Dutch approach for setting GEP (and MEP)
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Dutch approach for setting GEP (and MEP)
Marcel van den BergMinistry of Infrastructure and Environment /
Rijkswaterstaat
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In this presentation
• General description development of GEP in 4 steps• Methods for estimation of effect of measures• Examples of GEPs• Measures and more• Discussion and Conclusions
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Method GEP: CIS guidance 2003
Present ecological status
Reference condition
eco
log
ical st
atu
s/E
QR
hydromorphological alteration
mitigationMEP
GEP
Alternative approach (Prague, 2005)
all possible measures minus measures with
small ecological effect
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GEP derived in 4 steps 1: all measures
• EC and national policies (Nitrate- and Urban Wastewater Directive, national program on diffuse pollution, etc)
• All other measures (derived from a national database)Chem-istry
Hydro-morphology
Phyto-plank-ton
Other flora
Macro-inverte-brates
Fish
Waterlevel management x x
Repositioning of dykes x x x
Fish management x x x x
Fish migration x x
Wastewater treatment + x x
etc
2: all possible measures
3:
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Step 4. Calculation GEP
1. Estimation effect for measures in EQR units per body2. Added to present ecological status (for each quality element)3. Correction for combined effect4. Validation by 2nd opinion of experts
Result of the 4 steps: a national database with for each water body • All measures• Size• Costs• Responsible authority• Numerical GEP
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Methods for estimation of effect of measures
• Ex-ante evaluation (=multi-variate/statistical model)– National data– Used for national policies and decision making– Method not used in the RBMPs
• WFD explorer (=tool kit with different types of models)• Practical knowlegde / expert judgement
• In principle: quantitative and expressed at metric for natural water body
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Comparability GES and GEP
GES
Natural river
IC type RC1/4
national type R5
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
1.0
EQR
GEP
Modified river
0.28
0.42
0.15
Objective in RBMP
EQR
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Comparability GES and GEP - results(Rhinedelta, 490 of 723 Dutch waterbodies)
Lakes GES GEP(avg.)
phytoplankton 0.6 0.58
other flora 0.6 0.53
macro-invert. 0.6 0.42
fish 0.6 0.51
Rivers GES GEP(avg.)
phytoplankton
other flora 0.6 0.54
macro-invert. 0.6 0.45
fish 0.6 0.41
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Example Haringvliet and GEP for fish
• Haringvliet sluices: fish migration obstacle
• Dam function is: safety and fresh water supply
• RBMP: sluices are allowing passive and active migration of fish (e.g. 75% of time open)
• Effect is estimated for fish metric as 0.20 EQR units (=improvement of one quality class)
• Direct connected above stream waters have get similar effect
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GEPs of Haringvliet/Hollandsdiep in RBMP(now tidal River former Estuary)
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Overview all measures: RBMP’sHydromorphological measures (WFD art 11.3i)• 1727 km restoration of land-water gradients in lakes and canals (3357)• 729 km restoration of land-water gradients and re-meandering in rivers
(930)• 1362 ha creation of wetlands (704)• 635 solutions for fish-migration at weirs (884)• Water level management, creation of side channels, etc
Supplementary measures (WFD art 11.4)• Fishmanagement (‘biomanipulation’)• Management of macrophytes
• Education, further research, etc
4.2 billion € extra costs
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Discussion
• Numerical GEPs help us to be:– compliant with WFD– transparent about the expected effect of measures taken/planned– flexible in measures as long as same effect is achieved
• The method and value of deriving GEPs is less important than its result:– a set of measures and its positive effects– (potential) negative effects on the use– costs of measures