District Transport Master Plan (DTMP): Nuwakot Final...

District Transport Master Plan (DTMP): Nuwakot Final Report

Everest-Beam-Ecocode-National JV i

FOREWORD

It is my great pleasure to introduce this District transport Master Plan (DTMP) of Nuwakot

District. I believe that this DTMP will be very helpful in providing single approach on

sustainable planning, resource mobilization, implementation and monitoring for the

development of rural road sub-sector. Transport facilities help in developing access of rural

urban linkages also. Road accessibility can reduce isolation, stimulate crop production and

marketing activities, encourage public services and help technology transfer. Road building

has been seen to bring about notable enthusiasm and visible changes in rural life. Thus, this

document is expected to generate substantial opprttunities for the employment of rural perple

through the commercialization, industrialization and diversification of traditional agricultural

system of the rural area.

For the rational and effective use of available resource of DDC, development of rural road

sector in planned and sustainable way is the most crucial requirement. Viewing these

aspects, the DTMP of Nuwakot District which comprises the existing and proposed rural

roads network with their prioritization for new construction, rehabilitation and periodic

maintenance will of course be a strong guideline for the ultimate development of the District.

This document is also assumed to be helpful in drawing the attention of the donor agencies. It

will also be jusfifiable for the central government to allocate adequate resources for transport

sector development of the district. Furthermore, this document will make the work easier for

resource allocation to rural roads by avoiding duplication between the different development

agencies.

Last but not least, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to RAIDP, DoLIDAR for the

endevour of updating/preparing this DTMP. I would also like express my gratitude to all

experts whose diligent effort has been clearly reflected in this document.

I would warmly appreciate any creative and positive suggestions regarding this document.

……………………………..

Rudra Singh Tamang

Local Development Officer

Nuwakot DDC.


Everest-Beam-Ecocode-National JV ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The District Transport Master Plan of Nuwakot District has been prepared for Rural Access

Improvement and Decentralization Project (RAIDP), DoLIDAR [ IDA Grant No : H525-NEP &

Credit No: 4664] under the Contract Agreement between RAIDP and EVEREST -BEAM -

ECoCoDE--NATIONAL JV. We would like to convey our indebtness to RAIDP for entrusting

us the responsibility to carry out the task of updating / preparing of DTMP of 20 districts of

Nepal.

We would like to express our sincere gratitude to the Project Co-ordinator Mr. Shankar

Prasad Pandit whose valuable co-operation and suggestions guided us to accomplish the

agreed task to this level. Account and Administrative personnel of the project are also

thankful for their liberal cooperation in the financial and administrative dealings. We would

also like to convey our sincere thanks to LDO of Nuwakot DDC, Rudra Singh Tamang, DTO

Chief Mr. Bharat Prasad Aryal, Engineers, Sub-engineers and other staffs of DDC and DTO,

Nuwakot for their extended help and regular support; and coordination at different levels

while working at the field level.

The local leaders and local people from Nuwakot district are also thankful for their help and

suggestion for the selection and identification of the roads. We hope, this updated / prepared

DTMP of Nuwakot District will be very helpful and a valuable guideline for the planning and

development of effective and systematic transport network in Nuwakot District.

________________

Krishna Dev Yadav

EVEREST -BEAM -ECoCoDE--NATIONAL JV


Everest-Beam-Ecocode-National JV iii

ABBREVIATIONS

Agri : Agriculture

CEA : Cost Efficient Analysis

DADO : District Agriculture Development Office

DBUD : Department of Building and Urban Development

DDC : District Development Committee

DEO : District Education Office

DFID : Department for International Development (UK)

DIM : District Inventory Map

DRILP : Decentralized Rural Infrastructure and Livelihood Project

DoLIDAR : Department of Local Infrastructure Development and Agriculture Roads

DoR : Department of Roads

DTICC : District Transport Infrastructure Coordination Committee

DPA : Development Potential Area

DRCC : District Road Coordination Committee

DTMP : District Transport Master Plan

DTO : District Technical Office

DTPP : District Transport Perspective Plan

DVO : District Veterinary Office

GIS : Geographical Information System

GoN : Government of Nepal

GPS : Global Positioning System

Ha : Hectare

HH : House Hold

IDPM : Indicative Development Potential Map

IF : Importance Factor

INGO : International Non Governmental Organization

Irri : Irrigation


Everest-Beam-Ecocode-National JV iv

ILO : International Labour Organization

KM : Kilometers

LGCDP : Local Governance and Community Development Programme

LEP : Labour based, Environment friendly and Participatory

MoFALD : Ministry of Federal Affair and Local Development

MP : Master Plan

MT : Metric Ton

NGO : Non Governmental Organization

Nos : Numbers

NRs : Nepalese Rupees

PCO : Public Call Office

P-RRA : Participatory Rapid Rural Appraisal

RRA : Rural Road Class A

RRB : Rural Road Class B

RRC : Rural Road Class C

RTI : Rural Transport Infrastructure

St : Student

SBD : Suspension Bridge Division

TBSU : Trail Bridge Support Unit

TU : Transportation Unit

UR : Urban Road

VDC : Village Development Committee

VR : Village Roads

Yr : Year

ZoI : Zone of Influence


Everest-Beam-Ecocode-National JV v

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Transport is one of the major components to improve access of the people to services and facilities through increased mobility. Increased mobility results in better linkages with market centres, agricultural production pocket areas, that helps in generating numerous opportunities in the district. With transport sector interventions and planning based on accessibility considerations, District Transport Master Plan (DTMP) for a district offers long term perspective for the planned development of the rural roads network in the district. Thus, DTMP is being developed in Nuwakot District including other programmed Districts to support for the probable investments in the development of systematic transport system with appropriate guidelines and criteria for rational decision making process.

Nuwakot District is located in Bagmati Zone of the Central Development Region of Nepal and is located within 84o 58' east to 85o 30' east longitude and 27o 48' north to 28o 06' north latitude.It has Sindhupalchowk & Kathmandu Districts in the east, Dhading & Rasuwa Districts in the west, Rasuwa in the north and Dhading & Kathmandu Districts in the south. The lowest point is of elevation 518 and highest elevation point is 4876 meter from mean sea level. Trishuli (Bidur) is the district headquarters.The district is divided into three constitutional areas,13 Illakas, with 1 municipality and 61 V.D.C. The district population growth rate is -0.34%. The current population of the district is 277471 comprising of 132787 male and 144684 female clustered in 59215 households with household size of 4.68

According to the study of relevant literature reports, consultation with related program/ project, consultation of the various person and field visit, total 39 possible market centres were considered for analysis. After required data collection and analysis of collected information according to interim guideline of DTMP, market centres are graded A, B and C as existing market centres and potential market centres were identified for others. The DTMP Study considered a total 39 possible market centre for analysis. After required data collection and analysis of collected information using interim guideline of DTMP, the categorization has been made on the market centres. On the categorization, 7 market centres as grade A, 18 market centres as grade B, 9 market centres as grade C were identified as existing market centres and other 5 are categorized as potential market centres.

The length of Strategic roads in the distirct is 157.76 Km. There is 877.91 Km length of district roads in the district out of which Class A roads have length of 410.55 Km and Class B roads have length of 467.36 Km. The total existing of roads in the district and their lengths show the good transport situation in the district. Nuwakot district has 19 district roads of class A and 47 district roads of class B. Most of the district roads are earthen surface. Therefore, most all of the roads are fair weather roads. Study reveals that accessibility area can be categorized into accessible and inaccessible VDCs.

There are19 numbers of district roads class A of length 382.55Km and 47 numbers of district roads Class B of length 413.49 proposed for upgrading. There are 11 roads selected for new linkage construction of Class A with length 84.71Km and 3 roads of Class B with length 24.74Km. There are no trail bridges in DTPP proposed for new construction and no trail bridges proposed for maintenance. Based on likely available budget and sharing of budget, roads are selected for final DTMP as follows:

Road Class Road Nos. Length (Km)

RRA (new) 11 84.71

RRA (upgrading) 19 382.55

RRB (new) 3 24.74

RRB (upgrading) 47 413.49


Everest-Beam-Ecocode-National JV a

TABLE CONTENTS

Foreword

Acknowledgement

Abbreviations

Executive Summary

Table of Contents

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1

1.2 Objective of the Study ........................................................................................................ 2

CHAPTER II: APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY ........................................................................... 4

2.1 Approach ........................................................................................................................... 4

2.2 Methodology ...................................................................................................................... 4

2.3 Collection and Review of Secondary Sources of Information ............................................. 6

2.4 Collections of Primary Data and Analysis .......................................................................... 7

2.5 Preparation of Indicative Development Potential Map ........................................................ 7

2.6 Preparation of District Inventory Map (DIM) ....................................................................... 9

2.7 Preparation of District Network Plan (DNP) ....................................................................... 9

2.8 Financial Resource Assessment and Projection .............................................................. 10

2.9 Preparation of District Transport Perspective Plan (DTPP) .............................................. 11

2.9.1 Scoring System for Prioritization of Proposed New Roads ....................................... 11

2.10 Preparation of Five Year Rural Road Master Plan of District (DTMP) .............................. 13

2.11 Endorsement of the Five Year District Transport Master Plan of District RTI Network ..... 13

2.12 Complementary Activities in the district for DTMP ........................................................... 13

CHAPTER III: INDICATIVE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL MAP (IDPM) ........................................ 15

3.1 Physical Location and Geographical Characteristics ....................................................... 15

3.2 Socio-economic Characteristics ....................................................................................... 15

3.2.1 Population ................................................................................................................ 15

3.2.2 Religion, Festivals and Caste ................................................................................... 17

3.2.3 Education Status ...................................................................................................... 17

3.2.4 Economically Active and Inactive Population ........................................................... 18

3.2.5 Occupation Pattern .................................................................................................. 18

3.2.6 Land Use Pattern ..................................................................................................... 18

3.2.7 Agriculture Production .............................................................................................. 19

3.2.8 Livestock Production ................................................................................................ 21


Everest-Beam-Ecocode-National JV b

3.3 Service Centers and Facilities ......................................................................................... 22

3.3.1 Post Office ............................................................................................................... 22

3.3.2 Financial Institution .................................................................................................. 22

3.3.3 Telecommunication .................................................................................................. 23

3.3.4 Agriculture Service Centers ..................................................................................... 23

3.3.5 Veterinary Service Centre ........................................................................................ 23

3.3.6 Health ...................................................................................................................... 24

3.4 Existing/Potential Area for Tourism, Religious and Historical Place ................................. 24

3.5 Existing/Potential Area for Non Timber Forest Product (NTFP)/Herbal ............................ 25

3.6 Existing/Potential Area for Small/Major Hydropower ........................................................ 25

3.7 Market Centers ................................................................................................................ 26

3.8 Descriptions of Major Market Centre ................................................................................ 27

CHAPTER IV: DISTRICT INVENTORY MAP OF RURAL ROAD NETWORK ................................. 29

4.1 Existing Transport Situation ............................................................................................. 29

4.2 Summary of district roads class “A” ................................................................................. 30

4.3 Summary of Rural Roads “B” ........................................................................................... 35

4.4 List of Existing Trail Bridge .............................................................................................. 45

CHAPTER V: DISTRICT ROAD NETWORK PLANNING ................................................................ 47

5.1 Accessibility Situation ...................................................................................................... 47

5.2 Zone of Influence Area .................................................................................................... 47

5.3 Delineation of Accessible Area ........................................................................................ 47

5.4 Inaccessible Area ............................................................................................................ 48

5.5 Accessible Area, Coverage and Population ..................................................................... 48

5.6 Delineation of Inaccessible Area ...................................................................................... 48

5.7 Inter-district Linkage Roads ............................................................................................. 49

CHAPTER VI: District Transport Perspective Plan (DTPP) ............................................................. 50

6.1 Perspective Plan of District Rural Road Networks ........................................................... 50

6.2 Existing Transport Situation ............................................................................................. 50

6.3 Prioritization of of Rural Roads for Upgrading/Rehabilitation & New Linkage ................... 50

CHAPTER VII: FIRST FIVEYEAR DISTRICT TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN ................................. 57

7.1 First Five-Year District Transport Master Plan ................................................................. 57

7.2 Five Year Projected Financial Plan .................................................................................. 57

7.3 Sharing of Budget ............................................................................................................ 57

7.4 Year- Wise Sharing of Budget ......................................................................................... 59

7.5 Year-Wise Targets ........................................................................................................... 60

CHAPTER VIII: CONCLUSION ....................................................................................................... 63

8.1 Relevant Issues .............................................................................................................. 63

8.2 Conclusion ....................................................................................................................... 63


Everest-Beam-Ecocode-National JV c

LIST OF TABLES:

Table 2.1: General Methodology of Study ......................................................................................... 4

Table 2.2: Scoring System for Prioritization of New Linkages .......................................................... 11

Table 2.3: Scoring System for Prioritization for Upgrading/Rehabilitation ........................................ 12

Table 3.1: Population census .......................................................................................................... 15

Table 3.2: Population in Nuwakot District ........................................................................................ 16

Table 3.3: Education Status ............................................................................................................ 17

Table 3.4: Economically active and inactive population ................................................................... 18

Table 3.5: Occupation Pattern ......................................................................................................... 18

Table 3.6: Topographical Distribution of Land ................................................................................. 18

Table 3.7: Major crops and their production .................................................................................... 19

Table 3.8: Cropping Calendar ......................................................................................................... 19

Table 3.9: Potential Area with Extensive Agriculture ....................................................................... 20

Table 3.10: Potential Area with Extensive Horticulture .................................................................... 20

Table 3.11: Potential Area with Extensive Cash Crops .................................................................... 20

Table 3.12: Livestock Population .................................................................................................... 21

Table 3.13: Livestock Production .................................................................................................... 21

Table 3.14: Livestock Potential Area ............................................................................................... 21

Table 3.15: Post Office .................................................................................................................... 22

Table 3.16: Financial Institution ....................................................................................................... 22

Table 3.17: List of Telephone Facilities Access in VDCs ................................................................. 23

Table 3.18: Table 3.20: Agriculture Service Center/Agriculture Sub-Center .................................... 23

Table 3.19: Veterinary Service Centre/Sub-Service Center ............................................................. 23

Table 3.20: Health Service Centers ................................................................................................. 24

Table 3.21: Potential Area for Tourism, Religious and Historical Place ........................................... 24

Table 3.22: Potential Area for (NTFP)/Herbal .................................................................................. 25

Table 3.23: Small/Major Hydropower .............................................................................................. 25

Table 3.24: Under Construction Small/Major Hydropower ............................................................... 26

Table 3.25: Market Centers in the Nuwakot District ......................................................................... 26

Table 4.1: List of National Highway/Feeder Roads .......................................................................... 29

Table 4.2: Summary of District Roads “A” ....................................................................................... 30

Table 4.3: Summary of District Roads Class “B” ............................................................................. 35

Table 4.4: Summary of Village Roads ............................................................................................. 43

Table 4.5: Existing Trail Bridges ...................................................................................................... 45

Table 5.1: Accessibility Area, Coverage and Population ................................................................. 48

Table 5.2: List of Inter-district Linkage Roads ................................................................................. 49

Table 6.1: List of National Highway/Feeder Roads .......................................................................... 50

Table 6.2: Scoring System for Prioritization of Rural Roads for Upgrading/Rehabilitation ............... 51

Table 6.3: Scoring System for Prioritization of New Linkages ......................................................... 51

Table 6.4: Priority List of Proposed District Roads Class ‘A’ for Upgrading .................................... 52

Table 6.5: Prioritized List of District Road ‘B’ for Upgrading ........................................................... 53

Table 6.6: Priority List of Proposed District Roads Class ‘A’ for New Linkage ................................ 56

Table 6.7: Priority List of Proposed District Roads Class ‘B’ for New Linkage ................................ 56

Table 7.1: Possible Funding (Roads) for Coming Five Years Budget (NRs ‘000) ........................... 57

Table 7.2: Sharing of Budget .......................................................................................................... 58

Table 7.3: Year- Wise Sharing of Budget ....................................................................................... 59

Table 7.4: Year-Wise Targets ........................................................................................................ 60

Table 7.5: Year-Wise Physical Targets for New Construction ........................................................ 61

Table 7.6: Year-Wise Physical Targets for Upgrading/Rehabilitation .............................................. 62


Everest-Beam-Ecocode-National JV d

LIST OF FIGURES:

Figure 1: DTMP Planning Process and its Methodology .................................................................... 5

Figure 2: Planning Processes for DTMP Preparation ........................................................................ 6

ANNEXES

ANNEX I : Existing/Potential Market Centres and Analysis

ANNEX II : Photographs


Everest-Beam-Ecocode-National JV 1

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Nuwakot district is located in Bagmati zone in Mid Development Region of Nepal. It covers

an area of 1121 square kilometer within latitude 27°48’ N to 28°06’ N and longitude 84°58’E

to 85°30’’E with an altitude from 518m to 4876m. Sindhupalchowk and Kathmandu districts

are to the East; Dhading to the West; Rasuwa to the North; and Dhading and Kathmandu to

the South. According to the national census 2011, the total population of the district is 2,

77,471 comprising 1, 32,787 male and 1, 44,684 female. Besides the agriculture farming,

small scale livestock is the main source of occupation and livelihood of the majority of

population. .

Nuwakot has abudndant and increasing accessibility. The district is served by surface

transport facilities linking the district with the national strategic road network through

Mahendra highway, Dhalkebar-Jankpur-Bindi highway and feeder roads from Dharapani-

Janakpur and Birendra Bazzar to Mahinathpur. The network of feeder roads, district roads

and village roads are increasing significantly in the district. However, the district and village

roads are mostly in fair or poor conditions which require upgrading/rehabilitation and proper

maintenance.

Transport facilities help in developing access to rural-urban linkages. Road accessibility can

reduce isolation, stimulate crop production and marketing activities, encourage public

services and help to transfer technology. Road building has been seen to bring about

notable enthusiasm and visible changes in rural life. However, in the absence of rational

criteria and professional guidelines, road constructions are carried out in an adhoc manner

leading to wastage of limited resources.

District Transport Master Plan (DTMP) is being developed in the district to support

investments in transport development with appropriate guideline and criteria for rational and

transparent decision making process.

Transport is one of the major components to improve people’s access to services and

facilities through increased mobility which ultimately results in better linkages with market

centres/agricultural production pocket areas and other opportunities in the district. With

transport sector interventions and planning based on accessibility considerations, District

Transport Master Plan (DTMP) for a district offers long term perspective for the planned

development of the rural roads network in the district.

In a nutshell, District Transport Master Plan is a reflection of existing transport infrastructure

situation and future potential in relation with the resources available in the district. DTMP

essentially covers the rural transport infrastructures (RTIs), which are funded, supported

and implemented by DDCs. The DTMP preparation strongly advocates meaningful

participation of all key stakeholders in the planning process to make DTMP more

acceptable and ensure ownership. The preparation process goes through a series of

techno-political activities that include consultation workshops and interactive meetings with

stakeholders to increase participation of all stakeholders. These activities include district

level workshop and cluster or Ilaka level workshops, formal/informal meeting, focus group

discussions and transit walk etc. At every stage, careful consideration is given to ensure



access and high level of participation of representstives from line agencies, major political

parties, social leaders, women organizations, dalit and janajatis coordination committees,

disabled people, chamber of commerce, transportation association etc. The approach is to

work towards consensus building.

A comprehensive DTMP serves as a planning document when potential donor agencies,

line agencies and development partners will have ready made tool to discuss with the

district authority for possible transport sector investments. DTMP becomes an authoritative

document of the district to negotiate possible grant and loan assistance from donor

agencies. It facilitates project identification. Donors or funding agencies supporting rural

transport investments have accepted DTMP as a prerequisite tool for transport related

assistance.

