;(0.2kg). greateA rkorted length is 20 inches(51 cm }. but is not common over 12 inches(30 "cm). COLOR. Dusky to bright redabove, becoming lighter below. mottled withbrownish red and roEusely covered withbrownish to black s .7, Fleshy flaps on

,snout and just above e es. A rocky-shorespecies, common to. Oregon. Washington.and Alaska Ranges from shallow intertidalareas out to 156 feet (47.5 .m). Feeds (Incrabs. barnacles. and mussels.

fi'ar

1113. PACIFIC STAGHORN SCULPIN,bullhead. smooth sculpin. Leptocottusormotut Girard. DISTRIBUTION -San \

Quintal Bay, Baja California, Mexico. toChignik. Alaska. SIZE: Length 'to 12 inches(30 cm). COLOR: Greenish brown or grayabove, white to yellow below. Thisabundant inshore sculpin. althoughsometimes considered a nuisance tofishermen. is an important baitfish inCalifornia..Common in bayt and brackish-water areas.

SCULPINS OF LESS IMPORTANCETO THE MfrierNE ANGLER:

119. BRC N IRISH LORD, Hemilepidotusspinosus (Ayres).Southern CaliforniaAlaska. SIZE. Lengthcm) GQLOR. Light todark mottling.

DISTRIBUTION:,to Puffin Bay.

to -10 inches .(25dark brown,,with

120. BUFFALO SCULPIN,) Enophrys bison(Girard). DISTRIBUTION. Monterey Bay,Calif.. to ,Kodiak Island. Alaska. SIZE:Length to 1 inches (30 cm). COLOR: Darkgray green or brown 4ove: purplish bonyplates, on head and on lettere' line.

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BOTHIDAE:LEFfEYE FLOUNDERS

121.

121. C NIA HALIBUT, southernhalibut. lic-hthys colijornicus(Ayres). DISTR ON: Nlagdalena BEly.Baia California. exico. to ,BritishColumbia. SIZE. Record size is about 5feet (152 'Cm) and 7. pounds (32,7 kg).,Average size 6 to 7 pounds (1i7-3.2 kg):however. pier-caught. IA atti usthilly muchsmaller (called "gy-swatters"). COLOR:Olivaceous black to brown, sometimes withlighter or darker mottling: young often withwhitish snots. Blind side is un-pigniented. ' Common along sandy goresand nearshore shells in souther,n

-California; some alsq are taken in theMorro Bay. Monterey Bay. and in the SanFrancisco area An important -species topier anglers in southern -Citalifornia. Goodfishing is sometimes found near live -baitreceiver loc ations Rarely taken in waterovet 10 to 15 fathoms (18.3-2'7.4 m) deep.In southern California comnipn along shorein the spring. freqtienting cPannele, leadinginto larger bays. and just outside the surf- -zone. From Morro Bay north to San .

.Francisco and Tamelag bays. fishing, isbest in summer and early fah. '

122.

\\.C9

o122. PACIFIC SANDDAB. mottled sonddab.Citharichthys 'sordidus (Girard). DIE-TRIBUTION:, Magdalena Bay; Baja-California. Mexico. to horthwestern,Alaska

e mild Searaof Japan. SIZE: TO;16' inches (41cm) lonr most weigh less than '/3 pound(0.2 kg). COLOW. Variotis 'shades of-light ,,.-brown. sometimes mottled, with dulPoraRge.-yellkw, or black. Blind side is un-pigmented. Comrwn.. over sandy orimuddy-sand bottoms at depths of 20 to 50fathoms (36.6,81.4 mt.',An excellent foodfish.

PLEURONECTIDAE:RIGHTEYED FLOUNDERS

123. PACION-IALIBUT; northern halibut.Hippoglossus 'stenoldpis Schinidt. DIS-TRIBUTION: Santa Rosa Island. Calif. tothe Bering Sea and Sea of Japan. SIZE:

,115

I

Average weight of the sporvatch off ti!Washington. Oregon. and northernCalifornia :coasts is 5 pounds (2.3 kg), butlarger fish.are common in Alaska. Femalesrecorded to 495. pounds (224.5 kg), males to123 pounds (55.8 kg). Length up to 81/2 feet(259 cm), COLOR: Uniform dark brown toblack, sometime' with paler blotches andfine mottling. Blind side is un-pigmented. (*Commonly caught off Oregon,Washington, and Alaska: not usually takensouth of extreme northern California.Fished in moderately deep water, 20 to 100fathoms (36.6-182.9 m), Sometimes appearsin relatively shallow water during summer.

.." An excellent food species.

124.

129.

126 'HORNYHEAD TURBOT. Pleuro-nichthys verticolis Jordap and Gilbert.'DISTRIBUTION. Magdalena Bay. BajaCalifornia. Mexico. to Point Reyes.Calif SIZE: Length recorded to .141/2Inches (37 cm). average weight about 3/4 to

` 1. pound (0 3-0.5 V). COLOR. Brown withdarker mottlings and scattered paleblotches. L Common to southern CaliforniaAn bays. sloughs. and other nearshoreareasSimilar in habitat preference to the.diamond turbot

124 STARRY FLOUNDER. diamondback.Platichthys stellatus (Pallas) DIS-TRIBUTION: Santa Barbara. Calif. toArctic Alaska and Sea of Japan. An-abundant species from central Californianorth to Alaska. SIZE. Weight recordedu, to 20 pounds (9.1 kg) and a length of 3

sfeet (91 cm). However. the average sport-, caught fish isty bout 11/4 pounds (0.6

kg). COLOR: Mot.bd dark brown withalternatufg white...fp light orange and blackbands on dorsal and anal fins. Blind side isunpigmented ri One oT the few flounderspecies that may ordinarily have the eyesand cofor on either side. One of the mostimportant sport-caught- flatfishes along theentire Pacific coast Lives in shallow waterover sandy or mud bottom. Sometimescaughlat depths of up to`70 fathoms (1280m). It is common in bays. an frequentlymigrates into tidewater .aieds and uprivers. Has a very rough.(grindstone) skin.

125.

127 PETRALE SOLE. roundnose flounder.Eopsetto Jordan' (Lockington). DIS-TRIBUTION:, Coronado Islands. BajaCalifornia, Mexico. to northern Gulf ofAlaska. SIZE: Average weight is about 13/4pounds (0.8 kg): maximum recorded lengthis 271/2 inches (70 cm). q01,0R. Uniformdark to light brown. sometimes with palerblotches Blind side is unpigmented. Animportant and desirable food fish caught offcentral California. Oregon,. and Washingtoncoasts. It is commonly found on sand andmud bottoms. usually to depths of 60, feet(18.3 m) or More, during the summer.migrating to deeper water (up to 1.200 feetor 365 8 m) during the winter.

129. ENGLISH SOLE, lemon sole,' yointed-nose flounder. Parophrys vetulus \Girard.DISTRIBUTION. Central. Baia Califorpia. Mexico. to no7thwestern Alaska.SIZE: Average weight about 1 pound (0 5-4-kg); record length`ta reported to be 24inches (61 cm). COLOR. Brown. with fins.edged with darker brown to black.' Blindside is unpigmented. fi An importantspecies from central' California north.Migratory. found in bays and estuaries outto about 200 fathoms (365.8 m). Caughtnearshore .during the summer, and.although sometimes taken from piers andoff jetties at this season of the year. more,'are landed by skiff and party boat entersthan by any other method. A good food fish;however, the flesh of inshore specimenssometimes has an iodine flavor

130. SAND SOLE. fringe flounder. Pset-tichthys melanostictus Girard DIS-TRIBUTION Point, Mugu. Calif.. to north-western Gulf of Alaska. SIZE. Averageweight '/2 pound (0.2 kg): record lengthreported to be 21 inches (53 cm) COLOR,Dark gray to brown. speckled with darkbrown or black spots. inshorespecles is usually caught along sandyshores. around jetties, and in estuaries. Theyoung are sometimes caught around rockyareas in summer. Migrates to deep water inthe winter. Common north of Point Con-ception, Calif -

131.,vMSMA11,11\111,1,

125. DIAMOND TURBOT, Hypsopsettaguttuluto (Girard). DISTRIBUTION:, Gulf ofCalifornia and Magdalena Bay. BajaCalifornia. Nlexido. to Cape Mendocino.Calif SIZE. Record length is about 18inches (46 cm). average w ght.of the sportcatch is. about 4 pousnds (0 6kg) COLOR G to brown. mottled withblue spots. Blind side is unpig-mented ' Commonly found in bays andsloughs over mud and sand bottom. Usually'caught in water less than 500 feet 0152.4 m)deep. Best fishing is in southern Californiain such locations as Newport and Missionbays, where it is caught year-round.

116, t

128. ROCK SO i broiidfin flounder.Lepidopsetta bi neat° ,(Ayres). DIS-TRIBUTION: Southe California Ito theBerifig Sea and Se of Japan. SIZE.Record length is about 2 2 inches (57---tm).average weight is about 1/2' pounds (0.6kg). COLOR. Dark to light brown lithlighter or darker yellow or red mottlingsand spots. fins with dark blotches or bars.Blind side is unpigmented. Li Known torange to a depth of about 70 fathoms (128m). but is frequently caught in shallowwater over sandy or gravelly bottotp, andsometimes near eel grass beds. Mostabundant fro central California nortli\ into'Puget. Sound/

119

/4/ z,fo'131. REX SOLE, longfin ole. Glypto-cepholus zachirus Lockington. DIS-TRIBUT.40N. San Diego. Calif . to the BeringS a. WZET Average weight is about 1/2

pabd (0.2 1g): maximum length is reported"to be about 231/4 inches (59 cm). COLOR.

Uniform light brown on eyed -sidb; finsdarker, pectoral fins' black. Blind side isunpigmented. I A deepwater species.

"usually 'caught over sand and sand-mudbottom. Similar in habitat requirements tothe petrale sole and Pacifik sanddab. Ahighly desirable fotd species.,

I

FLATFISHES OF LESS IMPORTANCETO THE MARINE ANGLER:.

132. CURLFIN SOLE. Pleuronichthvsdecurrens Jordan and Gilbert. DIS

' TRIBUTION: San Quintin say. BajaCalifornia. Mexico, to northwesternAlaska. SIZE: Length to 141/2 inches (37 .ciin). COLOR. Reddish brown with darkerbrown or gray mottling above.

133. SPOTTED TURBOT. Pleuronichthysrater' Starks and Morris. DISTRIBUTION:Magdalena Bay, Baja California. Mexico. toPoint Conception, Calif. SIZE. Length to

L111/2 inches (29 cm). COLOR. Brown togray witnliiiht speckling, usually with threedark spots.

134. C-() SOLE, Pleuroniclithys coenosusGirard. DISTRIBUTION: Cape Colnett.Baja California. Mexico. to southeasternAlaska. SIZE. Length to about 14 inches(36 cm) COLOR, Dark brown abovemottled with light brawn:

I . .. .

135. BUTTER SOLE. Isopsetta isolepis(Lockington). DISTRIBUTION ' SouthernCalifornia to Alaska and Bering Sea. rareSouth of Posit Conception, Calif. SIZE.Length to 204 inches (55 cm). COLOR.Dark to light brown or gray with lightmottling. sometimes with yahoos'sr greenspots; fins edged with yellow.

136. SLENDER SOLE. Lyopsetta exilis(Jordan \ and Gilbert). DISTRIBUTION.

edros Islands. Baja Calitorrriolexico. toA sek CanYan, Alaska. SIZE: Length td 13_inches (33 cM). COLOV'Uniform light olivebrown.

137 DOVER SOLE. Microstomus pacificus(Loc).-ington) DISTRIBUTION SanCristobal Bay. Baja California. Mexico. toBering Sea. SIZE.Length to 30 inclras (76cm). COLOR. Uniform gray brown: finsblack.

K t.

OTHER MINOR MARINE GAME FISHES:

A brief listing is given below of some ad- sditional families and species ,of fishes whichnow do not contribute significantly to thesport catch. but sometimes are taken byPacific coast Janglers This listing is notcomplete since marine anglers capturemany species during the course of the yearthat are not listed here, but it reviews someof the more commonly cpught minorspecies.

kYLIORIUMDAE: (la SHARKS

138 SWELL SHARCC cephaloscyllium etn-triosum (Garman) DI,TRIBUTIONt Chileto Monterey. Cali V- Not. common north ofPoint Conception, Calif.

SQUALIDAE: DOGFISH SHARKS

139 SPINY DOGFISH. Squalus acanthiosLinnaeus. DISTRIBUTION Tempera,te andsubtropical Atlantic and Pacific oceans; inthe eastern Pacific. in Chile. southernCalifornia to Alaska. and to Japan

RAJIDAE: SKATES

140 BIG SKATE, Raja binoculataGirard. DISTRIBUTION. San Quintin Bay,Baja California. Mexico. to northwesternAlaska and BerinteSea. Not common southof Point Conception. Calif.

141. CALIFORNIA SKATE. Ram inornataJordan and Gilbert. DISTRIBUTION: TurtleBay. Baja CaVornia. 'Mexico. to the Straitof Juan de Fuca.

142. LONGNOSE SKATE. Raja rhinoJordan and Gilbert. DISTRIBUTION: PointLoma. Calif.Jp Southe'rn Alaska.

DASYATIDAE: STINGRAYS

143. ROUND STINGRAY, Urolophus halleriCooper DISTRIBUTION: Panama Bay,Panama. to Humboldt Bay, Calf. Rare northof Point Conception, Calif.

MURAENIDAE: MORAYS

144. CALIFORNIA MORAY. Gymnothoraxmordax (Ayres). DISTRIBUTION:

'Magdalena Bay. Baja California, MexiciAttoPoint Conception, Calif.,

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CLUPEIDAE: HERRINGS

145. PACIFIC' HERRING. Clapea harpnguspallasi Valenciennes. DISTRIBUTION:Northern Baja California, Mexico, tonorthern Eurasia. Bering Sea. end Japan.

146. PACIFIC SARDINE. Sardlnops sagaxcaeruleus (Jenyns). DISTRIBUTION. Guay-mas. Gulf- of California. Mexico. to Kam-chatka Peninsula, USSR.

ENGRAULIDAE: ANCHOVIES

147. NORTHERN ANCHOVY. Engraulismordax Girard. DISTRIBUTION: La Paz;

'Bak! California. Mexico, to Queen, Charlotte Island, British Columbia.

SYNODONTIDAE: LIZARDFISHES

148. CALIFORNIA LIZARDISH, Syilduslucioceps (Ayres). DISTRIBUTION: Guay- .

masa Gulf of California, ,Mexico, to SanFralTisco, Calif. Uncommon north of Point

' Conception, Calif.

BATRACHOIDIDAE: TOADFISHES

149. PLAINFIN MIDSHIPMAN, northernmidshipman, Porichthyi notatus Girard.DISTRIBUTION: Gorda Bank, Gulf ofCalifornia. Mexico, to Sitka, Alaska.,

POMADASYIDAE: GRUNTS

.150. SALEMA, Wave bass, Xenistiuscaliforniensis (Steindachneq. DISTRI-BUTION: Peru north to Bay, Calif.Rare north of POintsCon Calif.

POMACENTRIDAE: DAMSELFISHES'

151. BLACKSMITH, Chromis punclipinnis(Cooper)' DISTRIBUTION: Point San Pablo,Baja California, Mexico, to Monterey, Calif.

CLINIDAE: CLINIDS

152. r GIANT. KELPFISH, Heterostichus.rostratus Chard. DISTRIBUTION: CapeSan\ Lucas, Baja California. Mexico,British Columbia.

,K j

153. NESPOT FRINGEHEAD, Neoclinusimino atus Hubbs. DISTRIBUTION: San'Diego Bay to Bodega Bhy, Calif. -"t . .

..t

117

Marine Game Fishes of the Pacific Islands

The followiN pages describe some ofthe major gat fishes taken in marineand brackish warbrs of -Hawaii.American Samoa, and Guam. It isindeed unfortunate that these tropicalfishes could nat be reproduced incolor, for they are among the mostbeautiful in the world.

