Going to + infinitive

A) To Express plans and intentions

E.g Are you going to do anything this

afternoon?

Yes, I´m going to read a book.

B) To make predictions when there is

present evidence.

E.g It´s very cloudy .I think it´s going

to rain

I am going to school tomorrow

I am eating a lot of steaks. I’m going to have terrible indigestion.

With my budget, I will buy a car

Will you marry me?

I will make you a sandwich

Will + infinitive

A) To talk about future predictions.

E.g. When we arrive home, the children will

be in bed.

B) To express a promise.

E.g. I promise I ´ll send a post card

C) To express an offer.

E.g. That bags looks heavy . I´ll carry for you

Examples:

Completed Action in the Past

Use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

Example:

Last year, I traveled to Japan

A Series of Completed Actions

We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.

Example:

I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.

Duration in Past

The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. Duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.

Example :

A: How long did you wait for them? B: We waited for one hour.

Habits in the Past

The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.

Example :

When I was young , I studied Politics.

Now

Use the Present Continuous with Normal Verbs to express the idea that something is happening now, at this very moment. It can also be used to show that something is not happening now.

Example:

They are reading their books

Longer Actions in Progress Now

In English, “now" can mean: this second, today, this month, this year, this century, and so on.

Sometimes, we use the Present Continuous to say that we are in the process of doing a longer action which is in progress; however, we might not be doing it at this exact second.

Example:

I am studying to become a doctor.

Near Future

Sometimes, speakers use the Present Continuous to indicate that something will or will not happen in the near future.

Example:

I am meeting some friends in a party tonight.

Repetition and Irritation with "Always"

The Present Continuous with words such as "always" or "constantly" expresses the idea that something irritating or shocking often happens. Notice that the meaning is like Simple Present, but with negative emotion. Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."

Example:

He is always coming to class late.

Store Dialogue

Shopper: How much is the hat? / How much does it cost?

Owner: It´s five dollars/ it costs five dollars

Shopper: I ´ll take it/ that´s good price / Oh no, that´s too expensive

It costs $ 1500 dollars It costs $ 20.00 dollars It costs $ 50 dollars

It costs $ 100 dollars It costs $ 6.00 dollars It costs $ 30 dollars

It costs $ 5 dollars It costs $ 11.00 dollars It costs $ 20 dollars