The long term vision of the Government of Nepal for the road sector, as formulated in the

National Strategy (MoLD, 1997) is the development of basic rural infrastructure (with strong

emphasis on district agricultural roads) country-wide in a planned and sustainable manner.

In line with the poverty alleviation objectives, labour based technology and environmental

friendly, local resource oriented construction methods have to be incorporated in rural

infrastructure development process. The national strategy also highlights the development

of rural infrastructure in a decentralized environment.

1.2 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

The overall objective of the consulting services is the updating/preparation of the District

Transport Master Plan (DTMP) and District Transport Perspective Plan (DTPP) of the

districts as indicated in the ToR and to prepare the DTMP as per the Interim Guidelines of

DTMP of DoLIDAR.

The specific objectives, but not necessarily limited to the following, are:

Review and analyze the existing DTMP.

Train district personnel for operating and processing the GPS data collected and

converting those data to GIS shape file during preparation of road inventory and to

up-date the inventory in the future.

Train district personnel for preparation of DTMP.

Prepare Indicative Developmental Potential Map (IDPM).

Prepare the District Inventory Map (DIM) of Rural Road networks and based on DIM

prepare accessibility mapping for two hours and four hours by considering terrain,

major river and river crossing facilities.

Preparation of Road Network Plan.

Develop scoring criteria and its approval from DDC.

Prepare the District Transport Perspective Plan (DTPP).

Prepare/update the five year District Transport Master Plan (DTMP); and

Prepare a realistic physical and financial implementation plan of prioritized Rural Transport

Infrastructures (RTIs) over or the DTMP period



Nuwakot District



CHAPTER II: APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY

2.1 APPROACH

District transport Master Plan has been prepared using participatory bottom-up approach

and differs from conventional practices of top down approach. Techno-Political interface

has been incorporated in the planning process, where active participation from

representatives of political parties, line agencies, DDC officials is crucial.

The District Transport Infrastructure Coordination Committee (DTICC) has been constituted

at the district level as authorized legislative body of DDC. This body, comprising political

representatives from all political parties, provided necessary policy decisions during the

DTMP preparation process.

2.2 METHODOLOGY

The Consultant has studied the entire procedure of project implementation as

recommended by the Interim guidelines and DTMP methodology developed. The

Consultant has strictly followed the methodology prescribed by the guideline while

preparing/updating the existing DTMPs of the districts under the study area. The general

methodology of the study is outlined below:

Table 2.1: General Methodology of Study

Action

No. Description

1.0 Desk Study and Review of previous DTMP reports

1.1 Collection and review of other Relevant Documents.

1.2 Collection and review of Maps

1.3 Collection and review of other socioeconomic aspects.

1.4 Identification of existing and potential areas with development

activities.

2.0 Prepare the accessibility profile of settlements and compile them at

VDC level

3.0 Preparation of indicative Development Potential Map.

4.0 Preparation of District Inventory Map (DIM)

5.0 Preparation of District Network Plan (DNP)

6.0 Financial resource Assessment and preparation

7.0 Preparation of perspective plan

8.0 Five year projected Financial Plan

9.0 Preparation of DTMP

The Consultant has followed the specific process to accomplish the assignment as

specified in the objectives and scopes of work in the ToR.



Formation/Reformation of

district Transport Infrastructure

Coordination Committee

(DTICC)

Preparation of Indicative Development Potential Map

(IDPM) of District (Analysis of District Profile – Grading of

Markets)

Preparation of District Inventory

Map (DIM)

Preparation of District Road Network

Plan

Prioritization of District Transport Perspective

Plan (DTPP)

Preparation of Five Year Transport

Investment Plan of District

Presentation of DTMP in the

DTICC & Approval of the transport

plan by the District Council

Endorsements by NPC and

DOLIDAR

End of Planning Stage

District Level Introductory

Workshop and organizing GPS

Training

Preparation of District

Transport Master Plan

(DTMP)

Secondary/Primary data

collection identification of

development potential area,

marketing survey (focused

group discussion, informal

corner meeting, key information

interview, Data entry/data

analysis, Presentation of IDPM in

DTICC meeting.

Technical data/Data collection

Traffic Survey Preparing Base

map at Field study Analysis of

existing situation of road

networks and plotting of

TOP/DIS map Presentation.

Preparing preliminary Road

network planning based on

inaccessible area, Discuss and

verify with DTICC, Refine and

present proposed preliminary

Road network in cluster of Illaka

workshops, Get verification and

validity of road networks thus

prepared.

Collection of technical and socio-

economic data within the ZOI

area of proposed road, Data

analysis, Prioritisation of

proposed roads, Prepare draft

DTPP and present at DTICC

meeting.

Process

Decision

Terminator

Legend

Figure 1: DTMP Planning Process and its Methodology



2.3 COLLECTION AND REVIEW OF SECONDARY SOURCES OF INFORMATION

Secondary data were collected from annual report published by district level offices and

consultation with stakeholders (such as DADO, DVO, DDC, DEO, WDO, DFO, Small

Cottage Industries and local business entrepreneurs etc).

Field study was carried out for general socio-economic assessment of the district. During

the field study, data collection was done from primary and secondary sources by using P-

RRA and consultation methods with emphasis on data/information regarding area, location

and significance of development potential areas such as extensive agriculture, horticulture,

livestock farming, high value cash crops, cottage and agro-based industries, centre for

business/commerce/markets places, tourism area, hydropower and water mills, mining

area, service centers; e.g. hospital, health post, agriculture service sub-centre etc. were

collected from annual report, district profile, study report published by various offices such

as DDC, DADO, District Education office, Small Cottage Industries, local business person

Preparation of Indicative Development

Potential Map (IDPM)

P

L

A

N

N

I

N

G

Preparation of District Inventory Map (DIM)

Preparation of District Road Network and

Synchronization of DTPP of Adjoining

Districts

Preparation of District Transport Perspective

Plan (DTPP)

Preparation of Five Year District Investment

Plan (DTMP)

Endorsement of the Perspective Plan of

District Rural Road Network

1

2

3

4

5

6

Figure 2: Planning Processes for DTMP Preparation



etc. The information about demographic data of district, maps, service flow pattern, various

maps showing service centers or the location of SOR (Service of Road) facilities, transport

infrastructure inventory, past plans and sector study reports, sector standards and policy

targets were collected from the secondary sources - Bureau of Statistics, Kathmandu,

Survey Department, Local NGOs, line agencies, DDC, etc. The details on the documents

collected are summarized below:

List of documents

Previous reports of DTMP prepared by the DDC.

District periodic plan prepared by DDC.

Annual report of Agriculture Development Office, District Veterinary Office,

report of District Education Office etc.

Report on settlement pattern and market centers of the district.

Demographic statistics and socio-economic feature of the district.

Collection of Maps

Topo maps of the 1:25000 and 1:50000 scales, for use as base map.

Digitized topographic maps of department of survey.

District administrative map.

District Trail Maps, Helvetas/ TBSU.

Strategic road network map.

2.4 COLLECTIONS OF PRIMARY DATA AND ANALYSIS

Primary information on existing accessibility level of settlements was derived from the

communities, VDC officials, school teachers and other related organizations/individuals

during the field investigation period and recorded in a standard format specially developed for

this purpose. The primary data has been collected from local people through answer to the

pre-prepared questionnaires which were filled up by the enumerators.

2.5 PREPARATION OF INDICATIVE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL MAP

IDPM is basically the indication of the existing and potential market/service centers (key

growth centers) and the areas having various development potentials such as high value

cash crops, agro-based industries and tourism. Thus, IDPM shows the areas of high value

cash crops, tourism potential, extensive agriculture, extensive horticulture, livestock

farming, fisheries, NTFP/ MAPs, hydropower location and the other social service centers

areas such as hospital, post office, telecommunication, school, campus, VDC centers,

security offices and large settlements, important historic and religious places. Finally, it

indicates the grading of various markets of the district thus providing the basis of network

planning.

Existing/potential areas are defined as:

Areas with extensive agriculture.

Areas with extensive high value cash crops.

Areas with extensive NTFP.



Areas with extensive horticulture.

Areas with extensive livestock farming.

Areas with extensive fisheries.

Areas with extensive small cottage industries.

Potential areas for tourism development.

Existing/potential areas for development of large industries like hydropower, mining

etc.

Market Survey

Market Survey was carried out to identify market and service centre. Data and information

collected in the field were the basis for determining the relative importance of

market/service centre and central places. All services existing in a particular centre listed by

the district line agencies were also collected from the respective districts and supplemented

by more detailed field data such as economic population structure for the centre itself and

its influence area, by means of P-RRA approach. For evaluation purpose, data from

government offices, Industry, Business & Commerce, Education, Health, Communication,

Electricity Supply, Drinking Water Supply services were combined for the centre and its

influence area. Assessment of economic facilities and services existing in the

market/service centers and their influence areas lead to the identification of the most

important market/service centre. Centrality analysis of the market facilities and government

services were carried out.

The Centrality Index is calculated using following formula

Cj = Σ (W Xij)

Where,

Cj = Centrality Index of the jth market centre

Xij = value of the ith function (number of establishments or shops at the jth market

centre)

Wi = Weightage of the jth function

The weightage of each function is calculated by adopting the Median Threshold Population

Technique. The Median Threshold Population Technique calculates the weightage as:

Wi = Median population of the ith function

Lowest median population of the market centers, where a function exists

The collected information was plotted on the base map indicating their geographical

boundaries as accurately as possible.

Draft Indicative Development Potential Map (IDPM) of the district was prepared by

plotting all the development potential areas and sites on the Base map. Brief notes on

each of the potential development areas plotted were prepared by highlighting the

nature and size of the area.



2.6 PREPARATION OF DISTRICT INVENTORY MAP (DIM)

The following steps were taken for preparation of DIM report:

The inventory survey of the existing rural roads was carried out and necessary

interventions such as new construction, rehabilitation, periodic maintenance,

regular maintenance etc. were identified.

The information/data on existing rural infrastructures was taken using Global

Positioning System (GPS) instruments including GPS tracking of existing roads

and GPS way points of trail bridges conducted by TBSU. GPS tracking

constituted major activity for DIM preparation, which has taken considerable effort

in field level.

Information on road surface type, traffic levels, status of passability, status of

construction, adequacy of bypasses, existing bridges and their requirements,

status of drainage and other improvement required were collected during

inventory survey.

The DIM was presented and discussed in the DTICC meetings and the mode of

interventions on rehabilitations, maintenance and upgrading of the existing rural

roads was agreed. The required interventions were analyzed based on

accessibility situation.

Presentation on DIM and IDPM was made in one day meeting with DTICC. This

meeting then finalized the proposed IDPM and DIM plans.

2.7 PREPARATION OF DISTRICT NETWORK PLAN (DNP)

Gradation of Market centers was done based on the centrality index as Market grade

A (> 100), grade B (50- 100), grade C (25-50), and potential (< 25).

GIS map of nodal centers was prepared according to the grading of market centers.

All the market centers based on their hierarchy lying within the core of the central

place was plotted in GIS map.

After plotting all market centers, all the existing roads were overlaid on the GIS Map.

Accessibility situation was analyzed using GIS model.

Buffering along the left and right of the existing all weather road was carried out on

the basis of walking distance of 2 hours for Terai. These delineated areas were

considered as accessible area.

The planning tree proposes road network for the inaccessible area identified by the

ZoI analysis.

Preliminary road network plan for inaccessible areas was prepared based on the

nodal points/market centers and government policy of 1 hours and 2 hours walking

distances.

Rural roads identified are categorized into two type of roads i.e. district roads and

village roads. District roads are classified as RRA and RRB according to the

significance of the roads.



Prior to disseminating information in clusters of Ilaka level workshops, DTICC

meetings was conducted and the proposed preliminary road network plan for

inaccessible areas was presented and discussed to verify and obtain preliminary

approval of the proposed road networks.

All suggestions and feedbacks were collected from DTICC meetings and

incorporated them into the preliminary proposed road network plans.

Preliminary road network plan was presented and discussed in series of Ilaka level

workshops to collect the views of the participants and proposal for DTPP. Road

network plan was thus finalized in the workshop.

In the workshop, the DTMP study team had made presentation clarifying the

objective of the DTMP and process of its preparation.

Plenary discussion was organized to verify the views of local participants on new

demands as well as existing road networks.

2.8 FINANCIAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT AND PROJECTION

In Nepal, DDCs are heavily relying on GoN grant and donors contribution and is expected

this situation to be prevailed for next couple of years. Besides the GoN grant, involvement

of VDC, line agency participation, international donors and NGO contribution have also

been examined. In this context, resource projection became very difficult task.

The Consultant has thoroughly collected, reviewed and analyzed the expenditures made by

the respective DDCs and other agencies in rural transportation sector in last five years and

estimated the availability of financial resources for the next five years. Since this is being a

very important task, it was carried out in close consultation & cooperation with the related

Account Section and Planning Section of the respective DDCs. NGOs and other relevant

district level offices were also consulted during this stage. The Consultant in consultation

with respective DDCs tried to make provisions for allocation of necessary funds in yearly

basis by linkage and intervention type i.e. routine maintenance, periodic maintenance,

rehabilitation, upgrading and new construction works.



2.9 PREPARATION OF DISTRICT TRANSPORT PERSPECTIVE PLAN (DTPP)

2.9.1 SCORING SYSTEM FOR PRIORITIZATION OF PROPOSED NEW ROADS

A network consists of several links. It is not possible to construct all roads at a time due to

resource and time constraint. Therefore, each link in a network should be prioritized. After

developing a district level network, a road engineer prepares the cost estimate of the road

and benefit of each link in the network. In the present study, Cost Efficiency Analysis (CEA)

was used to prioritize new transport linkage. Criteria such as per capita cost and special

social consideration (of inclusiveness) receive certain weightage (points) relative to their

perceived importance. Each road link was then allocated the number of points

corresponding to the fulfillment of the particular criteria. The aggregate number of points

that each intervention receives was computed by simply adding the points allocated per

indicator. The result of this process leads to a ranking of the investment options. The

following criteria were used for prioritization of new transport linkages.

Table 2.2: Scoring System for Prioritization of New Linkages

SN Parameter Scoring Unit Score

1 Population (Within the Zone of

influences)

Population/Km 40

2 Inaccessibility Walking hour 15

3 Cultivated Land (Within the Zone of

influences)

Hectare / Km 15

4 Environment and Social Safeguard

a) Population of Dalit and Janajati

(Within the Zone of influences)

b) Loss of forrest due to road

alignment

Population / Km

Hectare / Km

10

5

5 Market/service Centrality Index 10

6 Religious centre/ Tourist place Number of Spot 5

Total 100

Calculation of Scores for Prioritization of New, Rehabilitation and Upgrading of

Roads

In order to make the indicators comparable, their results have to be transformed to

dimensionless indices using the zero-to-one method.

The following formula was applied to each indicator for all the areas of investigation

(For high value ranking) d = x-min multiplied by the score Max-min

Where,

d = transformed indicator

x = original indicator value

Max = maximum original value



min = minimum original value

For each area of investigation, the road link with the highest indicator value ‘d’ results in ‘1’

multiplied by the highest mark available under the relevant indicators.

(Note: to avoid possible confusion, the value of lowest score, zero is transformed by relating

it to the value of second lowest score using pro-rata distribution method)

(For low value ranking) d = max-x multiply by score Max-min

Where,

d = transformed indicator

x = original indicator value

Max = maximum original value

min = minimum original value

For each area of investigation, the road link with the lowest indicator value ‘d’ results in ‘1’

multiplied by the maximum available score.

(Note: to avoid possible confusion, the value of lowest score, zero is transformed by relating

it to the value of second lowest score using pro-rata distribution method)

Scoring System for Prioritization of Rural Roads, Class A and Class B for Upgrading/

Rehabilitation

The following criteria are proposed for prioritization of District ‘A’ and District ‘B’ Roads for

upgrading/rehabilitation

Table 2.3: Scoring System for Prioritization for Upgrading/Rehabilitation

S. No. Criteria Scoring Unit Score

1 Population (Within the Zone of

influences)

Population/Km 30

2 Cultivated Land (Within the Zone of

influences)

Hectare / Km 20

3 Traffic Volume Traffic Unit (TU) 20

4 Market/service centre Centrality Index 20


Total 100

Prioritization of Proposed Trail Bridge

The prioritization was based on following formula derived on the basis of a simulation model

using ICIMOD indices, related poverty, education, health etc. used by TBSU as follows:

Prioritization Formula for New Construction of Trail Bridge

SSTB : {(2.041 P+2.856 MP)×DG} × {{(12-RT)×(1+RF/100)}/12}

LSTB 0.3 × {(2.041 P+2.856 MP) ×DG} × {{(12-RT) × (1+RF/100)}/12}

Prioritization Formula for Major Maintenance of Trail Bridge



SSTB 2 × {(2.041 P+2.856 MP) ×DG} × {{(12-RT) × (1+RF/100)}/12}

LSTB 1.2 × {(2.041 P+2.856 MP) ×DG} × {{(12-RT) × (1+RF/100)}/12}

Prioritization Formula for Rehabilitation of Trail Bridge

SSTB 1 × {(2.041 P+2.856 MP) ×DG} × {{(12-RT) × (1+RF/100)}/12}

LSTB 0.3 × {(2.041 P+2.856 MP) ×DG} × {{(12-RT) × (1+RF/100)}/12}

Where,

P = Population i.e. the beneficiay population of the prospective bridge

MP = Marginalized population (total dalit + marginalized janajatis + total minority +

total poor from other caste)

DG = Distance gained

RT = River Type (no. of months fordable without a bridge)

RF = Risk Factor (Percent of population who have died within the last five year.

On the basis of prioritization criteria, the transport linkages under the categories of new

construction for each class of roads are prioritized.

2.10 PREPARATION OF FIVE YEAR RURAL ROAD MASTER PLAN OF DISTRICT (DTMP)

The DTPP is used as the primary documents based on which the District Transport

Master Plan is prepared.

The financial resource of the district available for and spent on transportation sector

was assessed from past trend of financing in this sector and allocation of budget by

DDC and other line agencies for coming years. The tentative budget plan for coming

five years was prepared in consultation with DDC.

The interventions and road linkages identified in the DTPP were prioritized in

accordance with the approach for the development of agricultural and rural roads,

DoLIDAR (1997).

Final workshop was organized at the respective DDC where the prioritization of

roads was approved.

2.11 ENDORSEMENT OF THE FIVE YEAR DISTRICT TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN OF DISTRICT RTI NETWORK

DDC should submit the final District Transport Master Plan to District Council for approval.

DTICC with support of planning team, will brief to the Council on the entire process of

preparation of DTMP including scoring system for prioritization. The DTMP is finally

approved by the District Council.

2.12 COMPLEMENTARY ACTIVITIES IN THE DISTRICT FOR DTMP

In line with the approach mentioned above, orientation and interactive workshops and

meetings were held at the district and cluster level. Activities which were carried out in the

district as part of this DTMP preparation are summarized below:



i. Orientation workshop (1st district level) in DDC on 12-09-2069.

ii. GPS training (3 days) in DDC from 23-09-2069 to 25-09-2069

iii. Ilaka/cluster level wokshop at Kharanitar on 03-01-2070

iv. Ilaka/cluster level wokshop at Deurali on 04-01-2070

v. Ilaka/cluster level wokshop at Bageshwari on 05-01-2070

vi. Ilaka/cluster level wokshop at DTO on 06-01-2070

vii. Ilaka/cluster level wokshop at Kakanion 07-01-2070

viii. District level workshop (2nd district level) in DDC on 06-03-2070

ix. District level workshop (3rd district level) in DDC on 25-08-2070

In addition to above, meetings and sharing at individual level were also carried out with

selected persons, representatives from NGOs, line agencies, district based projects related

to transport infrastructures development for collecting secondary informations which were

used in the preparation/updating of the present DTMP.