The )"locai fish names are givenfirst. since\-4ks by these names thatthey are known in the tropical Pacific.Usually the Hawaiian name is givenfirt identifiXcs1 by the symbol (H),followed by it 'equivalent in Samoan(5) or GOarnanian (G), and then by itsEnglish equivalent if one exists. Theauthorized scientj is name and thename of the pet on who originally

L

described the species are given last.For those who wish to pronounce

the Hawaiian' names correctly. it isrelatively simple. There are only 12letters in the al4habet and the fivevowels, A, E: I, O. U. are pronounceda as in father; e as in veiny I as inReap, o as in awn, and u as in bookEath vowel- is promiunced. For , in-stance. aholehole is pronounced ah-ho-leh-ho-leh, with the accent on gie.--seconfl and fourth syllable. Theconsonants are pronounced as inEnglish. except that W. especiallywhen after the first syllable, has thesound of V as in luable. For example'avveoweo is pr ounced ah-veh-oh;veh-oh The apostrophe or haihza. as

in. .aweoweo and in other Hawaiianfish names. indicates elision of one orTore letters. It does not indicatedccent, but a breqk in sound betweenthe letters it sellkuratts. In o writingHawaiian names it is tmportant thatthese marks be used, since they are anessential part of the word.

Marine anglers wishing to make acloser sp,ecies identification of theircatch should read Handbook ofHawaiian Fishes by Gosline and Brock(1960, University Press, Honolulu). Thisreference is . the best availablecovering most of the species.VOtherreferences for specific families andgenera will be 'found in the section onReference.

CARCHARHINIDAE: REQUIEM' SHARKS

SPHYRNIDAE: HAMMERHEADSHARKS

154. MANO (H), maim (S). Willa (S), gr.<shark, sand shark, whaler. Cql.charhinusspp. DISTRIBUTION: Membejs of thisTerms are widely distributed in tropical andtemperate seas worldwide. SIZE Thespecies above, the gray reef shack. C.amblyrhyncos (Bleeker). reaches a Leath ofabout 8 feet (244 cm). other Pacificmembers. of this genus are reported toreach up to 16 'feet (488 cm) COLOR.Differs with species. generally grayish tobrownish. fading to lighter below. [1 Most

ty 1- sharks belong to this grdup. manya hore or reef-Inlfabiting' species.oth also occur far out at sea. A few areconsidered potentially dang&rous to humansand attain considerable size. Althoughsometimes considered a nuisance toanglers. sharks ore rapidly growing inpopularity as game fishes. The gray reef .

shark is especially abundant -aroundAmerican Samoa. It also occurs aroundHawaii and Guam. but is not sought byanglers Sharks, are usually caught byhandlming at anchor or adrift and bytrolling over channel areas between reefsand over of shore ledges

118

I

155. MANO KIHIKIHI (H). Willis (G),niata-i-taiga ( ). scalloped hammerhead(shark). Sp na Imam (Griffith andSmith). DISTRIBUTION Tropical andtemperate Atlantic. Pacific, and Indianoceans. SIZE. Readies a length of over 10feet (305 cm). COLOR: Light gray 'abovend white below: black on the ventral

surfaces of the pectoral fins. This shark.o&int7 Inshore as well as offshore. andalth ugh sometimes found in largeaggregations. it is usually solitary. Takenby ang rs in Hawaii and American Samoa:only ra taken in Guam. Caught bytrolling o drifting with whole or cut baits.Rarely eate sometimes used as bait.

ELOPIDAE: TARPQNS, LADYFISHES

'

156. AWAAWA (II). awa'aua !Mice'avva oty, ladyfish. tenpounder. Elopsliowoliensis Regan. DISTRIBUTION:Tropical Pacific. SIZE. Up to about 24inches (61 cm). usually bout 12 to 15

-inches (30-38 cm) COLOR. Bright silvery.with a blue-green hug, on the dorsalarea. , The awaawa is primarily an in-shore fish, often found in bays and harbors 1and along sandy shores. In Hawaii it is

121

known'to enter streams and rivers and iscommo reared in fish ponds. Thisspeci rely occurs in American Samoaand Gu . Taken by hook and andbygill net throughout the Hawaiian Islands.Excellent light-flickle quarry that fightsgamely and leaps repeatedly when hooked.The awititima is edible. but the fleshcontains many fine bones. Widely used bythe Chinese in making fish, cakes.

ALBULIDAE: BONEFISHF

157. '0'10 (Fi)° bon4fish, Ajbula vulpes(Linnaeus). DISTRIBUTION: Worldwide intropical and subtrOpical oceans. SIZE: All-tackle record (Zululand, South Africa) is 19pounds (8.6 kg) and 39 5/8 inches (100.7cm long. In the Pacific Ocean (Kauai,Halraill` the record, is 18 pounds 2 minces(8.2 kg), and a length of 3 feet 51/2 inches(105.4 cm). Hawaiian bonefish are usually____--,about 15 to 18 inches (38-46 cm)long. COLOR: Bright iridescent silver:

'o'io is a schooling fish that feedsalong sandy bottom, usually over, sandpatches or channels between coral for-mations in the reef. Sometimes enters thesurge zone along beaches. Although caughtthroughout the year in,,HaWaii., the seasonusually begins in December when the fishcome fairly close to shore to spawn, andfishing is usually good through April.Exceptionally large fish have been takenfrom waters off Kauai. Oahu. and Maui.This species is untommon in AmericanSamoa a does not occur in Guam. Caughtsurf MI and bottomfishing with cutbait: -sin are taken with gill nets. Like theawaaw the flesh of tfie bonefish is

O

palatable, but contains numerous. finebones. It is. however. a Hawaiian fievoritefor making fish cakes end Ipoki (raw.spiced).

CHANIDAE: MILKFISPES

)-."..

158. AWA, (1-1,). agual(G). 'milkfish. Chanclianos (Forskal) DLSTRIBUTION.Throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific SIZE:Up to 3 feet (41 cm) long: most caught are

. iiroUnd' 18 to 24cinches (46.61cm) CQLOR. Silvery. The awe is aschooling surfacefeeding-fish. common tobrackish-water areas. bays, and inlets inthe ilawanan'Islands Common in AmericanSamoa. but very rarely fished for: un-common in Guam Hawaiian anglers catchawe with 111.5Ok and line using bread or

- algae far bait. Like the awaaAra and thethis fish is a scrappy fighter. often

leaping from the water wheh hooSked. Alsotaken with gill nets: young fish aresometimes taken with cast nets. Considereda fine food fish: some are raised com-mercially, in fish ponds in Hawaii.

MURAENIDAE: MORAY EELS

BELONIDAE! NEEDLEFISHES

160.

160. 'AHA'AHA (H), ise keeltailneedlefish. needlefish. ,Platybelone argalus(Lesueur). -DISTRIBCTION. Worldwide.SIZE: Attains a length of 'about-15 inches(30 cm). COLOR. Blue green, on back:fading to silvery below. A .near- and'offshore schooling species, often seen-skittering or gliding over the water'ssurface. Common int Hawaii anqsAmeriCanSamoa, although not' sought after by-Samoan fishermenn Guam. a much largerspecies of needlefish called :'pulus" orhouncifish. Tylosurus crocodilus (Peron end

1,Lesueur). is one of the more common fishestaken with spinning gear.- In giperol,

needlefisitip taken by pole and link using,artificial Pres or live, bait. The greenish'flesh of the 'eha'ahe is reported to have averygood flavor.

HOLOCENTRIDAE: SiQUIRRELFISHES

161.

l20 Indies (51 mil) long. COLOR. Purplebrown witt, light-blue- spots Pale barsevident towards tall region as in-

, :dfcated. [ A very common bottomfish in-American Samoa. found over reefs androcky areas at about 10 to 46 fathoms (18.3-

. 73.2 m) licti also occurqn Guam and in1956 was introduced td:. the HawaiianIslands where, it has now becomeestablished around most of the larger

,Isionds Caught handlining on the bottom or-spearing..Like most groupers. when hookedthis fish usually attempts to gel into holesor'crevices. so It is wisell )b -keep the fish'shead up and the line taut.

163;

163. G}1DA0 (G).'gatela (5). Enianephel sfosciatus fForskAlr DISTRIBUTIO

/Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE: Reported toTeach about 14 Inches (36 cm). ' R:Red with dusky crossbars winch tend tofade with age. Distinguished by th bleak'Margin on the s))iny* dorsal fin. A 4,evmmon grouper caught by spinning gearand ' spears aroun Guam and AmericanSamoa:. I oduced o Hawaii in 195Etifromthe Ma as Islands. but did not-bacomeestablis ed, good food fish.

161. MENPACHI (H), 'u'u (H). malau (S).sosar(G). soutrrelfish. Myripristis berndtiJordan 1:indiEvermann and 41.amoenus-4,Casteln8u). DISTRIBUTtOgT TropicalPa ific Orin.' SIZE: Up to 14 incites

. averages(

em). COLOR :6- Bright_ red. These two) aver 7 to 9 Inches (18-

species of menpachi are common inshorereefvfishes in Hawaii.` Both are noctur-nal and congregat4 in caves and deepcrevices during the day, venturing out overthe reet at night to feed. Usually taken withsneers: also with gill nets and hooks andlines and in traps. Fished for mostly atnight. MeaOachi are highly esteemed asfood fish and subsequently brjng a highprice at Hawaiian markets.

' 159. Pal, (H). puha-poke (I1). puss (S),titugi (Gr. moray. Gymnothorax spp.DISTRIBUTION. Tropical Pacific OceanSIZE. Hawaiian morays range up-to 5 or 6feet (152-183 cm) long but most are under 2feet (61 cm). This group containNall puhior morays most commonly seen in Hawatiawaters and in the market. The fiillustrated above. G flavimarginatus(Riippell), the puhi -paka. is one of Hawaii'slarger eels and relatively common. Moray§are pugnacious predators and have largefanglike teeth. Some are known to biteviciouslybut usually only when provoked.Most of the tune they remain deep increvices and holes in reefs and rock.y..,ar.gas,where they lie in wait for bassill or in- --lured prey Most are speared, some Oretaken incidentally by hook and line and intraps. Commonly caught for food inAmerican Samoa. but not _Ought afterGuam where the flesh is reported to beoccasionally poisontIus. Sometimes used asbait in -Hawaii.

SERRANIDAE: SEA BASSES .

i62. ROI (H). ana,t(S). gadao (G).blue spotted gr er. Cepholopholis orgusBloch and Schneider. DISTRIBUTIOV:Tropical Indo:Pacific. SIZE: Reaches about

122

164. 'ATA'ATA. (S). Epinephelus tauvina(Forsktil).''DISTRIBUTION: Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE: Up to 500 pounds (226.8 kg)in weight and averages -anywhere 'from 100.to 400 pounds (45.4-181.4 kg). COIPR:Young'fish are' tan with Irregular brownbars and red mottling and, spotting; largespecimens are uniform dark brown. Thislarge Samoan grouper is common overrocky areas in water from 50' to 500 feat(In. to 152.4 m) deep, and is taken byhardline. 'A large unidentified groupercaught by Guam handjipers might beclosely related to the amoan species.althp.oh its positive identification has yetto be determined. This Guam grouper isreported to reach over 80 pound§ (36.3 kg)and is excellent eating When fresh, it hasseveral broad faint vertibel bars pn thebody which fade soon after dee to auniform dark brown.

119,

-,165. GATALA,, (S). gadao (GC grouper.EgInephelus merra Bloch4 DISTRIBUTION:

4 Tro Pical Indo-Pacific. SIZE lip to 18inches (46 cm). cCOLQR. Yellowish, whitewith dark orange-brown spots: more yellowin .the.tdorsal region. ,.. , A very atuhdaninshore reef-inhabiting grouper in AmericanSamoa and Guam. and one of the two m:tcomni'on groupkrs taken spearing-a Ohspinning gear )var Guam's shallouVefs

is

One* introduced to Hawaii from Tahiti, butdid not become successfully established.Food value considered good.

. ,"

\166. GATALA (S). fa manaia (S). gadao_(G. grouper. Variola leati (Fox-skill). DISTRIBUTION: Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE: RepsoOted to reach 3 feet (91 t

cm) 'long. COLOR: 'Yellowish brown or'orange, everywhere spotted with smallreddish or pinkish spotslnwtth those towardthe back margined with a purple or blueline. Pectoral and tail fins bright yellow:e ,'e red, ..underside of head acid body

i.

ed, H This brilliantly colored grouperioccurs both ii;_erican Samoa and Guam._andwit4s- very common around America'a

i"Ramod over reef and ledge areasAt abouf10 to 40 fathoms (18.3-73.2 m) Young fishfre-quent lhallow-water reefs andsometimes enter deep 'tide pools in

Species

Samoa. in Guam the young of thisSpecies appear to prefer deNer water 'In

Samoa they are caught trandloung andsometimes trolling. in Guam most are taken'by spear-fishermen Considered a fine foodfish

KUHLUDAE: AHOLEHO&S

n67. AHOLEHOLE (H). ''inovntain bass.silver perch. Kiiblia sandviAnsis (Stein-dachner) DISTRIBUTION: HawaiianIslands. SIZE: Up to 12 inches- (30 cm):

sunny from 4 to 6 inches (.1 0-1 5

cm). COLOR: Slivery; rms often dusky tip-e 111 An -abundant insfibre fish found in

strea long the shoreline.-around pilings

20

k

J.

in harbors and bays, or in large schmewer reefs The young are numerous in tidepools while adults inhabit deeper water.but generally no deeper than20 feet (6.1m). Aholehole is usually nocturnal andhides in crevices during the day andemerges at night to feed Taken with castnets. by hook and line. and by spearing increvices and holes in the reef. Lights aresometimes used to attract them at night. Anexcellent food fish

168. UMATAN (G). sasele (S), Kuhharupestris (Cuvier and Valenciennes).DISTRIBUTION. liS4despreed in tropichlcentral Indo-Pacific. SIZE. In Guam thisfish may _reach 14 to 16 inches (36-41 em)

r and up to 1 to 2 pounds (0.7-0 9 kg);usually runs about 8 to 9 inches (20-23cntl and about 1;4 or 1/3 pound (<0.3kg).. This close relative of the aholeholeoccurs ,in American Samoa and is verycommon to most streams and rivers ofGuam Similar in habits and appearance toK sandvioencis. but seems to have agreater affinity to fresh water. Youngumalan found close to mouths oftribb'taries while large adults are usuallyfound farthesr .upstream. In fresh Water.iaken with'nets and spears and with lightspinning 'tackle using li0e, bait, artificialflies, and small poppers @n excellent fooZIfish.

V

PRIACANT,HIDAE: BIGEYES

-

40,

APOGONIDAE: CARDINALFISHES

171. 'UPAPALU (H), lansi (G). fo (S),moonlight fish. moonlight Annie. Apogonmenesemus Jenkins and A. kallopterusBleaker. DISTRIBUTION. Tropical Pacific"Ocean. SIZE. Up to 9 inches (23cm). COLOR. Both purplish with blackmarkings. L] The fish pictured is A.menesemus. These two small inshore reeffishes are very common in the PacificIslands. 'Upapalu are nocturnal and feedon small ,crustaceans. Males carry eggs intheir mouths for incubation. In Hawaiithese- two cardinalfishes are often takenpole fishing on, moonlit nights over thereefs. Food value is consideted good.

