ECT455/HCI513 E-Commerce Web Site

Engineering

Lecture 8Site Evaluation & Testing

Internationalization & LocalizationWeb Services

Agenda

Market News Site Testing Internationalization and Localization Web Services Projects

Project Presentation Final Deliverables Peer Evaluation

Testing

Visual Acceptance Testing Consistency in layout, color, and style. Under different browsers, resolutions, and viewing

environments equivalent to those of a real user. Printed pages.

Functionality Testing Links, downloads, navigation, design, publishing Test all interactive elements (forms, shopping

carts, search engines, personalization, printing) Test functions with realistic and extreme cases.

Testing Delivery Testing (or Load testing)

Simulate site traffic Test the site on the actual production server

User Acceptance Testing Beta testing Perform user acceptance testing after fixing

obvious problems Release and Beyond

The maintenance phase has just begun.

Testing

Content Proofing Word usage, grammar, poof reading Product names, copyright dates, and trademarks

System and Browser Compatibility Testing Use detailed browser requirements Use same types of systems and browsers that

real users will have.

Expert Evaluation

Expert evaluation versus usability study. Goals:

To uncover obvious execution flaws. To identify obvious usability problems

Not a substitute for usability study.

Evaluation First impression. Home page pre-testing

Identify Navigation: clickable zone

Sub page pre-testing Site navigation testing

Consistency of placement of navigation, search facility Task analysis

Readability Findability (browsing) Interactivity

Execution analysis Up-to-date content; standards for HTML, CSS, XML Visual execution: image quality and file size; Delivery: speed and

server capacity Final impression.

Site Evaluation

Web Design Complete Reference http://www.webdesignref.com/chapters/ch05.htm Site Evaluation Form

http://www.webdesignref.com/evaluation/site_eval.pdf

User Testing

Log files Pay attention more to what users do than to

what they say. Consider having a person not involved in the

site design process to conduct a user test. http://www.useit.com http://www.usableweb.com

Web Site Optimization (WSO)

The process of reducing website size and complexity to maximize website performance.

Also include search engine optimization, pay per click optimization, conversion rate optimization as part of the overall site redesign process

Free website speed test http://www.websiteoptimization.com

Example (Chicago Care Project)

The project prototype site was tested for speed at http://www.websiteoptimization.com. The results were good, however prior to the site actually going "live" it would make sense to try to optimize the download time. Specifically, one concern was that the number of objects on the first page was high at nineteen occurrences. Also, the lead page contains thirteen images. A closer analysis shows that the image size of each one of these images is extremely low and is used for formatting purposes. The html, css, and multimedia aspects of the site rated well.

Global e-Business

Opportunity for expansion An ambitious and expensive investment that

does not guarantee increased revenue Potential global businesses must review

expected revenues vs. expected cost Linguistic and cultural barriers

Choosing an International Market

Focus time and money in one or two key markets initially Research competitors and visitors in foreign markets When choosing an international market consider:

The number of people online Internet usage growth rates Per capita income The consumers’ expectations of your business

Resources Global Reach (http://global-reach.biz/globstats/index.php3 Projections (http://glreach.com/eng/ed/art/2004.ecommerce.php3)

Obtaining a Local Internet Address

.com domain name is the most universally recognized address on the Web

Domain-name registration in foreign countries is often complex

May require owning a trademark or incorporating your business in the foreign country

Organizations offering domain name registration services: NetNames

Internationalization and Localization (D10) Internationalization (I18n)

Internationalization refers to the software change required to support different languages, dates and times, currencies, weights and measures, and number formats.

Compatible with 16-bit character encoding systems (Unicode) and other computing standards

Localization (L10n) Localization is the process of redesigning the user

interface and translating content to support a local culture.

Best practice: designing internationalization into a site during initial site design, and then localizing for specific audiences on the basis of need.

Internationalization and Localization Consider downloading capabilities in foreign

markets Global content

Refers to information and design that requires translation, but is essentially the same for all cultures

Regional content Product and marketing information that is usually written

once in English and then adapted for various markets Local content

Material on specific regional pages that appears only on that Web site, such as regional promotions, pricing, delivery and store or office locations

Internationalized and Localized Content

Store strings separately from code. Do not rely exclusively on machine translation. Hire competent translators Choose centralized or decentralized localization management. Be aware of terms and concepts that my not be widely know. Recognize holidays, customs, and nonverbal communication. Transform your representation of dates, currencies, weights, and

measures. Prepare for the varying devices that people use to surf Web

sites. Understand the local legal issues Provide tailored services.

Global Format for Different Locales

Number 100,000.00 or 100.000,00

Date March 3, 2005, or 3 Mar 2005

Time 6:04 PM, 18:04 or 18.04

Time zone GMT – 8:00 or FMT +02:00

Currency $1, ¥1, € 1, or £1

Unit of measure 1 lb or kg

Phone number (415) 555-1212 or 098-88-1234

Address Two lines or four lines

Postal code 90210 or BYT 123

Punctuation Hello? ¿Hola?, “Hello,” or <<Hallo>>

Internationalization and Localization

Examples: Ikea, United Airline, Yahoo; Amazon

Web Services for e-Commerce

What Web Services Really Are

Modular software components wrapped inside a specific set of Internet communications protocols.