CHAPTER III: INDICATIVE DEVELOPMENT POTENTIAL MAP (IDPM)

3.1 PHYSICAL LOCATION AND GEOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Nuwakot is a hill district of Nepal. This district is located at the border of Kathmandu valley in Bagmati zone. The district has increasing accessibility. It is surrounded by Kathmandu, Dhading, Rasuwa, and Sindhupalchok districts. Western and southern border are Dhading and Kathmandu respectively. Northern and eastern boarder areRasuwa and Sindhupalchok respectively. The district encompasses 1121 sq. Km. area (CBS). Major rivers of the district are BudhiTrisuli, Tadi, Salakhu, Likhu, Phalakhu, and SamariTopographically, Nuwakot district entails 27° 45’’ – 28° 20' latitude and 85° 0' - 85° 45' longitude. The shape of the district is like a half moon and represents different agro-climate zone comprising of valley, flat land to middle hills and high hills. It has a total area of 112100 hectare. The climate of the district varies due to niche' and physical alleviation. Sub-tropical, temperate to alpine climatic conditions are common in the district. Nuwakotdistrict is well known for religious, historical, tourism, rafting, trekking and expedition. Many places are religious, historical importance. Geopolitically the district is administratively divided into 3 electoral constituencies 13 illakas that consist of 61 VDCs and one municipality in total.

3.2 SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS

3.2.1 POPULATION

According to the National population census 2011, the total population of the Nuwakot district is 277471 which comprises132787 male and 144684 female. According to the National population census 2001 (CBS), total population was 288478 of which the male population was 142731 and female population 145747. There are 59215 households in the district with an average household size of 4.68(CBS). The population density per sq. km. is estimated at with an average growth in population recorded at -0.34 % per annum. Only the population census of 2011 is presented in the following table: Table 3.1: Population census

SN Description Year 2001

1 Total Population 277471

2 Female 144684

3 Male 132787

4 Population Growth Rate -0.34

5 No. of households 59215

6 Population Density Per Sq.KM 247.5

7 Household size 4.68

Source: CBS 2011 Population of the district by VDC, household and male and female number is given here under:



Table 3.2: Population in Nuwakot District

S. N.

Village Development Committee

Population Total No. of Household Total Male Female

1 Bagesiworichokade 4986 2382 2604 1073

2 BalkumarI 2486 1230 1256 496

3 Barsunchet 426 181 245 118

4 Belkot 7660 3723 3937 1549

5 Beteni 4372 2178 2194 873

6 Bhadratar 3238 1569 1669 705

7 Bhalche 3488 1625 1863 754

8 Bidurn.p., 26750 12712 14038 6270

9 Budhasing 2940 1344 1596 677

10 Bungtang 2117 921 1196 599

11 Charghare 5419 2478 2941 1190

12 Chaturale 3238 1559 1679 708

13 Chaughada 5480 2519 2961 1164

14 Chauthe 3535 1780 1755 697

15 Chhap 2085 1005 1080 448

16 Dangsing 2736 1239 1497 625

17 Deurali 3656 1632 2024 1005

18 Duipipal 7790 3701 4089 1569

19 Fikuri 2873 1371 1502 636

20 Ganeshthan 3728 1818 1910 807

21 Gaunkharka 3180 1573 1607 628

22 Gerkhu 6382 2888 3494 1421

23 Ghyangphedi, 3100 1692 1408 604

24 Gorsyang 3431 1520 1911 772

25 Jiling 6286 2992 3294 1271

26 Kabilas 4063 2002 2061 863

27 Kakni 7320 3621 3699 1390

28 Kalikahalde 3606 1756 1850 753

29 Kalyanpur 5722 2607 3115 1243

30 Kaule 2993 1346 1647 739

31 Khadagbhanjyang 6166 2738 3428 1412

32 Kharaintar 1609 779 830 375

33 Kholegaunkhanigaun 5330 2406 2924 1210

34 Kintang 1976 917 1059 459

35 Kumarai 8672 4263 4409 1618

36 Lachyang 4480 2238 2242 876

37 Likhu 2462 1110 1352 557

38 Madanpur 8862 4294 4568 1738

39 Mahakali 3524 1629 1895 788

40 Manakamana 3321 1537 1784 789

41 Narjamandap 5335 2656 2679 1012

42 Okharpauwa 7901 3970 3931 1510

43 Panchakanya 2675 1321 1354 544

44 Ralukadevi 4563 2299 2264 916

45 Ratmate 3793 1769 2024 822

46 Rautbesi 3437 1731 1706 654

47 Salme 2186 1063 1123 422

48 Samari 5304 2408 2896 1207



S. N.

Village Development Committee

Population Total No. of Household Total Male Female

49 Samundradevi 3053 1440 1613 700

50 Samundratar, 1997 926 1071 450

51 Shikharbesi 3534 1815 1719 746

52 Sikre 1582 705 877 370

53 Sundaradevi 2411 1207 1204 511

54 Sunkhani 2449 1197 1252 533

55 Suryamati 3654 1717 1937 692

56 Talakhu 2976 1402 1574 688

57 Taruka 5233 2335 2898 1127

58 Thanapati 2831 1363 1468 626

59 Thansing 6126 2899 3227 1388

60 Thaprek 3942 1902 2040 760

61 Tupche 5286 2401 2885 1279

62 Urleni 4014 2036 1978 768

67 Institutional 1896 1350 546 21

3.2.2 RELIGION, FESTIVALS AND CASTE

Different ethnic caste is found in Nuwakot district. Majorities are Janajati like Tamang, Gurung, Rai, Newar, Magar, Praja etc.Brahmin(Hill)(20.70%) occupies second largest population as per cast, and Chhetri occupies the third(13.43%). In fact, all the caste use Nepali as their communicating language. In terms of religion there are Hindu(61.32%), Buddhist (37.92%) and others Muslim, Christian etc(0.76%). Similarly 58.20% population use Nepali as their communicating language, 36.77% use Tamang and 2.93% use Newari language.Major festivals celebrated are Dashain, Tihar, Phagupurnima, Sivaratri, Buddha Jayanti and Christmas etc.

3.2.3 EDUCATION STATUS

There are altogether 617 educational institutions with 371 primary schools, 91 lower secondary schools, 102 secondary schools and 41 higher secondary schools. Literacy rate of the district is 51% , out of whichfemale is 37.6% and male is62.4%. Table 3.3: Education Status

SN Type of institution Govt Institutional Total

1 Pre primary

2 Primary 336 35 371

3 Lower Secondary 82 9 91

4 Secondary 89 13 102

5 Higher secondary 41 - 41

6 Campus 1 9 10

7 Nursing Campus 1 1

8 Sanskrit High School 1 1

Total 550 66 617

Source: District Education Profile 2069



3.2.4 ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE AND INACTIVE POPULATION

About 183131 people are economically active and 94340 inactive. Among the active population, 102553 are male and 80578 are female. These data have been taken from 2011 cemsus. Table 3.4: Economically active and inactive population

Status Total Male Female

Economically active 183131 102553 80578

Economically inactive 94340 33962 60378

Total 277471 136515 140956

Source: CBS 2011

3.2.5 OCCUPATION PATTERN

Major occupation in the district is agriculture. But this has shifted with high youth force migration due to social conflict and unemployment problem. About 69% of people are being involved in agriculture as subsistence livelihood, 6% in service, 6% in business, 10% in wage labor and 3% and 10% others in oversees employment as shown in following table. Table 3.5: Occupation Pattern

SN Occupation Percentage

1 Agriculture 68.95%

2 Service 2.05

3 Business 6

4 Wage labor 10

5 Overseas Employment 3

6 Others 10

Total 100%

Source: Annual Report, DADO, Nuwakot, 2069

3.2.6 LAND USE PATTERN

The district has 112100 (Ha) total lands out of which 7522 (Ha) is forest land, 42242 (Ha) cultivated land, 40516(Ha) pasture land, and 15950 (Ha) others. The topographical distribution of land is shown in the following table. Table 3.6: Topographical Distribution of Land

SN

Use

Average

Remarks

1

Forest

7522(Ha)

2

- Cultivated 42242(Ha)

3

Pasture

40516 (Ha)

4

Irrigated land

7845(Ha)

Rivers 2870(Ha)

5 Others(Residence,Rock, Roads etc.) 15950(Ha)

Total

112100(Ha)




3.2.7 AGRICULTURE PRODUCTION

Economically active population is 66% in total who depend mostly on agriculture. Major agriculture production of this district is cereal crops (Paddy, Maize and wheat). Now-a-days this district is famous in vegetable production which is supplied to the capital city and other major town areas. Main vegetable areas are also known as highway VDCs(PasangLahmu HW). Production of seasonal and non-seasonal vegetable is very potential in these areas. Types of crops, its production area and the quantity produced are given in Table 3.8. 3.2.7.1 Cultivated land 42242hec of total land is cultivated in this district. Highest cultivated land is in Thanapati, Thansing, Kakani, Madanpur, bidur Municipality etc and major cereal crops production are paddy, wheat and maize. Table 3.7: Major crops and their production

Crops Area (HA) Production(MT) Productivity Per –Hectare (MT)

Paddy 223148 87509 2.55

Wheat 23647.34 15062 1.57

Maize 80320.8 57372 1.4

Millet 9404.1 10449 0.9

Barley 100 100 1

Source: Annual Report, DADO, Nuwkot, 2068/2069 3.2.7.2 Cropping pattern and cropping calendar Major crops of this district are paddy, wheat, maize, oilseed, potato and vegetable. Dalahan crops are dal, til, bodi, musuro, arhar, mass etc.. Vegetable are Cauliflower, Brinjle, Cabbage, and potato etc. Fruits are banana, mango, leman, grapefruit, lichi, Katahar etc. Vegetable seeds are soyabean, raddish, gajar, cucumber, tomato, cauliflower. Cash crops are ginger, lasun, onion. Cropping pattern of this district is shown in the following table: Table 3.8: Cropping Calendar

SN Crops Time of

Sowing/Transplanting Time of Harvesting

1 Paddy (Chaite) April/May July/August

2 Paddy (Barse) June/July Oct/Nov

3 Maize March/April July/August

4 Wheat Oct/Nov April/May

5 Millet June/July Oct/Nov

6 Barley Nov/Dec April/May

7 Winter Potato Sep/Nov Jan/March

8 Summer Potato Jan/March June/August

9 Winter Vegetable Sep/Nov Jan/March

10 Summer Vegetable April/June June/August




3.2.7.3 Existing/ Potential Area with Extensive Agriculture Existing potential area for major crops pocket areaare shown in following table. Table 3.9: Potential Area with Extensive Agriculture

SN Major Crops Potential Pocket Area/VDCs

1

Paddy/Wheat/Maize/Millet

Belkot, Madanpur, Khanigaun, Kabilas, Kalyanpur, KhadgaBhanjyang, Thansing, Raluka, Chaughada, Samundratar, Duipipal, Thanapati, Chaturale, Chauthe, KumariBungtang, Tupche, Budhasing, Manakamana, Thaprek, Sundaradevi, Balkumari, Charghare, Gerkhu


3.2.7.4 Existing/ Potential Area with Extensive Horticulture Most of the areas of the district are covered by mountain. It has highly fertile land for horticulture production. Therefore, lot of fruits production has the potentiality. Existing and potential pocket areas for horticulture are shown in the following table. Table 3.10: Potential Area with Extensive Horticulture

S/N Crops Potential Pocket Area/VDCs

1 Orange Kalyanpur, Samari, Belkot, Thanapati, Thansing, Suryamati, Bhadrutar, Kabilas, Kaule, Haldekalika, Ganeshthan, Narjamandap, Chaturale, Madanpur, Chauthe, Panchakanya, Tupche

2 Pear/Aaru/ Aalubakhda

Kakani, Phikuri, Urleni, Salme, Kimtang, Ghyangfedi, Betini, Sikre, Chhap, Samundaradevi, Likhu, Talakhu, Panchakanya, Madanpur, Okharpouwa

3 Mango/Lichi/ Banana/Papaya/ Pineapple

Thansing, Suryamati, Madanpur, Belkot, Duipipal, Ratmate, KhadgaBhanjyang, Chauthe, Kalyanpur, Kabilas, Tupche, Ganeshsthan, Chaturale, Chaugadha, Khanigaun, Bidur Municipality, Dangsing, Gorsyang, Budhasing, Taruka

4 Strawberry Okharpouwa, Ranipouwa, Madanpur Source: Annual Report, DADO, Nuwakot, 2068

3.2.7.5 Existing/ Potential Area for Cash Crops Existing and potential area for high value crops pocket areas are shown in following table. Table 3.11: Potential Area with Extensive Cash Crops

SN Crops Potential Pocket Area/VDCs

1 Potato Kimtang, Bungtang, Salme, Bhalche, Deurali, Urleni, Ghyangfedi, Gaunkharka, Rautbesi, Betini, Kakani, Talakhu, Chhap,Thansing, Kabilas, Khanigaun, Kalyanpur, Jiling, Chaughada, Belkot

2 Fresh Vegetable

Kaule, Bhalche, Sundaradevi, Belkot, Narjamandap, Deurali, Bungtang, Kharanitar, Ratmate,Ganeshsthan, Khadgabhanjyang, Jiling, Thansing, Khanigaun, Kalyanpur, Suryamati, Madanpur, okharpouwa, Taruka, Tupche, Chaturale, Charghare

3 Cardamom Kakani, Madanpur, Belkot, Samundradevi, Chhap, Thanapati, Talakhu, Sikre, Mahakali, Thansing, Deurali, Kaule, Balkumari, Sudaradevi

4 Ginger and spices

Thanapati, Thansing, Khanigaun, Bhadrutar, Jiling, KhadgaBhanjyang, Belkot, Jumari

5 Tea Kakani, Thanapti, Madanpur, okharpouwa, Chaturale, Belkot, Salme, Bhalche, Deurali, Bungtang, Barsunchet, Samundaradevi, Sunkhani, Sundaradevi




3.2.8 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION

Livestock is an important component of farming system in Nuwakot district. Livestock are regarded as one of the major assets of farm household. Cattle and buffaloes are primarily reared for draught power cultivation and transport, with the latter also providing milk and meat for on-farm consumption and opportunity sales. The livestock's population and their production are presented in following tables. Table 3.12: Livestock Population

S.N. Livestock Local Hybrid (Cross) Improved Total Number

1 Cow/Ox 138604 7523 7381 153508

2 She/he Buffaloes 93915 26630 24752 145297

3 Goat 266344 21137 19873 307354

4 Sheep 32869 4588 4899 42356

6 Pig/Swine 10120 2509 12629

7 Chicken 1002135

8 Horse 2818

Source: Annual Report, District Veterinary, Nuwakot, 2069 Table 3.13: Livestock Production

S.N. Livestock Products Unit Annual Production(2011/2012)

1 Milk Liter 21200

2 Meat MT 10905

3 Egg (Hen) Pcs 3799(Thousand)

4 Wool MT 11.6

Source: Annual Report, District Veterinary, Nuwakot, 2069 3.2.8.1 Livestock Potential Area Potential areas for livestock production are shown in following table. Table 3.14: Livestock Potential Area

SN Livestock Potential Pocket Area/VDCs

1 Cow Farming JhangaBhanjyang, Chautara, Belkot, Madanpur, Taruka, Kakani, Ratmate, Samundratar

2 Buffalo Farmming Jiling, Belkot, Khadgabhanjyang, Charghare, Bidur Municipality, Tupche, Gerjhu, Khanigaun, Chaughada

3 Goat Farming Deurali, Bungtang, Tupche, Kalyanpur, KhadgaBhanjyang, Jiling

4 Pig/Swine Farming Kakani, Bidur,

5 Sheep Farming Salme, Bhalche, Kimtang

6 Poultry Farming Taruka, Bidur, okharpouwa, Bageshwari, Belkot, Kharanitar, Chargghare,

Source: Annual Report, District Veterinary, Nuwakot, 2069



3.3 SERVICE CENTERS AND FACILITIES

As per the data/information regarding the service centres and facilities available in the district, the government, non-government and INGOs and public/private institutions are established who are continuously providing their services to the people.

3.3.1 POST OFFICE

There are various modes of communication available in the district. The communication system of the district comprises of the post office, cable TV operaters, FM radios, newspapers and Telecommunication facilities. This district has one district post office in Bidur. Illaka level post offices are in 13various VDCs and additional post offices in 50 VDCs. Similarly There are 3 FM radio stations, 21 registered newspapers and 3 Film halls. The details of communication facilities according to their types are presented below. Table 3.15: Post Office

S.N. Type of Post Office(s) Number VDC/Municipality

1 District Post Office 1 Post offices are available in all VDCs.

2 Illaka Post Office 13

3 Additional Post Office 50

4 Telecenter 3 Trishuli

5 HulakBachat Bank 1 Trishuli

6 Newspapers 21 Trishuli

7 FM Radio 3 Trishuli

8 Film Hall 3 Trishuli

Source: District Post Office, Nuwakot

3.3.2 FINANCIAL INSTITUTION

Banking and financial institution are four RastriyaBanijaya Banks, two Nepal Bank Limited, two Agriculture Development Banks and fifty cooperatives. List of the financial Institution is given in the following table: Table 3.16: Financial Institution

SN Particulars Units Remarks

1 RastriyaBanijya Bank 1 Bidur

2 Nepal Bank Limited 1 Bidur

3 Agriculture Development Bank 3 Bidur, Chaughada, Kharanitar, Ranipouwa

4 Other A class Banks 4 Bidur

5 HamroBikash Bank 3 Bidur, Trishuli, Chhahare

7 Cooperatives 190 Milk production, Multipurpose, Saving and credit

Source: District profile 2069



3.3.3 TELECOMMUNICATION

Telecommunication towers for mobile and land line are available in some places. Mobile communication is working throughout the district. In this way telephone facility is available in all VDCs. Types of telecommunication system and their access to various locations/VDC of the district are given inthefollowing table. Table 3.17: List of Telephone Facilities Access in VDCs

SN Type Number

1 PSTN Telephone(Bidur, Trishuli) 1750

2 Nepal Telecom Prpaid mobile 6500

3 Other phones distrubuted 15280

Source: NTC 2011

3.3.4 AGRICULTURE SERVICE CENTERS

Government has lunched various Programmes in agriculture sector for people’s economic growth. Nuwakot is also a pocket centre for agriculture production. Agriculture service and sub service center in district are shown in the following table. Table 3.18: Table 3.20: Agriculture Service Center/Agriculture Sub-Center

SN

Agriculture Service /Agriculture Sub-Center

Located Place/VDCs

1 Service Center Thanapati

2 Service Center Deurali

3 Service Center Ranipouwa

4 Service Center Chaugadha

5 Contact Center Kharanitar

6 Contact Center Devighat


3.3.5 VETERINARY SERVICE CENTRE

The district has one district veterinary office at Trishuli and 14 service centers. The existing situation of the veterinary service and sub- service centres in district are shown in the following table: Table 3.19: Veterinary Service Centre/Sub-Service Center

