Do You Remember?. What element is this? How many P, N, & E? 29 63.5.
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Transcript of Do You Remember?. What element is this? How many P, N, & E? 29 63.5.
Do You Remember?
What element is this?
How many P, N, & E?
29
63.5
What do we call these types of atoms?
What type of bond?
What type of bond?
What type of bond?
Hint: these are water molecules)
What do these have in common?
•Big Bang
•Fusion in stars
•Supernovas
Which list makes up 90+% WHOLE earth?
Iron 35-40%
Oxygen 25-30 %
Silicon 13-15%
Magnesium 10%
Oxygen 47%
Silicon 28 %
Aluminum 8%
Iron 5%
How do you know?
4 Characteristics of ALL Minerals
1.
2.
3.
4.
Mineral FamiliesYou can tell which family a
mineral belongs to by looking at its formula.
There are 9 families to learn:
1. Native elements • Minerals that are from 1 element
– Gold: Au– Copper: Cu– Silver: Ag– Carbon: C– Sulfur: S
2. Halides• Halogen Group.
• Halite: NaCl – salt, rock salt
• Fluorite: CaF2
3. Oxides• Minerals with oxygen
– Ice H20– Corundum Al2O3– Hematite (Fe2O3)– Magnetite (Fe3O4),
4. Sulfides• Minerals with sulfur; rotten egg smell
• Galena (PbS for lead used in pipes and bullets), • Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2, copper & iron ore AKA
fool’s gold)• Pyrrhotite (Fe4S)• Pyrite – Iron ore – cars, steel buildings (FeS2)• Sphalorite - ZnS• Bornite – Cu5FeS4 copper ore – pipes, wire
5. Carbonates• Minerals with Carbonate (C03)
• Calcite – (CaCO3), – very abundant• Dolomite – (CaMg(CO3)2) lime• Azurite - Cu3(CO3)2• Malachite – Cu2(CO3)( copper ore and
ornamental
6. Sulfates• Minerals with Sulfate S04
• gypsum (CaSO4 · 2H2O), – plaster of Paris, wall board
• barite (BaSO4)
7. Hydroxides• Minerals with a metal plus hydroxide
(OH-)• limonite (iron hydroxide) Fe40i(OH)2• bauxite (aluminum hydroxide) Al(OH)3
8. Phosphates• Minerals with a metal plus phosphate
(PO4)– Apatite - Ca5(PO4)3F
9. Silicates• Minerals with silicate tetrahedron SiO4• 90% of rock forming minerals• Not ores• Examples: Quartz (most common mineral) Opal, talc, mica, hornblende, topaz,
feldspar,olivine
Look for Si O in formulasKAlSi3O8, Al2SiO4, SiO2*H2O
Different Arrangements of SiO4