CARANGIDAE: JACKS ANDPOMPANOS -

169 'AWEOWEO (H). mamagas (G). meta -'pelt,- (S), red ,bigeye. Priacanthus cruen-tatus (I:acepsede). DISTRIBUTION. Co--cumtropvl. SIZE. Up to about 12 inches(30 cm). averages about 6 to 8 inches (45 -20

0 cm). COLOR: Variable: known to changeits coloration rapidly from deep red tosilvery, or to a mottled silvery pink and red:fins are of f fl.n speckled with black. InHawaii and merican Samoa this nocturnalreef fish is ound in-shallow reefs and inbays and harbors where it feeds primarilyon free-swimming invertebrates and smallfishes It is uncommon in tuam.,In Hawaiithe awe'owtoci is usually' taken during ale"evening and moonlit nights are cpnsidered

'beskOccesionally great schools ofluvenilefigfilippear nearshore at night. and it wasonce thought by early& Hatvaiian 'Mendersthat the appearance or these- immense'schools signified the Imminent death ofroyalty. Taken pole fishing. handlining, andspearing. Opinions about the rood value ofthis fiat very from fair to bxcellent.

-..,

170. 'ALALAUA (H). Ppacanthus alalauaJordan and E r mann . [7] Thy is anothermember of bigeye funny taken byHawaiian fishermenNIt does not occur asclose to shore as the 'aweoweo, usuallyfound in water deeper than 50 feet (over15.2 m). SIZE. Reaches up to 14 inches (36cm) long. 123

172. 'KAHALA (H). 'g eater amberiack,Seriola dumerili. (Risso). wo other am.bedecks. Seriola rivoli a and S.qui queTachata. also 'occur 1 Hawaiianwet rs and may enter the 'ort catch.,,DIS UTION: Circumtropical. SIZE: All-tackle record (Bermuda) is 149 po ds (67.6kg) with a length of 71 inches. (180. cm).Most caught in Hawaii are around feet(61' cm)long and about 8 toe_10 pound: (3.6-4.5 kg). COLOR. Light metallic brow 'tha purplish tinge. When alive! a fa' on-yellow band extends from the h ad o thebase of tail. [..] The kahpla inhabitsI-Jawairs deeper coastal waters between 40fo 100 fathoms (73.2-182,9 m). living nearthe bottom. The most productive fishingareas seem to be over. deep -sea ledges ordrop 'offs. This fish alko occurs in Samba.and similar species. if not the same, occurin Guenvz-Usually- caught handlining off-shore, although op rare occasions this fishmay come close To shore within castingreach of shore anglers Small fish areconsidered good eating. large fish only fair.

173. 'OPELU (H), 'opelu -mama (H).achuman (G), mackerel scad. Decapteruspinnulatus (Eydoux and Souleyet). This fishis very similar to th6 Atlantic mackerelscad, Decant urus maccuellus (Cuvier).DISTRIBUTION: Tragical Pacific Ocean.,IZE: Up to 20 inches (51 cm) in length;usually less than -10 inches (25cm). COLOR:. Bluish or greenish yellowabove. silvery below. E] Found in schoolsnear the surface and in mid-water andcommon to the coastal waters of Hawaiiand Samoa; rarely taken in Guam. InHawaii. the young under 5 inches (<13cm) long school- far out at sea where theyoften become the prey of aku or skipjacktuna. aught by hook and line at night endwith special 'opelu lift net during the day.An excellent f d fish. also used as baitand live chum for rge tuna and marlin.

. .

174. AKULE (H). ail (H). atule (S). atulai(G). biting (G). mackerel bigeye scad. Selar

( crumenopthalmus (Block). In Hawaiilifhup to 5 inches (13 cm) are called"hahalalu" or "halalu ": those about 5 to 7 1'

(inches (13-18 cm) called ."ma'au": andhosehose over 7 lathes called akule.

Tropical Pacific. SIZE: Upto 15 inches (38 cm): average caught byanglers is under 8 inches (20 cm). COLOR:Olive green on dorsal area. golden orsilvery on sides and head: tail fin yellow tend a faint spot on gill cover. The akuleis a schooling fish inhabiting the mid- orsurface waters along the coasts of all theislands, the young often coming close toshore into protected bays and harbors. InHawaii. young fish ar "halalu" offer greatsport to shore anglers fishing with lightspinning tackle and most are caught fromabout July to December. Adult fish arefound offshore where they are netted orfiandlined in season by commercialfishermen. In American Samoa. this fishoccurs throughout most of the year and iscaught in lagoons and bays around Tutuila.usually pole fishing from shore and piersand handlining from boats. In Guam, largeschools of juveniles occasionally enter baysand are taken with surround nets andsometimes with spinning gear. usually fromApril to August; larger fish are takenhandlining offeliore at night during darkmoon phases. An excellent food fish.

175. WHITE ULUA (H). ulua kihikihi,kagami ulua (H). thread crevally. Alectisciliaris (Bloch). Previously known asCarangoides ajax A sinulaispecies, Alectisindica (Riippell). also occurs in Hawaii andmay enter the sport catch. DIS-TRIBUTION. Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE:Up to 3'21 feet (107 cm) long; usually about10 to 15 pounds (4.5-6.8 kg). COLOR: Adultfish are dusky white. often darker along thedorsal area: young are silvery. Thejuvenile form. called ulua kihilahi. is one ofthe most beautiful fish in Hawaiian waters.with the first four or five spiny rays of thedorsal and anal fins produced into longtrailing streamers. As the fish matures,these spines grow shorter. and in someadults they disappear completely. The,young are often found in harbors and othersheltered 'Waters. but upon reachingmaturity this once delicate creatureassumes a more jacklike appearance.moves to deeper and more open water.Taken from' rocky shores with heavy bait-casting gear. Offshore they are frequently

-caught deepwater trolling or handlining atdepths of about 1Q to 30 fathoms (18.3-54.9m). An excellent Thad fish, served raw orcooked.

176, 'OMAKA (H). Mule mate (Cuvier andValenciennes. DISTRIBUTION: TropicalPacific. SIZE: Up to 12 inches (30 cm);averages about 8 to 10 inches (20-25cm). COLOR: Greenish yellow often with abrassy tinge over silvery sides. 0 This jaCkis found in protected bays and estuaries inHawaii. and juveniles are Very abundant infall around floating objects. Most 'omakaare caught with light spinning tackle fromshore and piers.. and handlining from boatsfrom March to October. Fresh and saltedanchovy (nehu) ,is used for bait.Occasionally taken with throw nets and gillnets. Considered an excellent food fish.

124 r

177.

;.

177. PA'U'U (H), tarakito (G) (young.called "papio" (H), "lupe" (S), or"tarakitiyos" (G). as are the young of otherjacks). crevalle. jack crevally, Caranxignobnlis (ForskAl). DISTRIBUTION:Tropical Indo-Pacific and Red Sea. SIZE:Up to about feet (91 cm). COLOR: Paleolive above with a greenish tinge aroundthe head:, sides white; yellow analfin. 0 One of the more common jacks foundaround the Pacific Islan.Os. The young arecaught by shore anglers lvith pole and linein brackish-water bays and harborsthroughout the islands. In Hawaii liveshrimp, or "opee." is used almost ex-clusively as bait for small fish under 2pounds (0.9 kg). Adul fish are found overnearshore reefs and re caught castingfrom rocky shores and ledges andsometimes by spearin - An excellent foodfish.

178. 'OMILLI hoshi ulua (H). oshi (H),illioli (H), omilumilu (H), malauli (S).tarakito (G), star jack, spotted jack, blueulua. blue crevall Caranx melampygps,"Cuvier and Valencien s. DISTRIBUTION:Tropical Indo-Paciftc. IZE: Up to 3 feet(91 cm): most fish to n are about 1 to 2pounds (0.5-0.9 , kg). COLOR: Rathervariable, usually brownish blue above andsilver tan on sides and belly. Fish between10 and 24 -inches (25-61 cm) have manysmakblackish spots on body: larger fishtend to lose spotting and become more of auniformdark, metallic blue. 0 The 'omiluis another ver9 common jack foundthroughout the Pacific Islands. This fishoften moves in close to shore ,followingchannels in coral' reefs and is taken byshore anglers with surf-casting gear. It is,prObably the most common ulua caughtfrom shore in Hawaii. especially on theisland of Hawaii where it is known locallyas illioli. Generally, young fish are found inshallow bays and estuaries while medium-Sized fish from 6 to 20 inches (15-51 cm) aretaken over reefs. The largest fish are takenwith trolling gear outside 4te reefs.Also taken s ring, ,gill netting, andhandlining. An excellent food fish.

121

179.

t179. PAKE ULUA (H). mpmpachi ulua (H).young called papio (H). tarakito (G). or lupo(S). Coronx sexfaci tu's Quoy. andGaimard. DISTRIBUTIO '. Tropical lndo-Pacific. SIZE; Up to 5. feet (152 cm) ormore long; m qt caught weigh about 2

pounds (0.9 kg). LOR: Dark blue greento gold above: yello reen to silver below.The upper lobe of the caudal fin isblack. Juveniles have four to seven darkvertical bars. I I Young fish are -found intide pools and brackish -water areas out todeeper cqastal waters; adult fish live alongrocky shores in turbulent water and overreefs. In Hawaii. the peke ulua is one of thelargest of the jacks taken by anglers butthis fish appears to be less common nowthan in previous years. Caught by hook andline from shore and from boats, adult fishare often taken alortg with 'opelu and akulewhile handlining at night. Some are takenby spears An excellent food fish

1

180. BLACK Ul.UA (H). tarakito (G). jack.Coronx lugubri Poey. DISTRIBUTION:,Circumtropical. SIZE. Up to 9 or 4 feet(91-122 cm) long: average weight about 41/2pounds (2.0 kg). This fish frequents outerreef channels and is similar in appearanceto C. sexfosciotu,s. but has a darker bodycolor and an almost black head. E. Caughtby anglers in Hawaii land particularlyabundant around Guam where they aretaken with handlines over bottomfishingareas around the island. Although thereare reports of the flesh of this species beingpoisonous in certain parts of the Atlantic, itis commonly eaten in the tropical Pacific.

181. KAK1ANU (H). Hawan'a salmon.rainbow runner. Elegotis bipinnulatus(Quoy and Gaimard) DISTRIBUTION.Circumtropical. SIZE The all-tacklerecorda fish taken off Kauaimeasured3 feet 11 inches (119.4 cm) and weighed 30pounds 15 ounces (14 0 kg) Most kamanucaught in the Pacific Islands weigh around12 to 15 pound's (5.4 -6.8 kg). This fish isreported to reach 70 pounds (31.8 kg).although this seems ddubtful COLORDark blue above followed in successiondown the sides by a light-blue stripe. then ayellow stripe. then another light-blue stripe.Yellowish silver below, fins yellow Li: Thissleek and 'colorful member of the jackfamily is an open-ocean species. usuallyseen and caught near the water'sosurface.Exceptionally large fish are -taken inHawaii, especially off Kauai and Oahu.Also caught off American Samoa andGuam. Caught by trolling with small luresor baits, also with handlines. Excellenteating. cooked or raw.

122

182. LAE(H), Tai (S). hagi (G), leather -jacket. runner. leatherback. Scomberoideslyson (ForskAl). DISTRIBUTION: TropicalIndo-Pacific and Red Sea SIZE: Up to 25inches (64 cm): usually 12 to 15 inches (30-38 cm). COLOR: Dusky aboue, fading tosilver on sides and belly. L The swift-swimming lae is an inshore coastal fish thatfrequents sheltered, bays ind harbors and12Lackishwater are near the mouths of ,

streams. It feeds at the surface or in mid-water, mostly on smaller schooling fishes.Seldom found- very far, from shore. InHawaii. caught with hook and line duringthe day. often by shore anglers casting baitor lures for young jacks. This fish should behandled carefully because of its sharpvenomous anal spines. A good fighter onlight tackle. Not widely sought after forfood. In Hawaii the tough. leathery skin ofthe l, ae is valued for making trolling lures.

CORYPHAENIDAE: DOLPHINS

di

183. MAHIMAHI (H. G), masimasi (S),dolphin. Coryphoeno hippurus Lin-noeus DISTRIBUTION. Circumtro-pical. SIZE: All-tackle record (SpanishWells. Bahamas) is 85 pounds (38.6 kg) witha length of 69 inches {175.3 cm). Hawaiianfish range up to 721/2 pounds (32.9 kg),average about 25 pounds (11.3kg). COLOR: When alive the body isbrilliant yellow and green dotted withphosphorescent blue. the dorsal fin ,ispurplish blue. This beautiful fish flashes arainbow of colors when caught, and alsojust before dying. LI) Perhaps this is thebest known and most colorful of gamefishes and one of The most 'abundantspecies caught deep-sea trolling in thePacific Islands Mahimahi inhabit the opensea. sometimes swimming in large schools.Commonly seen swimming close to thesurface near schools of flying fish on whichthey feed. or around floating objects Smallfish up to 5 pounds (2 3 kg) are plentifularound the Hawaiian, Islands 44,,,summer;large fish 30 to 40 pcktint/t (13 6-18 1 kg) aretaken February to April. Common offAmerican Samoa and Guam year-round.with best fishing off the western coast ofGuam usually from January to April (largerfish are caught later in the 'season). Maleshave an almost vertical head profile andgrow to larger sizes than the females.Taken trolling and handlining end is asdelicious to eat as it is beautiful.

125

184. LITTLE MAHIMAHI (II). pompanodolphin. Coryphoeno equisetis Linnaeus.DISTRIBUTION: Circumtropical. Thisfish is similar in appearance and habits tothe mahimahi, but is known to reach alength of only about 30 inches (76 cm).Occastonally taken by Hawaiian anglers

LUTJANIDAE: SNAPPERS

185. UKU (H). aso'aina (S), gray snapper.Aprion virescens Cuvier and Valen-'ciennes. DISTRIBUTION: TropicalPacific. SIZE: Up to 2 feet (61 cm) long;usually about 8 pounds (3.6 kg). COLOR:Uniform grayish blue, with the dorsal areamore bluish than below. Dark blue towardshead; three dark spots near base of dorsalfin. Of the large deepwater snappersdiscussed here, the uku occurs the nearestto shore and jia relatively shallow water.usually less than 60 fathoms (109.7 m) deep.It is the most cylindrical of the snappers.having a long head and snout with a rather

,.prominent groove on either side. Taken,byhooks and line over deep-sea ledges orbanks. usually on or near rocky or hardbottom. Some are taken by trolling Anexcellent'food fish.

186. 'OPAKAPAKA (H). pink paka (G).pink snapper.' Pristipomoides filamentosus(Bleeker). DISTRIBUTION. Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE: Up to 3 feet (91 cm) longand about 18 pounds (8.2 kg); usually 5 to 6pounds (2.3-2.7 kg). COLOR: Light v etbrown dorsally. fading to dusky whitebelow; pectoral fin yellowish. Last rays ofdorsal and anal fins produced intofilaments that reach base of tail fin2 Likethe uku, the 'opakapaka is a deepwater fish.most abundant over rocky bottom drop offs.One of the more common snappers caughtover Guam's banks, with most taken atdepths of 100 to 150 fathoms (182.9-274.3m). This fish is also reported to be abun-dant over the offshore ledges of mericanSamoa at about 200 to 300 fath s (365.8-548.6 m), but these bottomfishi areas areseldom fished. In Hawaii, it is generallyfound in shallower water at around 40 to100 fathoms (73.2.182.9 m) and young fishare sometimes taken in 20 fathoms (36.6 m).Taken handlining. in Hawan, most arecaught during the winter months. An ex-cellent food fish.

187. YELLTMTAIL KALIKALI (G),Pristipomoides auricilla (Jordan, Evermann.and Tanaka). DISTRIBUTION. TropicalPacific. SIZE. Up to about 18 inches (46cm) long. COLOR. Body purplish with 17to 18 narrow, irregular chevron-shapedyellow bands: iris yellow; edge of upper lipyellow; fins yellowish. upperlobe of tail finwith a purple margin. Large males overabout 101/2 inches (27 cm) have a ratherdistinct yellow blotch on upper lobe of tail

1 A very common deepwater snapperin Guam. caught handlining over offshoreledges and.banks at similar depths as Pfilamentosus?An excellent food fish.