SN Veterinary Service

Centre/Sub-Service Center

Influence VDCs

1 Sikre Talakhu, Chhap, Likhu, Sikre

2 Ranipouwa KakaniChauthe, Okharpouwa, Chaturale

3 Deurali Barsunchet, Deurali, Bungtang, Samari, Kalyanpur, Kimtang,

4 Devighat Ratmate, Charghare, KhadgaBhanjyang, Bidur Municipality, jiling

5 Chaughada Chaughada, Kabilash, Ganeshsthan, Suryamati,

6 Samundratar Sikharbesi, Samundratar, Balkumari, Raluka, Sundaradevi,



SN Veterinary Service

Centre/Sub-Service Center

Influence VDCs

7 Thanapati Thanapati, Thansing, Samundradevi, Sunjhani, Bhadrutar

8 Belkot Belkot, Kumari, Madanpur

9 Taruka Gorsyang, Budhasing, Taruka, Dangsing, Duipipal

10 Tupche, Kaule Salme, Bhalche, Fikuri, Manakamana, Kahule, Tupche

11 Kharanitar Kharanitar, Narjamandap, Urleni, Lachyang

12 Bageshwari Gerkhu, Bageshwari, Haldekalika, Khanigaun

13 Panchakanya Thaprek, Panchakanya, Mahakali

14 Rautbesi Ghyangfedi, Rautbesi, Gaunjharka, Betini

Source: Annual Report, District Veterinary, Nuwakot, 2069

3.3.6 HEALTH

In Nuwakot district, health facilities are accessible to almost all people. There is 1 District Hospital, 1 District health center, 7 AyarvedikAusadhalaya, 11 Health Post(s), 53 Sub-Health Post(s) and 3 Privet Hospitals. Health service is the prime services for the district. The health institutions and facilities available in the district are given in detail below. Table 3.20: Health Service Centers

SN Type of Health Centres Number

1 District Hospital 1

2 PHC 4

3 District AyarvedikCenter 1

4 AurvedicAusadhalaya 7

4 Health Post(s) 11

5 Sub-Health Post(s) 53

6 Privet Hospital 3

7 Lions dental Hospital 3

8 Community eye center 1

Source: District Health Office, Nuwakot, 2069

3.4 EXISTING/POTENTIAL AREA FOR TOURISM, RELIGIOUS AND HISTORICAL PLACE

Nuwakot district is very famous for Tourism, Religious and Historical Places. Existing/Potential Area for Tourism, Religious and Historical Place are given in the following table: Table 3.21: Potential Area for Tourism, Religious and Historical Place

SN VDCs Description Significance

1 Kakani Panoramic maountain view, Summer campinc, picnic

Tourism

2 Bidur Municipality NuwakotDarbar Historical/ Archeological

4 Taruka Bull fight Cultural/Tourism

5 Devighat Prithvi Narayan park Historical/Tourism



SN VDCs Description Significance

6 Devighat Jalpa Devi Religious

7 BidurMunicipality IndrayaniMandir Religious

8 Trishuli Ram Mandir Religious

10 Betrabati Uttargaya Religious

11 Baguwa PanchkanyaMandir Religious

12 Dhunge KarmachirelGumba Religious

13 Sundaradevi Sundaradevi Religious

14 Samari BharanqbhurunqMahadev Religious

Source: Group Discussion, 2069, Nuwakot

3.5 EXISTING/POTENTIAL AREA FOR NON TIMBER FOREST PRODUCT (NTFP)/HERBAL

The forest of different parts Nuwakot district is very famous for different type of herbs. The availability of NTPF herbal in Nuwakot district is shown in the following table. Table 3.22: Potential Area for (NTFP)/Herbal

S.N Items Description Remarks

1 Root Attish, Bish, Satuwa, Setkachini, Kafeli, Kukur, Tarul, kurilo, Bishfej, Masuli, Pashanved, Jatamasi, Nirmasi, Padamchal, Bhutkesh, BokoBhyakur, Gamadol

Different VDCs of District

2 Stem Ekleveer, Majitho, Amalved, Gurjo Different VDCs of District

3 Fruits and seeds

Tufiphul, Timur, Rittha, Amala, Salla(Simta), Ban KarelaChampawati, Harro, Barro, DhasingareBiya, Champawati


4 Plant Jhyau, Chiraito, Titeapti, Majitho, Jurjo Different VDCs of District

5 Leaf/Branch Dhupi, Tejpatta, Sunpati, Thigresalla, Dhasingro, Naagbeli


6 Resin/others Mahin, Khoto, Honey, Gokuldhup, Masuli, KukurTarul


Source: Group Discussion, 2068, Nuwakot

3.6 EXISTING/POTENTIAL AREA FOR SMALL/MAJOR HYDROPOWER

Nuwakot district carries high potential of hydropower production. It supplies electricity to the national grid line. All parts of the district are in reach of electricity. The current situation and the potential of hydropower is shown in the following table. Table 3.23: Small/Major Hydropower

SN Description Remarks

1 Power House 2 Nos

2 Total electricity Production 42100KW

3 Trishuli Power House 21.1 MW

4 Devighat power House 14.1 MW

5 Small Hydropwers 26

6 Total Electrification 30863 Households

7 Solar Light Users 1101



Table 3.24: Under Construction Small/Major Hydropower

SN Name of Site Significance

1 Upper Trishuli 3B 37 MW

2 SalankhuKhola 2.5 MW

3.7 MARKET CENTERS

According to the study of relevant literature / reports, consultation with related program/ project, consultation of the various person and field visit, total 39 possible market centres were considered for analysis. After required data collection and analysis of collected information according to interim guideline of DTMP, market centres are graded as A, B and C. Other potential market centres were identified as existing market centres. Table 3.25: Market Centers in the Nuwakot District

SN Name of market

center VDCs

Centrality index

Market grade

Ranking

1 Trishuli Bidur Municipality Maximum A 1

2 Dhikure Khanigaun 185 A 2

3 Jurethum 35 Kilo Kakani, Madanpur 142 A 3

4 Chokade Bageshwari 116 A 4

5 Ranipouwa Kakani 112 A 5

6 Samari Samari 106 A 6

7 Amore Belkot 106 A 7

8 GolfuBhanjyang Betini 95 B 8

9 Thansing Thansing 89 B 9

10 Ghyangfedi Ghyangfedi 89 B 9

11 Barahi Madanpur 86 B 10

12 Sole Tupche 85 B 11

13 Battar Suryamati 83 B 12

14 Chisapani Talakhu 79 B 13

15 ChiuriBhanjyang Deurali 74 B 14

16 Kaulethana okharpouwa 72 B 15

17 Betrawati Gerkhu 68 B 16

18 Bungtang Bungtang 65 B 17

19 Phalate Bageshwari 65 B 18

20 Kakani Kakani 62 B 19

21 Kunagaun Kimtang 61 B 20

22 Kharanitar Kharanitar 61 B 21

23 Thulogaun Bhalche 60 B 22

24 Dui Pipal Dui Pipal 51 B 23

25 KhadgaBhanjyang KhadgaBhanjyang 50 B 24

26 Samundratar Samundratar 48 C 25

27 Koldanda Taruka 45 C 26

28 Chhahare Sunkhani 43 C 27

29 Mane Danda Gorsyang 40 C 28

30 Manegaun Kimtang 32 C 29

31 Fatapouwa Kumari 28 C 30

32 Dangsing Dangsing 28 C 31

33 Aapra Kabilash 28 C 32

34 Keureni Belkot 25 C 33



SN Name of market

center VDCs

Centrality index

Market grade

Ranking

35 GhaleBhanjyang Panchakanya 24 Potential 34

36 DokaBhanjyang Chauthe 23 Potential 35

37 Magahg Barsunchet 22 Potential 36

38 Satdobato Thanapati 19 Potential 37

39 Chhap lachyang 13 Potential 38

Source: Group Discussion 2070

3.8 DESCRIPTIONS OF MAJOR MARKET CENTRE

Based on relevant literatures/reports, consultation with related program/project and field visits, a total of 39 possible market centres were considered for market survey. After required data collection and analysis of collected information using updated guideline of district transport master plan, 7 market centres are graded as grade A, 18 market centres as grade B,9 market centres as grade C market centres and 5 market centres were identified as potential market centre. 1. Trishuli Trishuli bazaar is an old existing market center of Nuwakot district. Trishuli was old trading center of Kathmandu to Tibethe trade since ancient time. Tibet trading was conducted since Malla regime and almost import and export of consumables items through Trishuli route. The market center is located in Bidur Municipality at elevation of 550m. The market is connected from Kathmandu with PasangLamhuRajmarga about 70 km from Kathmandu.The market was developed as the development of Trishuli hydropower project. Trishuli is the district headquarter of Nuwakot.

2. Dhikure Dhikure bazaar is located at Khanigaun VDC near the Bidhu Municipality at elevation of 550m. The market is connected with Gangate-Labdhu- Samundratar road. The market provides services to Khanigaun, Ganesthan and Haldekalika VDCs.

3. Jurethum 35 Kilo Jurethum is another existing market center known as 35 Kilo market. The market is located in Kakani VDC at elevation of 1500m. The market is connected with PasangLahmuRajmarga. The market provides services to Kakani, Madanpur, Chauthe VDCs. 4. Chokade Chokade Bazar is located at Bageshori VDC at the elevation of 1300m in Nuwakot district. The market is providing services of Bageshori, Haldekalika, Lachynag VDCs in the northern part of the district. The market is connected with Nuwakot-Bageshori -Urleni Road. 5. Ranipouwa Ranipauwa is another existing key market center of the district located in Kakani VDC at elevation of 1800m. The market center is connected withPasangLahrnuRajmarga and nearest from Kathmandu. The market is old and providing services to the Kakani, Thansing and Chaturale VDCs. 6. Samari Samari is another key market center of the district. The market is located in Samari VDC at elevation of 1560m. The market is connected with Trishuli-Samari -Bharangbhurung Road. The market provides sen/ices to the Samari VDC.



7. Barahi Barahisthan is market center located in Madanpur VDC at elevation of 1305 m. The market center is connected with PasangLamhuRamjarga at LaukiBarahisthan. The market provides services to Madanpur VDC. 8. Sole Sole Bazar is located in the Tupche VDC at elevation of 700m at the northern part of the district. The market is connected with Urban Road (Trishuli -Akare-Sole Bazar road). The market provides sen/ices to theTupche, Kaule, Fikuri, Bhalche and Manakamana VDCs. 9. Betrawati Betrabati is an old market center of the district located in Gerkhu VDC at boarder of the Rasuwa and Nuwakot district. The market is connected with PasangLahmuRajmarga. The market provides services of Gerkhu VDC of Nuwakot and Laherapauwa, Dhaibung VDCs of Rasuwa district. 10. Kharanitar Kharanitar is another existing market center of the district. The market center is located in Kharanitar VDC in the eastern part of the district. The elevation of the market is 750m. The market provides services to the people of Kharanitar, Urleni and Ralukadevi VDCs. The market is connected with the Gangate- Labdhu-Samundratar-Rautbeshi- Golphubhangyang Road. 11. Khadgabhangyanj Khadgabhangyanj is another market center of the Nuwakot district is located in Khadgabhangyanj VDC at elevation of 838 m. The market is nearest of Bidhur Municipality. The market is connected withMandredhunga-Budhasing-Newarpani-Taruka Road and Mandredhunga- Manedanda-Dansing Road. The market provides services to theKhadgabhangyang, Gorsyang, Dansing VDCs. 12. Chhahare Bazar Chhahare market is an existing market center of the Nuwakot district. The market is located at Thanapati VDC at elevation of 640m. The market center provides services Thanapati, Sunkahni, Samundradevi VDCs. The market center is connected with Gurje-Chhare-Chaughada and Chhahare- Shivalaya-Talakhu road. 13. Chaughada Bazar Choughoda Bazar is the existing market center of the district. The market center is located in Choughoda VDC at elevation of 610m. The market is connected with Gangate-Labdu-Samundratar-Rautbeshi-Golphubhangyang road and Gurje-Chhare-Choughoda Road. The market provides services to the Chaughoda, Kabilas, Narjamandap VDCs. 14. Aapra Bazar Aapra Market is located in Narjamandap VDC at elevation of 668 m. The market is connected with Gangate-Labdu-Samundratar-Rautbeshi- Golphubhangyang road. The market provides services to Narjamandap, Kabilas and Kharanitar VDCs.



CHAPTER IV: DISTRICT INVENTORY MAP OF RURAL ROAD NETWORK

4.1 EXISTING TRANSPORT SITUATION

Nuwakot district has no air transport service to complement the surface transport facilities.

Surface transport facilities through different feeder roads of the strategic road network,

district road and village roads are notably increasing in the district. The length of Strategic

Road Network in Nuwakot district is summarized below:

Table 4.1: List of National Highway/Feeder Roads

SN Highway/Feeder road Total length (KM)

1 Kathmandu - Trisuli - Dhunche – Rasuwagadhi (Nuwakot) 57.93

2 Galchhi-Devighat Feeder Road 18.10

4 Nuwakot Darbar Access Road 10.25

5 Budhanilkantha - Kakani - Kaulethana (F21) 6.22

5 Tadi-Labdhu-Samundratar-Golphubhanjyang Feeder Road 32.94

6 Samakhosi - Tokhagaun-Dandagaun-Gurje-Tadi-Gangate 32.32

Total 157.76

Source: SRN, 2011/12

There are numerous district and village roads. From the field study, it has been observed

that most of them are in fair weather condition. Most of these roads have been constructed

on an adhoc basis without proper planning and engineering design. In the present work,

detailed study of these roads have been made and prioritized to their contribution to

enhance the rural transport network system of the district.

Inventory of Rural Road

Road condition assessment has been made in terms of length by pavement type (i.e. blacktop, gravel or earth), surface condition (good, fair or poor), serviceability condition (i.e. all weather/fair weather) and type of intervention required. Inventory of each class of roads has been separately prepared and presented in the following sub-section.



4.2 SUMMARY OF DISTRICT ROADS CLASS “A”

Table 4.2: Summary of District Roads “A”

SN Road code

Road name Total

length

Total existing length (Km)

Road status (black topped/gravel/earth)

Surface condition (good/fair/poor)

Serviceability (all weather/fair

weather)

Required intervention (Km)

Black top

Gravel Earthen Good Fair Poor All

weather Fair

weather Upgrading / Rehab

New Const.

1 28A001R Trishuli-Deurali-Meghang-Kimtang-Thambukhola 33.50 33.51 9.50 24.01 9.50 24.01 9.50 24.01 33.51

2 28A002R

Nuwakot-Bageshwori-Urleni-Kalche-Malabhanjyang 32.00 29.09 29.09 29.09 29.09 29.09 2.91

3 28A003R

Mandredunga-Khadgabhanjyang-Gorshyang-Dansing-Kapahalpani 24.50 26.92 7.00 19.92 7.00 19.92 7.00 19.92 26.92

4 28A004R Patle-Duipipal-Kolputar 38.00 37.82 37.82 37.82 37.82 37.82

5 28A005R

Likhukhola-Kabilas-Ghalebhanjyang-Thaprek-Betini-Golfubhanjyang 35.00 27.75 27.75 27.75 27.75 27.75 7.25

6 28A006R Samundratar-Ramati-Kutungkhola-Ghyangphedi 10.00 9.86 9.86 9.86 9.86 9.86

7 28A007R Chhahare-Shivalaya-Talakhu-Patibhanjyang 20.00 17.51 17.51 17.51 17.51 17.51 2.49

8 28A008R Okharpauwa-Chauthe-Kumari-Kolputar 50.00 39.16 3.00 5.00 31.16 3.00 5.00 31.16 8.00 31.16 36.16 10.84

9 28A009R Ranipauwa-Chaturale-Belkot-Tadi Bridge 13.00 13.16 13.16 13.16 13.16 13.16

10 28A010R Gangate-Labdu-Samundratar-Golphu Bhanjyang 48.00 47.94 25.00 10.00 12.94 25.00 10.00 12.94 35.00 12.94 22.94

11 28A011R Gurje-Samundradevi-Purnibhanjyang-Alchhe 11.00 11.26 3.00 8.26 3.00 8.26 3.00 8.26 11.26 12 28A012R Trishuli-Samari-Bharyang Bhurung 19.00 18.58 18.58 18.58 18.58 18.58

13 28A013R Ganesthan-Najarmandap-Dandako Pato 20.00 3.29 3.29 3.29 3.29 3.29 16.71

14 28A014R Shole-Satdobato-Bhalchhe-Salme 23.00 23.11 23.11 23.11 23.11 23.11

15 28A015R Multhala-Chhatrekhola-Budhasing-Taruka 20.00 20.01 20.01 20.01 20.01 20.01

16 28A016R Apraha-Rautar-Ghalebhanjyang 12.00 15.33 15.33 15.33 15.33 15.33

17 28A017R Kaulethana-Mahendra Ma.vi.-Thansingphat 14.00 13.96 13.96 13.96 13.96 13.96

18 28A018R Satbise-Deurali-Bagmara-Malabhanjyang 13.00 13.09 13.09 13.09 13.09 13.09

19 28A019R Trishuli-Sole Bajar 9.00 9.20 9.20 0.00 9.20 0.00 9.20 0.00 9.20



a) Briefs on District Roads “A”

Study and analysis shows that Nuwakot district has 19 district roads of class A. Most of the

district roads have earthen surface restricting their operations in only fair weather condition.

Moreover, construction quality of the road is poor and has to be upgraded to all weather

roads to increase accessibility of the people and improve overall transport situation of the

district. Different roads need different type of interventions as given in summary table

above. The briefs on individual district roads are given below:

Trishuli - Deurali - Meghang – Thambukhola (28A001R)

The road length is about 33.5 km out of which 9.5 Km is gravelled and the rest is earthen. It

starts from Trishuli Bazar and ends at Thampukhola, connecting Hattigauda, Thumka,

Khadkathok and Lamatar of Bidur municipality, Tadbisauna, Bhyagute, Gahate, Pokhari

Bhanjyang, Bhairamkot, Gairithok of Tupche VDC, Khursani of Kalyanpur VDC, Gogane,

Kali Pokhari, Deurali, Plenplen, Keurini and Senen of Deurali VDC, Serlenar, Meghang and

Kimtang Tallogaung of Kimtang VDC. The road is ascending -descending type. The road

needs upgrading. The population influenced is 13533 and area influenced is 41.88 Sq.km.

Nuwakot- Bageshwori–Urleni-Kalche-Malabhanjyang Road (28A002R)

The road length is about 32km. It starts from Nuwakot Durbar (960msl), historical piace. It

connects Mahamandaldanda and Keurini Bhanjyang of Bidur Municipality, Dhakalgaun and

Kitinikhani of Khanigaun VDC, Bhadrechaur, Phalate, Chinne, Barmedanda, Hille, Chokade

and Paharethok of Bageshwori VDC, Chhap, Ugaun, Lachyang, Jongdanda, Solumini,

Pranggaun and Somrang Lachyang VDC, and ends at Urleni(1600msl) of Urleni VDC. The

road is earthen and motorable about 29km and remaining 3 km road needs even track

opening. The motorable parts also should be upgraded. The road is ascending -descending

type. The population influenced is 17504 and area influenced is 36.65 Sq.km.

Mandredunga-Khadgabhanjyang-Gorshyang-Dansing-Kapahalpani Road (28A003R)

The road length is about 24.5km. It starts from Mandredhunga (520msl) of Charghare VDC

and ends at Kaphalpani (1615msl) Border of Dansing VDC near Kaule of Khalte VDC of

Dhading district connecting different settlements like Multhala, Ratmate and Chainpur of

Charghare VDC and crosses ainpur Khola. Then it connects Gadpani and Bhyaure of

Khadga Bhanjyang VDC, amara, Gorsyang, Manadanda, Baseri and Nigleni of Gorsyang

VDC and hapdanda, Chilaune and Laphe of Dansing VDC. The road is ascending - lending

type. The road requires rehabilitation. The population influenced is 11437 and area

influenced is 32.34Sq.km.

