EBOLA fix

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix

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DAFTAR ISI

BAB I PENDAHULUAN .............................................................................2BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ....................................................................6

A.. Definisi ..............................................................................................6

B...Reproduksi Virus................................................................................

!...Epide"io#o$i .....................................................................................%

D.. Penu#&r&n ...........................................................................................''

E...(e)&#& k#inis .......................................................................................'

*.. .Di&$nos& ............................................................................................2'

(.. Pe"eriks&&n penun)&n$ .....................................................................22

H.. Pen$o+&,&n .........................................................................................2-

I....Pene$&/&n ........................................................................................20

BAB III PENUTUP .......................................................................................2%DA*TAR PUSTAKA ....................................................................................-'

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

Ber+&$&i pen1&ki, "enu#&r p&d& "&nusi& 1&n$ +ersu"+er d&ri /e&n

,e#&/ +&n1&k "e&+&/ di duni&. Is,i#&/ 3oonosis ,e#&/ diken&# un,uk

"en$$&"+&rk&n su&,u ke)&di&n pen1&ki, infeksi p&d& "&nusi& 1&n$ di,u#&rk&n

d&ri /e&n 4er,e+r&,&. H&# ini#&/ 1&n$ de&s& ini "en)&di soro,&n pu+#ik d&n

"en)&di o+)ek +er+&$&i s,udi un,uk "en$k&)i se$&#& &spek 1&n$ +erk&i,&n

den$&n &+&/ ,erse+u, 1&n$ di/&r&pk&n n&n,in1& &k&n dipero#e/ su&,u sis,e"

,erp&du un,uk pe"+er&n,&s&n d&n pen&n$$u#&n$&nn1&. Ke"unu#&n d&ri su&,u

pen1&ki, 3oonosis ,id&k d&p&, diprediksi d&n d&p&, "e"+&& d&"p&k 1&n$

"en&ku,k&n +&$i duni&5 ,eru,&"& +&$i ko"uni,&s 1&n$ +er$er&k di +id&n$

kese/&,&n "&s1&r&k&, d&n 4e,eriner.

P&d& ne$&r& 1&n$ +erke"+&n$ seper,i Indonesi&5 3oonosis +e#u"

"end&p&,k&n per/&,i&n 1&n$ ukup +&ik pe"erin,&/n1& "&upun r&k1&,n1&.

Buk,i konkri,n1& &d&#&/ k&sus e"er$in$ 3oonosis A4i&n Inf#uen3& di Indonesi&

di"&n& se)&k A$us,us 2-5 se+&n1&k 750 )u,& &1&" "&,i &ki+&, &+&/ ini.

Se)u"#&/ 62 or&n$ posi,if ,erinfeksi AI d&n 70 or&n$ di&n,&r&n1& "enin$$&#

duni&. Di s&"pin$ i,u5 "&si/ +&n1&k k&sus8k&sus 3oonosis #&inn1& 1&n$

"e&+&/ di Indonesi& seper,i &n,r&ks d&n r&+ies. Kesukses&n pen&n$$u#&n$&n

pen1&ki, 3oonosis di ne$&r& #&in "en)&di ,&n,&n$&n +&$i Indonesi& un,uk ke#u&r

d&ri kun$kun$&n pen1&ki, 3oonosis.

Ke"unu#&n k&sus8k&sus pen1&ki, 3oonosis "e"+uk& su&,u pe"&/&"&n

+&ru d&ri #e"+&$& kese/&,&n /e&n seduni& &,&u 9IE :9ffie In,ern&,ion&#e

des Epi3oo,es; "en$en&i "usu/ duni&. 9IE +erpend&p&, +&/& de&s& ini5

"usu/ duni& +uk&n #&$i per&n$ duni&5 +o" nuk#ir &,&upun ser&n$&n ,eroris5

"e#&ink&n &#&" i,u sendiri.

2

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


Ke"unu#&n 1&n$ ,&k ,erdu$& d&ri su&,u pen1&ki, 3oonosis )u$&

"e"unu#k&n is,i#&/ e"er$in$ 3oonosis. Is,i#&/ ini d&p&, didefinisik&n se&r&

#u&s se+&$&i su&,u ke)&di&n pen1&ki, 3oonosis den$&n<

'. A$en pen1&ki, 1&n$ ,e#&/ diken&# d&n "unu# p&d& &re& $eo$r&fik

1&n$ +er+ed&

2. A$en pen1&ki, 1&n$ ,e#&/ diken&# &,&u ker&+&, dek&,n1& d&n

"en1er&n$ /e&n 1&n$ se+e#u"n1& ,id&k ren,&n

-. A$en pen1&ki, 1&n$ +e#u" diken&# se+e#u"n1& d&n ,erde,eksi un,uk

per,&"& k&#in1&.

Sed&n$k&n re8e"er$in$ 3oonosis &d&#&/ su&,u pen1&ki, 3oonosis 1&n$

pern&/ "e&+&/ d&n sud&/ "en$&#&"i penurun&n in,ensi,&s ke)&di&n n&"un

"u#&i "enun)ukk&n penin$k&,&n ke"+&#i.

Se,i&p er& se)&r&/ ke/idup&n "&nusi& se#&#u diser,&i ke"unu#&n d&ri

su&,u pen1&ki, 1&n$ +&ru. Peru+&/&n sosi&# d&n eko#o$i 1&n$ +erk&i,&n den$&n

pen1e+&r&n popu#&si "&nusi&5 peru+&/&n #in$kun$&n d&n $#o+&#is&si d&p&,

+eri"p#ik&si p&d& ke"unu#&n su&,u pen1&ki, 3oonosis. Penin$k&,&n popu#&si

"&nusi& d&n $#o+&#is&si "en1e+&+k&n perpind&/&n "&nusi& d&ri s&,u +enu& ke

+enu& #&inn1&.

Seirin$ den$&n penin$k&,&n popu#&si "&nusi& d&n $#o+&#is&si ,erse+u,

"&k& )u$& &k&n ,er)&di perpind&/&n /e&n &n,&r i#&1&/5 +&/k&n +enu&5

"e#&#ui perus&k&n /&+i,&,5 perd&$&n$&n5 per"in,&&n pri+&di d&n kepen,in$&n

,ekno#o$i5 di"&n& "ikroor$&nis"e5 ,er"&suk "ikroor$&nis"e p&,o$en5 )u$&

"en$&#&"i perpind&/&n ke d&er&/ 1&n$ +&ru. P&d& d&s&rn1&5 pen1&ki, 1&n$

&d& di duni& )u$& "en$&#&"i perke"+&n$&n 1&n$ se)&#&n den$&n

perke"+&n$&n duni& 1&n$ ukup pes&,.

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8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


BAB II

TINJAUAN PUSTAKA

A. DEFINISI

Ebola &d&#&/ se)enis 4irus d&ri $enus Ebolavirus5 f&"i#i& Filoviridae5

d&n )u$& n&"& d&ri pen1&ki, 1&n$ dise+&+k&n o#e/ 4irus ,erse+u,. Pen1&ki,

E+o#& s&n$&, "e"&,ik&n. (e)&#&8$e)&#&n1& &n,&r& #&in "un,&/5 di&re5 s&ki,

+&d&n5 pend&r&/&n d&#&" d&n #u&r5 d&n de"&". Tin$k&, ke"&,i&n +erkis&r

&n,&r& => s&"p&i %>. As&# k&,&n1& &d&#&/ d&ri sun$&i E+o#& di Kon$o.

Pen1&ki, E+o#& d&p&, di,u#&rk&n #e&, kon,&k #&n$sun$ den$&n &ir&n ,u+u/

&,&u ku#i,. ?&s& inku+&sin1& d&ri 2 s&"p&i 2' /&ri5 u"u"n1& &n,&r& = s&"p&i

' /&ri. S&&, ini ,e#&/ dike"+&n$k&n 4&ksin un,uk E+o#& 1&n$ '> efek,if

d&#&" "on1e,5 n&"un 4&ksin un,uk "&nusi& +e#u" di,e"uk&n.'525-

Virus E+o#& ,er"&suk ked&#&" $enus E+o#&4irus5 f&"i#i& *i#o4irid&e

1&n$ "erup&k&n s&#&/ s&,u d&rip&d& du& ku"pu#&n 4irus RNA +en&n$8ne$&,if.

Virus *i#o "e"pun1&i +en,uk +io#o$i seper,i "orfo#o$i5 kep&d&,&n5 d&n profi#e

e#ek,rop/oresis $e# po#1&r1#&"ide. Virus ini ,e#&/ dike#&sk&n kep&d& 4irus

p&r&"1@o den$&n "en$$un&k&n k&ed&/ uru,&n DNA. *&"i#i& *i#o4irid&e

"e"i#iki $&ris ,en$&/ n"5 d&n p&)&n$ "e&p&i ' n".

Virus E+o#& "en$&ndun$ "o#eku# #urus5 +e+en&n$ RNA ne$&,if5 1&n$ ,id&k

+ersendi. Se"u& $eno"e 4irus *i#o "e"pun1&i iri8iri serup&5 d&n

"e"pun1&i +&n1&k sis& &denosine d&n uridine. (en 4irus E+o#& "en$&ndun$

,r&nskrip uru,&n ,e,&p p&d& - d&n ,r&nskrip uru,&n ,er&k/ir p&d& =. Per+ed&&n

di &n,&r& 4irus E+o#& d&n 4irus ?&r+ur$ &d&#&/5 4irus E+o#& "enun)ukk&n ,i$&

penu"puk&n 1&n$ +erse#&n$ di &n,&r& ,uru,&n &n,&r&8$en :in,er$ene,i;

se"en,&r& 4irus ?&r+ur$ /&n1& "e"pun1&i s&,u penu"puk&n 1&n$

keduduk&nn1& +er+ed& den$&n 4irus E+o#&. Virus *i#o se&r& "orfo#o$i

"en1erup&i +en,uk 4irus r/&+do5 &k&n ,e,&pi 4irus *i#o "e"pun1&i ukur&n

7

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus

http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ebolavirus&action=edit&redlink=1

http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Filoviridae&action=edit&redlink=1


http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muntah&action=edit&redlink=1

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diare

http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pendarahan_dalam&action=edit&redlink=1

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demam

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Ebola

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo

http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Masa_inkubasi&action=edit&redlink=1

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monyet

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaksin

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virus

http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ebolavirus&action=edit&redlink=1


http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muntah&action=edit&redlink=1

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diare

http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pendarahan_dalam&action=edit&redlink=1

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demam

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Ebola

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kongo

http://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Masa_inkubasi&action=edit&redlink=1

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monyet

http://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaksin

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


1&n$ #e+i/ p&n)&n$. Ap&+i#& di#i/&, den$&n "en$$un&k&n "ikroskop e#ek,ron5

+en,uk 4irus *i#o seper,i +erfi#&"en, :+er+en&n$ /&#us;5 &,&u ke#i/&,&n

+er&+&n$. Terd&p&, )u$& 4irus 1&n$ +er+en,uk U5 + d&n +er+en,uk +und&r.