188.

188." YELLOWEYE OPAKAPAKA (GPristipomoides flavipinnus Shinohara.DISTRIBUTION: Ryukyus and Guam. SIZUp to at least 17 inches (43 cm) or morlong; fish over 16. inches (41 -trogl occufrequently in catch. COLORN Bodlavender bro,En becoming' pale -toward.belly; eye yelliv; snout and head mottlewith narrow. irregular, light-yellow streaks.Scales have yellow spots which form thinhorizontal stripes above lateral line: finsyellowish. ill This is another common Guamsnapper taken at about the same depths asP. filamentosus and P auricilla. An ex-cellent food fish.

C

V

190. ONAGA (II. C). 'ula'ula koae 111),`pain (S). red snapper. Etelis carbunculus.Cuvier. DISTRIBUTION. Tropical Pacific

. and Indian oceans. SIZE Ulf to 36 pountg(16.3 kg); most run about 4 to'5 pounds (1.8-2.3 kg). COLOR. Red above; silvery pinkbelow, eye red and mouth red or pink;dorsal and tail fin red. l] In Hawaii caughtover offshore drop offs. usually in waterdeeper than the uku or 'opakapaka atdepths of 80 to 130 fathoms (146.3-237.7 m)but not more than 160 fathoms (292.6 m).This is also a Common snapperttaken, overledge areas and banks. off .Guam andSamoa. usually at depths of 100 fathoms(182.9 m) or more. -Caughttandlining year-round. mostly during daylight. Onaga is averyfunportant market fish in Hawaii. Themeat las a delicate sweet flavor ,and isusually served raw. "sashimi" style. Itbrings a high price at the market especiallyduring the New Year's season when thedemand for traditional "imp-sashimi- isat its peak, Also prepared as atspecial dishfor weddings

191, 'ULA'ULA (H).'ehu (G). Etelis marsh!(Jenkins). DISTRIBUTION. Tropical Indo-Pacific SIZE. In Hawaii up to'2 feet (61cm) long. In Guam this fish is...known toreach 40 pounds (18.1 kg) in weight. butmost . raught are about 2 pounds (0.9kg). COLOR The 'ula'ula is similar inappearance and habits to the onaga, butlacks the red coloration on,,the Inside of themouth and usually has a yellowish bandalong the middle of the Sida. Li Takenhandlining along with onaga lit Hawaiianwaters. and one of the more commonsnappers found in Guam' and AmericanSamoa over offshore ledges .and banks. Anexcellent food fish.

189. KALIKALI` (H). pink (G).Pristipomoides sieboldii (Bleaker). DIS-TRIBUTION: Tropical Pacific and Indianoceans. SIZE: Up to at least 18 inches (46cm). COLOR:. Light lavender abovebecomipg paler below. Scales above thelaterallk 14, have pa' e-blue spots in theCenter. forming lengthwise lines, thatbecome indistinct toward the belly. Marginof dorsal fin orange with light lavender: tailfin dark lavender with a light margin.Li This offshore snapper is commonly takenaround' Guam 'handlining over, offshorebanks and ledges at depths from 100 to 150fathoms (182.9:274.3 m):'none have beenreported from depths less than 100 fathoms(182.9 m). In Hawaii, the kalikalb isrelatively minor in the sport catch, where itis taken from depths of 60 to 200 fathoms(109.7-365.8 m) with most caught in water80 to 120 fathom§ (146.3-219.5 m). Con-sidered an excellent food fish:

192. LEHI (G). Aphareus rutildns Caviarand Valenciennes. DISTRIBUTION:,Tropical Pacific. Up to at least 3feet (91 cm) long. COLOR. Brick red. [ ) Acommon Guam snapper taken haildlining onthe bottom over the Galvez Bank and offmuch of the leeward and windwitrd coasts.This species also occurs in AmericanSamoa and Hawaii. Kit is not important inthe sport catch.

126

,193. GINDAI (G), Roosevaltia brighami(Seale). DISTRIBUTION: Tropical Indo-PaQfic., SIZE: Up to 20 inches (51cm) COLOR: Alternating red and yellowvertical bars; dorsal. pctoral, and caudalfins yellow. El This colorful Guam snapperis commonly taken over 100 - fathom (182.3 -m) drop offs around the island. It alsooccurs' in American Samoa and oc-casionally appears in Hawaiian markets. Agood food fish.

194.

194. TA'APE (H)., spvani (S), funai (G).bluelined, snapper, yellow-and-blue sea-perch. Lutjanus kasmira (Forskal). DIS-TRIBUTION. Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE.Reperted to reach 15 inches (38 cm)long. COLOR. Bright lemon yellow wit}pale-blue stripes edged with lavender ordeep purple. Cl This distinctively coloredfish is probably the most abundant inshoresnapper taken in American Samoa. whereIt igs commonly found in water 20 to 100fathoms (36.6-182.9 m) deep. Relativelycommon around Guam at depths of 35 to 40fathoms (64.0-73.2 m). though generallyincidental in the sport catch. Introduced toHawaii from the Marquesas in 1958 and1969. where it now has entered the sport

\. and commercial catch in significantnumbers. In the Hawaiian Islands ta'apeare found in large schools over hard bottomin water 40 to 100 feet (12.2-30.5 m) deep.with adults sometimes in water up to 240feet (73.2 m) deep. Caught handlining atnight; some are taken in traps in Hawaii: Avery,good food fish.

195. f'0AU (H). bua (a), red-marginedseapeOch, Lutjanus fulvis (Bloch andSchneider). DISTRIBUTION; TropicalPacific. SIZE: Reaches a length of about13 inches (33 cm). COLOR: Dusky yellowabove fading to pale yellow or white below,with thin longitudinal yellow_stripes along

123

the scale rows. Dorsal .fins difskyred; anal and pelvic' fins yellow. pectoralfin yellow on upper edge: stnall gOld floc ksand broken lines on h,tiad and cheekarea. Li An inshore fish.found in brackishwater and around stream mouths out toabobt 40 or 50; feet (1-2.2-15.2 m) of water.sometimes entering Jleep*'tide pools Feedson small fishes and invertebrates and oftenseen in small aggregations. Successfullyintroduced to Hawaiian waters in 1956 and1958. Taken by hook and line from shoreand from boats; taken al with .01 nets. ,

surround nets. and spa Considered avery good food fish. 4

196. KAKAKA (G), vava sw (S). feloitega(S), taiva (5), Lutjanus monostigrnus(Cuvier and Valenciennes) DISTRI-BUTION Tropical Pacific. SIZE. Up to 18inches (46 cm): most caught are about 10-12inches (25-30' cm). COLOR. Olive-greenbody (sometimes. coppery red. partidularlyin Samoan wafers). sales on side brassy.belly yellowish white or light coppery red.lips bright red: fins all bright orangeyellow; In general. this fish usually isdistinguished by the 'small tut prominentblack spot on its side. One of the largernearshore snappers commonly taken fromshore over reef 'areas around the iskand ofGuam and American Samoa. Like someother members orthe snapper family it hasbeen Inked with cases of ciguate'ra, or fishpoisoning. but in Guam it is commonly eatenand Is also sole in the markets of AmericanSamoa despite reports of it sometimes beingtoxic there.

197. MU (S), tagafi (G). Lutjanus bohar'1Forskill). DISTRIBUTION; Widespreadthroughout the Tropical Pacific. SIZE:Attains 30 inches (76 cm). COLOR Adultfish are uniformly red with a light greenishtinge around the head area: yellow eyes.'Sometimes brorrty above, lighter below withtwo oval light spots on side. Base of pec-toral and pelvic fins. rosy: otherwise finsdusky. This snapper is commonly caughtby handliners in American Samoa anGuam. usually in water 100 fathoms (182Am) or less. but does not occur in Hawaii.The flesh is reported to be poisonous andshould not be eateh. even though in Guammany large fish (17-25 pounds or 7.7-11.3kg) which are usually the most toxic. weretaken by the Guam, Division of Fish andGame in relatively deep water (35 fathomsor 64.0 m). and none proved to bepoisonous.

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2,

198 MALA'l (S), fafaet.(G), red snapper.Lutiontis gibbus (ForskM). DISTRIBUTION:Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE. Up to 24Inches (61 cm). COLOR. Body uniform redwith red eyes Large adults dften areslightly dusky above and reddish below. HA common snapper taken about reefs inAmerican Samoa and Guam. occurring inmoderately deep water. Usually takenhandlining over the deeper parts of thereef; in Guam. some are taken spearing.Reportedly the flesh of this species causessevere poisoning in other parts of its rattge:however, fish taken from American Sainoaand Guam waters ai'e said to be not toxicand are commonly eaten

LETHRINIDAE: EMPERORS

199. FILOA (5). lrlilok (G). green snapper.Lethrinus miniatus (Forster). DIS-TRIBUTION. Tropical Indo-Pacific and RedSea. SIZE. Up to abOut 36 inches (91

cm). COLOR. Body dark brown to grayish.sometimes with dark mottling on sides.'dorsal. anal, and tail fins pinkish. pectoral

.fin yellow This long-snouted species is acommon inshore reef fish in AmericanSamoa and Guam. and is taken with abaited hook in water up to 140 feet (30.4 m)deep in American Samoa and up to 300 feet(91.4 m) in Gualri. Large specimens areknown to be slightly toxic in Samoa andother parts of this fish's range. hoWever. itis said to be not toxic in Guam where it ishighly prized as a food fish.

200. MU (H). mamamu (H), mumu moaga(S). loalia (5). matanhagon 1C). Monotaxisgrundoculis (Forsk111). DISTRIBUTION:.Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE. Up to 2 feet(61 cm). COLOR Dusky to olive green withtwo whitish crossbarss(sometimes three andfour bars); black crescent at base ofypectoral. Dorsal fin brownish and reddishat tip. caudal and anal fins orange andyellow at base; anal, pectoral, awl ventralfins reddish; inside of mouth red. r] Thisspecies occurs oder reefs in Hawaii and is

127

common in Samoan waters. It is considereda good eating fish and is usually caught by

. handlme. Some are taken with spears andnets.

MULLIDAE: GOATFISHES

201. WEKE-'A'A (H). l'a sine (S), afolu (S).salmonete (G). spot weke. spot goat-fishyoung called "oama" in Hawaii and"teau" in Guam. Mulloidchthyseatus (Lace,pede).Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE. Up to 18Inches (46 cm): "oama" average about 5inches (13 cm) or less. COLOS: Silverywhite with a yellow horizontal' band ex-tending from eye to tail: spot as indicated.This fish can change its markings ratherrapidly. additional spots or blotchesappearing along the lateral yellow bandwhich becomes paler and edged withblue. A very common inshore goattishthroughout Ale Pacific Islands. occurring onor near the bottom in schools or smallaggregations over sandy patches that in-tersperse reef areas. When feeding. itrummages in the' sand for food with itsfingerlike chin barbels, leaving puffs ofsand clouds in its' wake. In Hawaii duringlate summer the young or "oama" swarm inshallow Sandy _areas and are caught fromshore with poles apd lines. Adult fish aremostly speared or netted: some are caughtin fish traps t nd handlining from boats. InGuam. juvenis (teau) are mbch souglgafter by cast netters and surround pettersand are quite common in the lagoonhabitat. Considered a good food fish.

202. WEKE -'ULA (H). salmonete manining(G). vete (S). ula oa (5), red weke. red

.goatfish. Mulloidichthys vanicolensis(Cuvier and Valenciennes). DISTRI-BUTION: Tropical Indo-Pacific and RedSea.- SIZE: Up to 16 inches (41 cm) long;usually about 8 to 10 inches (20-25'cm). COLOR: Rosy red on the dorsalregion. fading to whitish pink below. `Thereis a prominefi light-yellow band along thesides. extending frtm the eye and fadingout- towards the tail region. Ventral andpectoral fins are pale rosy; caudal fin has ayellowish tinge. rl The weke-'ula is noc-turnal, occurring in shallow-reef areas oversandy bottom, seeming to prefer more rockysurroundings ,,than other goatfishes anddeeper water of about 5 to 15 fathoms (9.1-27.4 m): probably deeper off the Kona coastof Hawaii. In Hawaii the weke-'ula is

usually netted; although sometimes taken byhook and line from shore and from boats intby "torch fishing" with spears ornets. A good food fish.

203. MALU (H) salmonete echo (G).goatfish. Porupeneus pleurostigma (Ben-nett). DISTRIBUTION: Widespread..in thecentral Indo-Pacific. SIZE: Reaches alength of about 16 inches (41 cm). This isanother relatively common goatfish similarto thp weke-'a'a in habits and appearance.except the malu is stockier the bhse of the

"soft-rayed dorsal fin is very dak. and theblotch on the side is mere deep than long.,Taken by spearing and with nets.

204. KUMU (H); red goatfish. Parupeneus.porphyreus (Jenkins), DISTRIBUTIONTropical Pacific SIZE. 'Up to 8 or 9pounds .(3.6-4 1 kg); usually 1 to 3 pounds(0.5-1.4 kg) COLOR: Usually reddish witha rather prominent stripe through the eye.although young specimens occasionallyhave a greernSh-color phase Distinguishedby the white saddla. behind the soft dorsalfin. 1:1 A fairly common Hawaiian goatfishfound at various depths 'throughout reefarea especially under coral heads. oftencoming very close '.to shore. Caught mostlyby spearing and in traps during the day;some are taken at`eight by spears of diver,or waders on The reef with lights. The kumuis an extremely ,,priied food fish in HawThe flesh is considered a delicacy.

205.

K'YPHOS1DAE: RUDDERF1SHES, "SEACHUBS

'

206. NENUEIH). manaloa (H). nenue parii(H). guili (G). sea chub. rudderfish.Kyphosus cinerascens Forsktil. DIS-TRIBUTION. Tropical Indo-Pacific and RedSea. SIZE: Up to.10 or 12 pounds (4.5-5.4kg); averages about 4 to 6 pounds (1.8-2.7kg). COLOR: Grey brown with bluereflectionk. lighter below. Narrow darkbands (di:side's between scale rows. Somefish hav'e Irregular blotches of yellow onsides, and on rare occasions a specimenmay be entiKely yellow. LI In Hawaii. thenenue is pa?tial to rough and turbulentwaters along rocky coasts where it is oftenfound in large schools. In Guam. It seems toprefer the edges of channels and reefmarginp This species feeds mostly onalgae. Large fish are generally taken byspear, cast nets. and gill nets: the youngare sometimes Caught during the day byhook and line. Nenue is rather difficult tobook because of its small mouth. but whenhooked It fights vigoiously. Generally notesteemed as a food fish in Hawaii.but someconsider it a delicacyit is much soughtafter by Guamanians. The flesh' has astrong flavor. probably due to the fish'salgal diet.

POMACENTRIDAE: DAMSELFISHES

205. MOANO (H). Part peneus 'multifas--ciatus (Quoy and Gaimard). DISTRI-BUTION Hawaiian Islands. SIZE: Up to 12inches (30 cm) or so: averages about one-third of a pound (less than 012,143) COLOR. Dark red with alternatingbands of pale rosy red and darker red.Usually aistinguished by the dark-red-to-black bar that extends down between thetWo dorsal fins This small goatfish isfound over sand bottom from the shore todepths of about 40 fathoms (73.2 m), andlike the other goatfishes mentioned it isusually found. where patches of sand in-,tersperse rock or covet An abundant in-shore reef fish. taken in traps and by shoreanglers with spinning and bait-casting gear.often along with papio and other smallgoatfishes. On the big island of Hawaii mostare speared though some are takenhandlining (drifting and at anchor).Although small, the moano is considered bysome to be among the tastiest of Hawaiianfood fishes.