Patle -Duipipal - Kolputar Road (28A004R)

The road length is about 41km with the existing length of 38Km. It starts from Patle

(1500msl) of Kakani VDC on Pasang Lahamu Highway and ends at Kolputar (450msl) of

Duipipal VDC on Devighat - Galchhi - Pipaltar road. It follows settlements like Arukharka,

Serabhanjyang and Kaphal Chaur of Belkot VDC, Mathillo Jhyanli of Kumari VDC and

Siurini, Panchase, Dandakharka Khabategaun, Rupsepani, Archale, Duipipal, Lamachaur



Thulogaun, Jhilkeshwor Mahadevdanda, Adheri Kholagaun and Bhadure of Duipipal VDC.

The road is motorable for few months. The road is ascending -descending type. The road

requires rehabilitation. About 3 km road is to be newly constructed. The population

influenced is 11057 and area influenced is 44.72 Sq.km.

Likhukhola-Kabilas-Ghalebhanjyang-Thaprek-Betini-Golfubhanjyang (28A005R)

The road length is about 35km with the existing length of 28Km of earthen surface. It starts

from Likhukhola at Kabilasi VDC and ends at Golphubhanjyang of Gaukharka VDC. It

follows settlements like Ghalebhanjyang of Panchakanya VDC, Manebhanjyng of Balkumari

VDC and various settlements of Thaprek and Betini VDCs. The road is motorable for few

months. The road is ascending -descending type. The road requires rehabilitation. About 7

km road is to be newly constructed.

Samundratar-Ramati-Kutungkhola-Ghyangphedi (28A006R)

The road length is about 10km with the existing length of 10Km of earthen surface. It starts

from Samundratar of Samundratar VDC and ends at Ghyangphedi of Ghyangphedi VDC. It

follows settlements like Bhedabari of Shikharabesi VDC, Negi, Selchung and Ghyalme of

Ghyangphedi VDC. The road is motorable for few months and requires upgrading and

rehabilitation.

Chhahare-Shivalaya-Talakhu-Patibhanjyang (28A007R)

The road length is about 20km with the existing length of 17.5 Km of earthen surface and

reuires 2Km new construction. It starts from Chhahare of Tahnapati VDC and ends at

Shivalaya of Chhap VDC. It follows settlements like Dumre of Bhadratar and Maldanda of

Mahakali VDC. The road is motorable for few months and requires upgrading and

rehabilitation.

Okharpauwa-Chauthe-Kumari-Kolputar (28A008R)

The road length is about 50km with an existing length of 39 Km and has 3Km black top, 5

Km gravel and rest earthen surface. The road starts at Jitpur Phedi of Kahmandu near

Okharpauwa VDC and passes through Chauthe, Kumari, and Ratmate and finally ends at

Galchhi of Dhading district. The existing part requires upgrading and rehabilitation. The

population influenced is 8195 and area influenced is 31.73 Sq.km. About 11 Km of this road

is to be newly constructed.

Ranipauwa-Chaturale-Belkot-Tadi Bridge (28A009R)

The road length is about 13km in which has earthen surface along its length. It starts from

Ranipauwa of Kakani VDC on Pasang Lhamu Highway and follows Barmandi, Majhgaun,

Chaturale, Bhangerigaun, Dumrichaur, Dharapani, Budhunegaun and Tulasidanda of

Chaturale, Dhadphedi, Ghodghat, Dandagaun and Buchiyatar of Madanpur VDC and ends

near at Tadi Bridge of the highway. The road is ascending -descending type upto

Dhandphedi. The road requires rehabilitation. The population influenced is 3407 and area

influenced is 12.81 Sq.km.



Gangate -Labdu-Samundratar-Golphu Bhanjyang (28A010R)

The road length is about 48km in which 25 Km is black topped, 10 Km is gravelled and rest

is earthen. It starts from Gangate of Bidur Municipality and ends at Golphu anjyang of Betini

VDC border of the district connecting Barphedi, Barkaule, Dhikure Bazar and Labdu of

Khanigaun VDC, Machha Pokhari, Phedibesi, Bhakre and rabote of Ganeshsthan VDC,

Shahare and Bahunbesi Apra of Narjamandap VDC, Kumaltar and Kharaniphant of

Kharanitar VDC, Kosgade and Barabise of Ralukadevi VDC, Dhade of Sundaradevi VDC,

Naubise and Samundratar of Samundratar VDC, Kaphle, Rautbesi and Kharkhet of

Rautbesi VDC and Purgaun, Dandagaun and Thulo Bhanjyang of Betini VDC. The road

follows Tadi Khola at starting and then Chake Khola and Golphu Khola. The road requires

upgrading. The road requires upgrading and rehabilitation. The population influenced is

20801 and area influenced is 52.12 Sq.km.

Gurje-Samundradevi-Purnibhanjyang-Alchhe (28A011R)

The road length is about 11 Km with 3 Km gravel and rest is earthen surface. It starts from

Gurje of Samundradevi VDC and ends at Alchhe of Sikre VDC. It follows settlements of

both these VDCs. The road is motorable for few months and requires upgrading and

rehabilitation.

Trishuli- Samari -Bharyang Bhurung (28A012R)

The road length is about 19 km with an earthen surface. It starts from Trishuli

Bazar(520msl) and ends at Bharyang Bhurung(1080msl) of Samari VDC border of the

district with Dhading connecting Baguwa Bazar and Raising of Bidur Municipality, Dhade,

Ajingare, Deudi, Kagune and Khamari settlements of Kalyanpur VDC and Chilaunebas,

Samari Bhanjyang, Tidu Bhatti and Jor Chautara of Samari VDC. The road is motorable

upto Bharyang Bhurung. The road follows Samari Khola upto Samari Bhanjyang and then

follows Thopal Khola. The road needs upgrading. The population influenced is 14641 and

area influenced is 41.94 Sq.km.

Ganesthan-Najarmandap-Dandako Pato (28A013R)

The road length is about 20km with the existing length of 3Km of earthen surface and

reuires 17Km new construction. It starts from Phedibesi of Ganesthan VDC and ends at

Dandako Pato of Najarmandap VDC. It follows settlements Pauwathok and Amare of these

two VDCs. The existing part of the road is motorable for few months and requires

upgrading and rehabilitation

Shole-Satdobato-Bhalche-Salme (28A014R)

The road is about 23 Km in length. It starts from Sole Bazar of Tupche VDC connecting

settlements like Jagatdanda, Pokhari, chapdanda, Manegaun and Karkigaun of

Manakamana VDC, Satdobato, Karkale and Majhthok of Phikuri VDC, Kaulebesi and

Neuchet of Kaule VDC, Dandathok of Bhalchhe VDC and ends at Salme.The road requires



upgrading and rehabilitation. The population influenced is 4363 and area influenced is

18.75 Sq.km.

Multhala-Chhatrekhola-Budhasing-Taruka (28A015R)

The road length is about 25km in which existing is about 20kmm. It starts from

Mandredhunga (520msl) of Charghare VDC and ends at Kausini (1120msl) Border of

Taruka VDC near Dhading district connecting Gairitar, Bhorletar and Buwanibesi of

Charghare VDC, Phrkep Devighat and Kumaltar of Khadga Bhanjyang and Budhasing,

Dahalthok, Dhodgaun and Purano Budhasing of Budhasing VDC and Tersapani,

Basibudha, Khani, Akhatare and Badare of Taruka VDC.The road is motorable from both .

The road follows Trishuli river upto Khadga Bhanjyang and remaining part is ascending -

descending type. The road requires rehabilitation. The population influenced is 5747 and

area influenced is 23.95 Sq.km.

Apraha-Rautar-Ghalebhanjyang (28A016R)

The road is about 15 Km in length. It starts from Apraha of Kabilas VDC connecting

settlements like Misraphant, Manethok, Lakuri Bhanjyang and Ghalegau of Panchakanya

VDC and ends at Ghalebhanyang of Panchakanya VDC.The road requires upgrading and

rehabilitation. The road has earthen surface and accessible only in dry season.

Kaulethana-Mahendra Ma.vi.-Thansingphat (28A017R)

The road is about 14 Km in length with the surface type earthen. It starts from Kaulethana

of Thansing VDC connecting settlements like Tinghare, Chhapthok and Makaichaur of

Thansing VDC and ends at Thansingphat of Thansing VDC.The road requires upgrading

and rehabilitation. The road has earthen surface and accessible only in dry season.

Satbise-Deurali-Bagmara-Malabhanjyang (28A018R)

The road is about 13 Km in length with the surface type earthen. It starts from Satbise of

Samundradevi VDC connecting settlements like Kaule and Hile and Samundradevi VDC

and ends at Malabhnajhyang of Shikharbesi VDC.The road requires upgrading and

rehabilitation. The road has earthen surface and accessible only in dry season.

Trishuli-Sole Bazar (28A019R)

The road length is about 9.2 km. The road starts from Trishuli Bazar of Bidur Municipality

and ends at Sole Bazar of Tupche VDC. This road is the gateway to Manakamana, Kaule,

Bhalchhe and Salme VDCs and runs along Trishuli Ganga River. The road requires

rehabilitation.



4.3 SUMMARY OF RURAL ROADS “B”

Table 4.3: Summary of District Roads Class “B”

SN Road Code

Road Name Total

length


Road status (Black topped/Gravel/Earthen)

Surface condition (Good/Fair/Poor)

Serviceability (All Weather/Fair

Weather)

Required Intervention (Km)

Black top


weather Fair

weather Upgrading/

Rehab New

Const.

1 28B001R Dhamale-Jiling VDC Bhawan-Khatiwodagaun-Duipipal

15.00 15.23 15.23 15.23 15.23 15.23

2 28B002R Kaulethana-Sanochitre-Chauthe-Dumrichaur 16.00 16.22 16.22 16.22 16.22 16.22

3 28B003R Barahi-Bhrikuti School-Duikadam-Nayapul 7.50 7.68 7.68 7.68 7.68 7.68

4 28B004R Deurali-Bantang-Salme 13.00 3.44 3.44 3.44 3.44 3.44 9.56

5 28B005R Thansing-Suryamati-Malakot-Madanpur-Belkot-Taadi Pul

17.00 17.04 17.04 17.04 17.04 17.04

6 28B006R Gerkhutar-Chokade 14.50 14.35 4.00 10.35 4.00 10.35 4.00 10.35 14.35

7 28B007R Tarukaghat-Kausini-Dhading 15.00 14.74 14.74 14.74 14.74 14.74

8 28B008R Kagune-Chiuribhanjyang 8.00 8.28 8.28 8.28 8.28 8.28

9 28B009R Belkot-Kalighumti-Raikare-Bagaicha-Khaltepani-Bhritkuti

4.00 3.98 3.98 3.98 3.98 3.98

10 28B010R Alchhe-Shikre-Gabisa Bhawan 8.00 8.19 8.19 8.19 8.19 8.19

11 28B011R Thanabhanjyang-Sunkhani-Budhisera 5.00 4.94 4.94 4.94 4.94 4.94

12 28B012R Talakhu-Chisapani 4.00 3.82 3.82 3.82 3.82 3.82

13 28B013R Shivalaya-Patibhanjyang-Chisapani-Sundarijal 11.00 10.90 10.90 10.90 10.90 10.90

14 28B014R Betrawati-Keraghari-Mahabir-Kuwapani-Bhorlebhanjyang

10.00 3.19 3.19 3.19 3.19 3.19 6.81

15 28B015R Sole Bajar-Kaule-Bungtang 15.00 6.63 6.63 6.63 6.63 6.63 8.37

16 28B016R Kundala Ma.Vi-Gare-Manebhanjyang 7.00 6.72 6.72 6.72 6.72 6.72

17 28B017R Budhasing-Darshantar-Tarukabesi-Koshikhola 7.00 6.69 6.69 6.69 6.69 6.69

18 28B018R Mahendra Ma.Vi-Belaspur-Suryamati-Malakot 10.00 10.10 10.10 10.10 10.10 10.10

19 28B019R Ranipauwa-Gauribas-Jagare-Hile (Tourist Route) 9.00 8.90 8.90 8.90 8.90 8.90

20 28B020R Kakani-Simle-Thanapati-Chaiju-Kapfaldada sadak 9.50 9.52 9.52 9.52 9.52 9.52

21 28B021R Budhisera-Chhap 7.00 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35 7.35

22 28B022R Barabise-Jyhanglipokhari 4.00 4.08 4.08 4.08 4.08 4.08

23 28B023R Shivalaya-Talakhu-Sundarijal 10.00 9.93 3.00 6.93 3.00 6.93 3.00 6.93 9.93

24 28B024R Samari-Dansing 6.00 6.11 6.11 6.11 6.11 6.11



SN Road Code

Road Name Total

length


Road status (Black topped/Gravel/Earthen)

Surface condition (Good/Fair/Poor)

Serviceability (All Weather/Fair

Weather)

Required Intervention (Km)

Black top


weather Fair

weather Upgrading/

Rehab New

Const.

25 28B025R Shakti Ma.Vi-Dadakateri-Badhare-Malakot 10.00 10.12 10.12 10.12 10.12 10.12

26 28B026R Alchhe-Maidan-Chhap-Shivalaya 10.00 9.47 3.00 6.47 3.00 6.47 3.00 6.47 9.47

27 28B027R Dadhuwa-Majuwa-Chisapani-Belkot 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00 13.00

28 28B028R Bahunbesi-Dadakopato-Lachyang 8.50 8.46 8.46 8.46 8.46 8.46

29 28B029R Dhikurebajar-Kalimati-Halde 6.00 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 2.07 3.93

30 28B030R Gadkhar-Aapraha 8.00 7.73 7.73 7.73 7.73 7.73

31 28B031R Rammandir-Panchakanya-Lamichhanegaun-Falate

5.50 5.28 5.28 5.28 5.28 5.28

32 28B032R Sheretar-subedidada-Thantibhanjyang 9.50 9.49 9.49 9.49 9.49 9.49

33 28B033R Kharanitar-Raluka Maidan-Chilaunegaun-Baghmara

4.00 3.65 3.65 3.65 3.65 3.65

34 28B034R Kharkhet-Thulo Golphu 10.50 10.45 10.45 10.45 10.45 10.45

35 28B035R Satbise-Thaprek-Ghalebhanjyang 8.00 7.85 7.85 7.85 7.85 7.85

36 28B036R Ganesthanphedi-Hiramunitar-Halde-Chokade 8.00 7.85 7.85 7.85 7.85 7.85

37 28B037R Chuiribhanjyang-Bungtang-Kirnebagar 8.00 8.12 8.12 8.12 8.12 8.12

38 28B038R Gorsyang-Sankhadevi Ma.Vi-Haldephat-Dansing-Bhorleni

14.50 14.44 14.44 14.44 14.44 14.44

39 28B039R Ratmate-Duipipal -Dabali 4.75 4.61 4.61 4.61 4.61 4.61

40 28B040R Samundratar-Hung-Kadeni-Kutumshang 14.00 13.96 13.96 13.96 13.96 13.96

41 28B041R Mangala Ma.Vi-Todkebhanjyang-Mahakali 8.50 8.56 8.56 8.56 8.56 8.56

42 28B042R Dhulpul-Dumrechaur-Belkot 8.00 7.86 7.86 7.86 7.86 7.86

43 28B043R Samari Bhanjyang-Prepgau-Kintang 9.00 8.95 8.95 8.95 8.95 8.95

44 28B044R Bidur N.P-Chambhanjyang-Charghare-Kuwa(Deurali)

9.00 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22 9.22

45 28B045R Trishuli Bajar-Bogatigau-Keurini Bhanjyang 4.00 4.14 4.14 0.00 4.14 0.00 4.14 0.00 4.14

46 28B046R Gurje-Chhahare-Chapabote 20.00 20.11 10.00 10.11 10.00 10.11 10.00 10.11 20.11

47 28B047R Samari Bhanjyang-Thulo Dada-Phalante 10.00 10.07 10.07 10.07 10.07 10.07



b) Briefs on District Roads “B”

Dhamale-Jiling VDC Bhawan-Khatiwodagaun-Duipipal Road (28B001R)

The total length of the road is 15 km.The total length of the road is earthen.The road starts

from Dhamale passes through Jiling V.D.C bhawan, Khatiwodagaun and ends at

Duipipal.The road needs periodic upgrading and maintainance.

Kaulethana-Sanochitre-Chauthe-Dumrichaur Road (28B002R)

The total length of the road 16 km.The total length of the road is earthen.The road starts

from Kaulethana passes through Bidur, Charghare, Gorshyang and Dansing V.D.Cs and

ends at Dumrichaur.The road needs periodic upgrading and maintainance.

Barahi-Bhrikuti School-Duikadam-Nayapul Road (28B003R)

The total length of the road 7.5 km.The total length of the road is earthen.The road starts

from Barahi passes through Charghare, Khadgabhangyang, Budasing and Taruka V.D.Cs

and ends at Nayapul.The road needs periodic upgrading and maintainance.

Deurali-Bantang-Salme Road (28B004R)

The total length of the road 13 km and 9.5 km under this road requires new

construction.The surface of the existing part is earthen and 3.5 Km in length.The road starts

from Deurali passes through Kakani and Chaturale V.D.Cs and ends at Salme.The road

needs periodic upgrading and maintainance.

Thansing-Suryamati-Malakot-Madanpur-Belkot-Taadi Pul Road (28B005R)

The total length of the road 17 km.The road is earthen.The road starts from Thansing VDC

passes through MadanpurV.D.C and ends atTadipul. The road needs periodic upgrading

and maintainance.

Gerkhutar-Chokade (28B006R)

The road length is about 14.5 km. It starts from Gerkhutar connects Deurali, Majhgaun,

khatrigaun, Barugaun, Dandagaun, Majh Gerkhu and Upallo Gerkhu of Gerkhu VDC and

ends at Chokade at Bageshwori on Nuwakot - Bageshwori - Urleni Road. The road is

motorable. The road is ascending -descending type. The road is gravelled 4Km and rest is

earthen that requires rehabilitation.

Tarukaghat-Kausini-Dhading (28B007R)

The road is about 15 Km in length. It starts from Tarukakhet of Taruka VDC and ends at Dhading near Deurali Bhanjyang. The road is earthen and requires upgrading and rehabilitation.

Kagune -Chiyuribhanjyang (28B008R)

The road is about 8 Km in length. It starts from Kagune of Kalyanpur VDC and ends at

Chiyuribhanjyang of Deurali VDC via Chambhanjyang and Charghare. This road meets



the Trishuli-Thambukhola road .The road is earthen and requires upgrading and rehabilitation.

Belkot-Kalighumti-Raikare-Bagaicha-Khaltepani-Bhritkuti (28B009R)

The road is about 4Km in length. It starts from Pokharithok of Belkot VDC and ends at Simpani of Madanpur VDC near Bhrikuti school.The road is earthen and requires upgrading and rehabilitation. Alchhe-Shikre-Gabisa Bhawan (28B010R)

The road length is about 8 km. The road starts at Sikre, crosses Sikre Khola, connects Alchhe, Suryabhumi and Tallo Pundi and ends at Lapse near at Mahendra Secondary School on Chhahare Shivalaya Talakhu road. Thanabhanjyang-Sunkhani-Budhisera (28B011R) The road length is about 5 km. The road starts at ThanaBhanjyang connects Hattigauda, Swaratol, Gairitol, Chautaratol, Narsingtol, Bhetwalthok, Pantathok, Pandetol, and Biruwatol of Sunkhani VDC and ends at Chhahare - Shivalaya - Talakhu road near Budhisera. The road is earthen and requires upgrading and rehabilitation.

Talakhu-Chisapani (28B012R) The road length is about 4 km. It starts at Talakhu of Talakhu VDC connects Rangmen and ends at Chisapani near Chipadanda at Shivapuri inspection road. The road is earthen and requires upgrading and rehabilitation. Shivalaya-Patibhanjyang-Chisapani-Sundarijal (28B013R) The road length is about 11 km. It starts at Shivalaya VDC connects Patibhanjyang,

Chisapani of Kumari VDC and ends at Sundarijal. The road is earthen and requires upgrading and rehabilitation.

