E Business Assignment[1]

8/8/2019 E Business Assignment[1]

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Made by-Ankit Rustagi

TY- C (3124).


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Presentation on

NETWORK TOPOLOGIES


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introductiony A series of points or nodes interconnected by

communication paths is usually referred to as aNetwork .

y computer nodes and the way they are interconnectedis referred to as the Topology.

y Topology can be considered as a virtual shape orstructure of a network. This shape does not

correspond to the actual physical design of thedevices on the computer network.

y The pattern of computer nodes and the way they areinterconnected is referred to as the Topology.


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Types of networky Local Area Network: Which is a series of nodes connected to

work and communicate together within a limited geographicalarea. There are a number of topologies that are common to LAN;

they are Star, Bus and Ring topologies.

y Metropolitan Area Network: This is the connection of devicesthat covers a geographical area orregion that is larger than thatof Local Area Network (LAN) but smaller than Wide AreaNetwork (WAN).

y Wide Area Network: The interconnection of devices across awide geographical are. The connection spans from country tocountry. Example is the internet which is the interconnection ofnetworks.


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Different types of topologiesBus

Ring

StarTree

mesh


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Bus topologyy Bus networks use a common backbone to connect all

devices. A single cable, the backbone functions as a

shared communication medium that devices attach ortap into with an interface connector.

y A device wanting to communicate with another deviceon the network sends a broadcast message onto thewire that all other devices see, but only the intendedrecipient actually accepts and processes the message.

y if the backbone cable fails, the entire networkeffectively becomes unusable and corrupts..


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Ring topologyy In a ring network, every device has exactly two

neighbors for communication purposes. All messages

travel through a ring in the same direction (either"clockwise" or "counterclockwise"). A failure in anycable or device breaks the loop and can take down theentire network.

y

To implement a ring network, one typically uses FDD

I,SONET, or Token Ring technology. Ring topologies arefound in some office buildings or school campuses.


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Star topologyy Many home networks use the star topology. A

star network features a central connection pointcalled a "hub" that may be a hub, switch orrouter.

Devices typically connect to the hub withUnshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Ethernet.

y Compared to the bus topology, a star networkgenerally requires more cable, but a failure in any

star network cable will only take down onecomputer's network access and not the entireLAN. (If the hub fails, however, the entirenetwork also fails.)


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Tree topologyy Tree topologies integrate multiple star topologies

together onto a bus. In its simplest form, only hubdevices connect directly to the tree bus, and eachhub functions as the "root" of a tree of devices.

y This bus/star hybrid approach supports future

expandability of the network much better than abus (limited in the number of devices due to thebroadcast traffic it generates) or a star (limitedby the number of hub connection points) alone.


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Mesh topologyy Mesh topologies involve the concept of routes. Unlike

each of the previous topologies, messages sent on amesh network can take any of several possible paths

from source to destination. (Recall that even in a ring,although two cable paths exist, messages can onlytravel in one direction.) Some WANs, most notablythe Internet, employ mesh routing.

y

A mesh network in which every device connects toevery other is called a full mesh. As shown in theillustration below, partial mesh networks also exist inwhich some devices connect only indirectly to others.


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summaryy Topologies remain an important part of network

design theory. You can probably build a home or

small business computer network withoutunderstanding the difference between a busdesign and a star design, but becoming familiarwith the standard topologies gives you a better

understanding of important networking conceptslike hubs, broadcasts, and routes.


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