Diversity of Living Plant Collections in German Speaking Countries – Assessment, Problems and the...

Diversity of Living Plant Collections in German Speaking Countries – Assessment, Problems

and the Concept of ‘National Collections’

Frank Klingenstein, Marliese von den Driesch & Wolfram LobinBGCI-Germany

c/o Bonn Botanic Gardens

Botanic Gardens Conservation International Botanische

Gärten

Regionalbüro Deutschland der Universität Bonn

Diversity of Plant Collections in German Diversity of Plant Collections in German Speaking CountriesSpeaking Countries

Background

Botanical collections and “their problems”

Activities and results

Future perspective: National Collection Scheme


Gärten


• since 1996

• funded by Federal Ministries for Environment and for Research

• on behalf of the Association of Botanic Gardens in German speaking countries

Research Projects at Bonn Research Projects at Bonn

Botanic GardensBotanic Gardens

topics: • networking Botanic Gardens• implementation of the CBD• national collection scheme


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new political framework for biodiversity conservation, research and public awareness building

Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)(Rio 1992)

Contradiction in regard to collections:

obligation to maintain biological collections and to make them accessible (§ 12, 17)

increased difficulties for collecting and exchanging material due to sovereign rights of states over their genetic resources (§ 15: prior informed consent, mutually agreed terms, benefit sharing)


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Scope of Biological CollectionsScope of Biological Collections

last living specimen of Zamia verschaffeltii

in BG Zürich

Collections: ex-situ-Resources forCollections: ex-situ-Resources for

ScienceScience & Conservation& Conservation

Shop Window for Nature (Protection)Shop Window for Nature (Protection)

German Botanic Gardens have 14 Mio. visitors p.a.

(= 20% of the population)

Historic Value & Cultural HeritageHistoric Value & Cultural Heritage

Typ specimen of Fockea cispa Jacqu.

cultivated in Schönbrunn (Vienna) since 1785

No SustainabilityNo Sustainability

Loss of collections due toLoss of collections due to• personnel changes personnel changes (direction, scientific naintainance, hort. staff)(direction, scientific naintainance, hort. staff)• change of scientific interestschange of scientific interests• organisational or financial changesorganisational or financial changes

Lack of Information:Lack of Information:The lost tree of the Easter islandsThe lost tree of the Easter islands

Toromiro Toromiro ((Sophora toromiroSophora toromiro))

Uneven Representation of Diversity Uneven Representation of Diversity

16 gardens for 95 gardens

50.000 taxa

600.000 accessions

38.000 taxa

100.000 accessions

beta-diversity-dilemma of Botanic Gardens

data fromdata from

different accessions different taxa

Diversity of Plant Collections in German Diversity of Plant Collections in German Speaking CountriesSpeaking Countries

Background

Botanical collections and “their problems”

Activities and results

Future perspective: National Collection Scheme


Gärten


ActivitiesActivitiesrecording special collections

research institutions

ofBotanic Gardens

horticultural institutionsnurseriesprivate collectors/amateurs

inGermanyAustriaGerman speaking Switzerland

voluntary records

N O evaluation

Call to commit collections

Send out of questionnairs, visits of collections (partly by other exerts), telephone interviews

by


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Recorded DataRecorded Data

basic information for 101 collections

only the name for 76 collections

43 items about• collecting institution and contact persons• content of the collection• size (taxa, accessions, type specimens)• utilisation and future perspective• horticultural conditions and genetic purity• documentation and determination• accessibility and cooperation

for 372 collections

meta-dataN O

object data

standardised database for

taxonomy, geography, etc.


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ResultsResults

13

14

1271

others private coll. Bot. Gardens in A and CH Bot. Gardens in D

holder of collections (n=110)

17 1680

436

proportion of collections (n=549)

64 % 79 %


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Diversity of Taxonomic CollectionsDiversity of Taxonomic Collections

0

5

10

15

20 Collections of the Family

Collections of a Genus

Orchidaceae

Bromeliaceae (19)

Ericaceae (17)C

actaceae (15)Begoniaceae (9)

Cycadopsida (11)

Crassulaceae (9)

Geraniaceae (9)

Onagraceae (8)

Rosaceae (8)

Araceae (7)Asphodelaceae (7)

Salicaceae (7)Piperaceae (5)Theaceae (5)(30)

Artenzahl Taxon Sammlungen 4.200 Melastomataceae 0 4.300 Acanthaceae 1 5.000 Asclepidaceae 0 6.500 Lamiaceae 2 8.000 Euphorbiaceae 2 9.300 Cyperaceae 0