-

207. MAOMAO or "memo'abdominalis (Quoy andTRIBUTION. Hawaiian Islanto 9 inches (23 cm). most takeinches (13 cm) long. COLOR. Pale brassy .or een with four or five black vortical,bait as icated. Belly white with yellowtinge r the anal fin. r; This deliciouslittle pan fish abounds in shallow-waterreefs. harbors.- and bays throughout theislands. It feeds on small crustaceans in thewater and is often found in looseaggregations hovering over the reef ordarting around pilings and other un-derwater structiotSs Mhomao are theprime quarry of Hawaii's children whocatch them from shore with pole and lineusing a very small hook. Alpo caught byspe'aring. in traps. and-withrcast nets.

udefuf). IS-IZE. Upabout 5

128

11

208. ,K PIPI, (H). dodo (G). sergeant malor.,Abudefduf sordidas (ForskAl). El This fish issimilar in i:ppearance and habits tomaomao. but is readily distinguished from itby a prominent black spot near the tailimmediately behind the soft dorsal fin. Thebody color is also more grayish than that ofmaomao.

CIRRHITIDAE: HAWKFISHES

209. PO'O -PA'A (H). 'o'opu-kai (H). spottedwkfish. Cirrhitus pinnulatus (Bloch and

Schneider). DISTRIBUTION:, TropicalPacific. SIZE: Up to about 10 inches (25cm): most caught are about 5 inches (13cm) long. COLOR. Red. brpwn. and whitespottings and mottle-1gs. Like the restof the hawkfish family this fish is charac-terized by a fleshy fringe on the snout.This nocturnal predator prefers the tur-bulent water of the surge gone where It hesin wait for passing prey. sometimes onlarge rocks or coral heads. Occasionally itdarts out to snatch its prey. .then returns toits original 'post or swims to anothervantage pent to begin another vigil. Duringthe day. Athe po'o-pa'a hides in crevices inthe reef. Taken by hook and line andspearing. Considered onlc fair as a foodfish, ancris used mainly in making soup .Nr?The meat ten's to fall apart when fried.

LABRIDAE: WR SES

210.

210. 'A'AWA (H). hinalea ( spotwrasse. bla ckspot .wrasse. odianusbilunulatus '(Lacepede). DIS IBUTION:Tropical Pacific. SIZE: Up to about 24inches (61 cm) or about 8 or 9 pounds (3.6-4.1 kg): most caught bre about 5 pounds(2.3 kg) or under. COLOR. Highly variablewith age and sex as.is the case with manyrembers of the wrasse family. Females gothrough three color phases with growth:fish 4 to 12 inches (10-30 cm) long arenearly all red with a black spot under thesoft dorsal fin, those over 12 inches (30 cm)are usually plain bluish black. hales aremarked as illustrated. dalk reddish brownor purplish bands on head area thinning tonarrower and somewhat redder Stripes onsides and belly which is white or paleyellow, eye red. pronounced white band onhead area. dorsal. caudal. and anal finsyellow. The 'a'awa is one of the largerHawaiian wrasses and is fairly abundantthroughout the coral reef habitat. It is

125

1'

taken the *tom in shallow water out todepths of-aboift 100 feet (30.5 m) or more.with bigger fish occurring in deeper water.The 'a'awa, -like other members of thewrasse family, is active during the day andhides among coral or under sand at eight.Caught handlining from boats, usually whilefishing for other species and often con-sidered a nuisance. Sometimes taken byspear. Opinions on the food value of thisfish vary from poor to goad.

cm): u lolly ebout 6 itches (15 .cm). CO OR: Pale enish. with two"orthree irregular. bro . horizontal rosy

-stripeS. which intern gle with greenishstripes. brown- blotcpes. and purplish-bars.

-Dark-brown-to-black'spots and reticulationson head. C This colorful wrasse is commonto open rocky surge areas and shallow-water coral reefs, and is sometimes found%II tleepwater tide pools. Although prin-cipally a 'daytime feeders the hinalea isoften taken at night and is caught by hookand line from shore as well as from boatsin the Hawaiian Islands. It is taken oc-'casionally by spear in Guam. The veryslimy skin makes it difficult to hold.'Opinions vary on its food value: generallynot sought after.

. i214.

211. PO'OU (H), Cheilinus rhodochrousGunther. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE: Up to 2 feet (61 cm): mostare about 10 inches (25 cm) or about 41pound (0.3 kg). COLOR: Highly .variablewith growth. At 10 inches (206- cm). plainolive drab with a white saddle near the tail(see illustration). Fish 20 inches (51 cm)and over have no white saddle. but havelarge black spots at base of the dorsal andanal fins, and the ventral fin isdark. 0 The po'ou is commonly found inreef areas around the islands of Molokai.Lanai, Maui. and Hawaii. at depths up to40 pr 50 feet (122.15.2 m). In the HawaiianIslands it is often caught along with 'a'awa'while handlining and spearing. Taken byspear in Guam. A good food fish.

214 HINALEA LAUWILI (H),(H), addle wrasse. Tholossomo duperreyi(Qu y and Canard). DISTRIBUTION:

wenn Islands. SIZE. Up to about 12inches (1O cm): Most caught are under 6inches (15 cm). COLOR' Adults are greenwith a striking orange-brown shoulderbar. A very a4tindant Hawaiian wrassefound. throughout the islands along shallowrocky shorelines as well as in pure reefareas. This fish has an annoying habit 9frobbing a baited hook meant for moredesirable species and is often considered apest by angler seeking bigger and tastiergame: its food Lalue is considered poor.

SCARIDAE: PARROTFISHES

212. TANGISON (G). Cheilmus undulotusRiippell. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE: Known to reach 5 to 6 feet(152-183 cm) or more in length. and over100 pounds (45.4 kg). COLOR: Mostlyihadull, mottled olivegreen, each scale with a

.vertical purplish line: red and green barsand spots oei dorsal and anal fins: tail finedged with yellow: pelvic finsyellow. 0 This exceptionally large wrasseis caught in Guam: however, largespecimens frequently taken by local anglersbefore the advent of scuba are now muchless common. This humpheaded wrasse ismuch prized and an excellent food fish.Taken spearing and sometimes bait caating.

213. HINALEA (age (C). Th'alossomafuscus (Lacepede). DISTRIBUTION.Tropical Pacific. SIZE: Up to 11 inches (28

215. UHU (H). green parrotfish. Scqrusperspicillotus Steindachner. DISTRI-BUTION: Hawaiien_Islands. SIZE: Up to 2feet (61 cm) or more most caught arearound 14 inches (V cm) long. COLOR:Males and females differ markedly andwere once thought to be two separatespecies. Large males have a distinctivedark band that extends down below the eyeacross a humplike snout. The body is olivecolored. with each large scale edged withyellow. The -dorsal fir/ is pea green withblack stripes and peacock blue atthe base.Chin area. edge of tail. ventral fin, are alsoa vivid peacock blue. Females are reddishbrown with red fins, and the head profile is

'gently sloping, not vertical as in the adultmale. Found in rocky areas and coralreefs, usually more abundant at the-reefsouter edges in water 2 to 4 fathoms (3.7-7.3m) and deeper. Like other members cifitheparrotfish family. it scrapeglalgajr-Offi, thesurfaces of rocks anedeadynral with itsbeaklike law teeth during-the dr. resting

4

amid rock and coral at night. Young fishsometimes secrete a muigus envelope aboutthemselves during 'Me night whichpresumably serves as protection againstpredators. It s the largest and mostcommonly spe red parrotfish in Hawaiianwatersand t e most prized. An excellentfood fish.

216. UHU (H). parr tfh, Scorus dubiusBennett. 0 Another mmon porrotfightaken by spear in Haw 1 Primarily brightorange with blue markings. Attains a lengthof about 14 inches (36 cm).

217. HUMPBACK PARROTFISif. Scarusgibbus Riippell and Cetoscorus .bicoldr(Riippell). 0 These two parrotfishes arehighly sought by Guam anglers. Not ascommon as they once were, especially thelarge specimens: both are hunted withspears. S. gibbus, larger of the two, isknown to reach 30 to 40 pounds (13.6-18.10kg). Food value ikeIrcellent.

muGam AE: MULLETS

218. 'AMA'AMA (H). agues ( < 8 in.. G).k.liguan (>8 in.. G). 'stripedimiillet, "mullet.Mugil cePhalus Linnaeus. DISTRIBUTION:Tropical and temperate seas. world-wide. SIZE/ Up to about 18 inches (46 cm):most caught are around 12 inches (30 cm)long, COLOR: Silvery gray. (Althoughschools of -ama'ama are found ong theopen coast. they seem to pre r calm,waters close to shore. around mouths ofstreams and inlets and in brackish -water

`bays and harbors. Just about the mostdifficult fish to catch by pole and line, butthis does not seem to discourage a selectbreed of Hawaiian islanders who patientlywait for this finicky fish, to take a tiny hook-baited with bread or limu (seaweed). Forthose with less patience. the 'ama'ama canbe taken by a variety of other fishing gearsuch as cast nets, gill nets, and surroundnet (hukilau) and at nighttime torchlightfishing with hand nets or cast nets. InHawaii the fishing season is closedDecember through February. On AmericanSamoa this fish is taken mostly with wstnets. and in'Guam most are taken with castnets and surround. nets, although lightspinning tackle -is sometimes used nearsand beaches. An important food fish. InHawaii a small number are raised COM-mercially in fish ponds., e

219. UOUOA (H). false mullet, NeomyxusIeuciscus ; Gunther). DISTRIBUTION:Tropical Pacific. SIZE: Up to 18 inches (46

cm): usually 6 inches (15 cm). COLOR.Silvery with a' yellow mark au the upperpart of the pectoral fin. L The uouoa (oftenpronounced wo-wo) occurs along sandyshorqs and in tide pools as well as in rocky)surge areas. Common throughout theHawana Islands, where most are takenwish cat nets. some by hook and line usingbread or It. This species also occurs inGuam. but s not common. A good food fish.

SPHYRAENIDAE: BARRACUDAS

220.

beaches in surge areas.,From Augustthrough December small moi or "moi-111"occur in large sc hools along beaches and insheltered coves with some vepluring Intopde pools. Prinntrily taken casting withbaits. plugs, and spoons. also taken withcast nets. gill nets. Nnd spears Moonlitnights are considered best for catching marby casting although this popular sport fishis caught both night and day

ACANTHURIDAE: SURGEONFISHES

220. KAKU (II). alu (G). great barracuda.Sphyraeno barracuda (Walbaurn),DISTRIBUTION: Tropical seas and Atlantic

d Pacific oceans. SIZE' All-tacklecord (Lagos. Nigeria) is 83 pounds (37.6

kg) with a length of 6 feet inch (183 6cm} Most caught by anglers are under 50.pounds (22.7 kg). average is 5 to 10 pounds(2.3-4.5 kg) COLOR. Slate colored dorsallyturning, silvery on sides and belly Blackflecks on sides The kaku occurs inshoreas well as offshore apd in a variety of

Jrpitats Young fish frequent brackish -.water areas and sometimes enter -drainageditches and fish ponds in the HawaiianIslands. When close to shore in bays oraround stream mouths barracuda areusually 'solitary. but offshore this speciestends to travel in schools or smallaggregations. Caught casting from shoreand trolling lures and baits and handliningfrom boats. A wire leader is essential. Thisaggressive iintpotlisame predator shouldbe regarded with caution, in and out of thewater Considered only fair as a food fish

The kawalea. ors Japanese barracudaholler! Jenkins). is another

species of barracuda taken by anglers alidis usually caught handlining It is a -muchsmaller fish than thd kaku. and reaches alength f about 2 feet (e1.0 cm). A similarspg'cies. Sphyroeno forsteri. occurs inSamoan and Guam waters. known locallyas "sapatu" and "alu." respectively.

POLYNEMIDAE: THREADFINS

222. MANINI (H). kicho (G). convict tang,Aconthurus 4ondvicensis Streets DIS-TRIBUTION. Widespread throughout thetropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE: Up to 9 Inches(23 cm). averages about 6 inches (15cm). COLOR. Silvery. sometimes with ayellowish tinge: black vertical bars. Thisis Hawaii's most abundant surgeonfish andcan be found in almost any reef areathroughout .the islands in both calm andturbulent water. It, is also common aboutGuam The young inhabit tide pools. butwith maturity work:their way Into deeperwater.. Primarily a schooling fish, but canalso be seen singly or in'small aggregations.In Hawaii the manini is usually taken byeast nets. but some are also taken with, poleand line using shrimp or a special blind ofoctopus ink (each angler has his ownrecipe) as well as with gill nets. traps. andspears. In Guam. most are taken with netsand spears. An excellent food fish.

221 MOI (H). young called "moi-lf," (H).boca dulce tej. Pacific threadfm.Palydocty/us sexfdis (Cuvier and Valen-wrings). DISTRIBUTION. Tropical Indo-'Pacific. SIZE. Reportedly reaches about 24inches (61 cm) long and about 10 pounds(4.5 kg): most caught are about 12 to 14Inches (30-36 cm). COLOR. Dusky above.silvery on sides and belly: fins black-tipped. l I The. moi is a highly sought-afterload and game fish in Hawaii. where it isfound in sandy holes (called "moi holes")along rocky. shores. and along sandy

223. PUALU (H). ugupao (G).7ACdrithurusxonthopterus Cuvier and Valen-ciennes DISTRIBUTION, Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE. Up to about 2h inches (51cm). usually about 10 inches (25 cm)long. COLOR. Uniform purplish gray,sometimes with irregular dark stripes alongsides: dorsal and anal fins with three drfour longitudinal blue bands. (1 The pualuis found in bays and harbors as well asIn deep outer reefs where coral is In-terspersed with sand. usually of depths of30 feet (9.1 m) or more. Taken with poleand line, also trapped. netted. and speared.Like most surgeonfish. the pualu should be

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a

handle&with respect. It carrids formidableyeapons at the base of the tail in the formdi recurved spines which It can erect bybending its caudal peduncle. and it usuallydoes so when threatened. Thee bladelikespines can inflict a nasty wound. Opinionson its food value vary from fair to good.

224. PALANNH). ugupao (G). surgeonfish.Aconthurus dilsSumieri ,Cuvier andValenciennes. DISTRIBUTION: TropicalIndo-Pacific, SIZE: Up to and. exceeding 18inches (46 cm). COLOR: Spotted withblack; bright-blue tail fin; fine blue onbody fading towards 'belly; cawhite and broadly edged with bdorsal and aTial fin. The palrelative of the pualu, is anotherthat occasionally enters the SpaHawaii and Guam. It occurs inouter .reef areas over sandy pare taken by traps; some avalue considered fair.

al spick; yelloni. a c

nfishetch in

bay andches. Most

eared. Food

225. KALA (H). tataga (G). ume (S). iii iliasegi IS), unicornfish. Noso unicornis(Forskal). DISTRIBUTION: Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE: Reaches a length of 24incheS (61 cm): averages about 16sinches(41 cm) long. COLOR: Dusky olive: finslight blue: also light blue around the doublekeel blades. Body color is sometimes verypalq. The kale occurs in inshore :ifarels and along rocky shores ',whe itfeeds on algae. It is a schooling fish;however, lame individuals are sometimesseen singly on the'outer edges of the reef,The young, are found occasionally in

onpools. Characterized by the horn on itssnout just about at eye level. which ishardly noticeable in young specimens. butlengthens with age. The skin is leatheryand strong. and the two keel blades

andeach side of the tail are immovable andactways in an open position. In Hawaii. kaleare mostly speared, although some aretaken with cast nets. gill nets, and hooksand lines. In Guam. this fish is takenspinfishing and with surround nets. Foodvalue considered only fair.

SIGANIDAE: RABBITFISHES

226.