Virus E+o#& ,erdiri d&ri ,u)u/ po#1pep,id& di&n,&r&n1& RNA $eno"e &. '%.

k+5 1&n$ "en&kup (#1opro,ein :(P;5 Nu#eopro,ein :NP;5 RNA8

DEPENDENT RNA Po#1"er&se :L;5 VP-=5 VP-5 VP75 d&n VP27.25-

Virus ini "&si/ +er&d& di d&,&r&n Afrik& d&n k&+&rn1& )u$& ,e#&/

s&"p&i ke *i#ipin&. Su&,u ke,ik& Ne$eri Erop& "e#&kuk&n pen$i"por&n ker&

d&ri Kon$o5 ke,ik& "en$e,&/ui 4irus ini &k/irn1& se#uru/ ker& ini di"usn&/k&n

&$&r ,id&k "en1e+&r ke"&n&8"&n&5 d&n s&"p&i s&&, ini +e#u" di,e"uk&n

4&ksin 1&n$ d&p&, "en1e"+u/k&n pen1&ki, ini. Tr&ns"isi &n,&r "&nusi&

,er)&di &ki+&, kon,&k #&n$sun$ den$&n &ir&n ,u+u/ 1&n$ +er&s&# d&ri di&re5

"un,&/ d&n pend&r&/&n5 ku#i, &,&u "e"+r&n "ukos&. Periode inku+&si 4irus

+er#&n$sun$ se#&"& 2 s&"p&i 2' /&ri. Ke)&di&n epide"ik E+o#& +&n1&k ,er)&di

p&d& ru"&/ s&ki, 1&n$ ,id&k "ener&pk&n /i$iene 1&n$ ke,&,. Infek,i4i,&s 4irus

E+o#& ukup s,&+i# p&d& su/u k&"&r :2C!; ,e,&pi /&nur d&#&" - "eni, p&d&

6C!. Infek,i4i,&s )u$& di/&nurk&n o#e/ d&n ir&di&si u#,r&4io#e,5 pe#&ru, #e"&k5

+8propio#&,one5 d&n /ipok#ori, ko"ersi&# d&n desinfek,&n feno#ik.75=56

=

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


(+. Virus E+o#& den$&n "ikroskop e#ek,ron

(e)&#&8$e)&#&n1& &n,&r& #&in "un,&/5 di&re5 s&ki, +&d&n5 pend&r&/&n

d&#&" d&n #u&r &nus5 d&n de"&". Tin$k&, ke"&,i&n s&"p&i %>. As&# k&,&n1&

&d&#&/ d&ri sun$&i E+o#& di Kon$o. Pen1&ki, E+o#& d&p&, di,u#&rk&n #e&,

kon,&k #&n$sun$ den$&n &ir&n ,u+u/ &,&u ku#i,. Virus ini "u#&i "enu#&r d&ri

s&#&/ s&,u spesies ker& di Kon$o ke"udi&n "u#&i "en1e+&r ke "&nusi&5 )&n$k&

&k,u "&nusi& "u#&i ,er)&n$ki, 4irus ini s&"p&i "ene"ui &)&#n1& seki,&r '

"in$$u k&ren& s&kin$ $&n&sn1& 4irus ini.257

B. REPRODUKSI VIRUS

Reproduksi 4irus E+o#& +&ru ,er)&di s&&, 4irus "&suk ke d&#&" se#

in&n$. Beriku, ini "erup&k&n sik#us reproduksi 4irus E+o#&<=5650

'. Virus +erik&,&n den$&n resep,or in&n$ den$&n per"uk&&n (P

:$#ikopro,ein; pep#o"er d&n +erendisi,osis ke d&#&" 4esike# se# in&n$.

2. Pen1&,u&n "e"+r&n 4irus den$&n "e"+r&n 4esike# ,er)&di. Nuk#eok&psid

,er#ep&s ke d&#&" si,op#&s"&.

-. R&n,&i $en sense ne$&,i4e ssRNA di$un&k&n un,uk sin,esis :-8=;

po#i&deni#&se5"onois,roni "RNAs.

7. Tr&ns#&si "RNA "en)&di pro,ein 4ir&# ,er)&di den$&n "en$$un&k&n

per#en$k&p&n se# in&n$.

6

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


=. Ter)&di Pos,8,r&ns#&si d&ri "RNA. Prekursor $#ikopro,ein :(P; +erik&,&n

er&, den$&n (P' d&n (P2. Kedu& $#ikopro,ein ini5 per,&"&5 +erp&s&n$&n

se+&$&i /e,erodi"er ke"udi&n "en)&di ,ri"er. Prekursor S(P +erik&,&n

er&, pu#& den$&n S(P d&n de#,& pep,id&.

6. Bi#& pro,ein 4ir&# )u"#&/n1& "&kin "enin$k&, "&k& ,er)&di#&/ rep#ik&si.

Den$&n "e"&k&i r&n,&i RNA sense ne$&,i4e5 :;ssRNA disin,esis.

Sin,esis :;ssRNA +erfun$si un,uk "ensin,esis :8;ssRNA.

0. Ter+en,ukn1& nuk#eok&psid +&ru d&n se#i"u, pro,ein 1&n$ +er&sosi&si

den$&n p#&s"& "e"+r&n se# in&n$F 4irion ,er#ep&s.

C. EPIDEMIOLOGI

As&#8usu# di &#&" d&n se)&r&/ &#&"i d&ri 4irus E+o#& ,e,&p "en)&di

"is,eri. Se&r& u"u"5 4irus ini &d& 1&n$ "en1er&n$ "&nusi& :E+o#&8G&ire5

E+o#&8I4or1 !o&s, d&n E+o#&8Sud&n; d&n &d& 1&n$ /&n1& "en1er&n$ /e&n

pri"&,& :E+o#&8Res,on;. Tid&k &d& &rrier s,&,e k&ren& ,id&k di,e"uk&n

#in$kun$&n &#&"i d&ri 4irus. N&"un d&ri +e+er&p& /ipo,esis "en$&,&k&n

+&/& ,er)&di penu#&r&n d&ri /e&n ,erinfeksi ke "&nusi&. Ke"udi&n d&ri

"&nusi& 1&n$ ,erinfeksi ini5 4irus +is& di,u#&rk&n d&#&" +er+&$&i &r&. 9r&n$

+is& ,erinfeksi k&ren& +erkon,&k den$&n d&r&/ d&n &,&u /&si# sekresi d&ri

or&n$ 1&n$ ,erinfeksi. 9r&n$ )u$& +is& ,erinfeksi k&ren& +erkon,&k den$&n

+end& seper,i )&ru" sun,ik 1&n$ ,erkon,&"in&si den$&n or&n$ 1&n$ ,erinfeksi.

Penu#&r&n se&r& nosoko"i&# :penu#&r&n 1&n$ ,er)&di di k#inik &,&u ru"&/

s&ki,; )u$& d&p&, ,er)&di +i#& p&sien d&n ,en&$& "edis ,id&k "e"&k&i "&sker

&,&upun s&run$ ,&n$&n. P&d& pri"&,&5 E+o#&8Res,on5 "en1er&n$ f&si#i,&s

pene#i,i&n /e&n pri"&,& di Vir$ini&5 AS. E+o#&8Res,on "en1e+&r "e#&#ui

p&r,ike# ud&r&.2505

E+o#& "erup&k&n s&#&/ s&,u k&sus e"er$in$ 3oonosis 1&n$ p&#in$

"en1i,& per/&,i&n pu+#ik k&ren& ke"unu#&nn1& 1&n$ serin$ d&n "e"i#iki

0

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


&n$k& "or,&#i,&s 1&n$ ,in$$i p&d& "&nusi&. Virus E+o#& per,&"& k&#i

diiden,ifik&si di pro4insi Sud&n d&n di i#&1&/ 1&n$ +erdek&,&n den$&n G&ire

:s&&, ini diken&# se+&$&i Repu+#ik !on$o; p&d& ,&/un '%065 se,e#&/ ,er)&din1&

su&,u epide"i di &"+uku5 d&er&/ U,&r& Repu+#ik !on$o d&n N3&r&5 d&er&/

Se#&,&n Sud&n. Se)&k di,e"uk&nn1& 4irus E+o#&5 ,e#&/ di#&pork&n se+&n1&k

'= k&sus den$&n ke"&,i&n #e+i/ d&ri '2 k&sus di&n,&r&n1&. Pen1&ki, ini

dise+&+k&n o#e/ 4irus d&ri $enus E+o#&4irus 1&n$ ,er$o#on$ f&"i#i *i#o4irid&e.

In&n$ &,&u reser4oir d&ri E+o#& +e#u" d&p&, dip&s,ik&n5 n&"un ,e#&/ dike,&/ui

+&/& ke#e#&&r +u&/ &d&#&/ s&#&/ s&,u /e&n 1&n$ +er,ind&k se+&$&i in&n$

&#&"i d&ri E+o#&. Virus E+o#& )u$& ,e#&/ dide,eksi p&d& d&$in$ si"p&nse5

$ori#&5 ?&&& f&siu#&ris d&n ki)&n$ #i&r.%5'

Pen1e+&r&n 4irus E+o#& d&#&" sk&#& $#o+&# "&si/ ,er+&,&s. H&# ini

+erk&i,&n den$&n ,r&ns"isin1& 1&n$ ,id&k "e#&#ui ud&r& d&n )u$& )&r&k &k,u

1&n$ diper#uk&n 4irus E+o#& un,uk "en$infeksi s&,u indi4idu ke indi4idu

#&inn1&. Se#&in i,u5 onse, 4irus 1&n$ re#&,if ep&, d&p&, "e"perep&, di&$nos&

,er/&d&p penderi,& se/in$$& d&p&, "en$ur&n$i pen1e+&r&n pen1&ki, "e#&#ui

penderi,& 1&n$ +eper$i&n d&ri s&,u i#&1&/ ke i#&1&/ #&inn1&.Pen1&ki, ini

d&p&, dik&i,k&n den$&n ke+i&s&&n "&nusi&5 ,eru,&"& di d&er&/ Afrik&5 un,uk

"en$konsu"si d&$in$ /e&n #i&r. D&$in$ /e&n #i&r 1&n$ ,erkon,&"in&si

&k&n "en)&di "edi& 1&n$ efek,if d&ri penu#&r&n E+o#& p&d& "&nusi&.'5%5''

D. PENULARANPenu#&r&n E+o#& 1&i,u "e#&#ui kon,&k fisik den$&n &ir&n ,u+u/5

sekresi5 d&n se"en d&ri or&n$ 1&n$ ,erinfeksi. Penu#&r&n 1&n$ ,er)&di di ru"&/

s&ki, &,&u k#inik "erup&k&n +en,uk penu#&r&n 1&n$ serin$ ,er)&di. Pen1&ki,

E+o#& d&p&, di,u#&rk&n #e&, kon,&k #&n$sun$ den$&n &ir&n ,u+u/ &,&u ku#i,.

?&s& inku+&sin1& d&ri 2 s&"p&i 2' /&ri5 u"u"n1& &n,&r& = s&"p&i ' /&ri.

