Do Orange and Green Clash? Residential Segregation in Northern Ireland.
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Transcript of Do Orange and Green Clash? Residential Segregation in Northern Ireland.
Do Orange and Green Clash?
Residential Segregation in Northern Ireland
Residential Segregation
• People of the same social class, occupation, race, ethnicity and religion often cluster together
• Residential segregation and be voluntary or involuntary, it can be difficult to separate
Enclaves
• Residential clusters that occur when people choose to live together
• Little Saigon in LA• Little Havana in Miami• Retirement communities
Ghettos
• Ghettos are products of involuntary segregation– Discriminatory practices in housing and labor
markets (US)
• Early Chinatowns• African Americans in the north (Great
Migration)
Racial Segregation in Los Angeles, CA. White Anglos are found in beach communities and in newly built suburbs. The black community is highly concentrated in a large area south of the downtown. Asians or Pacific Islanders are also concentrated but into smaller, more scattered notes of settlement, reflecting their diverse
ethnic makeup. The settlement of Hispanics, the largest racial and ethnic minority group in LA represents the reverse of white-Anglos. For the most part, they are numerous in places where white-Anglos are absent
Degree of Segregation
• Social distance measures the likelihood that dissimilar groups will interact with one another– This can influence the degree of assimilation for
minority groups• Segregation Indices measure the degree of
segregation– Spatial divergence occurs if the two groups become
spatially more segregated– Spatial convergence occurs if they become spatially
more integrated.
(p. 347)
Segregation Index
index of dissimilarity
0 1complete
integrationcomplete
segregation
Segregation Indices in US Metropolitan Areas at the Census Tract Level, by Ethnicity
Ethnicity 1980 1990 2000
Native American 0.373 0.368 0.333
Asians 0.405 0.412 0.411
African-Americans 0.727 0.679 0.640
Hispanics 0.502 0.500 0.509
Case Study: Do Orange and Green Clash?
• Ireland remained Catholic while Great Britain became Protestant
• The British took over Ireland (1601) and used a plantation system to alter the ethnic composition– Land was taken away from local Irish aristocrats and given to
British aristocrats – By 1700, less than 1% of Irish land was still in Irish Catholic
hands• ¾ of the island ethnic composition did not change much
and remained mostly Catholic • Ulster Plantation in the North had a history of rebellion
so the British encouraged many Scots and English to move there.
Figure 12.3 (p. 339)
Remnants of a castle in County Fermanagh built
by Protestantsin the early 1600s and
now serving as a tourist attraction.
• 1921: ¾ of Ireland gained independence, the Irish Free State (1949 became Republic of Ireland)
• Since 1969 Northern Ireland has been troubled by terrorist acts and political killings by both sides
• Irish Republican Army• Both sides promote their group identity– Protestants join the Orange Order– Catholic Irish adopted green after their homeland the
Emerald Isle
What does the Republic of Ireland’s flag represent?
Case Study
• In activity 1 you will look at the population change between the Protestants and Catholics from 1971 to 2011– Create the choropleth maps, print and then
answer questions 1.1-1.4
• In activity 2 you will measure the residential segregation of Protestants from Catholics– Create the spreadsheets, print and then answer
the questions