226.- SESJUN (G). rabbi fish. Sigonusspinus (Linnaeus). D STRIBUTION:.Tropical !no:JO-Pacific SIZ Most caughtin Guam are 8 or 9 inche (20-23 cm) inlength. COLOR. Brown with narrow bluishlines forming a reticulated pattern along

127

:the back, head plain gray or brownish.cheeks silvery, tail flu with three to fourfaint brown bars. flan slimy slippery skinwith tiny cgncealed scales. 1_ Sesjun i aherbivorous species that browses acr srock or reef areas. often in,largmchools t

is a very common shallow-warm hreef fishfound around the island of Guam. where itis caught with cast nets, gill, nets. andsurround nets. This fish .should be handledcar ully--bican inflict venomous puncturewou dS with its fin spines. An excellentfood fish.

SCOMBRIDAE: MACKERELSND.TUNAS

227.

227. 'AEI (H), asi' (S), yellowfin tuna,Thunnus albacares (Bonnaterre). DIS-TRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan in topical andsubtropical seas. SIZE All-tackle record(San Benedicto Island. Mexico) is 308pounds (139.8 kg) with a length of 7feet (213.4 Cm). In Hawan, fish are knownto range up to 300 pounds (1'36.1 kg):average size varies with fishing area. Ingeneral. deepwater fish found at about1.000 fathoms (1.828.8 m) averaged about100 pounds (45.4 kg): those caught in 25 to100 fathoms (4941102.9 m) averaged about20 pounds (J.1 kg) COLOR Blue greenabove. 'white below. A faint yellow stripethat fades after death, extends from eye totail. Soft dorsal and anal fins and finletsbright 4yellow: the dorsal and anal finslengthen with age i 1 'Ahi is a pelagicschooling fish found over deepwater banksand submarite ledge areas. The youngoften travel near the surface feeding onschools of bait fishes and squid. Thispopular game fish can be caught year-round throughout the Pacific Islands.trolling or handlining with leathered jigs.plugs. or spoons. In Hawaii. most fishingtakes place July to November: in Guam.February to August, and in AmericanSamoa, March to July Excellent eating.cooked or raw (sashimi style)

skimack tuna' Present in Hawaiian watersthroughout the year. but most abundantduring summer when the fish come fairlyclose to shore in large schools. In Guamthey appear to be most abundant in earlyspring Anglers are guided by seabirds thatfollow the schoolsaind feed on small fishes

'that the latwakawa flush to the surface. Ahard-fighting ,game fish Good eating.although not as rhuc.h in demand as some of,the other tuna 'species

229.

,t F

229 AKU (H). atu (S). skipjack tuna.bonito. Katsuwonus pelamis (Lin-naeus). DISTRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan intemperate and tropical seas. SIZE: All-tackle record in the Indian Ocean (Bale duTambeau. Mauritiris..40 pounds (18.11g)with a length of 3 34 inches (98.4 cm) InHawaii. aku average about 18.10 22 pounds(8 2-10.0 kg) m summer; 5 to 12 pounds (2 3-5.4. kg) rest of year. In Guam, this fishusually runs 3 to 7 pounds (1.4-3.2 kg) mostof the year: 10 to 12 pounds (4.5-5.4 kg)seasonally. COLOR: When alive, darkmetallic blue above. light.dusky blue below.dark stripes as indicated. Latter half ofdorsal region bright blue with obliquepurplish stripes which fade soon after

ath. When excited or feeding, broaddusky bars sometimes appear onsides. The aku is a schooling, pelagicspecies common throughout the PacificIslands. its habits being generally the sameas the kawakawa's. Sometimes in certain

e s such as off southeastern .Lanai. akurelatively close to shore: more oftenre found in water 100 fathoms (182.9.

ads and.deeper Caught trolling year-roundusing feathered jigs and other small lures.and located by flocks of seabirds. Bestfishing in.Hawan is in summer: in AmericanSamoa from about October to March: andin Guam from February to August. The fishhas excellent flavor: is popular for sashimiand dried Also used as bairfor marlin.

228 KAWAKAWA (H). black skipjacktuna (G), little tunny. bonito. false albacore.F:uthynntis affinis (Cantor) DISTRI-BUTION. Indo-Pacific SIZE Up to about20 pounds (9 1 kg). most caught are around4 or 5 pounds (1.8-2.3 kg) COLOR. Darkgreen or blue above. silvery below. dark/wavy marks on dorsal area as indicated.tone to five dusky spots below pectoral finare usually present L The kawakawa is aschooling pelagic species usually caughttrolling over 100-fathom (182.8 -m)' drop

N..toffs. and often in .association with aku.

128

230. TAGI (S). dogtooth tuna. scatplesstuna, white tuna. sGymnosarda unicolor(Riippell). DISTRIBUTION: Tropical Indo-Pacific. SIZE: Reported to reach 250pounds (113.4 kg), but averages about 20pounds (9 1.

"g).COLOR. Deep purple

above. silverifbelow. finiets yellowish.Tag' is a migratory fish found along theedges of deepwater reefs and submarineledges where the bottom abruptly drabs offinto. deeper water It either schools insmall groups or is solitary. This fish is nRtas deep bodied as other members of thetuna family and is distinguished by its large"peglike" teeth and lack.of body Scales. Afine food and game fish that puts up ahard, jerky fight, when hooked. Caught

1314

trolling and also driftiffg withlive, cut, orwhole baits. In American Samoa thedogtooth tuna is curamonly taken handliningat dal: and at night over 100-fathom(182.8-m) drop offs. Caught only incidentallyaround Guam and does .not occur in.

4Hawali.

231.

\11/0 /4

Alt'tc

231. ONO (H). tosun (G). "wahoo. Acan--thocybium solandriv (Cuvier and Valen-ciennes). - DISTRIBUTION:. TropicalAtlantic and Pacific oceans. SIZE: All-tackle record (Cat Cayce; Bahamas) is 149pounds (67.6 kg) ° with a length of 6 feet 73/4Inches (202.6 cm). In Hawaiian and Samoanwaters. ono average aroilnd 30 to 40pounds (13.6-18.1 kg). In Guam. tosunaverage about 20 iibunds, (9.f kg). COLOR:Generally dark blue above fading into silverbelow with about 30 purplish-gray bars onsides that flash bright blue when the fish isfighting alook. El 'Ordinarily a solitary fishthat roams the surface waters of the opensea. usually over deep-sea ledges where thesbottom drops off sharpy. Often seen 'nearfloating Jogs and other debris that provideshelter to small fish upon which the onofeeds. In Hawaii ono are often caught along.with 'ahi while trolling over submarineledges in water 25 to _100' fathoms (45.7-182.9 m) deep. Taken intermittentlythroughout the year over the billfishgrounds off Guam, In American Samoacaught trolling along nearshore 100-fathom'(182.9-m) drop of as well as offshore. Theono is a strong persistent fighter. Itspointed jaws studded with ,sharp teethshould be carefully avoided. An excellentfood fish: aptly named "onct" Hawaiianword meaning "to have sweet taste."

XIPHEIDAE: SWORDFISHES

232.

232. 'A'U ). .rttekanki (H). swordfish.broadbil . Xiphias gladius Lin-naeus. ISTRIBUTION: Cosmopolitan intropical Old temperate seas. SIZE: All-tackle record (Iquique. Chile) ispoRnds (536.2 kg) with a length of 14 eet111/4 inches (455.4 c ). Averages about 250pounds (114.4 kg) i Hawaii's commercialcatch. COLOR: V es from, metallic pur-plish to blackish brown to almost black:generally. dark brown. El This solitaryopen-ocean fish is sought by big-gameanglers-throughout its range but few areever taken by themlin the tropical Pacific.Broadbill are hard to find, hard to hook.and even harder to land. 'In Hawaii.most are taken by commercial longliners.Sport-caught fish are usually, taken slow-trollin or drifting `live, whole, and cutbaits. stinguished from the marlins by asword th t is flattened rather than roundedin cross s tam. am by the rigid dorsal finthat is not le as in other billfishes.An excellent food fish.

ISTIOPHORIDAE: BILLFISHES

233. A'U'LEPE (H). bashotajiki (H), sepia-lele (S). sailfish. istiophoruo platypterus{Shaw and Noddea. DISTRIBUTIONCosmopolitan in tropical. seas. SIZE: All-tackle' record in, the Pacific (Santa CruzIsland. Galapagos) is 221 pounds (100.2 kg)with a length of 129-inches (327.7 cm).' Inthe Pacific Islands sailfish average about 50pounds (22.7 kg) oi,,less. COLOR: Sailcobalt blue to purple: body dark steely blueabove and silvery white below: sides withpale-purple vertical bars. A pelagicopen-ocean fish, often solitary. but knownalso to occur in small schools or groups.preferring warm-water 'temperatures be-tween 74° to 88°F. One of the leading gamefishes in American. Samoa. where it istaken surface trolling with baits and luresyear-round. Also taken by sportsmfen ver

c the billfish grounds off Guam. Relate lyrare in Hawaiian waters. and only c-casionally taken by anglersmost arecaught -by commercial longliners. henswimming. the huge saillike dorsal fi foldsInto a fleshygroove at its base. but ften israised vsktien the fish is fighting a hook. Itsfood veldt° is poor. although some fish aresmoked.

234. Al) (H). shirokapki (H). black marlin.Mokairo indica (Cuvier and Valen-ciennes). DISTRIBUTION. Tropical andtemperate 'Pacific and Indian oceans.SIZE: All-tackl, record (Cabo Blanco. Peru)is 1.560 pourras (707.6 kg) with a length of141/2 feet (442.1 cm). Known to reach 1.800pounds (816.5 kg): averages about 200pounds (90.7 kg). COLOR: Variable. Mostare dark 'slate blue above. silvery belowlateral line. Sometimes a fish may havepale-blue stripes or blue patches on sidesthat fade quickly after death. LI The blackmarlin is the largest df all game fishes andhighly prized by blue-water anglers,although only occasionally taken around theHawaiian Islands and off Guam and rarely(aken in American Samoa. It is an open-ocean fish and usually solitary.Distinguished from all other billfishes bythe rigid pectoral fin that cannot be foldedagainst the body without brmking the joint.It is also wider and deeper around thehead than all other billfishes. Caught slowtrolling with bRda. fast trolling with lures:also drifting an at anchor with fresh orlive baits. In Hawaii. the chance of landingone i4 best while trolling off the Kona coastor off Kauai

1

235. A'U (H), kurokajiki (H), saula (5).blue marlin, Makaira nigricansLacepede. DISTRIBUTION: Tropical andtemperate waters of the Indo-Pacific andAtlantic ocean's. SIZE, All-tackle record(Ritidian Point, Guam) is 1,153 pounds(523.0 kg) with a length of 14 feet 8 inches(447.1 cm): however, an unofficial catchwas recorded at over 1,600 pounds (725.8kg) from off Oahu. In the Pacific Islands.most run about 300 or 400 pounds (136.1-181.4 kg). COLOR: When alive, cobalt .blueabove and silver below: sometimes withpale-blue stripes on sides and blue patcheson ,dorsal area,and tail. Colors fade quicklyafter death and fish becomes a dark slateblue. [1 Occasionally confused with thestriped marlin, but distinguished by itsmore robust form and relatively low dorsalfin, of which the longest fin rays areshorter than the greatest depth of the body.Differs from the black marlin in that thepectoral fin can be folded flush to the sidesof the body.' The blue marlin is the mosttropical of marlins. usually occurring inwater 70° to 88°F. It is the leading biggame fish in the central Pacific and themost abundant sport-caught marlin in

Ameeeerir Samoa, and Guam Thisextremely pov7,rrful and fast-swimming, fishfeeds mainly on members of the nefamily. particularly the skimack tunaaku. Occure. year-round throughout thislanjs covered here, and in Hawaii is mostabundant during the summe,. Sport fishingboats troll over bank areas looking for signsof ,schooling baitfish upon which_ marlinfeed. or troll over offshore ledges where thebottom drops precipitously from 100 to1.000 fathoms (182.9-1,828.8 m) or moreTrolling with large Hawaiian lures 'or'-konaheads" is especially ,productive.although live. cut. and artificial baits alsoare used

236 KU, (H). ruraigi (H). makeilki (H).striped marlin. Tetrapturus tudax(Philippi) DISTRIBUTION. Temperate andtropical waters of the Indo-Pacific. SIZE:AB-tackle record (Cape Brett. NewZealand) is 415 pounds (188.2 kg) with a

°

132

length of 11 felt (335.4 cm). Hawaiian'"striped marlin may reach up to 150 pounds(68.0 kg). but rarely over 100 pounds (45.4kg). usually about80 DO pounds 06.3-4013':kg). COLOR: Royal`, lue above. silverybelow; lavender'br pale ue stripes: dorsaland anal fins cobalt blue. These colors aremost vivid when the fish is striking orfighting the hook. 0 Of the island groupsdisgitssed here, this species occurs only inHawaii. where it is relatively common andthe leading billfish taken commercially. It isnot, however. caught by sport anglers inas many numbers as the blue marlin,probably because most recThational fishingfor billfish in Hawaii occurs diving thesummer, a time of year when striped marlinare least abundant according to com-mercial catch ,:iecords (striped marlincatches tend to peak in spring and fall withfew talon during the summer: the largestfish are taken in thf fall). It is a beautifulfish and the most acrobatic of the marlins,often making breathtalup lears into the airin its struggle to free itsett- from the hook.Usually caught slow trolling, withIt is more slender than the blue or. hefty '-black marlin and is distinguished by thehigh, pointed dorsal fin. the first rays of,:whiCh are higher than the greatest depth ofthe body. and a greater number of stripeson the body than the blue 'marlin. A ,high-priced food fish in Hawaii. popular forsashimi and smoked.

SCORPAENfDAE: SCORPIONFISHES

237v

237.. NOHU (H). nob/ onakaha (H),scorpionfislr. Storpaenopsis cacopsisJenkins. DISTRIBUTION:, HawaiianIslands. SIZE: Up to at least 20 inches (51cm). COLOR: Mottled reddish. The,nolkuis usually found on tke outer edges of reefsin water over 20 feet (6:.1 m)' deep. This fishlives on the bottom where it blends inremarkably' well With its surroundings.often making short lunges _to' capture un-suspecting prey. Although it resembles thehighly venomous stonefish of the trapiealiPacific. there have Theen no' reports ofinjuries from being spined by the nohu.Taken handlinin by spearing. also intraps. Highly rega d as a food fish.

Glossary of Terms

A-FRAME NET A one-man net fitted ona 6-foot long 'A' frame. used to capturesmelt (family Osmeridae) as the fishcome inshore to spawntin the surf. Thenet is held near the pointed end of the"A" and planted down barrierline inthe surf. facing the beach. The fish arecaught as they ride the backwash outto sea and are shbveled into the wideend of the net. then shaken back into asack at the pointed end. (See alsoSURF NETTING.)

ANADROMOUS Refers to fishes thatspend most of their lives in salt andbrackish waters but ascend rivers tospawn in fresh or nearly fresh water.

BOTTOMFISHING Fishing a bait or lureon or near the bottom from an an-chored or drifting vessel. The bait isusually weighted and allowed toremain stationary until a fisb./bites orthe angler retrieves it.

CASTING Throwing forth a bait or lure.letting out line at each throw and thenretrieving it. The bait also can beallowed to sink tq the bottom or driftwith the current.

CAST NET A one-man circular netweighted at the rim with small sinkersand designed to be flung over thewater so that it falls li

ofdown or

dishlike over schools of fishes, en-trapping them, as it sinks to the bottom.Also called throw net and hand castingnet.

CHARTER BOAT A fishing boat hiredfor the atlusive use of one or moreanglers. usqally for a particular type offishing. Tackle and bait usually arejl furnished.

CHUMMING A means of attracting fishto the hook by throwing whole orchopped fish or shellfish into thewater. Oily fish usually make the bestchum. In some areas bread crumbsand corn meal are also used as chum.Live bait chumming is allowed in someareas. prohibited in others.