S&&, ini ,e#&/ dike"+&n$k&n 4&ksin un,uk E+o#& 1&n$ '> efek,if d&#&"

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


"on1e,5 n&"un 4&ksin un,uk "&nusi& +e#u" di,e"uk&n. Pen1&ki, E+o#&

"en1e+&r d&n "&suk ke d&#&" ,u+u/ /os, "e#&#ui +er+&$&i "&&" &r& &n,&r&

#&in "e#&#ui )&ru" sun,ik5 donor d&r&/ 5 d&n "e#&#ui kon,&k #&n$sun$

,&n$&n.'25'-

T&/&p&n penu#&r&n 4irus E+o#& d&ri penderi,& s&,u ke penderi,& #&inn1& &n,&r&

#&in<75%5'7

'. Virus E+o#& "en$infeksi su+)ek "e#&#ui kon,&k den$&n &ir&n ,u+u/

&,&u sekre, d&ri p&sien 1&n$ ,erinfeksi d&n didis,ri+usik&n "e#&#ui

sirku#&si. "e#&#ui #ee, di ku#i, se#&"& per&&,&n p&sien5 ri,u&#

pen$u+ur&n d&n "un$kin kon,&k den$&n d&$in$ se&r& ,erinfeksi5 &,&u

di per"uk&&n "ukos&.Terk&d&n$ )&ru" sun,ik "erup&k&n ru,e u,&"&

d&ri eksposur ker)&.

2. T&r$e, &&# d&ri rep#ik&si &d&#&/ se#8se# re,iku#oendo,e#i&#5 den$&n

rep#ik&si ,in$$i d&#&" +e+er&p& ,ipe se# di d&#&" /&,i5 p&ru8p&ru d&n

#i"p&.

%

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


-. Se# Dendri,i5 "&krof&$ d&n endo,e#iu" ,&"p&kn1& ren,&n ,er/&d&p

efek 1,op&,/i produk $en 4irus E+o#& in vitro d&n "un$kin in vivo

"e#&#ui $&n$$u&n )&#ur sin1&# se#u#er dipen$&ru/i o#e/ "en$ik&,5

f&$osi,osis ser&p&n 4irus &,&u kedu&n1&. Kerus&k&n ,id&k #&n$sun$ )u$&

d&p&, di,i"+u#k&n o#e/ f&k,or8f&k,or 1&n$ +ered&r seper,i f&k,or ,u"or

nekrosis d&n oksid& ni,r&,.

Aktivai Sit!" I"#$

D&ri #i"& s,r&in 4irus E+o#&5 s,r&in G&ire "erup&k&n 1&n$ p&#in$

4iru#en5 den$&n "or,&#i,&s "en&p&i %>. D&ri pene#i,i&n #u&s5 +&si "o#eu#&r

d&ri 4iru#ensi +e#u" ,erde,er"in&si. T&k&d& e, &# d&p&, "ende"ons,r&sik&n

+&/& infeksi s,r&in G&ire 4irus di,&nd&i den$&n ke+er&d&&n mouse

monoclonal antibody5 "en1e+&+k&n penin$k&,&n infeksi dependen, &n,i+odi.

Se#&n)u,n1&5 s&"pe# seru" diku"pu#k&n d&ri p&sien8p&sien 1&n$ ,erinfeksi

E+o#& se#&"& ,&/un '%%= ou,+re&k di Kiki,5 Repu+#ik Kon$o5 "enin$k&,k&n

infeksi 4irus p&d& se# $in)&# "&nusi& 1&n$ +ere"+rio.'-5'=5'6

Penin$k&,&n dependen, &n,i+odi "e"+u,u/k&n f&,or seru" p&n&s #&+i#

1&n$ d&p&, +erin,er&ksi den$&n * d&ri &n,i+odi. Pro,ein A5 per"uk&&n pro,ein

d&ri dindin$ se# +&k,eri Staphylococcus aureus 1&n$ +erik&,&n den$&n re$ion

* i""uno$#o+u#in5 "e"pun1&i efek 1&n$ s&"&. Se+u&/ pene#i,i&n

"e"pe#&)&ri ,en,&n$ ko"ponen ko"p#e"en ' :!';5 inisi&# )&#ur ko"p#e"en5

+erik&,&n den$&n * d&n +erin,er&ksi den$&n "o#eku# per"uk&&n se#.

Ko"p#eks ini ,erdiri d&ri !' d&n du& serine proen3i" pro,e&se5 !'r d&n !'s.

Pene#i,i&n "e"+uk,ik&n +&/& infek,i4i,&s 4irus E+o#& di,in$k&,k&n den$&n

ke+er&d&&n mouse monoclonal antibody d&n !' "urni5 "enun)ukk&n +&/&

penin$k&,&n dependen, &n,i+odi di"edi&si o#e/ "o#eku# !'.'05'

'

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


Pene"u&n ini "en$usu#k&n se+u&/ "ek&nis"e< "u#,ipe# &n,i+od1 I$(

+erik&,&n den$&n epi,ope (T se&r& dek&,5 1&n$ "e"un$kink&n pen$ik&,&n !'

ke re$ion * d&ri &n,i+odi. Ko"p#eks ini "en$ik&, #i$&n !' p&d& per"uk&&n

se# d&n "ens,&+i#k&n in,er&ksi &n,&r& 4irus d&n resep,or5 "enin$k&,k&n

per#ek&,&n 4ir&#. Li$&n !' ,e#&/ diiden,ifik&si p&d& +&n1&k ,ipe se#5 ,er"&suk

"onosi,."&krof&$ d&n se# endo,e# 1&n$ se&r& k/usus "erup&k&n ,&r$e, d&ri

4irus de"&" +erd&r&/ ini. Se/in$$&5 ke,ik& &n,i+odi se&r& nor"&#

"e"pro,eksi ,u+u/5 4irus ini "&"pu un,uk "en$$un&k&nn1& un,uk "e#ek&, ke

,&r$e, se# se&r& ep&, d&n "ud&/.'%5252'

''

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


Se+&$&i ,&"+&/&n kof&k,or pen,in$ un,uk RNA 4irus ko"p#eks

po#1"er&se5 VP-= ,e#&/ diiden,ifik&si se+&$&i in/i+i,or d&ri ko"ponen )&#ur

"u#,ipe# in,erferon :I*N;. VP -= "erup&k&n ke#o"pok si,okin 1&n$ diproduksi

se+&$&i respon ,er/&d&p infeksi 4ir&# 1&n$ "en$er&/k&n &n,i4ir&#5 i/i+isi

per,u"+u/&n se# d&n &k,i4i,&s i""unore$u#&,or. P&d& infeksi 4ir&#5 respon I*N

d&p&, dipiu den$&n sensor seper,i pro,ein retinoic acid-inducible $ene I :RI(

I; d&n pro,ein melanoma differentiation-associated gene = :?DA8=; 1&n$

"en$en&#i dsRNA &,&u ko"p#eks ri+onuk#eopro,ein. N&"un5 VP-= d&p&,

"en$$&n$$u )&#ur ini s&&, "u#&i +erko"pe,isi den$&n RI( ' un,uk pen$ik&,&n

dsRNA.65%522

'2

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


Di +&&/ #in$kun$&n 1&n$ nor"&#5 sin1&# prop&$&si ,er)&di "e#&#ui

&sosi&i "i,okondri& &d&p,er I*N8 promoter stimolator ' :IPS8'; 1&n$

se#&n)u,n1& "en$&k,i4&si in/i+isi d&ri B kin&se epsi#on :IKK; d&n TANK8

binding kinase :TBK8';. H&# ini "en$u+&/ p/osp/or1#&,e 1&n$ se+&#ikn1&

"en$in&k,i4&si re$u#&si in,erferon f&,or - :I*N8-; un,uk "e"iu sekresi I*N8

M. IR*8- "en$ekspresik&n f&,or ,r&nskripsi 1&n$ predo"in&n si,p#&s"&

ke,ik& d&#&" +en,uk in&k,if. Ak,i4&si d&ri serine.,/eorine p/osp/or1#&,ion

dek&, den$&n &r+o@1 ,er"inus5 pro,ein di"eris&si d&n +erpind&/ ke s#&&"

s,ruk,ur nuke#us un,uk +erik&,&n den$&n DNA d&n +erin,er&ksi den$&n histone

acetyltransferases. *&k,or ini +erkon,ri+usi un,uk "en$&,i4&si ekspresi $en

I*N8 d&n $en I*N8M ,erpi#i/ ser,& +e+er&p& $en #&in den$&n po,ensi &k,i4i,&s

&n,i4ir&#.2-527

VP-= "en$in/i+isi &k,i4&si IR*8- se&r& pri"er den$&n "en$/&"+&,

fosfori#&sin1&. H&si#n1& "en$indik&sik&n +&/& ke,i&d&&n d&ri &k,i4i,&s

&n,&$onis5 )u"#&/ +&n1&k d&ri I*N8M &k&n diproduksi d&n "en$/&"+&,

'-

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


pen1e+&r&n 4irus. Se#&n)u,n1&5 in,erferon ini "e"pen$&ru/i produksi d&ri

si,okin i""unore$u#&,or #&in. ?ek&nis"e ini ke"udi&n "en1edi&k&n

pen)e#&s&n 1&n$ "un$kin un,uk +#okin$ d&ri "&,ur&si se# dendri,ik se#&"&

infeksi E+o#& 1&n$ "&n& "erus&k &k,i4&si se# T d&n pro#ifer&si.2'52=

?ek&nis"e #&in d&ri in/i+isi "e"+u,u/k&n in,er&ksi fisik &n,&r& VP-=

d&n kin&se se#u#&r IKK d&n TBK8'. D&,& i""unopresipi,&si "enun)ukk&n

+&/& VP-= d&p&, "en1uksesk&n d&#&" ,&r$e, pro,ein "e#&#ui in,er&ksi

den$&n do"&in kin&se 1&n$ /&"per s&"&. Se#&in i,u5 pro,ein 4irus d&p&,

"en$$&n$$u in,er&ksi IKK d&n IPS8'5 se+&$i&n "ene$&/ &k,i4&si d&ri kin&si

ini p&s& konsen,r&si 4irus 1&n$ ,in$$i.2=526520

Ke,ik& +erik&,&n den$&n resep,or5 in,erferon "en$&k,i4&si Janus

tyrosine kinase signal transducer and activator :JAKSTAT; "enun)ukk&n

)&#ur 1&n$ "ens,i"u#&si ,r&nskripsi d&ri $en pen$kode pro,ein &n,i4ir&# seper,i

pro,ein kin&se R :PKR;. P&d& ik&,&n ,er/&d&p dsRNA5 PKR di&k,i4&si d&n

inisi&si ,r&ns#&si p/osp/or1#&si f&,or eI*825 1&n$ ke"udi&n "en&/&n sis,esi

pro,ein d&n "en$in/i+isi rep#ik&si 4ir&#.2=526520

'7

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


H#b#$%a$ M!ka$i"! S!l#l!& '!$%a$ D!"a" B!&'a&a(

Virus E+o#& +i&s&n1& di,u#&rk&n "e#&#ui kon,&k #&n$sun$ den$&n &ir&n

,u+u/ 1&n$ ,erinfeksi &,&u kon,&k ku#i, #endir "e"+r&n. Se,e#&/ di d&#&"