Betrawati-Keraghari-Mahabir-Kuwapani-Bhorlebhanjyang (28B014R)

The road is about 10 Km in length with an existing length of 3.2 Km and requires 6.8 Km

new construction. It starts from Betrawati of Gerkhu VDC, passes through

Samundradevi, Sunkhani, Thanapati, Thansing and ends at Bhorlebhanjyang. The road

is earthen and requires upgrading and rehabilitation.

Sole Bajar-Kaule-Bungtang (28B015R) The road is about 15 Km in length with an existing length of 6.6 Km and 8.4 Km requires new construction. It starts from Sole Bajar of Manakamana VDC and via Fikuri, Kaule

and finally ends at Bungtang. The road is earthen and requires upgrading and rehabilitation.



Kundala Ma.Vi-Gare-Manebhanjyang (28B016R) The road starts Lapse of Mahakali VDC, passes through Garegaun of Mahakali VDC

and end at Manebhanjyang of Balkumari VDC. The 7 Km road is earthen and needs

upgrading and rehabilitation. The road is ascending and descending.

Budhasing-Darshantar-Tarukabesi-Koshikhola (28B017R) The road starts at Budhasing and ends at Pimaltar of Taruka VDC. The length of road is 7 km. The road connects Darsantar, Dhodbesi, Tarukaghat and Pimaltar. This road is valley road along side of Trishuli River. The road further connects with Dhading district. The road is earthen and needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Mahendra Ma.Vi-Belaspur-Suryamati-Malakot (28B018R) The road starts at Mahendra Ma.Vi of Thansing VDC near Thansing Birta. The length of

road is 10 km. The road connects Belaspur, Pandegaun and Nakatachaur and finally

ends at Malakot of Suryamati VDC. The road is earthen and needs upgrading and

rehabilitation.

Ranipauwa-Gauribas-Jagare-Hile (Tourist Route) (28B019R) The road starts at Ranipauwa of Kakani VDC. The length of road is 9 km. The road

connects Kaulethana, Jagare Bhanjyang of Chaute VDC and finally ends at Hile of

Kakani VDC. The road is earthen and needs upgrading and rehabilitation. This road is

important tourist route in the district.

Kakani-Simle-Thanapati-Chaiju-Kapfaldadasadak (28B020R)

The road starts at Kakani of Kakani VDC. The length of road is 9.5 km. The road

connects Tinghare, Chaiju, and Hadigaun of Kakani VDC and finally ends at

Kaphaldanda of Kakani VDC. The road is earthen and needs upgrading and

rehabilitation.

Budhisera-Chhap (28B021R)

The road starts at Budhisera of Bhadratar VDC and ends at Panchakanya near Chhap

of Bhadratar VDC. The length of road is 7 km. The road connects Chuwandanda of

Bhadratar VDC. The road is earthen and needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Barabise-Jyhanglipokhari (28B022R)

The road starts at Barhabise of Dhading district and ends at Jyanglipokhari of Kumari

VDC. The length of road is 4 km. The road connects Nayanbasti of Kumari VDC. The

road is earthen and needs upgrading and rehabilitation.



Shivalaya-Talakhu-Sundarijal (28B023R)

The road starts at Shivalaya of Chhap VDC and ends at Sundarijal, Kathmandu. The

length of road is 10 km. The road connects Talakhu of Talakhu VDC. The road is 3Km

gravel and 7Km earthen and needs upgrading and rehabilitation. This road is an

important inter-district linkage as it connects the capital city Kathmandu.

Samari-Dansing (28B024R)

The road starts at Samari Bhanjyang of Samari VDC and ends near Syaldanda of

Dansing VDC. The length of road is 6 km. The road connects Bhange of Samari VDC.

The road is earthen and needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Shakti Ma.Vi-Dadakateri-Badhare-Malakot (28B025R)

The road starts at Shakti Ma.Vi of Madanpur VDC passes through Dandakateri,

Badhare and finally ends at Malakot of Madanpur VDC. The length of road is 10 km.

The road is earthen and needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Alchhe-Maidan-Chhap-Shivalaya (28B026R)

The road starts at Alchhe of Shikre VDC passes through Maidan of Likhu VDC,

Chauguan and Chhap of Chhap VDC and finally ends at Shivalaya of Chhap VDC. The

length of road is 10 km with 3 Km gravel surface and rest earthen. The road needs

upgrading and rehabilitation.

Dadhuwa-Majuwa-Chisapani-Belkot (28B027R)

The road starts at Dadhuwa of Duipipal VDC at Trishuli Rasuwagadhi feeder road

passes through Majhuwaguan and Diyale of Jiling, Chisapani of Belkot VDC and finally

ends at Belkot of Belkot VDC. The length of road is 13 km and has earthen surface. The

road needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Bahunbesi-Dadakopato-Lachyang (28B028R)

The road starts at Bahunbesi of Najarmandap VDC passes through Dandakotpato and

and Najarmandap of Najarmandap VDC and finally ends at Lachayan VDC near

Ungaun. The length of road is 8.5 km and has earthen surface. The road needs


Dhikurebajar-Kalimati-Halde (28B029R)

The road starts at Labdu near Dhikurebajar of Khanigaun VDC passes through Kalimati

of Haldekalika VDC and finally ends at Halde of Haldekalika VDC. The length of road is



6 km with an existing length of 2 km and has earthen surface with 4Km new

construction. The road needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Gadkhar-Aapraha (28B030R)

The road starts at Gadkhar of Chaugadha VDC passes through Baniyatar of

Chaugadha VDC and finally ends at Aapraha of Kabilas VDC. The length of road is 8

km and has earthen surface with 4Km new construction. The road needs upgrading and

rehabilitation.

Rammandir-Panchakanya-Lamichhanegaun-Falate (28B031R)

The road starts at Rammandir near Barphedi of Khanigau VDC passes through

Khanigau of Khanigau VDC and finally ends at Phalante of Bageshwori Chokade VDC.

The length of road is 5.5 km and has earthen surface. The road needs upgrading and

rehabilitation.

Sheretar-subedidada-Thantibhanjyang (28B032R)

The road starts at Sheretar of Kabilas VDC passes through Parthok of Chaugadha

VDC, Chhapthok and Dandathok of Kabilas VDC and finally ends at Thantibhanjyang of

Kabilas VDC. The length of road is 9.5 km and has earthen surface. The road needs


Kharanitar-Raluka Maidan-Chilaunegaun-Baghmara (28B033R)

The road starts at Kharaniphat of Kharanitar VDC passes through Raluka, Maidan and

Chilaunegaun settlements and finally ends at Baghmara of Ralukadevi VDC. The length

of road is 4 km and has earthen surface. The road needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Kharkhet-Thulo Golphu (28B034R)

The road starts at Kharkhet of Rautbesi VDC passes through Gaukharka VDC, Naigaun

and Maple of Betini VDC and finally ends at Thulo Golphu of Betini VDC. The length of

road is 10.5 km and has earthen surface. The road needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Satbise-Thaprek-Ghalebhanjyang (28B035R)

The road starts at Satbise of Thaprek VDC passes through Bhattigaun and Thaprek of

Thaprek VDC, and finally ends at Ghalebhanjyang of Panchakanya VDC. The length of

road is 8 km and has earthen surface. The road needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Ganesthanphedi-Hiramunitar-Halde-Chokade (28B036R)

The road starts at Phedibesi of Ganesthan VDC passes through Hiramunitar, Darme

and Halde of Haldekalika VDC, and finally ends at Chokade of Bageshwori Chokade

VDC. The length of road is 8 km and has earthen surface. The road needs upgrading

and rehabilitation.



Chuiribhanjyang-Bungtang-Kirnebagar (28B037R)

The road starts at Chuiribhanjyang Deurali VDC passes through Alchet, Sarbachet and

Gairaphum of Bungtang VDC and finally ends at Kirnebajar of Kaule VDC. The length of


Gorsyang-Sankhadevi Ma.Vi-Haldephat-Dansing-Bhorleni (28B038R)

The road starts near Darshantar at Multhala-Taruka road passes through Sankhadevi

Ma.Vi, Bhorleni and Haldephat of Dansing VDC and finally ends at Laphe of Dansing

VDC. The length of road is 14.5 km and has earthen surface. The road needs


Ratmate-Duipipal –Dabali (28B039R)

The road starts near Gairigaun of Ratmate VDC at Kathmandu-Trishuli feeder road

passes through Dhansar and Tinghare of Ratmate VDC and finally ends at Dabali of

Duipipal VDC. The length of road is 4.75 km and has earthen surface. The road needs


Samundratar-Hung-Kadeni-Kutumshang (28B040R)

The road starts at Samundratar of Samundratar VDC passes through Hung of Rautbesi

VDC, Kadeni of Gaunkharka VDC and finally ends at Kutumshang of Gaunkharka VDC.

The length of road is 14 km and has earthen surface. The road needs upgrading and

rehabilitation.

Mangala Ma.Vi-Todkebhanjyang-Mahakali Road (28B041R)

The total length of the road 8.5 km.The total length of the road is earthen.The road starts

from Mangala Ma. Vi passes through Samundradevi and ShikreV.D.C sand ends at

Mahakali..The road needs periodic upgrading and maintainance.

Dhulpul-Dumrechaur-Belkot Road (28B042R)

The total length of the road 8 km.The total length of the road is earthen.The road starts from

Dhulpul passes through Samundradevi and ShikreV.D.C sand ends at Belkot..The road


Samari Bhanjyang-Prepgau-Kintang Road (28B043R)

The total length of the road 9 km.The total length of the road is earthen.The road starts from

Samari Bhanjyangpasses through SamundradeviV.D.C sand ends at Kingtang..The road


Bidur N.P-Chambhanjyang-Charghare-Kuwa (Deurali) Road (28B044R)

The total length of the road 9 Km.The total length of the road is earthen.The road starts

from Bidur N.P and passes through Bhadratar V.D.C and ends at Kuwa (Deurali).The road




Trishuli Bajar-Bogatigau-Keurini Bhanjyang (28B045R)

The road starts at Trishuli of Bidur Municipality, passes Pandegaun and Bogatigaun,

and finally ends at Phalante of Gerkhu VDC. The length of road is 4 km and has gravel

surface. The road needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Gurje-Chhahare-Chapabote (28B046R)

The road starts at Gurje of Samundradevi VDC passes through Okhreni of Sunkhani

VDC, Kaphaldanda of Thanapati, and Chhahare of Thansing VDC and finally ends at

Chapabote of Thansing VDC. The length of road is 20 km with gravel 10 Km and rest

earthen surface. The road needs upgrading and rehabilitation.

Samari Bhanjyang-Thulo Dada-Phalante (28B047R)

The road starts at Samari Bhanjyang of Samari VDC passes through Pokhari and

Thulodanda of Samari VDC, and finally ends at Phalante of Samari VDC. The length of


List of Village Roads “C”

Table 4.4: Summary of Village Roads

S.N Road_Code Road Name Length (Km)

1 28C001R Deurali Dada-Bhange-Kallari-Taksar-Bharyang 7.00

2 28C002R Okhareni-Barsunchet 7.00

3 28C003R Dadakharka-Bhanjyangkharka-Tersapani 6.00

4 28C004R Lauke-Dangmai 6.50

5 28C005R Pokharithok-Dharpani-Bhhatagaun 5.00

6 28C006R Deurali-Gagara 4.00

7 28C007R Samundratar-Dadakharka 5.00

8 28C008R Dumrechaur Road-Chindekharka 3.00

9 28C009R Kharanitar-Praudanda 2.00

10 28C010R Mahendradhunga-Chhap-Kuwapani 14.00

11 28C011R Bageshwori-Deuralidanda 3.50

12 28C012R Dadhuwa-Majhuwa-Belkot 3.50

13 28C013R Gurje-Dandagaun-Chihandanda-Bhadratar 12.00

14 28C014R Dandagaun-Mahakali 3.00

15 28C015R Arkhaule-Phedigaun-Bhanjyangthok 7.00

16 28C016R Budhisera-Bhadratar 2.00

17 28C017R Bhadtratar-Ghalebhanjyang 5.50

18 28C018R Chihandanda-Kalleri 2.00

19 28C019R Maldanda-Dahalthok 3.00

20 28C020R Mathillo Tame-Lamidanda-Bokedhunga 2.50

21 28C021R Barhabise-Dandagaun-Alchhidhunga 8.00

22 28C022R Batase-Sundarijal Road 3.00

23 28C023R Manebhanjyang-Gairigau-Rautebesi 4.50

24 28C024R Ramche-Gerkhu 4.50

25 28C025R Pokhari (Likhu)-Taikote Village Road 8.00

26 28C026R Sano Golphu-Talakhu 8.50

27 28C027R Talakhu( Batase Village Road) 3.50




28 28C028R Dansing-Bhorleni-Khanalgaun 4.00

29 28C029R Deurali Dada-Bhange-Kallari-Taksar-Bharyang 13.08

30 28C030R Samari Bhanjyang-Thulo Dada-Phalante 10.07

31 28C031R Okhareni-Barsunchet 7.18

32 28C032R Lauke-Dangmai 6.69

33 28C033R Pokharithok-Dharpani-Bhhatagaun 5.03

34 28C034R Durli-Gagara 3.88

35 28C035R Dansing-Bhorleni-Khanalgaun 3.23

36 28C036R Laphe-Budhasing 2.56

37 28C037R Dangmai-Deurali-Madanpur-Belkot- 7.68

38 28C038R Ghalegaun-Birtathok 9.10

39 28C039R Bhyangle-Sikharbesi 5.78

40 28C040R Samundratar-Dadakharka 4.75

41 28C041R Shreetar Apraha-Lakuri Bhanjyang 11.89

42 28C042R Dumrechaur Road-Chindekharka 3.06

43 28C043R Kharkhet-Golphu Bhanjyang 11.96

44 28C044R Kharanitar-Praudanda 1.37

45 28C045R Dadakharka-Bhanjyangkharka-Tersapani 5.88

46 28C046R Samari Bhanjyang-phalate 6

47 28C047R Gorsyang-Kagune 7.5

48 28C048R Gaukharka Bepcho-Ghyanphedi 5

49 28C049R Kaule - Mala Bhanjyang 4

50 28C050R Lauke - Dangmai - Ghalegaun 5

51 28C051R Bageshwori Kuwapani - Bohare 5.5

52 28C052R Kalyanpur - Harkapur — Khursani 3

53 28C053R Kagune - Amthang - Hulakghar 2.5

54 28C054R Okharpauwa Mahalaxmisthan 5

55 28C055R Urleni - Hebal - MalaBhanjyang 8

56 28C056R Battise - Bohare - Dandapato 5

57 28C057R Belkot - Chisapani 3.5

58 28C058R Dandagaun - Bhattathok 2.5

59 28C059R Chandeshwori- Chandikasthan - Sahugaun 3.5

60 28C060R KhadgaBhanjyang-Majuwa- Gorsyang 6

61 28C061R Madanpur-Keurini - Ghyang 3.5

62 28C062R Majhigaun- Basahadanda - Raniswara 2

63 28C063R Nigaledanda - Kakani 3

64 28C064R PuranoDanda - Simle - BhanjyangKharka 5

65 28C065R Rolche - Chhap 6

66 28C066R Mankamana-Archale 5

67 28C067R Devighat-Jyaniite-Nalgaun 5

68 28C068R Duipipal-Deurali-Mahadevkharka 3

69 28C069R Panchkhale-Jiling 2.5

70 28C070R Tharpugaun-Lamichanegaun-Jurethum 7

71 28C071R Chapbot-Gagregaun-Dumre 6

72 28C072R Chaturale-Sirubari-Thansing-Thapagaun 10

73 28C073R Dhamale-Madanpur-Dhungebeshi-Chaturale 4

74 28C074R Kharanitar-Raluka VDC office-ChHaunegaun-Bhedabari 10

75 28C075R Khanigaun-Khabarebagar bazaar-Kalimati-Haldekalika 4

76 28C076R Thatibhangynag -Chhapthok-Khatribeshi 3

77 28C077R Gangate-Kuwapani 3

78 28C078R Chhahare-Bhadrutar 10

79 28C079R Pimaltar-Kholebeshi-Dhading Deurali 5.5

80 28C080R Bi. Na. Pa 8 -Keurani 2




81 28C081R Bhattagau-Mulabari-Khadgabhangyang 7

82 28C082R Nuwakot-Durbar 3.5

83 28C083R Barahi-Bhrikuti Ma. Bi-Dandakateri 3

84 28C084R Machapokhari-Ganesh Ma. Bi.- Haldekalika 2.5

Total 448.19

4.4 LIST OF EXISTING TRAIL BRIDGE

Table 4.5: Existing Trail Bridges

SN Name of Bridge Right bank Left bank Name of

river/khola Span (m)

1 Dhikure Suryamati Khanigaun Tadi khola N 125.6

2 Kagune Dobhan Kalyanpur-7 Kalyanpur-3 Khahara khola D 74.7

3 Devi Ghat Bidur Khadkabhanjyang Trishuli D 107.4

4 Salankhu Manakamana Tupche salankhu khola D 89.0

5 Kolphu khola Goganpani Duipipal kolphu khola D 72.7

6 Deuikor Kalyanpur Kalyanpur Samari khola LN 61.2

7 Tadi/Dev Ghat Jiling Bidur Tadi khola N 49.1

8 Gadkhar Bilaspur Choughada Likhu khola N 180.0

9 Samudratar Samudratar Samudratar Tadi khola N 77.8

10 Jhagare Dobhan Routbesi Routbesi Baisang khola D 103.0

11 Anpra Kabilas Narja Tadi khola N 90.0

12 Dorkhu khola Kharanitar Narja Dorkhu khola D 86.4

13 Taruka Ghat Ratmate Taruka Trishuli D 190.0

14 Tupche Laharepauwa Tupche Trishuli D 87.0

15 Simra Brabot Ganesthan

Chav Gada Ganeshthan Tadi River D 130.0

16 Chahara Aptari Thansing Bhadutar D 221.0

17 Kolphu khola Kewalpur Kumari-4 Kolpu Khola D 60.0

18 Syapling khola Sumundra Devi-2

Sumundra Devi-3 Syapling khola D 44.0

19 Salakhu salankhu khola

20 Sialping Sialping khola D

21 Bhadratar Thanapati

22 Lachayang Lachayang-5 Lachayang-7

23 Samudratar Aapraha Samudratar

24 Jagram Ghat

25 Bhyangle Balkumari Samundra Devi-3 Tadi

26 Kholpu khola Kewalpur-Dhading

Kumari-Nuwakot Kolpu

27 Gorsing Khadkabhnjying Gorsing Bhyaure khola SD 39.2

28 Lapse Ghat Likhu Likhu Likhu khola SD 86.O

29 Shikharkhet Kakani Madanpur Khahare khola SD 97.5

30 Shivalaya Talakhu Talankhu Mishre khola SD 74.3

31 Shivalaya II Samundradevi Bhadraar Likhu khola SD 77.2

32 Dhang Pahara Chhap Talankhu Thulo khola SD 64.4

33 Ghatte Bridge Kakani Chaturale Ghatte khola SD 68.2

34 Ghatte khola Thanapati Thanapati Ghatte khola SD 17.2

35 Kolpu khola Okharpauwa-8 Okharpauwa-7 Kolpu khola SD 51.8

36 Perungdaha Madanpur-8 Chaturale-1 Chhahara khola SD 41.3



SN Name of Bridge Right bank Left bank Name of

river/khola Span (m)

