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East 14th Community Street Buffer & Tree Project 26 May 2011 (Revised Proposal)

Project Overview

This project proposal aims to improve the health, safety and quality of life of community members in nearest proximity to the Consolidated Edison (Con Edison) East River Station by planting trees in partially sunk and raised planting beds along the south side of East 14th Street between Avenue B and C. The proposal details the justification of additional construction required to help: (1) buffer the noise and fumes from traffic and street repairs the block endures due to proximity to the Con Edison plant; (2) enhance safety of children who utilize the area to play and quality of life of residents; and to (3) ensure tree survival due to Con Edison steam pipes that run the length of this block. (Details in ‘Objectives’ and ‘Background’ section). The project would be implemented in three phases — (1) Research & Testing; (2) Design & Permitting; (3) Construction & Planting — over a 1 year period, for which we are requesting an allocation of $151,515.00 from the Consolidated Edison Settlement Funds. It will be lead by members of the 14BC Coop on said block, in collaboration with a local urban landscaping company, and in cooperation with all neighbors of the block, including Pedro Albizu Campos Plaza, neighboring businesses, and apartment building owners and managers. Target Area

South side of East 14th Street between Avenue B & C (the Settlement Zone). This 706 feet long block, with a sidewalk that ranges from 17-23 feet wide, is the home of three successful ‘street trees’ along the sidewalk edge, in five existing tree pits. Objectives

To create and implement plans to plant small and medium size trees and other low-profile perennials in elongated raised planting beds that are both ‘tree pits’ (in-ground) and above ground. This structure is required to help:

1) Create a buffer to the noise and fumes from traffic the block endures due to proximity to the ConEdison plant;

2) Create an enhanced health and safety barrier for foot traffic and children who play on the extra-wide (17-23 ft.) sidewalk;

3) Enhance quality of life and a sense of community in particular along a block consisting of disparate micro-communities;

4) Ensure tree survival due to Con Edison steam pipes that run the length of this block, after two attempts to plant trees in standard urban tree ‘pits’.

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Objectives / Benefit to Community

This block (14th Street, between Avenue B & C) is essentially the driveway to the Con Edison East River Station. It is its main entrance and as such endures inordinate traffic related to its operations. The project aims to improve the health, safety and quality of life of community members in nearest proximity to the Con Edison expansion project by helping create the following. Benefits of Structural Design Buffer to excessive noise associated with the ConEdison plant including:

(a) Traffic from ConEd service vehicles that line-up along the block awaiting entrance or delivery to the ConEdison plant (often idling in the winter);

(b) Frequent repairs to the stream pipe underlying this block’s street — which often includes jack-hammering and idling vehicles, and

(c) Intermittent noise from the plant itself, which includes a low-pitch drone as well as loud hissing and bursts due to stream releases.

Enhanced health & safety barrier, including:

(a) Barrier for children and adolescents who frequently play in front of the blocks apartment buildings (Campos Plaza and tenement buildings);

(b) Slight barrier from wafts of fuel fumes from the loading process at the plant; (c) Minimal although valuable air purification, especially with additional bushes, perennials

and other biomass

Quality of life, including: (a) A sense of place and community: The structures — all of a thematic and complementary

design — would also create a sense of community to the block, which consists of fairly disparate community ‘members’ of different cultures and socio-economic status. The structure with trees and plantings would be the only contiguous physical element that is common along the block, aside from the concrete sidewalk. This would contribute to a sense of place and community among the micro-communities along the block (businesses, residents of Campos Plaza under the New York Housing Authority, cooperative residents, etc).

(b) Other benefits and quality-of-life ‘non-measureables’ that urban trees contribute to include counteracting the stress of city life, enjoyment of shade in the summer, and — most important on this block — greenery and ‘life’ in a barren area on a street that straddles the ‘industrial’ nature of the Consolidated Edison East River Station. The trees and structures could distract from and ease the visual impact of ConEdison plant at end of 14th Street.

(c) Potential to gain experience to successful tree planting and survival, and share this knowledge in any future efforts on adjacent blocks — considering the unique circumstances of such close proximity to the Con Edison plant and their steam pipes.