,u+u/5 4irus "en1er&n$ "&krof&$ d&n "onosi,5 "en$&nd&#k&n &n,i+odi /os,

d&n "e#en$k&pi ko"ponen ' un,uk infeksi 1&n$ efisien. Se#8se# d&r&/ pu,i/

"erespon den$&n "e#ep&sk&n se)u"#&/ +es&r si,okin proinf#&"&si 1&n$

"enin$k&,k&n per"e&+i#i,&s endo,e# 4&sku#&r5 1&n$ "e"f&si#i,&si "&sukn1&

4irus #e+i/ "ud&/ ke ,&r$e, sekunder5 se#8se# endo,e#. Si,okin ini )u$& "erekru,

#e+i/ +&n1&k "&krof&$ ke d&er&/5 "e"&ksi"&#k&n )u"#&/ se#8se# 1&n$ d&p&,

di$un&k&n E+o#& un,uk "en1e+&r ke se#uru/ ,u+u/. Se"en,&r& i,u5 /ep&,osi,

sed&n$ di/&nurk&n o#e/ 4irus5 "e"&s,ik&n +&/& sin1&# se# ini ,id&k d&p&,

di+ersi/k&n d&ri &#ir&n d&r&/.''5'-52

'=

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


Se,e#&/ pen$ik&,&n resep,or 1&n$ di"&di&si (P5 4irion E+o#& di&"+i#

ke d&#&" se# endo,e# "e#&#ui "&ropino1,osis. Se,e#&/ pe"+en,uk&n ,erse+u,5

"&ropinoso"es +er$er&k #e+i/ )&u/ ke d&#&" si,op#&s"& un,uk "e"pero#e/

pen&nd& +&ru &,&u "en1&,u den$&n 4esike# #&inn1& p&d& )&#ur s,&nd&r

endo#iso"&#. Ak/irn1& "e"ind&/k&n 4irion E+o#& ke ko"p&r,e"en #e+i/ &s&"

seper,i endoso"es &&# d&n &k/ir 1&n$ "e"+&n,u d&#&" fusi d&ri 4irus d&n

se#u#er "e"+r&n. Se#&"& proses ini5 se# "e#ep&sk&n d&ri ,e,&n$$&n1& d&n

ke/i#&n$&n kon,&k den$&n "e"+r&n +&s&# k&ren& "ek&nis"e $#1&n 1&n$

di"edi&si s,erik ok#usi o#e/ (P. P&r,ike# +&ru ke"udi&n di+u&, "enin$$&#k&n

"e#&#ui r&ki, #ipid5 "enin$$&#k&n sis,e" 4&sku#&r des,&+i#is&si 1&n$

+er,&n$$un$ )&&+ &,&s k&r&k,eris,ik ke/i#&n$&n d&r&/ +es&r p&d& p&sien

E+o#&.

Se"en,&r& i,u5 sis,e" keke+&#&n ,u+u/ &k&n rus&k. In,erferon ,id&k

di+u&, k&ren& VP-= "en$$&n$$u /&"pir se,i&p #&n$k&/ d&#&" proses. Se#

d&r&/ pu,i/ ,er)e+&k di d&#&" sis,e" pered&r&n d&r&/ k&ren& s(P "e"+&,&si

$er&k&n. ?&krof&$ d&n "onosi, "e#ep&sk&n kok,&i# si,okin proinf#&"&si 1&n$

"erus&k endo,e#iu" pe"+u#u/ d&r&/5 ,e,&pi )u$& "en$&k,ifk&n k&sk&de

ko&$u#&si. H&# ini "ene"p&,k&n ,u+u/ p&sien d&#&" ke&d&&n p&r&doks di "&n&

p&sien +is& "&,i &ki+&, s1ok /ipo4o#e"ik d&ri perd&r&/&n "&sif5 &,&u d&ri

,ro"+osis5 pe"+en,uk&n +eku&n d&r&/ di ,u+u/.'=52%

E. GEJALA KLINIS

(e)&#& &&# 1&n$ di,i"+u#k&n o#e/ E+o#& s&"& den$&n $e)&#&

Inf#uen3&5 1&i,u< de"&"5 "en$$i$i# d&n s&ki, kep&#&5 n1eri o,o, d&n n&fsu

"&k&n /i#&n$. De"&" +erd&r&/ "is,erius ini per,&"& k&#i dideskripsik&n p&d&

2 ou,+re&k ,&/un '%065 per,&"& di Sud&n se#&,&n d&n se#&n)u,n1& di G&ire u,&r&5

'6

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


sek&r&n$ +er&d& di Repu+#ik Kon$o. A$en k&us&,if ,e#&/ diiso#&si d&ri p&sien

p&d& kedu& d&er&/ ende"ik d&n din&"&k&n E+o#& 4irus.65''5'6

(e)&#& ini "unu# se,e#&/ - /&ri ,erinfeksi.

'. Se,e#&/ i,u 4irus E+o#& "u#&i +erep#ik&si. Virus E+o#& "en1er&n$ d&r&/.

Se# d&r&/ 1&n$ "&,i &k&n "en1u"+&, k&pi#er d&r&/ d&n "en1e+&+k&n

ku#i, "e"&r5 "e#epu/ +&/k&n #&ru, seper,i ker,&s +&s&/.

2. P&d& /&ri ke86 d&r&/ ke#u&r d&i "&,&5 /idun$5 d&n ,e#in$&. Se#&in i,u

penderi,& "e"un,&/k&n &ir&n /i,&" 1&n$ "erup&k&n )&rin$&n d&#&"

,u+u/ 1&n$ /&nur.-. P&d& /&ri ke8% +i&s&n1& penderi,& "enin$$&# duni&.'75'65-

Virus E+o#& "&suk ke /os, pri"er "e#&#ui per"uk&&n "ukos& &,&u

ku#i, 1&n$ &+r&si5 den$&n ke+&n1&k&n infeksi p&d& "&nusi& ,er)&di se,e#&/

kon,&k #&n$sun$ den$&n p&sien &,&u &d&4er. Terd&p&, pu#& +e+er&p& k&sus di

"&n& pe"+uru )u$& ,erinfeksi se,e#&/ "&k&n d&$in$ 1&n$ ,erkon,&"in&si di

/u,&n. Ke+&n1&k&n ou,+re&k E+o#& ,erpus&, di ru"&/ s&ki, di Afrik& 1&n$ "&n&

ke+ersi/&n d&n s&ni,&si "erup&k&n /&# 1&n$ "e&/. N&"un5 di ru"&/ s&ki,

"odern den$&n )&ru" dispos&+#e d&n pen$e,&/u&n ,en,&n$ /1$iene d&n ,eknik

keper&&,&n5 4irus ini )&r&n$ "en1e+&r d&#&" sk&#& #u&s. Tr&ns"isi "e#&#ui

ud&r& di &n,&r& "on1e, dide"ons,r&sik&n se#&"& ou,+re&k d&ri 4irus Res,on

E+o#& di Vir$ini&5 ,e,&pi ,erd&p&, +uk,i 1&n$ ,er+&,&s ,en,&n$ ,r&ns"isi "e#&#ui

ud&r& p&d& epide"i "&nusi&.'75'65-'

S&#&/ s&,u &#&s&n "en$&p& E+o#& s&n$&, +er+&/&1& &d&#&/ si"p,o"n1&

+er4&ri&si d&n "unu# ep&,5 "en1erup&i infeksi 4irus #&in se/in$$& de"&"

+erd&r&/ e+o#& ,id&k d&p&, didi&$nosis den$&n ep&,. Se&r& u"u"5 onse, d&ri

s1"p,o" "en$iku,i periode inku+&si s#e&"& 2 82' /&ri d&n dik&r&k,eris,ikk&n

den$&n de"&" ,in$$i5 "en$$i$i#5 d&n n1eri sendi. T&nd& se#&n)u,n1& d&ri

infeksi "en$idik&sik&n ke,er#i+&,&n +er+&$&i sis,e" ,er"&suk "&nifes,&si

'0

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


$&s,roin,es,in&# :"u&#5 "un,&/5 di&re;5 respir&si :n1eri d&d&5 +&,uk;5 d&n

neuro#o$i :n1eri kep&#&;. H&# 1&n$ dis&1&n$k&n d&ri si"p,o"8si"p,o" ini

&d&#&/ "ud&/ un,uk s&#&/ di&$nosis den$&n "&#&ri&5 de"&" ,ifoid5 disen,ri5

inf#uen3&5 &,&u +er+&$&i infeksi +&k,eri5 1&n$ "&n& se"u&n1& ,e)&di di d&er&/

di "&n& ,erd&p&, E+o#&.-'5-2

Se,e#&/ "unu# s1"p,o" &&#5 de"&" +i&s&n1& "enin$k&, d&n

"en1e+&+k&n ke&d&&n serius seper,i di&re5 +u&n$ &ir +es&r +er&rn& $e#&p &,&u

/i,&"5 "un,&/ d&r&/5 "&,& "er&/ 1&n$ +er/u+un$&n den$&n dis,ensi d&n

perd&r&/&n &r,eri sk#ero,ik5 pe,eki5 r&s/ "&ku#op&pu#&r5 d&n purpur&.

Ke+&n1&k&n ,erd&p&, perd&r&/&n $&s,roin,es,in&# d&ri "u#u, d&n re,u".

In,ern&# d&n eks,ern&# perd&r&/&n d&ri #u+&n$ seper,i /idun$ d&n "u#u, dp&&,

,er)&di. Seirin$ den$&n pro$esi4i,&s 4irus5 perd&r&/&n di o,&k d&p&,

"en1e+&+k&n depresi +er&,5 ke)&n$5 d&n de#iriu".-'5-2

Ren,&n$ &k,u d&ri onse, s1"p,o" /in$$& ke"&,i&n +erkis&r &n,&r& 6 O

'6 /&ri. P&d& "in$$u kedu& infeksi5 p&sien d&p&, "en$&#&"i pen1e"+u/&n

,o,&# &,&u ,erd&p&, ke$&$&#&n s1s,e" "u#,ior$&n. L&)u "or,&#i,&s se&r& u"u"

,in$$i5 +erkis&r &n,&r& = O % > ,er$&n,un$ d&ri s,r&in spesifik. Pen1e+&+ d&ri

ke"&,i&n &d&#&/ s1ok /ipo4o#e"ik &,&u ke$&$&#&n or$&n.--

Viru#ensi 4irus E+o#& p&d& "&nusi& &d&#&/ +er4&ri&si d&n ,er$&n,un$

p&d& spesies &,&u s,r&inF 4&ri&+i#i,&s 1&n$ s&"& ,&"p&kn1& ,errek&pi,u#&si +&ik

p&d& pri"&,& non8"&nusi&. D&#&" $enus E+o#& 4irus5 infeksi den$&n spesies

4irus E+o#& G&ire "e"i#iki ,in$k&, f&,&#i,&s k&sus ,er,in$$i :68%>; diiku,i

o#e/ or&n$8or&n$ den$&n infeksi spesies 4irus E+o#& Sud&n :786>;. A,&s

d&s&r s&,u &+&/5 ,in$k&, f&,&#i,&s k&sus un,uk infeksi re$&n$&n Bundi+u$1o

diperkir&k&n /&n1& 2=>. S&,u8s&,un1& #&por&n p&sien 1&n$ ,erinfeksi 4irus

P&n,&i (&din$ E+o#& "en)&di s&ki, ,&pi se#&"&,. Se+&$&i per+&ndin$&n5 ,in$k&,

f&,&#i,&s k&sus un,uk infeksi 4irus ?&r+ur$ di Afrik& &d&#&/ 08=> ,e,&pi )&u/

'