10.000 Poaceae 3 10.700 Rubiaceae 1 11.300 Fabaceae 0 23.000 Asteraceae 2 20.000 Orchidaceae 30

Fam

ilies

> 4

.000

S

pesi

esdiversity in

nature

diversity in

culture

Fa

milies

8 C

ollections

1.520 Bromeliaceae 19 3.300 Ericaceae 17 1.500 Cactaceae 15 123 Cycadatae 11 900 Begoniaceae (Begonia) 9

Crassulaceae 9 300 Geraniaceae (Geranium) 9 105 Onagraceae (Fuchsia) 8

Rosaceae 8

1.500

3.400


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Standard versus Exotic CollecionsStandard versus Exotic CollecionsCollections of Functional Types

Succulents and Xerophyts (21)

Rock and Arctic Plants (11)

Carnivorus plants (11)

Ant Plants Bee Nutrition Plants

Oil Flowers

Geographical Collections

Canary Islands and Macronesia (8) Madagaskar (5)

Alps (5)

Sardinia Himalaya Sokrota

Collections of Habitats Pastures and Dry

Grasslands (8) Fields (7)

Serpentinit resistant Plants semiterrestrial Vegetation

of the Bodensee


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Home

Was ist ZEFOD?

1. ZEFOD-Workshop

Programm Bericht

2. ZEFOD-Workshop

Programm Bericht

Sammlungen

Zoologische Gärten Zoologische Sammlungen Botanische Gärten Herbarien

Erfassungsbögen

Zoologische Sammlungen Botanische Sammlungen Kommentare / Kontakt

PT-Umwelt-Info BIOLOG BMBF

Interna

Redaktion Stand: 01. Dezember 2001

ZADI

Suchabfrage: Botanische Gärten

Taxon:

ok

Region:

Sammler/Begründer:

Lebensraum:

Funktionstyp:

f

f

Wählen Sie:

OrchidaceaeOrchidaceae

SüdamerikaSüdamerika

Webased Webased Collection FinderCollection Finder

www.genres.de/zefod

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Was ist ZEFOD?

1. ZEFOD-Workshop

Programm Bericht

2. ZEFOD-Workshop

Programm Bericht

Sammlungen


Erfassungsbögen



Interna


ZADI

Orchideen Botanischer Garten der Universität Erlangen/NürnbergOrchidaceae Botanischer Garten der Universität HamburgNeotropische Orchideen Botanischer Garten der Universität HeidelbergMasdevallia-Arten Südamerikas Botanischer Garten der Universität Marburg Orchidaceae Zoologisch-Botanischer Garten Wilhelma StuttgartOrchideen Botanischer Garten der Universität Ulm


Ihre Suche brachte 6 Ergebnisse:

Neotropischen Orchideen

www.genres.de/zefod

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Was ist ZEFOD?

1. ZEFOD-Workshop

Programm Bericht

2. ZEFOD-Workshop

Programm Bericht

Sammlungen


Erfassungsbögen



Interna


ZADI

Adresse des Sammlungshalters:Botanischer Garten der Universität Heidelberg Link zur InstitutionIm Neuenheimer Feld 340 69120 Heidelberg


Neotropische Orchideen

Schwerpunkte: Aerangidinae, Angraecinae, Odontoglossum s.l., Oncidium s.l., Pleurothallidinae

Gründungsjahr: 1960

Arten: 2269 Sorten: 246

Akzessionen: 5900 Typen: 20

Online-Datenzugriff: ja (Link)

Öffentlich zugänglich: teilweise

Beschreibung: Die Sammlung stellt die Basis für zahlreiche Publikationen zu einzelnen Arten und Gattungen

sowie zur 2. Auflage des Orchideen-Handbuchs von Schlechter dar.

Weitere Angaben zur Sammlung Neue Suche

www.genres.de/zefod

developed since 1997 by representatives of German speaking Botanic Gardens

Future Perspective: Future Perspective: The Concept of „National Collections“The Concept of „National Collections“

Objectives:• conservation of plant diversity and cultural heritage• sharing of work and responsibility; by this more efficient use of work and money• improve the profile of single gardens


Gärten


for• all types of botanic living collections (taxonomic, geographic ...)• all institutions and holders

Evaluation of collections by independent experts

Contracts with holders of collections about• compliance with the criteria• regular reports about the collection• feedback if the collection should be sold, given away or dissolved

Steering committee with representatives from science, horticulture, media, economy and policy

quality based criteria as basis of labeling

The Concept of „National Collections“The Concept of „National Collections“


Gärten


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Diversity of Living Plant Collections in German Speaking Countries – Assessment, Problems and the...

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