Underlie applications that run on the Internet Communicate with other programs automatically

without human intervention Be deployed for use over the Internet, on an intranet

inside a corporate firewall Run in a protected environment set up by business

partners Be written using a wide variety of development tools    

WSDL

http

WSDL

http

SOAP callSOAP response

Web Services: Using XML for communicationWeb service environment:1. Encapsulate the logic of the application logic into a subroutine.

2. Define the API for the logic using WSDL.

3. Host the subroutine on a Web server supporting the SOAP.

4. Publish the subroutine definition to an UDDI directory.

5. Look up the service in the UDDI directory

6. Use SOAP to make a remote call from the client application to the subroutine.

7. Use the results of the call in the application.

What Web Services Really AreThe development tools can perform a wide

variety of tasks including: Automating business processes Integrating disparate components of an

enterprise-wide system Delivering alerts to individuals about stock

prices and the weather Streamlining online trading and buying and

selling

SOA: Service-Oriented Architecture

Describing business functions as services

The Vision of Web Services

Provide a straightforward and interoperable means for programs to communicate with each other over the Web.

Provide directories so that providers can advertise and users can search for services

Create a market for remote services, such as payment systems, logistics, and business messaging.

Knit together disparate applications by the use of service discovery and negotiation.

Advantages of Web Services Based on open and ubiquitous standards.

HTTP for communication and XML for information exchange Work across hardware and software boundaries

Allow creation of business service stacks Expose software systems over the Internet to create value-

added service stacks by melding discrete Web services over a network

Standardize machine-to-machine interaction Publish your service to broad audience without worrying

about custom coding and interoperability issues Enjoy a broad-based industry support.

Microsoft, Sun, IBM, Oracle The open source movement

Remote Procedure Calls (RPCs)

Based on RPC models UDDI standards (for service directory) WSDL – an XML schema (API) Web servers and HTTP (binary wire protocols)

New factors Remote and less reliable than local procedure

calls. Built on open standards, leading to wide

interoperability among different implementations.

Core Enabling Technology

XML SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)

The transport that facilitates the exchange of XML messages between machines.

Calling conventions for remote procedure calls, encoding rules for parameters and return values, and the envelope.

Performs business method requests as XML documents and supports a variety of lower-level protocols (HTTP(S), SMTP)

Consists of request and response XML documents that have an envelope over them.

Core Enabling Technology

XML SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)

The transport that facilitates the exchange of XML messages between machines.

Calling conventions for remote procedure calls, encoding rules for parameters and return values, and the envelope.

Performs business method requests as XML documents and supports a variety of lower-level protocols (HTTP(S), SMTP)

Consists of request and response XML documents that have an envelope over them.

Core Enabling Technology

WSDL (Web Services Description Language) Interface definition language for Web services. Describe services that are accessible via SOAP and

HTTP. An XML language that permits standardized description

of Web services. Describe the interface, semantics, and administration-

related information of a Web service call. Allows simple services to be quickly and easily

described, documented, and discovered.

Core Enabling Technology

UDDI (Universal Description Discovery and Integration) A process not a protocol. Provides a specification that permits the publication and

location of services in a universal service registry. Publishes an available service along with its call interface

and semantics/ Provides a discovery and meeting point for service

providers and consumers.

UDDI Specification

Business information (businessEntity element) Business name, contact details

Service information (businessService element) Services relevant to a function or a service category

Biding information (bindingTemplate element) Network access point, supported interfaces

Specification information (tModels) Specification or interfaces supported by a Web services Data structure

The WS Standards

Examples

Amazon.com Auto industry

Web Services -- Limitations

The HTTP reliance – “sessionless” or “eventless” – when one computer interacts with another across internet – no ongoing connection between the two – no memory of the transaction

-- interaction done thru requests/responses but can not maintain info between requests

Not good for complex transactions – banking, Use SOAP as a work around

Web Services -- Limitations

Security – authorization and encryption not basic

-- non-repudiation messy (when company gets confirmation of PO – can not be undone

Work Around-- customized systems interacting with untouched web services at other firms – messy

-- no standard way to do interfaceWork Services Networks

-- an integration hub available thru subscription

Response to Information Management

XML provides standardized means for capturing, storing, describing: Information content and structure Rules and information about how that control s/be

understood, managed, stored, and referenced How the content is transmitted, transformed

and/or presented How content is related to each other

Web Services – Top Ten Think plumbing between computer pgms to pass

Data/Content Command

Web Services – next logical step in integrating the Internet into the Enterprise

Standards not really up to par yet – many things need agreement before it can take off

XML is the heart of web services Probably org is already using web services but not aware If implemented well, greatly decreases complexity of system

integration for org Web Services will be THE protocol for data exchange over the

Internet Sun Microsystem’s J2EE and Microsoft’s .NET – 2 main platforms of

choice for development Most Web Services is intraorganizational today Next growth phase – B2B communications

Public UDDI Registry

Current status http://www.webservicessummit.com/News/

UDDI2006.htm

Final Exam Readings

Lecture Notes Treese & Steward 2nd edition -- chapters 2, 3,

4, 11, 13, 15 The Design of Sites: Chapters 1, 3, 4, 5;

Patterns D6, D10