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


#e+i/ rend&/ d&#&" &+&/ di Erop& p&d& ,&/un '%605 den$&n ,in$k&, f&,&#i,&s

k&sus /&n1& 22>. Tin$k&, rend&/ ini "eni"+u#k&n speku#&si +&/& per&&,&n

in,ensif 1&n$ ,ep&, den$&n ,er&pi supor,if &k&n "enin$k&,k&n ,in$k&,

ke#&n$sun$&n /idup p&sien 1&n$ ,erinfeksi. Hipo,esis ini su#i, un,uk di$u)i

k&ren& kondisi #&p&n$&n 1&n$ ker&s d&n di#e"& e,ik& ,en,&n$ ,id&k "e"+erik&n

per&&,&n kep&d& +e+er&p& p&sien. Virus E+o#& Res,on di&n$$&p p&,o$enik

un,uk "&nusi&5 ,e,&pi ,es #&+or&,oriu" ,e#&/ "endoku"en,&sik&n

,er)&din1& infeksi.65'65--

F. DIAGNOSA

Ke,ik& "e"+u&, di&$nosis E+o#&5 dok,er &k&n +er,&n1& ,en,&n$ ri&1&,

kese/&,&n p&sien d&n "e#&kuk&n pe"eriks&&n fisik. Di&$nos& &&# E+o#& +is&

su#i,5 k&ren& f&k,& +&/& $e)&#& &&# E+o#& d&p&, serup& den$&n 1&n$ ,er#i/&,

den$&n kondisi "edis #&inn1&. Dok,er "un$kin "e"in,& ,es #&+or&,oriu" 1&n$

d&p&, "en$iden,ifik&si 4irus i,u sendiri &,&u &n,i+odi 1&n$ "e"+u&, ,u+u/

un,uk "e#&&n 4irus E+o#&. ?endi&$nosis de"&" E+o#& &&# p&d& seseor&n$

+is& su#i,. Seseor&n$ 1&n$ ,e#&/ ,erinfeksi /&n1& +e+er&p& /&ri &k&n "en$&#&"i

$e)&#& &&# E+o#&5 seper,i "&,& "er&/ d&n ru&" ku#i,5 1&n$ ,id&k spesifik un,uk

4irus E+o#& d&n ,er#i/&, p&d& p&sien #&in den$&n kondisi 1&n$ ,er)&di )&u/ #e+i/

serin$. N&"un5 +i#& $e)&#& 1&n$ di)e#&sk&n ,&di sud&/ ,er#i/&, )e#&s5 se+&ikn1&

se$er& iso#&si p&sien d&n /u+un$i Dep&r,e"en Kese/&,&n se,e"p&,.7565-7

V&ri&+e# #&+or&,oriu" kur&n$ +erk&r&k,eris,ik ,e,&pi ,e"u&n +eriku, ini

serin$ dik&i,k&n den$&n Ebola haemorrhagic fever < #eukopeni& &&# : '.

se# per uL; den$&n #i"fopeni& d&n se#&n)u,n1& neu,rofi#i&5 +er$eser ke kiri

den$&n #i"fosi, &,ipik&#5 ,ro"+osi,openi& :=8' se# per uL;5

konsen,r&si seru" &"ino,r&nsfer&se 1&n$ s&n$&, ,in$$i :&sp&r,&,

&"ino,r&nsfer&se +i&s&n1& "e#e+i/i S(PT;5 /iperpro,eine"i&5 d&n pro,einuri&.

Pro,ro"+in d&n ,ro"+op#&s,in p&rsi&# "e"&n)&n$ d&n produk pe"e&/&n

'%

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


fi+rin 1&n$ ,erde,eksi5 "enun)ukk&n difus ko&$u#op&,i in,r&4&sku#&r. D&#&"

,&/&p se#&n)u,n1&5 infeksi +&k,eri sekunder d&p&, "en$&ki+&,k&n )u"#&/

penin$k&,&n se# d&r&/ pu,i/.65-7

G.PEMERIKSAAN PENUNJANG

Infeksi 4irus E+o#& /&n1& d&p&, didi&$nosis se&r& defeni,if d&#&"

#&+or&,uriu" den$&n se)u"#&/ ,es 1&n$ +er+ed&5 "enuru, Qor#d He&#,/

9r$&ni3&,ion<-=5-6

&. Ess&1 en3i"8#inked i""unosor+en, :ELIGA;

+. Tes de,eksi &n,i$en. Tes ne,r&#is&si seru"

d. Re4ere ,r&nsrip,&se po#i"er&se /&in :RT8P!R; ess&1

e. Iso#&si 4irus den$&n ku#,ur se#

Pen$u)i&n p&d& s&"pe# p&d& p&sien "erup&k&n +io/&3&rd :resiko

,er/&d&p kese/&,&n "&nusi& &,&u #in$kun$&n 1&n$ ,i"+u# d&ri ker)& +io#o$is;

eks,ri" d&n /&n1& +o#e/ di #&kuk&n d&#&" kondisi pen&/&n&n +io#o$is

"&ksi"u".65-6

K&sus 1&n$ p&r&/ "e"er#uk&n per&&,&n supor,if in,esif. P&sien serin$

"en$&#&"i de/idr&si d&n "e"+u,u/k&n &ir&n in,r&4en& &,&u re/idr&si or&#

den$&n #&ru,&n 1&n$ "en$&ndun$ e#ek,ro#i,.'575-6

Den$&n ,id&k &d&n1& pen$o+&,&n 1&n$ efek,if d&n 4&ksin "&nusi&5

"enin$k&,k&n kes&d&r&n ,er/&d&p f&k,or infeksi E+o#& d&n up&1& per#indun$&n

indi4idu &d&#&/ s&,u8s&,un1& &r& un,uk "en$ur&n$i infeksi d&n ke"&,i&n.

Un,uk "ende,eksi &p&k&/ seseor&n$ ,erinfeksi 4irus E+o#&5 d&p&, di#&kuk&n

pen$u)i&n &n,i$en8&p,ure en31"e8#inked i""unosor+en, &ss&1 :ELISA;5 I$(

ELISA5 po#1"er&se /&in re&,ion :P!R;5 d&n "en$iso#&si 4irus E+o#& 1&n$

+is& di#&kuk&n un,uk "en$e,&/ui &d&n1& 4irus E+o#& d&#&" ,u+u/ "&nusi&.75-6

Un,uk de,eksi ,es &n,i+odi 1&n$ p&#in$ u"u" di$un&k&n &d&#&/ I$(

dire, d&n I$? ELISA d&n I$? capture ELISA. An,i+odi I$? d&p&, "unu#

p&d& 2 /&ri per,&"& se,e#&/ ,i"+u#n1& $e)&#& d&n "en$/i#&n$ &n,&r& - d&n

'6 /&ri se,e#&/ infeksi. An,i+odi I$( spesifik +erke"+&n$ &n,&r& /&ri 6 d&n '

2

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


se,e#&/ onse, d&n +er,&/&n se#&"& +er,&/un8,&/un. A I$? &,&u ,i,er I$(

"enin$k&, "erup&k&n du$&&n ku&, di&$nosis. Penurun&n I$?5 &,&u

"enin$k&,k&n ,i,er I$( :e"p&, k&#i #ip&,;5 &,&u kedu&n1&5 d&#&" s&"pe# seru"

+er,uru,8,uru, s&n$&, "en1okon$ d&ri infeksi +&ru. Se"u& ,es ini d&p&,

di#&kuk&n p&d& "&,eri 1&n$ ,e#&/ "en1e+&+k&n non8infeksi. !&r& 1&n$ efisien

un,uk "en$in&k,i4&si un,uk 4irus de,eksi &n,i$en d&n &n,i+odi &d&#&/ den$&n

pen$$un&&n r&di&si $&""& d&ri su"+er ko+&#,86 &,&u in&k,i4&si p&n&s.

De"iki&n pu#&5 &s&" nuk#e&, d&p&, diperku&, den$&n pe"urni&n RNA 4irus

d&ri +&/&n 1&n$ dio+&,i den$&n $u&nidiniu" iso,/io1&n&,e8 se+u&/ /&o,ropi

ki"i& 1&n$ "enden&,ur&si pro,ein 4irus d&n "e"+u&, s&"pe# non8infeksi.'2

H.PENGOBATAN

S&"p&i den$&n s&&, ini5 +e#u" di,e"uk&n 4&ksin 1&n$ +is& "ene$&/

infeksi o#e/ 4irus E+o#&. Ak&n ,e,&pi sek&r&n$ sed&n$ di ke"+&n$k&n

pe"+u&,&n 4&ksin 1&n$ &k&n diu)ik&n kep&d& "&nusi& un,uk per,&"& k&#in1&

&d&#&/ 4&ksin 1&n$ sud&/ "e"&suki f&se u)i8k#inis. ?enuru, S&n/e35 infeksi

4irus E+o#& di d&#&" ,u+u/ "&nusi& "e"&n$ +is& s&n$&, "e"&,ik&n5 ,&pi

"on1e, +er/&si# se#&"&, d&ri infeksi 4irus ,erse+u, d&n ini +is& "en)&di on,o/

1&n$ s&n$&, +er"&nf&&, +&$i u)i8o+& ,er/&d&p +in&,&n$. Pen$u)i&n 4&ksin

E+o#& den$&n "en$$un&k&n pri"&,& "e"+erik&n perke"+&n$&n 1&n$

"en)&n)ik&n +&$i /&dirn1& 4&ksin pe#indun$. Ad& +e+er&p& /&# 1&n$

"en1e+&+k&n pen1e+&r&n pen1&ki, E+o#& :De"&" Berd&r&/ E+o#&; s&n$&,

dik/&&,irk&n5 &n,&r& #&in<-0

'. Ser&n$&nn1& "unu# se&r& s&n$&, "end&d&k

2. (e)&#&8$e)&#& k#inik s&n$&, +er&,.

-. ?eni"+u#k&n ke"&,i&n d&#&" &k,u 1&n$ s&n$&, sin$k&,.

7. An$k& ke"&,i&nn1& s&n$&, ,in$$i 1&i,u %8%2> d&ri )u"#&/ penderi,&.

=. K&ren& Virus E+o#& "&"pu +erpind&/ d&ri penderi,& ke or&n$ #&in5

se/in$$& ,r&nspor,&si s&n$&, "endukun$ ke"un$kin&n pen1e+&r&nn1&

ke +er+&$&i +&$i&n duni& d&#&" &k,u 1&n$ s&n$&, sin$k&,.