37 Anpraha Bridge Madanpur Bidur Muni Tadi khola SD 148.0

38 Ghattevir Bridge Belkot Madanpur Belkot khola SD 51.0

39 Kamale Bridge Okharpauwa Okharpauwa Kolpu khola SD 65.6

40 Belkot khola Belkot-2 Belkot-5 Belkot khola SD 42.0

41 Jyamire Ratmate-2 Jiling-1 Thulo khola SD 49.1

42 Kattike Dovan Ghorsyang Dansing Kattike SD 59.6

43 Ambote Bsi Gaganpani Duipipal Kolpu SD 60.7

44 Dhodeni Ratmate-8 Buddhasingh-1 Trisuli River SD 120.0

45 Salankhu khola Balkot Bungtang salankhu khola LDH 20.0

46 Samari khola Deurali Samri Samari khola SD 55.2

47 Ghumaune Ghat Bidur Bidur Trishuli SD 97.4

48 Tumjung Barsunchet Satyadevi Tumjung SD 93.7

49 Sikremahakali Sikre Mahakali Likhu khola SD 59.5

50 Saptang Bhalche Salme Saptang SD 46.0

51 Bidur Bidur Charghare Trishuli SD 104.0

52 Shimkhet Jiling Khadkabhanjyang Trishuli SD 141.0

53 Kattike Bridge Manakamana Manakamana salankhu khola SD 87.1

54 Sangura Ratmate Ganeshsthan-6 Haldekalika-4 Khahare khola SD 88.0

55 Mahadevsthan Gerklhu Tupche Trishuli SD 112.0

56 Kukhure Dovan Panchankanya Kharanitar Tadi khola SD 65.4

57 Likhu khola Thanapati-9 Bhairutar-7 Likhu khola SD 50.2

58 Gomati Bridge Panchankanya-8

Taprek-9 Gomate khola SD 47.0

59 Bhainse Bridge Thaprek Kharanitar Trishuli SD 71.0

60 Satbise Thaprek Sundaradevi Tadi khola SD 58.4

61 Okhare Raluka Urlein Dorkhu khola SD 115.9

62 Suryamati Tadi khola

Rautbesi-7 Samundratar-7 Tadi khola SD 61.2

63 Gartir Ghyang Phedi-7

Shithanbesi-5 Kutung khola SD 95.5

64 Ghatte khola Sundaradevi Ralukadevi Ghatte SD 40.6

65 Gaunda Samundradevi-1

Samundratar-3 Suryamati SD 56.7

66 Magan khola Gaun Kharka Gaun Kharka Magan khola SD 63.5

67 Kyamuna Danda Balkumari Rautbesi Chandrawati SD 77.3

68 Pankhiraha Samundradevi Mahakali Likhu khola SD 95.7

69 Ghaiya Phogate Sikre Likhu Sikre khola SD 84.5

70 Kyamuna Goganpani Duipipal Kolpu khola SD 89.0.

71 Khahare khola Kalyanpur Deurali Khahare khola SD 67.1

72 Bisang khola Salme Valche Bisang khola SD 58.8

73 Shubha Ghat Gerklhu Bidur Trishuli SD 112.0

74 Ramati Shikharbesi Samundaratar Chandrawati SD 70.2

75 Bangare Betini Rautbesi Chandrawati SD 106.0

76 Budhsingaratmate Ratmate-1 Budhising-1 Trishuli SD 311.0

77 Sheramalakot Basphedi-3 Malkot-5 Tadi SD 336.0

78 Chagaun khola Chhap Chhap Chagaun khola SD 120.0

79 Narsingh Ghat Sikre Likhu Likhu khola SD 74.3

80 Banesware Ralukadevi Urleni Dorkhu khola SD 68.0 Source: Nepal Trail Bridge Record, Dolidar 2011



CHAPTER V: DISTRICT ROAD NETWORK PLANNING

Rural transportation provision is mainly to improve accessibility of the people to markets

and services and promoteeconomic activities and the marketing of the products. For rural

transport well planned. In the context of Nepal, a fixed point system model is adopted for

networking where junctions are confined to a finite set of location such as markets,

historical locations.

5.1 ACCESSIBILITY SITUATION

Nuwakot district is rich in road network structure. It has 6numbers of strategic roads, 19

number of class A district roads and 47 number of class B village roads. According to DoR

and DDC sources, there are 796 Km length of roads in the district, which are to be

upgraded to all weather road standards. Out of which Class A roads have length of 382.5

Km and Class B roads have length of 413.5Km. Existing total number of roads in the

district and their length shows the good transport situation in the district.

Nuwakot district has 19 district roads of class A and 47 district roads of class B. Most of the

district roads are earthen surface. Therefore, almost all of the roads are fair weather roads.

Study reveals that accessibility area can be categorized into accessible and partially

accessible VDCs.

Road density is high in the southern part of the district as compared to the northern part

where settlement is dispersed and geographical condition is unfavourable. Being the district

headquarters, Trishuli is linked by many district roads and village roads along with railway.

Population of the western part of the district depends on Dhading in order to receive higher

degree of function. Whereas, people of the northern end have choices to get higher degree

function either from Kathmandu, through the strategic road network.

5.2 ZONE OF INFLUENCE AREA

National Transport Policy has considered 4 hrs walking distance as the zone of influence

(ZoI) for the hilly terrain. Many influencing factos such as a) the degree of slope, b)

existence of rivers and c) existence of river crossing were used in determining the ZoI. The

Zone of Influence (ZoI) area is determined by two ways concerning the road facility viz. all

weather and fair weather service.

According to GIS analysis, 31 market centers out of 39 have been covered by all weather

roads. Similarly, all market centers are covered by fair weather roads.

5.3 DELINEATION OF ACCESSIBLE AREA

Delineation of accessible within ZoI is carried out using the GIS Model for Strategic roads

and district roads in three different categories viz. 1 Hour, 2hrs and 4hrs walking time to

reach the nearest road head (ref Map no. 3a and 3b).

From the accessibility analysis, approximately 83% of people and of the areas coverage are

within ZoI of all weather roads. (Table 5.1 and 5.2). This indicates that at present existing

road networks cover almost all areas and population accessible to motorable roads.



However, there are still some area and population mainlyof western part of district to be

linked by new motorable road network. The areas that are beyond the ZoI are inaccessible

area. The planning team proposes the road network for the inaccessible area as identified

by the ZoI analysis.

5.4 INACCESSIBLE AREA

In Nuwakot district, large part of area and market centers is within accessible area. All

existing/potential market centres are linked by at least fair weather class B district roads.

These areas have scatter settlement very less population density and high altitude and

steep topography. Socioeconomic activities in these areas depend on foot trails, animal

pack for the means of transport.

Linking with district road network by constructing newroad is big challenge in those areas in

term of time and cost. DDC Nuwakot should allocate more resources to cope with

challenges.

5.5 ACCESSIBLE AREA, COVERAGE AND POPULATION

Accessibility situation of the Nuwakot district has been assessed based on serviceability of

the transport linkages i.e. all weather and fair weather type of roads. In Nuwakot district,

most roads except highways and feeder roads are fair weather roads. Table 5.1 shows that

about 63% of total area are under accessible area based on serviceability of all weather

roads. Similarly, 78% of total area falls under accessible area based on serviceability of all

& fair weather roads. The following table shows the accessibility area, coverage and

population.

Table 5.1: Accessibility Area, Coverage and Population

Serviceability Population Accessible Area

(sq.km)

Accessible VDCs

(Number)

All weather only 174807 752 55

All weather & Fair

weather

216427 931 59

5.6 DELINEATION OF INACCESSIBLE AREA

With the detail study of accessibility, network planning was carried out for further extension

of road network in inaccessible areas in meeting the National Transport Policy. The road

network is planned by incremental method. Increment method specially deals with

inaccessible area beyond the 4 hrs walking distance from existing road network.



5.7 INTER-DISTRICT LINKAGE ROADS

Table 5.2: List of Inter-district Linkage Roads

SN Name of the Inter District linkages Class of Road Linkages District

1 Trishuli-Rasuwagadhi link Feeder Road China Border

2 Trishuli-Samarai-Bharyang Bhurung A Dhading

3 Machhapokhari-Trishuli Feeder Road Kathmandu

4 Galchhi-Devighat Postal Road Dhading

5 Tadi-Labdu-Samundratar-Golphubhanjyang

Feeder Road Sindhupalchowk

6 Patle-Duipipal-Kolputar A Dhading

7 Shivalaya-Patibhanjyang-Chisapani-Sundarijal

B Kathmandu

8 Barhabise-Jyanglipokahari B Dhading

(Source: DoR, Old DTMP)



CHAPTER VI: DISTRICT TRANSPORT PERSPECTIVE PLAN (DTPP)

6.1 PERSPECTIVE PLAN OF DISTRICT RURAL ROAD NETWORKS

The DTPP has perspective of 20 years. The DTPP is revised every five years when a new

DTMP is being prepared according to the rolling plan system.

6.2 EXISTING TRANSPORT SITUATION

As explained in District Inventory Map of Rural Transport Network, Chapter IV, Nuwakot

district consists of highways, feeder road, district roads and village roads including trail

bridges for pedestrian mobility. Strategic roads are all weather and in good condition. They

have been referred to show the linkages of other roads with them and as such they have

not been considered in the present planning process.

Rural roads are scattered throughout the district. Many of them are partially completed.

Network planning thus requires construction of new road for incomplete ones and also the

addition of new linkages to connect inaccessible areas; maintenance and upgrading/

rehabilitation of existing roads.

Nuwakot has no airport. Surface transport in Nuwakot District is facilitated through different

feeder roads, with increasing number of District road and village roads in the district. The

length of Strategic Road Network in Nuwakot district is summarized below:

Table 6.1: List of National Highway/Feeder Roads

SN Highway/Feeder road Road Class Surface Type

Total length

(Km)

1 Kathmandu - Trisuli - Dhunche – Rasuwagadhi (Nuwakot) FRN BT

57.93

2 Galchhi-Devighat Feeder Road FRN BT 18.10

3 Nuwakot Darbar Access Road FRO BT 10.25

4 Budhanilkantha - Kakani - Kaulethana (F21) FRN BT

6.22

5 Tadi-Labdhu-Samundratar-Golphubhanjyang Feeder Road FRN BT

32.94

7 Samakhosi - Tokhagaun-Dandagaun-Gurje-Tadi-Gangate FRN GR

32.32

8 Kathmandu - Trisuli - Dhunche – Rasuwagadhi (Nuwakot) FRN BT

57.93

Total 177.34 Source: Old DTMP, Nuwakot

6.3 PRIORITIZATION OF OF RURAL ROADS FOR UPGRADING/REHABILITATION & NEW LINKAGE

A network consists of several links. It is not possible to construct all roads at a time due to

resource gap, time constraint and limited management capacity. Therefore each link in a

network should be prioritized. After developing a district level network, a road engineer

prepares the cost estimate of the road and benefit of each link in the network. Cost

Efficiency Analysis (CEA) is used to prioritize new transport linkage. Each road link is then



allocated the number of points corresponding to the fulfillment of the particular criteria. The

aggregate number of points that each intervention receives is computed by simple adding

the points allocated per indicator. The result of this process leads to a ranking of the

investment options. The following criteria are used for prioritization of new transport

linkages.

Table 6.2: Scoring System for Prioritization of Rural Roads for Upgrading/Rehabilitation

S. No. Criteria Scoring Unit Score

1 Population (Within the Zone of influences) Population/Km 30

2 Cultivated Land (Within the Zone of influences) Hectare / Km 20

3 Traffic Volume Traffic Unit (TU) 20

4 Market/service centre Centrality Index 20


Total 100

Table 6.3: Scoring System for Prioritization of New Linkages

S. N. Parameter Scoring Unit Score

1 Population (Within the Zone of influences) Population/Km 40

2 Inaccessibility Walking hour 15

3 Cultivated Land (Within the Zone of influences)

Hectare / Km 15

4 Environment and Social Safeguard a) Population of Dalit and Janajati

(Within the Zone of influences) b) Loss of forrest due to road alignment

Population / Km

Hectare / Km

10 5

5 Market/Service Centrality Index 10


Total 100



Table 6.4: Priority List of Proposed District Roads Class ‘A’ for Upgrading

SN Road code

Name of Road

To

tal L

en

gth

(K

m)

Len

gth

of

Ro

ad

fo

r

Up

gra

din

g/R

eh

ab

ilit

ati

on

(Km

)

Parameter used for the prioritization of road corridors and their corresponding scores

To

tal S

co

re (

10

0)

Pri

ori

ty R

an

k

Po

pu

lati

on

per

Km

Cu

ltiv

ate

d l

an

d

(Ha)/

Km

Tra

ffic

Vo

lum

e

Mark

et/

serv

ice

cen

ter

Relig

iou

s/t

ou

rist

pla

ce

1 28A001R Trishuli-Deurali-Meghang-Kimtang-Thambukhola 33.51 33.51 50728 11.4 1763.50 62 9 68.266 1

2 28A002R Nuwakot-Bageshwori-Urleni-Kalche-Malabhanjyang 29.09 29.09 62724 10.35 1702.00 68.66 10 63.540 2

3 28A003R Mandredunga-Khadgabhanjyang-Gorshyang-Dansing-Kapahalpani

26.92 26.92 20843 18.5 1114.50 67.3 11 50.955 3

4 28A004R Patle-Duipipal-Kolputar 37.82 37.82 14275 23.12 1678.00 52.8 11 48.003 4

5 28A005R Likhukhola-Kabilas-Ghalebhanjyang-Thaprek-Betini-Golfubhanjyang

27.75 27.75 26551 11.76 1475.50 88.8 9 43.201 5

6 28A006R Samundratar-Ramati-Kutungkhola-Ghyangphedi 9.86 9.86 11871 13.2 978.00 113 10 42.656 6

7 28A007R Chhahare-Shivalaya-Talakhu-Patibhanjyang 17.51 17.51 16283 14.4 1666.00 46.9 12 42.406 7

8 28A008R Okharpauwa-Chauthe-Kumari-Kolputar 39.16 36.16 4946 17.4 840.00 43.6 11 41.622 8

9 28A009R Ranipauwa-Chaturale-Belkot-Tadi Bridge 13.16 13.16 3334 13 823.50 684 3 40.583 9

10 28A010R Gangate-Labdu-Samundratar-Golphu Bhanjyang 47.94 22.94 25459 6.3 1833.00 114 10 35.889 10

11 28A011R Gurje-Samundradevi-Purnibhanjyang-Alchhe 11.26 11.26 12064 14 1749.50 107 8 35.851 11

12 28A012R Trishuli-Samari-Bharyang Bhurung 18.58 18.58 12151 10.4 1603.00 67.3 7 33.512 12

13 28A013R Ganesthan-Najarmandap-Dandako Pato 3.29 3.29 1050 18 1524.00 283 2 32.664 13

14 28A014R Shole-Satdobato-Bhalchhe-Salme 23.11 23.11 3214 6.3 1497.00 368 5 27.859 14

15 28A015R Multhala-Chhatrekhola-Budhasing-Taruka 20.01 20.01 7867 8.5 1401.50 46.9 6 22.736 15

16 28A016R Apraha-Rautar-Ghalebhanjyang 15.33 15.33 8613 6.75 1050.00 45.5 4 21.397 16

17 28A017R Kaulethana-Mahendra Ma.vi.-Thansingphat 13.96 13.96 7560 7 1148.00 55 3 20.88 17

18 28A018R Satbise-Deurali-Bagmara-Malabhanjyang 13.09 13.09 6800 8.5 1233.00 68 2 18.95 18

19 28A019R Trishuli-Sole Bajar 9.20 9.20 7690 7.5 1125.00 66.5 2 17.66 19



Prioritization of District Road ‘B’ for Upgrading

Table 6.4 shows the priority list of proposed district roads class ‘B’ for upgrading. Detailed calculation of scores for each parameter is shown in Annex III-B-1 to III-B-5.

Table 6.5: Prioritized List of District Road ‘B’ for Upgrading

SN

Road code

Name of Road

To

tal L

en

gth

(K

m)

Len

gth

of

Ro

ad

fo

r

Up

gra

din

g/R

eh

ab

ilit

ati

on

(Km

)

Parameter used for the prioritization of road corridors and their

corresponding scores

To

tal S

co

re (

100

)

Pri

ori

ty R

an

k

Po

pu

lati

on

per

Km

Cu

ltiv

ate

d la

nd

(Ha

)/K

m

Tra

ffic

Vo

lum

e

Ma

rke

t/s

erv

ice

cen

ter

Re

lig

iou

s/t

ou

rist

pla

ce

1 28B001R Dhamale-Jiling VDC Bhawan-Khatiwodagaun-Duipipal 15.23 15.23 4397 5.98 1400 114.0 8 82.35 1

2 28B002R Kaulethana-Sanochitre-Chauthe-Dumrichaur 16.22 16.22 5538 5.73 1388 113.0 4 80.45 2

3 28B003R Barahi-Bhrikuti School-Duikadam-Nayapul 7.68 7.68 6175 6.93 1360 113.0 3 78.63 3

4 28B004R Deurali-Bantang-Salme 3.44 3.44 7500 8.33 1260 368.0 2 76.50 4

5 28B005R Thansing-Suryamati-Malakot-Madanpur-Belkot-Taadi Pul

17.04 17.04 3384 1.66 1320 113.0 6 74.30 5

6 28B006R Gerkhutar-Chokade 14.35 14.35 2846 2.32 1175 90.7 4 73.20 6

7 28B007R Tarukaghat-Kausini-Dhading 14.74 14.74 5588 9.45 1085 113.0 2 72.40 7

8 28B008R Kagune-Chiuribhanjyang 8.28 8.28 19596 3.95 1130 88.8 2 71.90 8

9 28B009R Belkot-Kalighumti-Raikare-Bagaicha-Khaltepani-Bhritkuti

3.98 3.98 4537 3.55 1245 68.3 6 70.5 9

10 28B010R Alchhe-Shikre-Gabisa Bhawan 8.19 8.19 6716 3.52 1040 67.3 2 70.2 10

11 28B011R Thanabhanjyang-Sunkhani-Budhisera 4.94 4.94 5884 5.75 1020 41.7 7 53.4 11

12 28B012R Talakhu-Chisapani 3.82 3.82 4788 2.31 1000 40.8 6 52.0 12

13 28B013R Shivalaya-Patibhanjyang-Chisapani-Sundarijal 10.90 10.90 9073 3.40 980 74.6 5 46.1 13

14 28B014R Betrawati-Keraghari-Mahabir-Kuwapani-Bhorlebhanjyang

3.19 3.19 14536 5.20 950 67.3 2 43.4 14



SN

Road code

Name of Road

To

tal L

en

gth

(K

m)

Len

gth

of

Ro

ad

fo

r

Up

gra

din

g/R

eh

ab

ilit

ati

on

(Km

)



To

tal S

co

re (

100

)

Pri

ori

ty R

an

k

Po

pu

lati

on

per

Km

Cu

ltiv

ate

d la

nd

(Ha

)/K

m

Tra

ffic

Vo

lum

e

Ma

rke

t/s

erv

ice

cen

ter

Re

lig

iou

s/t

ou

rist

pla

ce

15 28B015R Sole Bajar-Kaule-Bungtang 6.63 6.63 18082 4.17 870 47.2 9 43.3 15

16 28B016R Kundala Ma.Vi-Gare-Manebhanjyang 6.72 6.72 2985 3.70 880 39.9 5 41.3 16

17 28B017R Budhasing-Darshantar-Tarukabesi-Koshikhola 6.69 6.69 3630 3.77 800 283.0 2 38.7 17

18 28B018R Mahendra Ma.Vi-Belaspur-Suryamati-Malakot 10.10 10.10 3904 10.14 775 53.3 4 37.7 18

19 28B019R Ranipauwa-Gauribas-Jagare-Hile (Tourist Route) 8.90 8.90 15908 4.81 800 38.3 8 36.0 19

