ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc....

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Transcript of ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc....

Page 1: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.
Page 2: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

ELEMENTS

Remember:

• Atoms of one type form an element– A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc.

• Elements are the simplest form of a substance

• Every element is unique and has its own chemical and physical properties

Page 3: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Compounds and Molecules

• A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically.

• A compound is a molecule that contains at least two different elements.

• All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds.

http://education.jlab.org/qa/atom.html
http://education.jlab.org/qa/element.html
Page 4: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Atoms, Elements, Compounds, Molecules

• O S CH4 FeO2

 

N2 H H2O H2SO4

Page 5: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Elements are arranged:

Vertically into Groups

Horizontally Into Periods

Page 6: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Each atom has the same number of electrons in it’s outermost shell.

Page 7: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Valence Electrons: Electrons in the outer shell

Page 8: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

• The number of outer or “valence” electrons in an atom effects the way an atom joins with other atoms.

• The way atoms join determine many properties of the element.

• This is why elements within a group usually have similar properties.

Page 9: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Each atom has the same number of electron holding shells.

Page 10: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

The numbers represent the period as well as the amount of electron holding shells.

Page 11: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Each group has distinct properties

• The periodic Table is divided into several groups based on the properties of different atoms.

Page 12: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.
Page 13: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Non-reactive

Gases at room temperature

Very Stable

Noble Gases

Page 14: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

WHY STABLE?

Noble gases have full valence levels!

Page 15: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

• Atoms whose shells are not full tend to interact with other atoms and gain, lose, or share electrons

HYDROGEN (H)Atomic number = 1

CARBON (C)Atomic number = 6

NITROGEN (N)Atomic number = 7

OXYGEN (O)Atomic number = 8

Electron

Outermost electron shell (can hold 8 electrons)

First electron shell (can hold 2 electrons)

Page 16: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

• When atoms gain or lose electrons• Charged atoms called ions are created

– Lose electrons---positive charge– Gain electrons--- negative charge– Like charges repel and opposite charges attract

Ionic bonds

NaSodium atom

ClChlorine atom

Na+

Sodium ionCl–

Chloride ion

Sodium chloride (NaCl)

Na Cl Na Cl

+ –

Page 17: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Ionic Bonds• Electrons are transferred

• Forms between metals and nonmetals

• Dissolve easily in water, usually

Page 18: ELEMENTS Remember: Atoms of one type form an element –A bunch of gold atoms form gold…etc. Elements are the simplest form of a substance Every element.

Covalent Bonds

• Sharing of outer electrons

• Very strong bond

• If “pull” is unequal creates a polar covalent bond = a polar molecule (ex: water)


Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements - Dr. Greg Sanchez Jr 1A Lecture 2...Atoms of one element cannot change into atoms of another element. In a chemical reaction, atoms only change the way

Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements - Dr. Greg Sanchez Jr 1A Lecture 2...Atoms of one element cannot change into atoms of another element. In a chemical reaction, atoms only change the way

Atoms are the smallest pieces of an element

Atoms are the smallest pieces of an element

Atoms are the smallest form of elements. Elements get their names in different ways unique symbol Each element has its own unique symbol new element.

Atoms are the smallest form of elements. Elements get their names in different ways unique symbol Each element has its own unique symbol new element.

Atoms, Compounds, Minerals and Rocks. Atoms Atoms - the smallest unit of an element that retains the physical and chemical properties of that element.

Atoms, Compounds, Minerals and Rocks. Atoms Atoms - the smallest unit of an element that retains the physical and chemical properties of that element.

Atoms Smallest electrically neutral particle of an element that retains the properties of that element.

Atoms Smallest electrically neutral particle of an element that retains the properties of that element.

Summary of the Atom atoms are the smallest particles that can be uniquely associated with an element each element has unique atoms atoms are composed.

Summary of the Atom atoms are the smallest particles that can be uniquely associated with an element each element has unique atoms atoms are composed.

Matter in Our World. Matter Made up of atoms Atoms that are all the same make an element Every element has different types of atoms.

Matter in Our World. Matter Made up of atoms Atoms that are all the same make an element Every element has different types of atoms.

Chapter 5. Atoms and Molecules Atoms are the smallest particles of an element that can exist and still have the properties of that element.

Chapter 5. Atoms and Molecules Atoms are the smallest particles of an element that can exist and still have the properties of that element.

Atoms… and other stuff! What is an element? Substance with atoms of only one type.

Atoms… and other stuff! What is an element? Substance with atoms of only one type.

Atoms and the Periodic Table. Atoms Atoms are the smallest pieces of matter that contain all the properties of a specific element Each element contains.

Atoms and the Periodic Table. Atoms Atoms are the smallest pieces of matter that contain all the properties of a specific element Each element contains.

All atoms of this element contain 36 protons.. This element contains 196.97 protons and neutrons.

All atoms of this element contain 36 protons.. This element contains 196.97 protons and neutrons.

Atoms Atoms are the smallest units of an element that have the properties of that element. Elements simplest substances Elements are substances that cannot.

Atoms Atoms are the smallest units of an element that have the properties of that element. Elements simplest substances Elements are substances that cannot.

Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements - Denton ISD of one element cannot change into atoms of another element. In a chemical reaction, atoms only change the way that they are bound together

Chapter 2 Atoms and Elements - Denton ISD of one element cannot change into atoms of another element. In a chemical reaction, atoms only change the way that they are bound together

By: Victoria K and Diya A Single replacement reaction: Atoms of an element replace the atoms of a second element in a compound.

By: Victoria K and Diya A Single replacement reaction: Atoms of an element replace the atoms of a second element in a compound.

HTML FORMS: The Element - WordPress.com · HTML FORMS: The Element HTML forms are used to collect user input. The element defines an HTML form:

HTML FORMS: The Element - WordPress.com · HTML FORMS: The Element HTML forms are used to collect user input. The element defines an HTML form:

Elements, Atoms, and Ions€¦ · 4. Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form compounds. A given compound always has the same relative numbers and types

Elements, Atoms, and Ions€¦ · 4. Atoms of one element can combine with atoms of other elements to form compounds. A given compound always has the same relative numbers and types

1 Atoms, Molecules and Ions. 2 Atoms Each element composed of atoms All atoms of a given element are identical Atoms of an element are not.

1 Atoms, Molecules and Ions. 2 Atoms Each element composed of atoms All atoms of a given element are identical Atoms of an element are not.

Chapter Three. Dalton’s Atomic Theory: Every element is made of tiny, unique particles called atoms that cannot be subdivided Atoms of the same element.

Chapter Three. Dalton’s Atomic Theory: Every element is made of tiny, unique particles called atoms that cannot be subdivided Atoms of the same element.

1 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Chapter 2 2 John Dalton ( early 1800s): –Each element is composed of atoms –All atoms of an element are identical. –In chemical.

1 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Chapter 2 2 John Dalton ( early 1800s): –Each element is composed of atoms –All atoms of an element are identical. –In chemical.

Why do atoms form bonds?

Why do atoms form bonds?