2'

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


6. Be#u" &d& o+&, 1&n$ efek,if un,uk "en1e"+u/k&n De"&" Berd&r&/

E+o#&.0. V&ksin De"&" Berd&r&/ E+o#& :DBE; /in$$& kini +e#u" d&p&, di+u&,

Re/&+i#i,&si +&$i "&n,&n penderi,& &ki+&, ,erinfeksi 4irus E+o#& +is&

di#&kuk&n den$&n ,id&k "en$&sin$k&n p&r& penderi,&. K&ren& "enuru, p&r&

&/#i5 se+&$i&n +es&r ke"&,i&n 1&n$ dise+&+k&n o#e/ 4irus E+o#& di se+&+k&n

o#e/ &d&n1& ,ek&n& se&r& psiko#o$is. Ap&+i#& ki,& "en$&sin$k&n d&n "en)&u/i

p&r& penderi,& &,&u "&n,&n penderi,& 4irus E+o#&5 )us,ru /&# ini &k&n se"&kin

"e"per+uruk kondisi kese/&,&n penderi,& ,erse+u,. Un,uk i,u#&/ diper#uk&n

up&1& re/&+i#i,&si 1&n$ in,ensif ,er/&d&p p&r& penderi,& 4irus E+o#& &$&r

kondisi fisik d&n psiko#o$isn1& ,e,&p s,&+i#5 se/in$$& &k&n "e"+erik&n

"o,i4&si kep&d& p&sien ,erse+u, un,uk seep&,n1& +is& se"+u/ d&ri pen1&ki,

1&n$ dise+&+k&n o#e/ 4irus E+o#&.'565-0

Ak&n ,e,&pi5 proses re/&+i#i,&si ini ,en,un1& /&rus di#&kuk&n se&r& /&,i8

/&,i d&n #e+i/ &sp&d&5 "en$in$&, 4irus E+o#& +is& "enu#&r den$&n s&n$&,

ep&, d&ri penderi,& kep&d& or&n$ #&in "e#&#ui kon,&k. Re/&+i#i,&si )u$&

se+&ikn1& di#&kuk&n di ,e"p&, 1&n$ +en&r8+en&r s,eri#5 &,&u p&d& ru&n$ iso#&si

k/usus se/in$$& +is& "en$ur&n$i kon,&"in&si 1&n$ +is& dise+&+k&n o#e/ 4irus

E+o#&.'5-0

P&r& pene#i,i "&si/ di+in$un$k&n o#e/ &d&n1& +e+er&p& or&n$ p&sien

1&n$ d&p&, pu#i/ d&ri EH* d&n se+&$i&n #&$i ,id&k. ?un$kin ini dise+&+k&n

o#e/ respon i"un 1&n$ +er+ed& d&ri ,i&p or&n$ ,er/&d&p 4irus. Se+en&rn1&5

,id&k &d& per&&,&n k/usus ,er/&d&p p&sien EH*. P&r& p&sien /&n1& di+eri

,er&pi supor,if5 1&n$ +erup& pen1ei"+&n$&n &ir&n d&n e#ek,ro#i, d&#&" ,u+u/

p&sien5 penin$k&,&n )u"#&/ oksi$en5 penin$k&,&n ,ek&n&n d&r&/ d&n per&&,&n

d&ri pen1&ki, ko"p#ik&si #&in 1&n$ "un$kin ,i"+u#.25-0

Sek&r&n$ ,e#&/ dike"+&n$k&n su&,u 4&ksin 1&n$ +er+&sis reko"+in&n

4irus s,o"&,i,is Vesiku#&r &,&u reko"+in&n Adeno4irus 1&n$ "e"+&&

22

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


(#ikopro,ein E+o#& p&d& per"uk&&n1&. P&d& ,&/un 2- se+en&rn1& ,e#&/

dike"+&n$k&n 4&ksin NIAID5 n&"un ,id&k "e"+&& /&si# sukses.

?&s&#&/n1& k&ren& pe"+eri&n 4&ksin 1&n$ ,er#&"+&, :'87 /&ri se,e#&/ $e)&#&

"unu#; se/in$$& ,u+u/ p&sien sud&/ ,er#&#u p&r&/ un,uk dio+&,i.-

I$v!ti%ai P!$%obata$

Ri+&4irin5 o+&, 1&n$ di1&kini "en$$&n$$u &ppin$ d&ri "RNA 4irus

d&n ,e#&/ di$un&k&n un,uk "en$o+&,i de"&" +erd&r&/ 4irus 1&n$ dise+&+k&n

o#e/ 4irus +un1& &ren&4iruses d&n ,id&k "e"i#iki in4i,ro &,&u efek in84i4o p&d&

fi#o4irus. 9#e/ k&ren& po,ensi efek s&"pin$ 1&n$ p&r&/ 1&n$ +er/u+un$&n

den$&n o+&,5 ri+&4irin ,id&k di&n)urk&n un,uk 4irus infeksi E+o#&. Berken&&n

den$&n per&&,&n +er+&sis RNA5 s,r&,e$i un,uk "en$$&n$$u ,r&nskripsi d&n

rep#ik&si ,er"&suk pen$$un&&n o#i$onuk#eo,id& &n,isense &,&u in,erferensi

RNA. Pendek&,&n ini &,&s d&s&r ke+er/&si#&n d&#&" ,ikus d&n pri"&,& non8

"&nusi& 1&n$ ,erinfeksi 4irus E+o#& G&ire. Pendek&,&n in,erferensi RNA d&n

&n,isense o#i$onu#eo,ide+&sed "un$kin di+&,&si o#e/ uru,&n un,uk spesies

4irus E+o#& ,er,en,u5 1&n$ "un$kin ,id&k dike,&/ui p&d& ,&/&p &&# &+&/.

Se#&in i,u5 ,er&pi ini s&&, ini dis&"p&ik&n se&r& in,r&4en& +is& "eni"+u#k&n

,&n,&n$&n #o$is,ik di d&er&/ ,erpeni# &+&/.'-5'7

Pen$o+&,&n ke#&in&n ko&$u#&si d&#&" infeksi 4irus E+o#& /&rus

diper,i"+&n$k&n. Deri4&, Ne"&,od& pro,ein &n,iko&$u#&n rNAP2 ,e#&/

"enun)ukk&n --> k/&si&, d&#&" pen$o+&,&n pri"&,& non8"&nusi& 1&n$

,erinfeksi G&ire E+o#& 4irus. *or"&si D8di"er ,e#&/ diiden,ifik&si se+&$&i

peris,i& &&# se#&"& infeksi 4irus E+o#& di "&nusi& non8

pri"&,& d&n d&p&, di$un&k&n se+&$&i pen&nd& un,uk pen$o+&,&n. K&ren& ,&r$e,

sin1&# rNAP2 ,eru,&"& "e#&#ui pe"+eku&n d&r&/ )&#ur eks,rinsik5 "&nf&&,

,&"+&/&n 1&n$ d&p&, dipero#e/ den$&n in/i+i,or f&k,or 5 se/in$$&

"en&r$e,k&n )&#ur 1&n$ p&#in$ u"u" "e#&#ui )&#ur pe"+eku&n d&r&/ eks,rinsik

d&n in,rinsik. Su+s,i,usi #&in d&ri pro,ein ! "un$kin "en$un,un$k&n &k,i4&si

s&#&/ s&,u "ek&nis"e &n,iko&$u#&n pen,in$ d&#&" d&r&/. H&si#

d&ri se+u&/ pene#i,i&n "enun)ukk&n +&/& pen$o+&,&n "on1e, r/esus 1&n$

2-

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


,erinfeksi den$&n 4irus E+o#& G&ire den$&n "&nusi& di&k,ifk&n reko"+in&n

pro,ein ! "en$&ki+&,k&n +e+er&p& per#indun$&n p&d& /e&n5 1&n$ konsis,en

den$&n ke#&n$sun$&n /idup 1&n$ direk&" den$&n rNAP2. Se"u& o+&, ini

,e#&/ dise,u)ui un,uk &p#ik&si 1&n$ +er+ed& p&d& "&nusi& d&n d&p&, den$&n

"ud&/ d&n &"&n di$un&k&n d&#&" ke&d&&n d&rur&,.'-5'7

V&ksin reko"+in&n ,er/&d&p 4irus E+o#& +erd&s&rk&n 4irus s,o"&,i,is

4esiku#&r ,e#&/ "enun)ukk&n ke$un&&n 1&n$ #u&r +i&s& ke,ik& di+erik&n

se+&$&i pen$o+&,&n p&s& p&)&n&n ,er/&d&p de"&" +erd&r&/ E+o#& p&d&

pri"&,& non8"&nusi& ,erinfeksi 4irus E+o#& G&ire d&n Sud&n E+o#& 4irus.

D&#&" pene#i,i&n #&+or&,oriu"5 reko"+in&n 4irus s,o"&,i,is 4esiku#&r

"en$ekspresik&n $#ikopro,ein 4irus G&ire E+o#& 1&n$ di+erik&n kep&d& &ni,&

se$er& se,e#&/ ,erp&p&r den$&n 4irus G&ire E+o#&. P&sien 1&n$ "en$&#&"i

de"&"5 s&ki, kep&#&5 d&n "i&#$i& +e+er&p& )&" se,e#&/ in)eksi5 +er/&si#

dikend&#ik&n den$&n &n&#$esik d&n &n,ipire,ik. Efek s&"pin$ #&inn1& ,id&k

di#&pork&n5 n&"un &p&k&/ pen$o+&,&n i,u efek,if &,&u p&sien ,id&k pern&/

"end&p&, infeksi den$&n 4irus "&si/ +e#u" )e#&s.'=5-%57

I.PENCEGAHAN

Pene$&/&n penu#&r&n pen1&ki, E+o#& 1&n$ &n,&r& #&in<7'

&. ?en$/ind&ri +eper$i&n ke d&er&/ 1&n$ ,en$&/ di#&nd& &+&/ E+o#& &,&u

d&er&/ 1&n$ "e"i#iki ri&1&, &+&/ E+o#&.

+. ?en$/ind&ri kon,&k den$&n &ir&n ,u+u/ p&sienor&n$ 1&n$ ,erinfeksi

E+o#& seper,i d&r&/5 feses5 &ir #iur5 &ir&n "un,&/&n5 &ir kenin$5 +&/k&n

kerin$&,.. Tid&k +er/u+un$&n #&n$sun$ :+ersen,u/&n; den$&n p&sien E+o#&. Bi#&

,erp&ks& /&rus kon,&k #&n$sun$ :d&#&" k&sus "e"+&n,u kor+&n pen1&ki,

E+o#&; /&rus "en$$un&k&n pe#indun$ diri :pro,eksi diri; seper,i k&& "&,&5

"&sker5 p&k&i&n k/usus5 sep&,u +oo, d&n s&run$ ,&n$&n.

P&r& pene#i,i "&si/ di+in$un$k&n o#e/ &d&n1& +e+er&p& or&n$ p&sien

1&n$ d&p&, pu#i/ d&ri EH* :E+o#& He"orr/&$i *e4er; d&n se+&$i&n #&$i ,id&k.

27

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


?un$kin ini dise+&+k&n o#e/ o#e/ respon i"un 1&n$ +er+ed& d&ri ,i&p or&n$

,er/&d&p 4irus.'5-572

Se+en&rn1&5 ,id&k &d& per&&,&n k/usus ,er/&d&p p&sien EH*. P&r&

p&sien /&n1& di+eri ,er&pi supor,if5 1&n$ +erup& pen1ei"+&n$&n &ir&n d&n

e#ek,ro#i, d&#&" ,u+u/ p&sien5 penin$k&,&n )u"#&/ oksi$en5 penin$k&,&n

,ek&n&n d&r&/ d&n per&&,&n d&ri pen1&ki, ko"p#ik&si #&in 1&n$ "un$kin

,i"+u#.'5-

Sek&r&n$ ,e#&/ dike"+&n$k&n su&,u 4&ksin 1&n$ +er+&sis reko"+in&n

4irus s,o"&,i,is Vesiku#&r &,&u reko"+in&n Adeno4irus 1&n$ "e"+&&

(#ikopro,ein E+o#& p&d& per"uk&&n1&. P&d& ,&/un 2- se+en&rn1& ,e#&/

dike"+&n$k&n 4&ksin NIAID5 n&"un ,id&k "e"+&& /&si# sukses.