Benefits of Urban Trees

(a) Helps diminish NYC heat island effect (b) Improves local air quality and rainwater absorption (c) Contributes to NYC Million Trees Initiative (d) Long-term carbon sequestration (one ton of carbon absorbed over the life of average tree)

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Background/ Context

Complexities of Project Two previous attempts to plant trees on this same section of 14th street have failed. In each case — one in the 1970’s and one in the 1980’s — trees were planted directly in the sidewalk in ‘regular’ tree pits. However steam from the Con Edison plant pipes increase the underground temperature and resulted in the trees’ premature death. This information has been assimilated into our proposal. Temperature constraints due to the steam pipes will be mitigated with the addition of partially raised planting beds which will provide insulating effect of added soil as well as added distance from the pipes, compounded by measures including additional underground insulation. We have learned through research and calls to the Parks and Recreation that it is these very measures, which are necessary although more expensive. They require smart design as well as agile and time-consuming negotiation with the DOT and Parks and Recreation to ensure a feasible project. For this reason, ‘experts’ are needed. Selected Contractor After researching and speaking with several landscape design companies, Town and Gardens, Ltd. was determined to be the best choice to assist in accomplishing this project. Town and Gardens has experience in working with similarly complicated projects, including tree plantings in the area of underground steam pipes, and negotiating the permit process required for a project such as this. They have a history of working in NYC since 1995 on various, complex projects that have required extensive problem-solving — ranging from the rooftop at MOMA to Donald Trump’s Fifth Avenue skyscraper to Madison Square Park and street trees all around the city. They have a large network of contractors with whom they collaborate, allowing them to harness various expertise for problem-solving such as this project requires. Town and Gardens is a very reputable company, having won over 30 landscape design and construction awards, yet value community and are eager to work on this project with us. They reside within the neighborhood, East 25th Street, and so are very familiar with the circumstances, block lay-out and spirit of the Lower East Side. What placed them above all others was their willingness to phase the proposal and project in such a way that they can provide some up-front (although limited) support for research and proposal development, at minimal expense which the Project leaders (14BC Coop) could afford. They also express appreciation of the community spirit in which this endeavor will be undertaken and have offered to meet with residents of the block, 14BC Coop Board as well as to attend ConEdison Settlement Fund Task Force meetings to answer any questions. They also emphasize working within budgets while fully cognizant of this projects complexity. Project leaders (see below) will work in close collaboration with Town and Gardens in each Phase to ensure the project stays on track, on time and within budget; and 14BC Coop will be solely responsible for the project’s execution and associated proposal obligations.

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Project Phases & Cost The project will be executed in four phases. A detailed time-line is provided on Annex 3, below, however the Phases, estimated time-line and estimated expense are as follows: Phase Time-Line Cost 1) Research / Testing Aug-Sept 2011 $2,000 - 5,000 2) Design / Permits October-Nov 2011 $9,000 - 12,000 3) Construction Nov-Dec 2011 $105,265 4) Planting Spring 2012 $29,250

TOTAL $145,515 – $151,515 A module approach was utilized for this estimate, based on thirteen 18” tall beds of mid-range cost materials:

! 5 tree pits currently exist (nearest to Avenue B); three of which have marginally healthy trees ! 8 additional locations on the block are large enough for a new tree pits according to the NYC

Department of Park and Recreation Tree Planting Guidelines, although the locations are also sufficient for even larger beds than the recommended 10’X5’ tree pit

! Combined, these total 13 potential locations for raised tree and planting beds Of all 13 possible tree locations, estimated maximum size for raised planting beds are estimated as follows. These are listed as rectangular shapes however actual shape will depend on the final design, based on temperature readings and distance to utilities, sidewalk artifacts, etc. in alignment with city code. Labor is estimated at approximately 58% the cost of site prep; 56% of construction / building of walls; and 20-26% of planting expenses. Worth noting: design and construction of entire project in full will reap savings as compared to if completed in phases, which will compound site visits, permit processes, and labor expenses. The cost below and in estimated budget for module approach (Annex 7) are based on the mid-range material expense:

! Three 10’X5’: $7,200 each = $21,600 (existing tree pits restructured as small raised beds) ! Seven 15’X5’: $10,345 each = $72,415 (new tree and planting beds) ! Three 20’X5’: $13,500 each = $40,500 (new tree and planting beds)