CIGUATERA An illness with symptomssuch as diarrhea andoaralysis causedby eating certain fishes living intropical and subtropical regions.usually. where coral reefs are welldeveloped. It is seldom fatal.

COASTAL Refers to marine fisheswhich spend much of their lives withina few miles of shore.

CONTINENTAL SHELF A submarineplain extending out from shore to adepth of 100 fathoms (183 meters).

130

1

beyond which thg ocean bottom beginsa relatively rapid descent to the deepocean floor.

CRAB RING A cr trap made of coarsemesh webbing a ached to two ironhoops. designed to lie flat on thebottom but form a basket when raised.A bag of small mesh netting containingbait (scrap fish or shellfish) is securedto the center Of the smaller inner ringto attract the crab and keep it oc-cupied while the trap is pulled out ofthe water. Popularly used for market(Dungeness) and heck crab along thecoast from central California north toOregon and Washington

DIP NET A conical small-mesh netattached to a rigid frame on a longhandle and used to catch fish andother marine animals. Also called ahand net or scoop net.

DRIFT FISHING Trailing a weighted orunweighted line with live or dead baitsbehind a drifting boat. Artificial luresare sometimes used, particularly whenjigging."

ESTUARY A partially enclosed body ofwater having a free connection withthe open sea: within it saltwater andfreshwater mix.

FEEDER SALMON A term usuallyapplied to smaller. sexually immaturesalmon that concentrate in an area tofeed. opposed to large. mature salmonthat move into an area prior tospawning.

FISH TRAP A portable trap for fish andshellfish usually made of wire meshfitted over a rigid frame with anopening on one side. Like all traps it isdesigned sp that entry is easier thanexit.. In the tropical islands fish trapsare commonly used to capture avariety of reef animals.

GILL NET Acurtainlike net suspefidedin the water with mesh openings largeenough to permit only the heads of the_fish to pass through. ensnaring themaround the gills when they attempfloescape.

GILL RAKERS Bony. fingerlike projec-tions on the gill arches. iota* under-neath the gill cover or operEulum ofbony fishes.

HANDLITG Angling with a fishingline ld in the hand, without 'lait arod or reel.

INLET A narrow passage of waterconnecting the mien sea with protectedcoastal and inland water.

JACK SALMON A term applied to small.but sexually precocious male almon(chinook or coho) capable of sp ingat 2 years of age. Most male chinookand coho mature a year or more later.

, 1 33.

4

JETTY FISHING Fishing from any man-made structure constructed of rock orstone or the like, which projects outinto the sea or other body of water.

JIG An artificial lure made to simulates',live bait. It is usually made with a leadhead cast oq, a single hook and isheavier than most other lures.

JIGGING Manipulating a jig to imitate alive bait. thus attracting the fish to thehook. The jig can be lowered verticallyor cast some distrance away, thenjerked upward a short distance.Immediately after this upward jerk thelure is allowed to sink back. Thisprocedure is repeated until a fish ishooked. which is usually on the rise ofthe jig.

LURE An artificitil bait.MOOCHING A method of salmon fishing

from a drifting or propelled boat. Thebait is sunk deep with a heavy sinkerthen brought upward at an angle asthe boat is maneuvered forward a fewyards or the line retrieved. The bait isthen allowed to sink once, again to the-bottom and the procedure repeated:Usually whole or cut herring is usedand rigged so that it has a spinningaction in the water.

ORIGIN OF FIN The anterior end of thebase of a fin.

PARTY BOAT A fishing boat carrypg,large groups of anglers for a fee andoperating on a scheduled basis. Spaceon the boet is sold to the generalpublic until either the boat is filled tocapacity or the scheduled sailing time

vitis 'reached. The captain usuallydetermines the type of fishing and areato be fished..and the fee usually in-cludes bait bxt not tackle.

PELAGIC Spoten of fish and other seaanimals that are more or less in-dependent of the bottom. They areCharacteristically active swimmers.spending much of their time in mid-water or near the urface.

PIER FISHING Fishin om any privateor public structure set on pilings thatextends over a body of water.

PLANKTON A collective term appliedchiefly to all those minute and ex-tremely diverse forms of plants andanimals that drift with the currents.

PLUG A nonspecific term for any ar-tificial lure having a distinct "body"made of wood or plastic and havingone or more sets of single. double. ortreble hooks attached. Most plugs are

' designed to wobble or create a com-motion in the water when retrieved.

POKE-POLING A unique method ofrocky-shore fishing for blennies andother crevice-seeking animals that. r

Inhabit deep tide pools along thePacific coast mainland. The gear isessentially homemade. A long bamboopole 6f about 9 to 12 feet ig fitted witha semiflexible wire tip to which anylon-cord leader and hook are at-tached. The bait. usually mussel orshrimp. Is "poked' into crevices underand between large boulders in roily-surge areas at low tide, then retrievedquickly after the first sharp tug of afish.

POPPER A lightweig t artificial luremade of cork or astic having acqncave face that pro uces a poppingsound when twitche on the water'ssurface. Attracts fish by the, commotionIt causes in the water.

SCUTE A modified fish scale formedInto an external bony or horny plate.

SKIFF FISHING Recreational fishingfrom a relatively small private orrented boat that does not carry anypaying passengers.

SPINNER An artificial lure with metalor plastic blades that whirl on a shaftor a swivel as the lure is retrieved.Attracts fish by the commotion itcauses as well as by its flash.

SPINNING A method of rod-and-reelfishing distinguished by the use of afixed-spool reel or "spinnmg" reel.When.casting, the line slips off the endof the reel spool. which does notrevolve as does a conventional bait-casting reel spool. Spinning gear makesit easier to cast very light lures and

p

avoid backlashes in the line.SPOON An artificial lure with a durved

or dished out body that wobbles butdoes not revolve Attracts fish by itsmovements as well as color.

STILL FISHING Fishing natural baitsfrom shore, pier, or anchored boat.Usually the bait is fished on or nearthe bottom, although sometimeg held offthe bottom with a float.

SQUIDDING Casting metal lures called"squids" into the surf. This term isalso usedin Hawaii to describe fishingfor octopus. called "squid" by island-ers. When "squidding." one walks outacross the reef armed with a spear.looking for octopus with the aid of aglass-bottomed box. Lights are usedwhen fishing at night for "night squid."

SURF FISHING Casting a bait or lurealong sandy beaches for fishes thatfrequent the surf zone.'A long flexiblerod is usually used to help hurl the baita maximum distance and to hold the)fine high enough to clear the breakers.Also called surf casting.

SURF NETTING A unique type of Pacificcoast fishing using special one- or two-man nets to catch smelt along sandy'beaches. (See also A-FRAME NET.)Generally, there are two separatefisheriesone during the daylighthours for day or surf smelt, and theother at night (and often on the samebeaches) for night null The fish arestrained from recedag- beakers asthey come into shallow water to

HYThaTHEIRCAL FISH SHOWING ANATOMICAL TERMS

SPINOUS DORSAL FIN(1st DORSAL)

OPERCULUMORGILLCOVER

BARBEL

SOFT-RAYEDDORSAL FIN

(211d DORSAL)

DORSALSPINES

DORSAL SURFACE

).>)+).).)4)->)-).)4)-)44).4.4).

49.)9.). CAUDAL

RAY

,

spawn. usually a few hours just beforeand after high tide. -cm,

SURROUND NET A beach seine.typically a long net having floats alongthe upper edge and weights along thebottom. used to capture an assortmentof fishes in shallv protected water.The net is held in place on the shore. atone end while the other end is pulled .out around the fis'll to another pointfarther down the shore line. The net is'then pulled slowly to the beach en-closing the fish 'In a decreasingsemicircle. In Hawaii. large-groupsurround net fishing is called"hukilau."

SPEAR FISHING Impaling fish with aspear from either above or below thewater's surface.

TORCH FISHING Locating or attractingmarine animals at night Ath a lightheld above the surface of the water.Torch fishing usually takes place oncalm dark nights oor shallow reefs atlow tide. and when the animal islocated. it is either speared or netted.)LING Trailing artificial or naturalsits behind a moving boat. The bait

can be made to skip along the surfaceor trailed below at any depth to justabove the bottom. A bait or lure trailed.behind an angler walking along a pier.bridge. or breakwater is also calledtrolling.

WATER_ COLUMN Spoken of the watertrom the surface to the bottom at agiven point.

CAUDALORTAIL-FIN

ADIPOSEFIN

LATERAL LINE

PECTORAL FIN

VENTRAL SURFACA-

PELVICFIN

ANALSPINES

17).N4/4,3)-00000i)PEDUNCLE

FINLETS

ANAL FIN

134131

Index to CommonNames ,ot Fishes

The following is on arphoheticol listing ofcommon fish names used byrs who fish olong the Pocificand the Pocific Islonds Mony

some omo n onglcoost and ortimes will on orises when one commonsh na' such os "shopper- or "boss"

re to more thon one species. or whenmore thon one nome is used for the somespecies depending upon the geogrophicolorea fished and sometimes even the size ofthe fish itself. The purpose of this index isto help locate informotion on the fishdescribed in the MQnne Gome Fish section

' The numbers in his index are not. popenumbershliey reAr to the parograph num-bers preceding eoch species descriptionon thO two fish lists.

A'a'alalhi 214aaga 213'a'awa 210achuman 17,3afolu 201agua 158aguas 218'aha'aha 160'ahi 227aholehole 167aji 174aku 229at ule 174'alalaua 1

albacore 71false 228

Allison tuna 72alu 220'ama'ama 218ambeijack

for yellowtail 37greater 172

anchovy. northern 147asi 227aso'ama, 185ata'ata 164Atka mackerel 113atu 229atulai 174atule 174a'u 232. 234-236a'u-lepq 233awa 158awaawa 156awa'aua 156

132

111

a

'aweoweo 169

Bbarberpole

for flag rockfish 107for treefish 106

barrachone 95barracuda .

California 69-great 220Japanese 220Pacific 69

barred surfperch 51barred sand bass 3barry 69bashokajiki 233bass'

barred sendbigeye 150black

for black croaker 47far black rockfish 80

black sea 32blue

for black croaker 47for opaleye 49

bull 33calico 33giant sea 32ground 35kelp 33mountain 167rock 31 7

sand 35spotted sand 34striped 31sugar

for barred sandss 35for olive rockfish 82

bass rockfishfor black rockfish 80for olive rockfish 82

bat ray 9bay perch 65bigeye bass 150bigeye, red 169bigeye rockfish 105bigeye scad 174big skate 140billfish

see marlin, swordfish, sailfishblack bass

for black croaker 47for black rockfish 80

bleckcod 109blAck .croakPr 47

'- -black marlin 234blackmouth 12black perch

for black surfperch 55for opaleye 49

black rockfish 80black sea bass 32black skipjack tuna 228 135

blacksmith 151for opaleye 49

black snapper 80blackspot wrasse 210black surfperch 55black ulua 180blanghjllo 36blenny 1 70blueback

for c hroat trout 17for so eye salmon 15

blueback salmon 15blue bass

for black croaker 47for opaleye 49

blue codfor_cabezon 116for sablefish 109

blue crovally 178blue-eye perch 49bluefin tuna 73bluefish

for blue rockfish nbluelined snapper 194blue marlin 235blue perch

for blue rockfish 79for halfmoon 48 "-

blue rockfish 79blue shark 3 *-

blue spotted grouper 162blue ulua 178bocaccio 97boca dulce 221bocalao 112bolina 89bonefish 157bonehead 74bonito, Pacific 74

for, aku 229for kawakawa 228

bonito shark 2borrabho 95broadbill 76, 232broadfin flounder 128brown Irish lord 119brown rockfish 89

for quillback rackfish 90brawn smoothhound 4bua 195buffalo cod . -112buffalo sculpin 120bull bass 33

° bull cod 116bullfish 116bullhead

for cabezon 116for Pacific staghorn sculpin 118

bull trout 19butterfish

for Pacific pompano 78for sablefish 109

buttersolp 135button perch 49

1.-

41.

C

bezon 116calico bass 33calico rockfish 87calico surfperch 52California barracuda 69California corbina 43California grunion 30California halibut 121California lizardfish 148California moray 144California sporpi h 108California shee ad 66California skate '141California whiting 43canary rockfishcandlefish 22cardinalfishe 171Catalina croaker 42Catalina perch

for halfmoon 48p for opaloye 49

Catalina salmon 41

tat shark 6cefalutano 86char, Oregon 19chefra 104cherna 80

icherne 85chilipepper 96China croaker

lot black croaker '47fo sargo 40

.. Chinafish 100China rockfish 86chinook salmon 12chub mackerel 75chub. sea 206chucklehead 103chum salmon 16CO sole 134 ,),/coal cod 109codalargo 98cod

blackfor sablefish 109be\for cabezonfor sablefish

buffalo 112bull 116coal 109cultus 112green 112Johnny 96Pacific 25true 25.

coho salmon 13Columbia river trout 17convictfish

for flag rockfish 107for treefish 106

convict tang 222copper rockfish 81corbina, California 43corsair 101corvina 43cowcod 1040cowfish 104cow rockfish 104crevalle 177crevally, bue 178

jack 177thread 175

croakerblack 47Catalina 42china

for black croaker 47for sargo 40

- golden 44spotfin 44

116109

I

.white 4510,yellowirs42for white seabass 41

cultus diteef2curlfm sol 132cutthroat trout (sot -run) 17

Dday smelt 20diamondback 124diamond turbot 125dodo 208dogfish. spiny 139dog salmon 16dogtooth tuna 230Dolly 19Dolly Varden 19dolphin 39, 183-184dolphin. pompano 184dorado 39Dover sole 137dude 101dusky rockfish 92

E -`14eagle rays 9eel

blenny 70California moray 11144monkeyface 70

for monkeyface prickleback 70(Pacific Islands) 159

ehu 191English sole 129

lachon 22

fafaet 198fall salmon 16false albacore /28false mullet 219fantail 98fathiiad 66feloitega 196Milne 98

filoa 199flag rockfish 107flesh-colored rockfish 93flounders, lefteye 121, 122floundfrs, rightiiye 123-137flounder, broadfin 128

fringe 130pointed-nose 129roundnose 127starry 124see also sole, turbot, halibut, sanddab

fo 171."'fox shark 1

fringed greenling 111fringe flounder 130fringehead. onespot 153funai 194

Ggadao 162, 183, 165, 166gallo 104garrupa 83gatala 1,83, 165, 166gatala moana 182genuine red 95gialoto 85giant kelpfish 152giant sea bass 32gindai 193giolo 85goatfish(es) 201-205

red 202spot 201

goldei croaker 44gopher 86gopher rockfish 93

for kelp rockfish 83

1 6

r

gra rockfish 84gray me shark 154gre9t,shark 154gray smoothhound 5gray snapper 185 ,,great barracuda 220greater ambeisi,<172.greenback 75green cod 112greenling, fringed 111

kelp 110painted 115red 111rock 111whitespotted 114

greenling seatrout 110green parrotfish 215green snapper

for filoa 199for yellowtail rockfish 85

greenspotted ;ockfish W03greenstriped rockfish 102 Igreen sturgeon 11ground bass 35rouper(s) 167186

blue s s ed 162

nion, California 30guili 206guitarfish(es) 7, 8

Hhagi 182hahalalu 174hake, Pacific 27hafalu t74halfmoon 48 .

halibut, California 121northern 123Pacific 123southern 121

hammerhead, 'scalloped 155Hawaiian salmon 181hawkfish, spotted 209herring, Plific 145

for iiiigenfish 46hinalea 213

for 'a'awa - 314alea lauwili 214

hi g 174hol wood 107.