?&s&#&/n1& k&ren& pe"+eri&n 4&ksin 1&n$ ,er#&"+&, :'87 /&ri se,e#&/ $e)&#&

"unu#; se/in$$& ,u+u/ p&sien sud&/ ,er#&#u p&r&/ un,uk dio+&,i.72

K&ren& sif&,n1& 1&n$ s&n$&, "e"&,ik&n5 up&1& "e"produksi d&n

"en$u)i 4&ksin E+o#& s&n$&,#&/ su#i, di#&kuk&n o#e/ p&r& &/#i. S&#&/ s&,u f&k,or

1&n$ "en$/&"+&, pene#i,i&n 4&ksin E+o#& ini &d&#&/ "ini"n1& f&si#i,&s

per#indun$&n #&+or&,oriu" 1&n$ +is& "e#indun$i s,&f pene#i,i.7'572

Hin$$& kini5 +e#u" di,e"uk&n pen1e"+u/ 4irus 1&n$ "e"i#iki

ke"un$kin&n ke"&,i&n =8%> i,u.4irus E+o#& "&"pu "enu#&r d&ri s&,u

"&nusi& ke "&nusi& #&in /&n1& den$&n kon,&k #&n$sun$ s&)&. Un,uk i,u

pene$&/&n ,er/&d&p pen1&ki, infeksi E+o#& ini pun ukup su#i,.&n$ p&#in$

,eru,&"& &d&#&/ "en$/ind&ri kon,&k #&n$sun$ den$&n or&n$ 1&n$ ,erinfeksi

4irus E+o#& se+is& "un$kin. Ap&+i#& &d& &n$$o,& ke#u&r$& ,erinfeksi 4irus ini

s&n$&, di&n)urk&n &$&r or&n$ ,erse+u, dir&&, di ru"&/ s&ki,. Be$i,u )u$&

&p&+i#& &d& ,e"&n &nd& 1&n$ "enin$$&# &ki+&, pen1&ki, ini5 us&/&k&n )&n$&n

&d& kon,&k #&n$sun$ den$&nn1&.=

Ad&pun = ,&/&p&n pene$&/&n pen1&ki, E+o#& d&#&" #in$kun$&n

"&s1&r&k&, &n,&r& #&in <'52

&. Health Promotion

2=

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


Pendidik&n kese/&,&n p&d& "&s1&r&k&, un,uk "e#&kuk&n peru+&/&n

pri#&ku un,uk /idup +ersi/ d&n se/&, ser,& "enin$k&,k&n /i$ien pri+&di

d&n s&ni,&si #in$kun$&n d&#&" #in$kun$&n "&s1&r&k&, d&n seki,&rn1&

+. Early Diagnosis

Pro$r&" pene"u&n penderi,& "e#&#ui sur4e1 p&d& ke#o"pok O

ke#o"pok 1&n$ +erisiko &,&u p&d& popu#&si u"u" d&n ped& pe#&por&n

k&sus.

. Spesific protection

?en$/ind&ri diri d&ri $i$i,&n ser&n$$& 5+erus&/& un,uk ,id&k per$i ke

d&er&/ 1&n$ kur&n$ pen1in&r&n "&,&/&ri d&n ,erd&p&, +in&,&n$ &,&upun

ser&n$$& 1&n$ "en)&di su"+er penu#&r&n pen1&ki, ,erse+u, un,uk

"en$/ind&ri ,er)&din1& ko"p#ik&si pen1&ki, d&n pen1e+&r #u&sn1&

pen1&ki, ,erse+u, d&#&" "&s1&r&k&,.

d. Disability limitation

Ter&pi ko"p#eks p&d& penderi,& E+o#& &$&r ,id&k ,er)&di ke"&,i&n

den$&n "en&"+&/ konsen,r&si "inu" penderi,& &$&r ,id&k ,er)&di

de/idr&si ser,& up&1& penin$k&,&n keke+&#&n ,u+u/ ke#o"pok.

e. Rehabilitation

Pendidik&n kese/&,&n kep&d& p&r& penderi,& +eser,& ke#u&r$& ser,&

di#&kuk&nn1& re/&+i#i,&si fisik d&n psiko#o$is p&d& k&sus d&n penderi,&

pen1&ki, E+o#&.

26

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


BAB III

PENUTUP

De"&" Berd&r&/ E+o#& : Ebola Hemorraghic Fever ; &d&#&/ pen1&ki,

dise+&+k&n o#e/ su&,u 4irus 1&n$ ,er"&suk ked&#&" $enus E+o#&4irus5

ke#u&r$& *i#o4irid&e. Ad& e"p&, )enis 4irus E+o#&5 1&i,u 4irus E+o#&8G&ire5

4irus E+o#&8Sud&n5 4irus E+o#&8I4or1 d&n 4irus E+o#& Res,on. Un,uk

"ende,eksi 4irus E+o#&5 d&p&, di#&kuk&n pen$u)i&n &n,i$en8&p,ure en31"e8

#inked i""unosor+en, &ss&1 :ELISA;5 I$( ELISA5 po#1"er&se /&in re&,ion

:P!R;.

(e)&#& de"&" E+o#& "e#ipu,i< r&d&n$ sendi5 s&ki, pun$$un$5 di&re5

ke#e#&/&n5 s&ki, kep&#&5 r&s& ,id&k en&k +&d&n5 keron$kon$&n ,er&s& s&n$&,

s&ki,5 d&n "un,&/8"un,&/. P&d& $e)&#& &k/ir5 de"&" e+o#& d&p&, "enu)ukk&n

$e)&#& seper,i< $&,&#8$&,&#5 pend&r&/&n d&ri "&,&5 ,e#in$&5 d&n /idun$5

pend&r&/&n d&ri "u#u, d&n du+ur :pend&r&/&n $&s,roin,es,in&#;5 r&d&n$ p&d&

"&,& :on)un,i4i,is;5 +en$k&k p&d& or$&n $eni,&# :#&+i& d&n k&n,un$ +u&/ pe#ir

:sro,u";;5 ke#u&rn1& d&r&/ "e#&#ui per"uk&&n ku#i, :/e"orr/&$i;.

Virus E+o#& d&p&, "en1e+&r "e#&#ui pen$$un&&n )&ru" sun,ik 1&n$

,id&k dis,eri#k&n &,&u "e#&kuk&n kon,&k den$&n seseor&n$ 1&n$ ,erken& infeksi

&,&u "&1&, or&n$ 1&n$ sud&/ "enin$$$&# k&ren& ,erser&n$ 4irus E+o#&. Up&1&

pene$&/&n d&p&, di#&kuk&n den$&n< "en$/ind&ri &re& 1&n$ ,erken& ser&n$&n

4irus E+o#&5 ,id&k "e#&kuk&n kon,&k den$&n p&sien &,&u "&1&, 1&n$ ,er)&n$ki,

4irus E+o#&. S&"p&i den$&n s&&, ini5 +e#u" di,e"uk&n 4&ksin 1&n$ +is&

"ene$&/ infeksi o#e/ 4irus E+o#&.

DAFTAR PUSTAKA

'. *e#d"&nn H5 (eis+er, TQ. 2''. E+o#& /&r"orr/&$i fe4er. ancet

-00:%06;< 7%O62.

20

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


2. B&i3e S5 P&nne,ier D. 2'7. E"er$ene of G&ire E+o#& Virus Dise&se in

(uine& Pre#i"in&r1 Repor,. !he "e# England Journal of $edicine

'7<==

-. *e#d"&nn H. 2'7. E+o#&8A (roin$ Tre&,. T/e Ne En$#&nd Journ&# of

?ediine -=7<0 R&,&ns/i RP5 E#+ireer A. 2'7. E+o#& 9u,+re&k ResponseF

E@periene &nd De4e#op"en, of Sreenin$ Too#s for Vir&# H&e"orr/&$i

*e4er :VH*; in & HIV !en,er of E@e##ene Ne&r ,o VH* Epien,res.

P%S %"E %<0.

7. 9#e)nik J5 A#onso J5 S/"id, K?. 2'-. E+o#& Virus Does No, B#ok

Apop,o,i Si$n&#in$ P&,/&1s. Journal of virologi p. =-78=-%6

=. S/ed#ok DJ5 A4i#es J5 T&#+o,, KT. 2'-. Indu,ion of Bro&d !1,o,o@i T

!e##s +1 Pro,e,i4e DNA V&in&,ion A$&ins, ?&r+ur$ &nd E+o#&.

$olecular !herapy < '7-28'777

6. Bonne1 JH5 K&si ?95 Adiku TK. 2'-. Hospi,&#8B&sed Sur4ei##&ne for

Vir&# He"orr/&$i *e4ers &nd Hep&,i,ides in (/&n&. P%S "eglected

!ropical Disease 4o# 0 issue %.

0. N&k&1&"& E5 S&i)o ?. 2'-. Ani"&# ?ode# for E+o#& &nd ?&r+ur$ Virus

Infe,ions. $icrobiology 4o#. 6 &r,i#e 260.

. So+&r3o A5 9/&1on DE. 2'7. Persis,en, I""une Responses &f,er E+o#&

Virus Infe,ion. !he "e# England Journal of $edicine. -6%<=

%. ?&r,ins KA5 S,effens JT5 Ton$eren SA. 2'7. To##8Like Reep,or A$onis,

Au$"en,s Virus8Like P&r,i#e8 ?edi&,ed Pro,e,ion fro" E+o#& Virus i,/

Tr&nsien, I""une A,i4&,ion. P%S %"E %<2

'. ?eredi,/ (. Di@on. 2'7. E+o#& Vir&# Dise&se 9u,+re&k Qes, Afri&5

2'7. $orbidity and $ortality &eekly Report 6-<2=

''. Jin H5 &n G5 Pr&+/&k&r BS5 *en$ G5 e, &#. 2'. T/e VP-= pro,ein of

E+o#& 4irus i"p&irs dendri,i e## "&,ur&,ion indued +1 4irus &nd

#ipopo#1s&/&ride. Journal of 'eneral (irology %'F-=28-6'.

'2. Rodd1 P5 Ho&rd N5 V&n Kerk/o4e ?D5 Lu,&"& J5 e, &#. 2'2. !#ini&#

?&nifes,&,ions &nd !&se ?&n&$e"en, of !&used +1 & Ne#1 Iden,ified

Virus S,r&in5 Bundi+u$1o. P%S %"E

2

8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


'-. S/u"&nn ?5 (&n,ke T5 &nd ?u/#+er$er E. 2%. E+o#& Virus VP-=

An,&$oni3es PKR A,i4i,1 ,/rou$/ I,s !8Ter"in&# In,erferon In/i+i,or1

Do"&in. Journal of (irology -:'0;< %%-8%%0.

'7. en J5 (&r&"s3e$i S5 (eis+er, JB5 Ru+ins KH5 e, &#. 2''. T/er&peu,is

of E+o#& He"orr/&$i *e4er< Q/o#e8(eno"e Tr&nsrip,ion&# An&#1sis

ofSuessfu# Dise&se ?i,i$&,ion. Journal of )nfectious Disease 27<S'7-O

S'=2.

'=. ?E#ro1 AK5 Erikson BR5 *#ie,s,r& TD5 Ro##in PE5 Ni/o# ST5 e, &#.