Mapping and photos of the block and project site (Annexes 1 and 2) evidences that the five existing sidewalk tree pits are gathered to the west end of the 14th Street’s south side. All but one tree are struggling significantly or dead. The addition of raised beds with this project, including fresh un-compacted soil and the care that would accompany the project, may salvage a couple of these trees. Moreover adding the raised beds to trees at the west end of the street combined with new beds on the east end of the block would enhance the sense of continuity and community, as well as provide an added buffer for the pedestrians, businesses and residents along the entire block. Any additions funds left over could be dedicated to the long term maintenance of trees and plants or for an additional small module at the next available tree pit site. Maintenance Maintenance will be taken care of by the 14 BC Coop, although support by neighboring residents, businesses, the management of Campos Plaza, and NYC Housing Authority will be sought. The 14

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BC Coop is prepared however to adopt all these street trees and ensure their survival, regardless of whether commitments are made by neighbors on the block. The ten new trees between Avenues B and C will require extensive watering for the first 2-3 years, from spring to fall. After they are established, they will require significantly less water unless New York City experiences dry summers or drought. To mitigate long-term expense and conserve treated city water, the 14 BC Coop will establish a low-cost and practical rain-catch system in the alley on the buildings’ west side and possibly in between buildings, where drains already lead to near the ground. Additionally, two deep-watering tree spikes will be installed per tree upon planting to ensure that water reaches the root ball — optimizing water usage and ensuring water reaches where it is needed most. The expense of the spikes (estimated at $286 or $11 per 24’ spike), the rain-catch system/barrels (estimated at $200-750), and long garden hoses ($10 per 50 feet) will be covered by the 14 BC Coop’s tree reserve fund. The Coop will also seek out support programs for rain-catch systems in particular, such as the annual NYC Environmental Protection ‘Rain Barrel Give-Away Program.’ Watering expenses are estimated in the table below, at the current and also highest projected rate of increase for the near future (20111-2013). The total expense also assumes dry and drought conditions where rain-catch would be minimal and thus not mitigate watering expenses. Thus it provides a high-end estimate for the expected watering expense of 10 new trees for the first 2-3 years until they become established and water needs are significantly reduced.

Season Water Need Expense per tree / year

Total per year

May – October (26 weeks)

5,200 gallons/10 trees (20 gallons per tree /week) $2.10-2.30 per tree* $21-23

* Based on 2011 city rates and expected increase for 2012 (at .4 -.43 cents/gallon residential rate)1 The above and all long-term expenses of tree maintenance will be covered by the 14 BC Coop. And as the 14 BC Coop has already raised $5,000 we are confident that the Coop, its Environment Committee, and the enthusiastic residents of the buildings and block will be able to raise additional maintenance funds as needed, including via ‘stoop sales’ (already undertaken) and additional initiatives. Project Leverage & Volunteerism This project draws on the East Village community spirit, aiming to gather the skills and will of residents to enhance the health, safety and quality of life of the whole community — one block at a time. Project Leaders have reached out and are building collaboration with the Campos Plaza Tenants Association and Management, business owners of the block, and neighbors. They aim to continue these efforts to ensure all in this block’s community have the opportunity to contribute to the project. The following partnerships have been established to ensure the success of the project:

1 New York City Water Board FY2011 & FY2012 Rate Schedule http://www.nyc.gov/html/nycwaterboard/html/rate_schedule/index.shtml