gan 22,hornyhead turbot 17.6horse mackerel 38,hoshi ulua 178houndfish 160humpback parrotfish 217humpback salmon 14humpy 68

i'a manaia 166i'a sinaili'ilia segi 225illioli 178Irish lord, red 117

brown 119ise 160

jack(s) 37, 38, 173-182spotted 178star 178

jack crevally 177jack mackerel 38jacksmelt 28Japanese barracuda* 220johnnies 96johnny cod 96juarel 37

..'Ire

133

Kkagami uluakabala 172kakaka 196kaku ;20kala 225kalikali 189

pink 189yellowtail 187anu 181

ea 220k wakawa 228keeltail needlefish 160kelp bass 33"kelpfish. giant 152

for kelp greenling 110kelp greenling 110kelp rockfish 83

for grass rockfish 84kelp salmon 82kelOsurfperch 62kelp yellowtail 82kicho 222kiluus 155king 12kingfish 45king salmon 12kumu 204kupipi 208kurokajdo 235

Ljadyfish 156

ae 182ai 182ansi 171eatherback 182ea therjacket, 182ehi 192emon sole 129eopard shark 6iguan 218ililok 199mg 112ingcod 112ittle, mahimahi 184ittle tunny 228izardfish. California 148oaha 200ongfin smelt 23mien sole 131ongfin tuna 71

ongnose skate 142upo, see jacks. 177.180

Mina'au 174mackerel

Atka 113chub 75horse 38lack 38 ,Pacific 75

tiNzelSpanish

for jackstriped 75for akule 174for lablefish 109

mackerel scad 173mahimahi 39. 183

little 184makajiki 236mako. shortfin 2

m'alh'i 198malau 161malauli 178malie 154malma trout 19malu 203mamagas 169mamamu 2d0mamo 207

134 .,

manaloa 206mannu 222mano 154mano kitukihi 155maomao 207marbled sculpin 116marlin

black 234-blue 235striped 77. 236

masi?nasi 183.mata-i-tafiga 155matanhagon 200mata-pula 169mekajiki 232mempachi ulua 179menpachi 161midshipman

northern 149

21kfish 158plainfin 149

moano 205tool 221

221monkeyface eel 70monkeyface prickleback 70moonlight Annie -171moonlight fish 171moray

California 144(Pacific Islands) 159

mottled sanddab 122mountain bass 167mu

for Lutionus bohar 197far Monotwos grandoculus 200

mullet 218failse 219thiped 218

mumu moaga 200

Nnaraigi 236needlefish(es)

160keeltail. 160nenue 206nenue parii 206nero 80night smelt 21

nohu 237nohu omakaha 237northern anchovy 147northern halibut 123northern midshipman 149

38

0oama 201ocean whitefish 36o no 157oliveback rockfish 105olive rockfish 82'omake 176'omilu 178'omilumilu 178onaga 190 tonespot fringehead 153ono 281'o'opu-kai 209'opakapaka 186

yelloweye 188opaleye 49'opelu 173'opelu-mama 173orange rockfish 98orange-spotted rockfish 90Oregon char 19oshi 178

Pacific barraCuda 69Pacific bonito 74 0

?trifle cod 25

13

r.

Pacific hake 27Pacific halibut 123Pacific herring 145Pacific mackerel 75Pacific pompano 78Pacific sanddab', 122Pacific sardine 146Pacific staghorfisculpin 118Pacific sturgeon 10Pacific threadfm 221Pacific tomcod 26

115painted greenlingpaka. pink 186pake 'awa 156pake ulua 179palani 224palu 190pap°, see jacks, 177-180parrotfish, green 215

humpback 217pa'u'u 177perch

bay 55black

for black surfperch 55for opaleye 49

blue'4, for blue rockfish 79

for halfmoon 48blueeye 49button 49Catalina

for halfmoon 48for opaleye 49

silverfor aholehole 167or silver surfperch 54

surfperch(es)27

8

seepetrale solepile surfperchpink kalikali 1

pink paka 186pink salmon 1

pink'snapp.e.r 6pink surfperch 65plainfin mi ipman 149pointed-nose flounder 129pompano dolfin 184pompano. Pacific 78po'o-pa'a 2 09po'ou 211popeye rockfish 105

*porgy 50'potbelly 99 °prickteback. monkeyface 70priestfish 79pualu 223puhi 159puhi-paka 159pulus 160pusi 159

$queenfiQsh 46quillback rockfish 90Quinnat salmon 12

R

rabbitfish 226rainbow runner 181rainbow surfperch .60rainbow trout (sea-run) 18

rasher 95rasphead rockfish 99ray, bat 9redbanded rockfish 107red Way° 169redfish 66red goatfish

for kumu 204,/ for weke-'ula 202

red greenling 1)1red Irish lord 117red - margined sea perch 195red rock cod (see rockfishes, rat)red salmon 15red snapper

for mala'i 198o for onaga 190

for vermilion rockfish 95for yelloweye rockfish 99for canary rockfish 98

redtail surfperch 50red-spotted trout 19red weke 202reina 102rex sole 13rock bass

for,striped bass 31rock cod (see rockfishes)rockfish(es) 79-106

barberpole 107for treefish 106

bassfor olive rockfish 82for black rockfish 80

biseye 105black 80blue 79bocaccio "97brown 89

for quillback rockfish 90calico 87canary 98chilipepper 96

'china 860. copper 81

cow 104dusky 92 t;flag 107-flesh-colored 93gopher 93-'"'

kelp rockfish 83grass 84greenspotted 103greenstriped 102hollywood 107kelp 83

for grass rockfish 84olive 82oliveback 105orange 98orange-spotted 90popeye 105quillback 90rasphead 99red

for canary rockfish 98for vermilion.rockfish 95for yelloweye rockfish 99

redbanded '107,rosy 101silvergray 91

smallmouth 94Spanish flag 107speckled 90spotted 100squarespot 94starry 100stripetait 105turkey-red 99yerrmilion 95

"widow 88whitebelly 81yellow-backed 90yelloweye 99yellowtail 85--

rock greenling 111rock sole 128rook trout 110rock wrasse 67roi 162ron44..., 45

roosterfishfor cow rockfish 104

rosy rockfish 101roundnose flounder 127round stingray 143rubberhp surfperch 57rudderfish 206runner, rainbow 181

for hie 182

S

sablefish 109saddle wrasse 214sailfish 233salema 150salmon, blackmouth 1-2

blueback 15 'Catalina 41chinook 12chum 16coho 13dog 16fall 16Hawaiian 181humpback 14king 12'pink 14Quinnat 12red 15silver 13sockeye 15spring 12tyee 12white 37

salmonete 201salmoneteAcho 203salmonete manining 202salmon grouper 97salmon trout

, . for coho salmon 13for Dolly Varden 19for steelhead (rainbow trout) 18

sand bass 35 ./spotted 34barred 35

sanddab (mottled 122Pacific 122

sand shark 154 1sand sole 130Santa Maria 103sapatu 220sardine, Pacific 146satgo 40sasag 161sasele 168saula 235saula -lele 233saurel 38savani 194

- scacciatale 101scad

bigeye 174

sca1mackerel 173eless tuna 23Q

scalloped hammerhead 155scorqoda 84scoqter,69scorpionfish 237

Ciplifornia 108scratch-tail 101 --..___\sculpin

buffalo 120marbled 116Pacific staghorn 118

. smooth 118 ..for California scorpionfish 108

seabasswhite 41see also bass

pe,chub

38

sea perchred margined 195yellow-and-blue 194see also surfperch(es)

sea-run cutthroat trout 17sea-run rainbow trout 18seat rout

for cutthroatttout 17for Dolly Verdian 19for greenling 110for steelhead 18for white seabass 41

senorita 68serene 102sergeant -Major 208sesjun 226shark

blue 3bonito 2

brown smoothhound 4cat 6, 138fox 1

gray 154gray reef 154gray smoothhound 5leopard 6sand 154scalloped hammerhead 155shortfin mako 2

a-shovelnost 7swell 138swiveltail 1

thresher 1

whaler 154sharpnose surfperch 64sheephead, California 66shiner surfperch 64shiner, yellow 61shirokajiki 234shoflies 107shortfin mako 2

shovelnose guitarfish 7shovelnose shark 7silvergray rockfish 91silver perch

for aholehole 167for silver surfperch 54

ilver salmon 13gilversides

for coho salmon 13for rainbow trout (steelhead) 18see also smelt(s)

silver smelt 20silver surfperch 54skate

big 140California 141longnose 142

skil 109skipjack tuna 229

black 228slender sole 136smallmouth rockfish 94smelt(s) 20-24

day 20longfin 23night 21

silver 20surf 20whitebait 24for eulachon 22for jacksmelt 28for topsmelt 29

smooth sculpin 118,snlippw(s) i85 -198

bfackfor black rockfish 80

blue-lined 194gray 185green

for filoa 199for yellowtail rocrish 85

135

3

pink 188red

for canary rockfish 98for mala'i 198 efor (maga 190for verfnilion rockfish 95for yelloweye rockfish 99

yellowfor canary rockfish 98

see also rockfish(es)sockeye salmon 15sole - -,

butter 135 'C-0 134curlfin 132Dover 137English 129lemon 129longfin 13%petrale 127rex 131 krock 12sand 13slender 36

southern hal" ut 121Spanish flag 107Spanish mackerel

for jack mackerel 38°speckled rockfish 90spiny dogfish 139spotfin croaker 44spotfin surfpeich 63spot goatfish 201spotted hawkfish 209spotted jack 178 .spotted rockfish 100spotted sand bass 34spotted turbot 133spot weke 201spot wrasse 210spring salmon 12

'squarespot rockfish 94.1...squirrelfish(es) 161

staghorn sculpin. Pacific 118star jack 178starry flounder 124%starry rockfish 100steelhead 18.stingray. round 143strawberry rock cod 102 'striped bass 31striped mackerel 75striped marlin 77. 236stripedpullet 218striM'surfperch 56striper 31

stripetail 'rockfish 105sturgeon

green 11

Pacific 10while 10

sugar bassfor barred sand bass 35for olive rockfish 82

surffishfor California corbina 43'for smelt 20, 21

surfperchbarred 51black 55calico 52kelp 62pile '58pink 65rainbow 60redtail 50rubberlip 57sharpnose 64shiner' 61silver 54

_136.

Ise

erg

spotfin 63striped 56walleye 53white 59

surf smelt 20surgeonfish(es) 222-225swell shark 138swivelled 1

swordfish 76, 232

Tta'ape 194tags 230tagaii 197taiva uli'uli 196tambor 99tang, convict 222tangisun 212tanifa 154tarakitiyos 177.178-180

see jackstoirakito - 177.178.480

see jackstataga 225teau 201ten-pounder 156thornback 8thread crevally 175threadfin. Pacific 221thresher shark 1

tiger 107.titugi 159toau 195tomcod

Pqcific 26for young bocaccio 97for white croaker 45

topsmelt 29tosun 231treefish 106trout

blueback 17bull 19Columbia River 17cutthroat (sea-run) 17Dolly Varden 19malma 19rainbow (sea-run) 18red-spotted 19rock 110salmon

for coho salmon 13for Dolly Varden 19for steelhead (rainbow trout) rEt

steelhead 18true cod 25tuna

albacore 71Allison 72black skipjack 228bluefin 73dogtooth 230longfin 78scaleless 230skipjack 229white 230yellowfin 72. 227

tunny. little 228turbot

diamond 125hornyhead 126,Wetted 133'

turkey-red rockfish 99turkey rock 99tyee 12

b

Uugupao

for palani 224for pualu 223

.0-,/"'"4-

1 3 9

uhufor Scarus perspicillatus 215for Scarus 216

uku 185ula oa 202'ula'ula 191'ula'ula koae 190ulua

black 180blue - 178hoshi 178kagami 175mempachi 179petal .179white 175

ulua kihikihi 175umatan 168ume 225unicornfish 225uouoa 219'upapalu 171'u'u 161

Vvava sui 196vermilion rockfish 95vete 202viuva 88

wwahoo 231walleye surfperch 53weke

red 202spot 201

weke-'a'a 201weke-'ula 202whaler 154whitebait smelt 24whitebelly rockfish 81white croaker 45whitefish, ocean 36white salmoh 37white seabass 41whitespotted greenling. 114whitesurfperch 59white sturgeon 10white tuna 230white ulua 175whiting

for ocean whitefish 36for California corbina 43

widow rockfish 88.wrasse(s) 66-68. 210-214

blackspot 210rock-...67saddle 214spot 210

Yyellow-and-blue seaperch 194yellow- backed rockfish 90yelloweye opakapaka 188yelloweye rockfish 99yellowfin croaker 42yellowfin tuna 72. 227yellow shiner 61yellow snapper

for canary rockfish 98yellowtail 37

kelp 85for yellowtail rockfish 85

yellowtail rockfish 85yellowtail kalikali 187

zebra 75

a

Acknowledgments

We acknowledge with appreciation- theassistance of the following agencies andpersons in the development of thispublication. Much of the information wasassembled during the period 1960-63 andpublished in 1963 by the U.S. Bureau ofSport Fisheries and ,Wildlife as the "Atlas

Mof Eastern Pacific Marine Game Fishing"(Circular #174). This information has beenupdated' and supplemented Major con-tributors of information for the previous"Atlas" and for this Guide are listed asfollows Alaska Fish and Game Department,American Samoa Office of MarineResources. California Department of Fish

Norman AbramsonJohanna AlbanCharles AndersonTom ArcoleoRobert AyersOrville BallFred BerryPeter BoxfordRobert BrownRaymond BreuserRaymond BuckleyEugene BurkeJerry ButlerCharles CampbellLarry CarrolaWilliam CraigRoland CrisafiLillian-DempsterGene DeschampsJim DixonKenji EgoFrank FelterJohn FortuneRonald GarveyWally Giguere -

Daniel Gotshall

Richard HaleyFrank HawDave HeanesFrank HesterThomas HideEdmund HobsonAlbert IgnacioIsaac IkeharaRobert IversenHarry KamiRichard KanayamaSusumu KatoJames KikuchiStanley KubikAl LasaterClayton LewisBlake CightfoOt,Robert LoeffelRufo LujanMike LundThomas ManarSharon MarcheseErvin MartingaleCkester MattsonRobert MeigsJohn McCoSker

a,

and Game. Guam Division of Fish andWildlife, Hawaii Division of Fish and Game.Oregon Fish Commission. WashingtonDdpartment of Fisheries. and Was,hingtonDepartment of Game. Individuals assistingare listed below.

To the many sport fishing boat and partyboat skippers and operators. members of,government agencies, and interested sportfishermen who have contributed, and toJohn Gottschalk for his support andguidance. we wish tb express our sincereappreciajon. We also acknowledge theinvaluable assistance of John Smiles andNOAA Visual Services cartographers JimSchick and Jim Goodlin. who prepared thedetailed fishing charts. Special thanks go toDan Miller who took time out from his busyschedule to review the complete and verylengthy manuscript.

Eddie McEwenAlan McGieDaniel MillerHoward MinorCharles MorganEd NealNancy Nelson,Edwin NiskaWilliam NottHenry Okamoto

' Eric OnizakaRuss Orrell

.Jay QuasiJohn RandallRussell Redick,Harry RietzeTom RileyRon Rogers 4Henry SakudaJohn Severe ...Paul ShiotaRichard ShomuraRobert Sibpson

k Rose SimpsonWilliam SmOkerC. Dale Snow

-14o

Joseph SouzaDon Stevens .

Shirley StriblingJeannette StruhsakerPaul StruhsakerBarbara SumidaStanley SwerdloffGerald Talbot 'Michio TakataRichard ThompsonSpender TinkerFrank Van HulleJack Van.Hyning -,

William Ver BruggeBill VoglerCharles WaltersRon WarnerPercy WashingtonRay WelshHenry WendlerSigrid WesterheimEd WhiteselFrancis WilliamsCharles YamamotoHoward YoshidaParke Young-Barbara Zimmer

o i

I

)

...

ot

L,

R

137

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