2'7. E+o#& He"orr/&$i *e4er< No4e# Bio"&rker !orre#&,es of !#ini&#

9u,o"e. Journal of )nfectious Disease 2'<==O66.

'6. H&&snoo, J5 Vries Q5 (eu,)es EJ5 Prins ?5 H&&n- P5 Berk/ou, B. 20. T/e

E+o#& Virus VP-= Pro,ein Is & Suppressor of RNA Si#enin$. Pos

Phatogens -:6;< e6 p 0%-8-.

'0. L1n ?. 9Brien5 ?&r$&re, (. S,okes5 S,ep/en (. Lonsd&#e5 D&4id R.

?&s#oski5 Sop/ie J. S"i,/er5 ?&rk S. Le4er5 T/o"&s R. L&s5 &nd S,u&r,

D. Perkins. V&in&,ion i,/ reo"+in&n, &deno4iruses e@pressin$ E+o#&

4irus $#1opro,ein e#ii,s pro,e,ion in ,/e in,erferon &#p/&+e,& reep,or

knok8ou, "ouse. (irology5 2'78-8'5 Vo#u"e 7=287=-5 P&$es -278---.

'. A##ison (rose,/5 Hein3 *e#d"&nn5 &nd J&"es E. S,ron$. T/e eo#o$1 of

E+o#& 4irus. !rends in $icrobiology5 208%8'5 Vo#u"e '=5 Issue %5

P&$es 787'6.

'%. ?&r,in& Truns/ke5 Do"inik !onr&d5 S4en En,er#ein5 Judi,/ 9#e)nik5

Kris,in& Br&u+ur$er5 &nd E#ke?/#+er$er . T/e LOVP-= &nd LOL

in,er&,ion do"&ins reside in ,/e &"ino ,er"inus of ,/e E+o#& 4irus L

pro,ein &nd &re po,en,i&# ,&r$e,s for &n,i4ir&#s. (irology5 2'-808=5

Vo#u"e 77'5 Issue 25 P&$es '-=8'7=.

2. Nirup&"&?u#/erk&r5 ?&,,/i)sR&&+en5 Ju&n !&r#os de #& Torre5 Se&n P.

Q/e#&n5 &nd K&r,ik!/&ndr&n. T/e E+o#& 4irus $#1opro,ein "edi&,es en,r1

4i& & non8#&ssi&# d1n&"in8dependen, "&ropino1,i p&,/&1. (irology5

2''8'82=5 Vo#u"e 7'%5 Issue 25 P&$es 028-.

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8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


2'. Su/i,& B/&,,&/&r11&5 Ke##1 L. Q&rfie#d5 (ordon Ru,/e#5 Sin&B&4&ri5 ?.

J&4&dA"&n5 &nd T/o"&s J. Hope. E+o#& 4irus uses #&,/rin8"edi&,ed

endo1,osis &s &n en,r1 p&,/&1. (irology5 2'8=82=5 Vo#u"e 7'5 Issue

'5 P&$es '82.

22. De4on J. S/ed#ok5 ?i/&e# A. B&i#e15 P&u# ?. Popern&k5 J&"es ?.

!unnin$/&"5 Dennis R. Bur,on5 &nd N&n1 J. Su##i4&n. An,i+od18"edi&,ed

neu,r&#i3&,ion of E+o#& 4irus &n our +1 ,o dis,in, "e/&nis"s.

(irology5 2'868=5 Vo#u"e 7'5 Issue 25 P&$es 2282-=.

2-. Kris/n&n Sund&r5 A$nies3k&Boesen5 &nd Ri/&rd !oio. !o"pu,&,ion&#

predi,ion &nd iden,ifi&,ion of HLA8A2.'8speifi E+o#& 4irus !TL

epi,opes. (irology5 20878'5 Vo#u"e -65 Issue 25 P&$es 2=0826-.

27. A1&,o T&k&d&5 Hideki E+i/&r&5 S,e4en Jones5 Hein3 *e#d"&nn5 &nd

os/i/iro K&&ok&. Pro,e,i4e effi&1 of neu,r&#i3in$ &n,i+odies &$&ins,

E+o#& 4irus infe,ion. (accine5 208'8225 Vo#u"e 2=5 Issue 65 P&$es %%-8

%%%.

2=. T/o"&s Q. (eis+er,5 K&,/#een ?. D&dd&rio8Di!&prio5 Jo&n B. (eis+er,5

Dou$#&s S. Reed5 *riederike*e#d"&nn5 A##en (ro##&5 U,e S,rW/er5 E#i3&+e,/

A. *ri,35 Lis& E. Hens#e15 S,e4en ?. Jones5 &nd Hein3 *e#d"&nn. Vesiu#&r

s,o"&,i,is 4irus8+&sed 4&ines pro,e, non/u"&n pri"&,es &$&ins, &eroso#

/&##en$e i,/ E+o#& &nd ?&r+ur$ 4iruses. (accine* 28'28%5 Vo#u"e

265 Issue =25 P&$es 6%786%.

26. L&ur& (. B&rrien,os5 &nd Pierre E. Ro##in. Re#e&se of e##u#&r pro,e&ses in,o

,/e &idi e@,r&e##u#&r "i#ieu e@&er+&,es E+o#& 4irus8indued e##

d&"&$e. (irology5 20828=5 Vo#u"e -=5 Issue '5 P&$es '8%.

20. T. Hoenen5 S. Jun$5 A. Heri$5 A. (rose,/5 &nd S. Beker . Bo,/ "&,ri@

pro,eins of E+o#& 4irus on,ri+u,e ,o ,/e re$u#&,ion of 4ir&# $eno"e

rep#i&,ion &nd ,r&nsrip,ion. (irology5 2'80825 Vo#u"e 7-5 Issue '5

P&$es =6866.

2. S&n)ee,B&$/i. E+o#& /&e"orr/&$i fe4er in es, Afri&. ancet

)nfectious Diseases5 T/e5 2'78=8'5 Vo#u"e '75 Issue =5 P&$es -0=8-0=.

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8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


2%. A"1 L. H&r,"&n5 Jon&,/&n S. Toner5 &nd S,u&r, T. Ni/o#. E+o#& &nd

?&r+ur$ He"orr/&$i *e4er. +linics in aboratory $edicine5 2'8-8'5

Vo#u"e -5 Issue '5 P&$es '6'8'00.

-. T/o"&s Q (eis+er,5 A"1 !H Lee5 ?&r)orie Ro++ins5 Jo&n B (eis+er,5

Ann& N Honko5 V&nd&n&Sood5 Jos/u& ! Jo/nson5 Sus&n de Jon$5 Ir&n

T&4&ko#i5 Ad&" Jud$e5 Lis& E Hens#e15 &nd I&n ?&L&/#&n. Pos,e@posure

pro,e,ion of non8/u"&n pri"&,es &$&ins, & #e,/&# E+o#& 4irus /&##en$e

i,/ RNA in,erferene< & proof8of8onep, s,ud1. ancet* !he5 2'8=82%5

Vo#u"e -0=5 Issue %02%5 P&$es '%68'%=.

-'. ?&nis/& (up,&5 !/ris,in& Spiropou#ou5 &nd Pierre E. Ro##in. E+o#& 4irus

infe,ion of /u"&n PB?!s &uses "&ssi4e de&,/ of "&rop/&$es5 !D7

&nd !D T e## su+8popu#&,ions in 4i,ro. (irology5 2080825 Vo#u"e

-675 Issue '5 P&$es 7=8=7.

-2. A"1 B. P&p&neri5 !/ris,op/Qir+#i/5 Kur, !ooper5 Pe,er B. J&/r#in$5

?&,,/i&s J. S/ne##5 &nd Josep/ E. B#&ne1. *ur,/er /&r&,eri3&,ion of ,/e

i""une response in "ie ,o in&,i4&,ed &nd #i4e r&+ies 4&ines e@pressin$

E+o#& 4irus $#1opro,ein. (accine5 2'28%82'5 Vo#u"e -5 Issue 7-5 P&$es

6'-686'7'.

--. Hein3 *e#d"&nn. Are e &n1 #oser ,o o"+&,in$ E+o#& infe,ionsX

ancet* !he5 2'8=82%5 Vo#u"e -0=5 Issue %02%5 P&$es '=8'=2.

-7. i&n$$uoYiu5 Judie B. A#i"on,i5 P. Leno ?e#i,o5 Lis& *ern&ndo5 U,e

S,rW/er5 &nd S,e4en ?. Jones. !/&r&,eri3&,ion of G&ire e+o#&4irus

$#1opro,ein8speifi "ono#on&# &n,i+odies, +linical )mmunology5 2''8

''8'5 Vo#u"e '7'5 Issue 25 P&$es 2'8220.

-=. ?&nis/& (up,&5 !1n,/i& S. (o#ds"i,/5 ?&ureen (. ?e,&#fe5 !/ris,in& *.

Spipopou#ou5 &nd Pierre E Ro##in. Redued 4irus rep#i&,ion5

proinf#&""&,or1 1,okine produ,ion5 &nd de#&1ed "&rop/&$e e## de&,/

in /u"&n PB?!s infe,ed i,/ ,/e ne#1 diso4ered

Bundi+u$1oe+o#&4irus re#&,i4e ,o G&ire e+o#&4irus. (irology5 2'86825

Vo#u"e 725 Issue '5 P&$es 2-82.

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8/17/2019 EBOLA fix


-6. Ei/ner ?. 2''. Inu+&,ion Period of E+o#& He"orr/&$i Virus Su+,1pe

G&ire. Public Health Res Perspect 2:';5 -80.

-0. Tsud& 5 S&frone,3 D5 Bron K. 2''. Pro,e,i4e Effi&1 of & Bi4&#en,

Reo"+in&n, Vesiu#&r S,o"&,i,is Virus V&ine in ,/e S1ri&n H&"s,er

?ode# of Le,/&# E+o#& Virus Infe,ion. !he Journal of )nfectious Diseases

27<S'%OS'%0.

-. A#eks&ndroi3 P5 ?&r3i A. 2''. E+o#& Virus En,ers Hos, !e##s +1

?&ropino1,osis &nd !#&,/rin8?edi&,ed Endo1,osis. !he Journal of

)nfectious Diseases 27<S%=0OS%60.

-%. Ku/# A5 Hoff"&n ?5 ?u##er ?A. 2''. !o"p&r&,i4e An&#1sis of E+o#&

Virus (#1opro,ein In,er&,ions Qi,/ Hu"&n &nd B&, !e##s. !he Journal of

)nfectious Diseases 27<S7OS7%.

7. !&s,i#/o A5 Bo/oro4& N. 2''. R&pid Hi$/ ie#d Produ,ion of Differen,

(#1ofor"s of E+o#& Virus ?ono#on&# An,i+od1. PloS %"E 6<'.

7'. N&n1 Su##i4&n5 G/i8on$ &n$ &nd (&r1 J. N&+e#. E+o#& Virus

P&,/o$enesis< I"p#i&,ions for V&ines &nd T/er&pies. J, (irol, 2-5

00:';<%0--.

72. R. R1&n L&s/&5 N&,/&nie# A. Brunse##& &nd A. Tonsend Pe,erson.

Sp&,io,e"por&# en4iron"en,&# ,ri$$ers of E+o#& &nd ?&r+ur$ 4irus

Tr&ns"ission. 'eocarto )nternational . Vo#. 2-5 No. 65 Dee"+er 25

7='O766.

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