Echinoderms - Asteroidea: phylogeny, anatomy, physiology and ecology
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Transcript of Echinoderms - Asteroidea: phylogeny, anatomy, physiology and ecology
1
ASTEROIDEA
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DO RIO GRANDE DO NORTE
CLASS: ZOOLOGY II
INTRODUCTION
Asteroidea
Starfish
Invertebrates
Echinoderms
Deuterostomes
Pentameric radial
symmetry2
Asteroidea – Zoology II
PHYLOGENY– ECHINODERMATA INSIDE METAZOA
3
Asteroidea – Zoology II
EMERGING PATTERNS
Catch connective tissue
Niche sharing
4
Asteroidea – Zoology II
PHYLOGENY –ASTEROIDEA INSIDE ECHINODERMATA
5
Asteroidea – Zoology II
ANATOMY – EXTERNAL
6
Size
Between12 and 24 cm
in diameter
Asteroidea – Zoology II
ANATOMY – EXTERNAL
7
Number of arms
Between 5 and 50
Asteroidea – Zoology II
ANATOMY – EXTERNAL
8
Shape of the arms
Asteroidea – Zoology II
ANATOMY – BODY WALL
Epidermis
Mono-ciliated, non-ciliated, mucous and
sensory cellls
Dermis
Catch connective tissue and ossicles7
Asteroidea – Zoology II
ANATOMY – BODY WALL
Estructures
1 - Spines
2 - Paxillae
3 - Pedicellariae
4 - Papulae
8
1 2
33
4
Asteroidea – Zoology II
ANATOMY – INTERNAL
11
4
2
3
1
Aboral surface view:
1 –Anus
2 – Pyloric stomach
3 – Pyloric caecum
4 – Cardiac stomach
Asteroidea – Zoology II
ANATOMY – INTERNAL
12
2
3
1
54
6
7
8
Aboral surface view:
1 – Madreporite
2 – Stone canal
3 – Ring canal
4 – Radial canal
5 – Lateral canal
6 –Ampulla
7 –Tube foot
8 – Polian vesicle
Asteroidea – Zoology II
PHYSIOLOGY –WATERVASCULAR SYSTEM
13
VÍDEO
Asteroidea – Zoology II
PHYSIOLOGY – NUTRITION
Cernivores
Reef
Plankton
Extraoral digestion
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VÍDEO
Asteroidea – Zoology II
PHYSIOLOGY – NUTRITION
Primary digestion is extracellular
Pyloric caecum
Intra and extracellular digestion
Absorption
Excretion 15
Asteroidea – Zoology II
PHYSIOLOGY – CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Coelomic circulation
Water vascular system
Perivisceral coelom
Hyponeural system
Perihemal system
Genital system
Ciliary action
Excretion
Diffusion
Celomocytes
16
Asteroidea – Zoology II
Gas exchange
Papulae
Tube feet
17
PHYSIOLOGY – CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Asteroidea – Zoology II
PHYSIOLOGY – NERVOUS SYSTEM
Associated to the epidermis
Circum-oral nerve ring
Radial nerve
Ocelli
Diffuse sensory cells 18
Asteroidea – Zoology II
PHYSIOLOGY – REGENERATION
Arm + central disc
Slow regeneration
19
Asteroidea – Zoology II
REPRODUCTION AND LIFE CYCLE
Asexual reproduction
Central disc division
Linckia
20
Asteroidea – Zoology II
REPRODUCTION AND LIFE CYCLE
Sexual reproduction
Dioecious
Gonads
External fertilization
Planktonic eggs and larvae
21
Asteroidea – Zoology II
REPRODUCTION AND LIFE CYCLE
Larval development
Bipinnaria larva
Brachiolaria larva
Metamorphosis
22
Asteroidea – Zoology II
REPRODUCTION AND LIFE CYCLE
23
VÍDEO
Asteroidea – Zoology II
GROUPS
24
1 2
3 4
5 6 7
1
2
3
7
4
5
6
Asteroidea – Zoology II
ECOLOGY
Distribution and habitat
Strategies against predation
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Asteroidea – Zoology II
ECOLOGY
Ecological impact
Biodiversity
Overpopulation
Bioindicators
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Asteroidea – Zoology II
DOUBTS?27
REFERENCES
Invertebrate zoology, Rupert & Barnes, 6ª ed.
http://.cronodon.com/BioTech/Asteroids.html
http://.animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Asteroidea
http://animalbiology101.tumbler.com/echinodermata
http://ucmp.berkley.edu/echinodermata/asteroidea.html
http://tolweb.org/Asteroidea
http://cifonauta.cebimar.usp.br/táxon/asteroidea
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starfish 28