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The Lower East Side Ecology Center and the NYC Department of Park and Recreation Parks have offered to help with obtaining trees via the NYC Million Tree initiative, building on synergies from another project currently supported by the ConEdison Settlement Fund — the EcoBizNYC program. Additionally, the Project Leaders and residents have committed to attending workshops (provided by the above organizations) on urban street tree care to help ensure longevity of the trees and aim to share this knowledge to other neighbors on the block to develop a network of care-takers. Additional programmes that Project Leaders have either contacted include the NYCHA ‘Green Agenda’ (Board Member Ms. Margarita Lopez in particular) to identify entry-points for collaboration on maintenance and awareness-raising in particular; around Campos Plaza. Project Leaders will also keep an eye out for opportunities with the NYC interagency taskforce’s ‘Sustainable Stormwater Management Plan (Plan NYC) programme, which closed April 2011 but may reopen with additional phases in the future; the NYC Environmental Protection ‘Rain Barrel Give-Away Program’; and the NYC non-profit organization IOBY (in our backyard), which helps communities organize around and support environmental projects through small donations and volunteerism. The 14BC Cooperative — established in 1987 with 120 apartments in six old-law tenement buildings — has also committed to supporting this project. To help cover unexpected expenses related to maintenance, the Coop has committed the sum of their fund-raising efforts for tree planting ($5,000). And while the Coop aims for a collaborative effort with neighboring businesses and residents to ensure long-term street care, the Coop has committed to the responsibility of tree care as needed. It is worth noting that the Coop has many long-term residents that are enthusiastic, highly capable, and reliable volunteer gardeners. The trees and plantings will be in good hands. Project Leaders: Tracy Raczek and Joseph Keshner are dedicating their time and expertise to this project, including a combined 12 years in silviculture and wildlife biology. Currently Tracy Raczek works in intergovernmental relations and climate change policy at the United Nations and Joseph Keshner is Vice President of the 14BC Coop Board and a Crisis Intervention Teacher at P.S. 61 on 12th Street. Both are owners in the 14BC Coop, living in the buildings over seven years, and have a long history of work with non-governmental organizations and community-based initiatives. Reid Betz, a Principle Architect (LEED AP) of the 14BC Coop has also committed time and expertise to assist and collaborate with Town and Gardens to ensure the project is successful, including meets its objectives and falls within budget. An architect since 1999, Reid Bet has worked developing environmental guidelines for the design, construction and operation of the Second Avenue Subway line. Prior to graduate studies, Reid studied at the Cooper Union and received a Bachelor Degree in Civil Engineering with a focus on hydraulic design and water resources. He also worked with the EPA on a study assessing pollution levels in the Hudson River. With a strong belief that good design takes into account the responsible use of energy and resources, Reid has been an LEED accredited professional since 2001.

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Annexes Annex 1: Map of block / project site (before and after) Annex 2: Photos of block / project site Annex 3: Time-line with steps and phases Annex 4: Precedent examples of potential materials, design elements Annex 5: Design elements of tree pit with similar underground heat source Annex 6: Cover Letter from Town and Gardens to Project Leaders / Coop 14BC Annex 7: Estimated Budget for Module Based Approach

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8

Annex 7 Estimated Budget for MODULE-BASED APPROACH

5X5 Site Prep Materials 368 Square feet 25 Labor 507 Linear feet 20 Walls Materials 792 Labor 1008 Planting Materials 740

* Labor is estimated at approximately

58% of site prep; 56% of wall building; &

20-26% of planting expenses

Labor 260 Total $4,300 Soil Materials 375 Materials Total $2,525 Heat remediation Materials 250 Labor Total $1,775 10X5 Site Prep Materials 735 Square feet 50 Labor 1015 Linear feet 30 Walls Materials 1188 Labor 1512 Planting Materials 1110 Labor 390 Total $7,200 Soil Materials 750 Materials Total $4,283 Heat remediation Materials 500 Labor Total $2,917 15X5 Site Prep Materials 1100 Square feet 75 Labor 1520 Linear feet 40 Walls Materials 1584 Labor 2016 Planting Materials 1665 Labor 585 Total $10,345 Soil Materials 1125 Materials Total $6,224 Heat remediation Materials 750 Labor Total $4,121 20X5 Site Prep Materials 1470 Square feet 100 Labor 2030 Linear feet 50 Walls Materials 1980 Labor 2520 Planting Materials 2220 Labor 780 Total $13,500 Soil Materials 1500 Materials Total $8,170 Heat remediation Materials 1000 Labor Total $5,330 L-shape 15X7 Square feet 85 Site Prep Materials 1250 Linear feet 44 Labor 1725 Walls Materials 1743 Labor 2217 Planting Materials 1887 Labor 663 Total $11,510 Soil Materials 1275 Materials Total $6,905 Heat remediation Materials 750 Labor Total $4,605