20 28B020R Kakani-Simle-Thanapati-Chaiju-Kapfaldadasadak 9.52 9.52 5766 2.70 725 41.7 7 35.7 1. 20

21 28B021R Budhisera-Chhap 7.35 7.35 6622 5.18 700 65.3 1 34.2 21

22 28B022R Barabise-Jyhanglipokhari 4.08 4.08 53645 6.05 800 41.7 9 34.0 22

23 28B023R Shivalaya-Talakhu-Sundarijal 9.93 9.93 12057 7.16 650 64.2 8 33.0 23

24 28B024R Samari-Dansing 6.11 6.11 3483 2.40 625 55.3 1 32.7 24

25 28B025R Shakti Ma.Vi-Dadakateri-Badhare-Malakot 10.12 10.12 160 14.85 550 41.7 1 32.5 25

26 28B026R Alchhe-Maidan-Chhap-Shivalaya 9.47 9.47 9273 8.77 500 99.3 9 31.5 26

27 28B027R Dadhuwa-Majuwa-Chisapani-Belkot 13.00 13.00 19792 4.96 525 41.7 1 31.00 27

28 28B028R Bahunbesi-Dadakopato-Lachyang 8.46 8.46 3411 5.59 400 113.0 4 30.90 28

29 28B029R Dhikurebajar-Kalimati-Halde 2.07 2.07 8233 5.52 425 88.8 2 30.40 29

30 28B030R Gadkhar-Aapraha 7.73 7.73 3073 6.03 375 67.3 1 30.20 30

31 28B031R Rammandir-Panchakanya-Lamichhanegaun-Falate 5.28 5.28 2580 3.20 350 38.3 1 30.10 31

32 28B032R Sheretar-subedidada-Thantibhanjyang 9.49 9.49 2475 5.5 325 63.3 2 29.10 32

33 28B033R Kharanitar-Raluka Maidan-Chilaunegaun-Baghmara 3.65 3.65 2250 4.5 300 62.3 1 27.10 33

34 28B034R Kharkhet-Thulo Golphu 10.45 10.45 2000 4.96 525 61.5 2 27.0 34

35 28B035R Satbise-Thaprek-Ghalebhanjyang 7.85 7.85 160 14.85 550 41.7 1 26.8 35

36 28B036R Ganesthanphedi-Hiramunitar-Halde-Chokade 7.85 7.85 9273 8.77 500 99.3 9 25.5 36

37 28B037R Chuiribhanjyang-Bungtang-Kirnebagar 8.12 8.12 19792 4.96 525 41.7 1 25.0 37

38 28B038R Gorsyang-Sankhadevi Ma.Vi-Haldephat-Dansing-Bhorleni

14.44 14.44 3411 5.59 400 113.0 4 24.3 38



SN

Road code

Name of Road

To

tal L

en

gth

(K

m)

Len

gth

of

Ro

ad

fo

r

Up

gra

din

g/R

eh

ab

ilit

ati

on

(Km

)



To

tal S

co

re (

100

)

Pri

ori

ty R

an

k

Po

pu

lati

on

per

Km

Cu

ltiv

ate

d la

nd

(Ha

)/K

m

Tra

ffic

Vo

lum

e

Ma

rke

t/s

erv

ice

cen

ter

Re

lig

iou

s/t

ou

rist

pla

ce

39 28B039R Ratmate-Duipipal -Dabali 4.61 4.61 8233 5.52 425 88.8 2 24.1 39

40 28B040R Samundratar-Hung-Kadeni-Kutumshang 13.96 13.96 3073 6.03 375 67.3 1 23.8 40

41 28B041R Mangala Ma.Vi-Todkebhanjyang-Mahakali 8.56 8.56 1979 4.96 525 41.7 1 23.4 41

42 28B042R Dhulpul-Dumrechaur-Belkot 7.86 7.86 3411 5.59 400 113.0 4 23.0 42

43 28B043R Samari Bhanjyang-Prepgau-Kintang 8.95 8.95 8233 5.52 425 88.8 2 22.7 43

44 28B044R Bidur N.P-Chambhanjyang-Charghare-Kuwa (Deurali) 9.22 9.22 2580 3.20 350 38.3 1 22.3 44

45 28B045R Trishuli Bajar-Bogatigau-Keurini Bhanjyang 4.14 4.14 2475 5.5 325 63.3 2 22.2 45

46 28B046R Gurje-Chhahare-Chapabote 20.11 20.11 2250 4.5 300 62.3 3 22.0 46

47 28B047R Samari Bhanjyang-Thulo Dada-Phalante 10.07 10.07 7233 5.52 325 85.8 2 22.7 47

District Transport Master Plan (DTMP): Nuwakot Final

Report


Table 6.6: Priority List of Proposed District Roads Class ‘A’ for New Linkage

S. N.

Road Name Road Code Linkage

Length (Km) Priority

1 Nuwakot-Bageshwori-Urleni-Kalche-Malabhanjyang

28A002R 3 1

2 Likhukhola-Kabilas-Ghalebhanjyang-Thaprek-Betini-Golfubhanjyang

28A005R 7.25 2

3 Samundratar-Ramati-Kutungkhola-Ghyangphedi

28A006R 7.15 3

4 Okharpauwa-Chauthe-Kumari-Kolputar 28A008R 10.84 4

5 Gurje-Samundradevi-Purnibhanjyang-Alchhe 28A011R 19.74 5

Total 47.98

Table 6.7: Priority List of Proposed District Roads Class ‘B’ for New Linkage

S. N. Road Name Road Code Linkage Length (Km)

Priority

1 Deurali-Bantang-Salme 28B004R 9.5 1

2 Betrawati-Keraghari-Mahabir-Kuwapani-Bhorlebhanjyang

28B014R 6.8 2

3 Sole Bajar-Kaule-Bungtang 28B015R 8.4 3

Total 24.7

District Transport Master Plan (DTMP): Nuwakot Final

Report


CHAPTER VII: FIRST FIVEYEAR DISTRICT TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN

7.1 FIRST FIVE-YEAR DISTRICT TRANSPORT MASTER PLAN

District transport prospective plan (DTPP) as discussed in the previous chapter covers a

wider period, generally 20 years of implementation requiring significant financial input.

Based upon the prioritized transport linkages and the projected financial plan, first five year-

year District Transport Master Plan (DTMP) indicating the year-wise target has been

prepared. Various categories of interventions such as new construction, maintenance and

upgrading/rehabilitation for roads including the trail bridges have been prepared and

presented in this report.

7.2 FIVE YEAR PROJECTED FINANCIAL PLAN

Major sources of funding to rural road network development are mainly the DDC

development grant, VDC allocation, DDC's and VDC's own resources, DoLIDAR support,

GON’s grant and support from other donor agencies. While preparing the financial plan,

current available financial resources and the existing trend of funding from various agencies

was identified and this is then projected for the next five years to prepare the First Five-year

Financial Plan as presented in table 7.1.

Table 7.1: Possible Funding (Roads) for Coming Five Years Budget (NRs ‘000)

Source of Budget Fiscal Year

070/71 071/72 072/73 073/074 074/075

DDC Block Grant-Current 21,055 23,160 25,476 28,024 30,826

DDC capital Grant-Capital 37,074 40,782 44,860 49,346 54,280

VDC Fund-Current 46,517 51,169 56,286 61,914 68,106

VDC Fund-Capital 91,000 100,100 110,110 121,121 133,233

Local Transportation 77,383 85,121 93,633 102,997 113,296

Rural Access Improvrment and Decentralization Proramme (RAIDP) -Current

300 300 300 300 300

(RAIDP) - Capital 15,960 17,556 19,312 21,243 23,367

Road Board Nepal 525 578 635 699 769

Sub- Total 289,814 318,765 350,612 385,643 424,177

People's Participation 57,963 63,753 70,122 77,129 84,835

Total 347,776 382,518 420,734 462,771 509,012

Grand Total 2,122,812.11

7.3 SHARING OF BUDGET

After a through study and also the consultation with related rural roads implementation

authorities, the annual budget available for the development of transportation sector in the

district is proposed to be shared for various interventions for new construction (5%),

upgrading/rehabilitation (80%) and maintenance (15%) of roads and trail bridges which is

further divided into district road and village/agriculture road. As per prevailing situation of

the district, the sharing of fund will be done as per the chart given below:



Table 7.2: Sharing of Budget

Total Budget ( NRs.'000)

2,122,812.11

100%

MAINTENANCE

15

%

318,421.82

NEW CONSTRUCTION

5

%

106,140.61

UPGRADING/REHABILITATION

80

%

1,698,249.69

District

Road A

District

Road B Trail Bridge

50 45 5

% % %

53070.3027 47,763.27 5307.03

District Road

A

District Road

B Trail Bridge

50 45 5

% % %

159210.91 143,289.82 15921.09

District Road

A

District

Road B Trail Bridge

50 45 5

% % %

849124.84 764,212.36 84912.48



7.4 YEAR- WISE SHARING OF BUDGET

Table 7.3: Year- Wise Sharing of Budget

Fiscal Year

Total Budget (NRs.)

Total Budget (NRs. In '000) & Percentage for New Rehabilitation & Maintenance

Total % New Construction Rehabilitation / Upgrading Maintenance

Amount % Amount % Amount %

070/071 347,776 17388.82 5.00 278221.15 80.00 52166.47 15 100.00

071/072 382,518 19125.90 5.00 306014.47 80.00 57377.71 15 100.00

072/073 420,734 21036.69 5.00 336587.11 80.00 63110.08 15 100.00

073/074 462,771 23138.56 5.00 370217.03 80.00 69415.69 15 100.00

074/075 509,012 25450.62 5.00 407209.93 80.00 76351.86 15 100.00

Total 2,122,812.11 106140.61

1698249.69

318421.82

2122812.11



7.5 YEAR-WISE TARGETS

Table 7.4: Year-Wise Targets

Fiscal Year

Road Category

District Road A Km District Road B Km

New

Co

nstr

uc

tio

n

Reh

ab

ilit

ati

on

/Up

gra

din

g

Ma

inte

na

nc

e

New

Co

nstr

uc

tio

n

Reh

ab

ilit

ati

on

/Up

gra

din

g

Ma

inte

na

nc

e

070/071 9.60 76.51 82.11 4.94 82.70 82.70

071/072 9.60 76.51 82.11 4.94 82.70 82.70

072/073 9.60 76.51 82.11 4.94 82.70 82.70

073/074 9.60 76.51 82.11 4.94 82.70 82.70

074/075 9.60 76.51 82.11 4.94 82.70 82.70

Total (km) 48.00 382.55 410.55 24.70 413.50 413.5

841.10 851.70



Table 7.5: Year-Wise Physical Targets for New Construction

S.N. Fiscal Year Total Budget (NRs.)

Total Budget (NRs. In '000) & Percentage for New Construction

Trail

Bridge

Total

District Road A Km District Road B Km

Amount % Amount % Amount (5%)

Amount %

1 070/071 17,388.82 8694.41 50.00 7824.97 45 869.44 30037.92 100

2 071/072 19,125.90 9562.95 50.00 8606.66 45 956.30 33039.91 100

3 072/073 21,036.69 10518.35 50.00 9466.51 45 1051.83 36342.10 100

4 073/074 23,138.56 11569.28 50.00 10412.35 45 1156.93 39974.51 100

5 074/075 25,450.62 12725.31 50.00 11452.78 45 1272.53 43971.96 100

Total 106,140.61 53,070.30

47,763.27

5307.03 106,140.61



Table 7.6: Year-Wise Physical Targets for Upgrading/Rehabilitation

S.N. Class of

Transport Linkage

Upgrading/Rehabilitation

2070/71 2071/72 2072/73 2073/74 2074/75

Budget km Budget km Budget km Budget km Budget km

1 District Road A 139,110.58 76.51 153,007.23 67.04 168,293.56 67.04 185,108.51 67.04 203,604.96 67.04

2 District Road B 125,199.52 82.70 137,706.51 78.20 151,464.20 78.20 166,597.66 78.20 183,244.47 78.20

3 Trail Bridge 13,911.06 15,300.72 16,829.36 18,510.85 20,360.50

Total 504,622.66 278,221.15 159.21 306,014.47 145.25 336,587.11 145.25 370,217.03 145.25 407,209.93



CHAPTER VIII: CONCLUSION

8.1 RELEVANT ISSUES

Most of the VDCs have genuinely requested for upgrading/rehabilitation and maintenance

of their existing transport linkages over the preference on others but have insisted on DDC

to underte them within next five-year period, though some of these roads are very long in

length. Furthermore, they indicated their desire to consider these roads as district roads

despite the fact that some of them are Village roads.

8.2 CONCLUSION

Road transportation is most crucial for socio-economic development of district. DDC should

give more emphasis on resource collection and its efficient mobilization. This DTMP will

guide for this purpose too. The DTMP is the result of studies considering socio-economic,

environmental analysis and potentiality of various sectors as well as the accessibility to

transport facilities in the district, which will draw the future scenario of the district and rural

road development. DTMP focuses on existing transportation situation, expected future road

network accessibility and socio-economic benefits. It provides directives on utilization of the

local resources by local institutions as well as other development agencies in line with the

decentralization and local self-government act. In addition, it will provide Government and

other donor agencies a rational basis on which to decide future investments efficiently that

will improve district transport accessibility situation.

The proposed interventions are reflection of the requirement of DDC to improve

accessibility of people on goods and services and plan on current trend of financial

resource availability. The study is only concerned within the district boundary but due

consideration is also given to the nearest road head and the inter district linkages as well.

National Strategic Roads / Feeder Roads are not considered in DTMP.

Rational planning and proper implementation are two sides of coin; negligence in one part

will make other meaningless effort. DDC should stop current ad-hoc practices of investing

in roads on short-term consideration.

It is strongly recommended that every local institution especially DDC shall strictly follow the

DTMP after receiving approval from the District Council, particularly in the Perspective Plan

of District Road Network in deciding the sub-projects to be undertaken for development for

future even beyond the five-year period. Strong commitment from all stakeholders is

necessary for its implementation. It is also suggested that the DTMP shall be revised at the

end of every fifth year evaluating the previous planning and implementation. DDC should go

ahead with required revisions if the district development potentials have changed

tremendously.


i

ANNEX I : Existing/Potential Market

Centres and Analysis


1

ANNEX I (a) : Name of Market Centers and their Ranking

SN Name of market

center VDCs

Centrality index

Market grade

Ranking

1 Trishuli Bidur Municipality Maximum A 1

2 Dhikure Khanigaun 185 A 2

3 Jurethum 35 Kilo Kakani, Madanpur 142 A 3

4 Chokade Bageshwari 116 A 4

5 Ranipouwa Kakani 112 A 5

6 Samari Samari 106 A 6

7 Amore Belkot 106 A 7

8 GolfuBhanjyang Betini 95 B 8

9 Thansing Thansing 89 B 9

10 Ghyangfedi Ghyangfedi 89 B 9

11 Barahi Madanpur 86 B 10

12 Sole Tupche 85 B 11

13 Battar Suryamati 83 B 12

14 Chisapani Talakhu 79 B 13

15 ChiuriBhanjyang Deurali 74 B 14

16 Kaulethana okharpouwa 72 B 15

17 Betrawati Gerkhu 68 B 16

18 Bungtang Bungtang 65 B 17

19 Phalate Bageshwari 65 B 18

20 Kakani Kakani 62 B 19

21 Kunagaun Kimtang 61 B 20

22 Kharanitar Kharanitar 61 B 21

23 Thulogaun Bhalche 60 B 22

24 Dui Pipal Dui Pipal 51 B 23

25 KhadgaBhanjyang KhadgaBhanjyang 50 B 24

26 Samundratar Samundratar 48 C 25

27 Koldanda Taruka 45 C 26

28 Chhahare Sunkhani 43 C 27

29 Mane Danda Gorsyang 40 C 28

30 Manegaun Kimtang 32 C 29

31 Fatapouwa Kumari 28 C 30

32 Dangsing Dangsing 28 C 31

33 Aapra Kabilash 28 C 32

34 Keureni Belkot 25 C 33

35 GhaleBhanjyang Panchakanya 24 Potential 34

36 DokaBhanjyang Chauthe 23 Potential 35

37 Magahg Barsunchet 22 Potential 36

38 Satdobato Thanapati 19 Potential 37

39 Chhap lachyang 13 Potential 38


1

Annex-1 (b): Analysis of Market Centres in Details:

SN Name of Market Center Pop

EDUCATION HEALTH BUSINESS & COMMERCE

Cen

trality

In

dex

Cam

pu

s(n

o.)

Hig

her

Seco

nd

ary

(no

.)

Hig

h S

ch

oo

l(n

o.)

Lo

wer

Seco

nd

ary

Pri

mary

Sch

oo

l(n

o.)

Ho

sp

ital(

no

.)

Healt

h p

ost(

no

.)

Ho

tels

& L

od

ge

s(n

o.)

1 Battar, Suryamati 9 4000 1 2 1 7 1 1 82.5

2 Barahi, Madanpur-9 8862 1 2 3 3 86.1

3 Satdobato, thanapati 7 2831 1 1 1 1 1 18.7

4 Fatapouwa magi pokhari, kumari 8,7 8672 1 1 1 1 2 1 28.4

5 Doka Bhanjyang, Chauthe 7 3535 1 1 1 1 22.9

6 Amore, Belkot 7 7660 1 1 2 7 1 106

7 Ranipoowa, Kakani 7 7320 1 3 1 1 1 112

8 Kaulethana nagamar,okharpouwa 3 7901 3 1 4 2 72.3

9 Chhap, lachyang 2 4480 1 1 1 13.1

10 Khadga banjyang 6 6166 1 1 1 49.5

11 Akker sole, Tupche 1,2 5286 1 1 1 2 2 85.1

12 Koldanda, Taruka 1 5233 1 1 1 45.3

13 Dangsing, Dnagsing 4 2736 1 1 27.6

14 Mane Danda, Gorsyang 8 3431 1 1 1 40.1

15 Chisapani, Talakhu 1 2976 78.7

16 Duipipal, Duipipal 7 7790 1 2 51.3

17 Chokade, bageshwori 4 4986 1 2 1 116

18 Phalate, Bageshwori 7 4986 1 1 1 64.5

19 Manegaun, Kimtang 7 1976 1 1 2 1 32.2


2

SN Name of Market Center Pop

EDUCATION HEALTH BUSINESS & COMMERCE

Cen

trality

In

dex

Cam

pu

s(n

o.)

Hig

her

Seco

nd

ary

(no

.)

Hig

h S

ch

oo

l(n

o.)

Lo

wer

Seco

nd

ary

Pri

mary

Sch

oo

l(n

o.)

Ho

sp

ital(

no

.)

Healt

h p

ost(

no

.)

Ho

tels

& L

od

ge

s(n

o.)

20 Kunagaun, Kimtang 1 1976 1 1 1 2 1 61

21 Magang, Barsunchet 1 426 1 1 21.9

22 Samari 5304 1 2 1 1 2 2 106

23 Thulogaun, Bhalche 5 3488 1 2 1 60.3

24 Bungtang, 8 2117 1 1 1 1 1 65

25 Chiuri bhanjyang, Deurali 5 3656 1 2 2 1 74.5

26 Aapra, Kabilash 2 4063 1 3 1 27.7

27 Ghyangfedi, 4 3100 1 1 88.9

28 Ghalebhanjyang, Panchakanya, 1 2675 1 1 1 24

29 Samundratar, Samundratar 2 1997 1 1 2 48.5

30 Kharanitar, 1 2 3 4 1609 1 1 1 1 1 2 60.7

31 Golfubhanjyang, Betini 7 4372 2 1 4 95

32 Jurethum,35 kilo 15000 1 1 2 142

33 Keureni, belkot 7660 1 1 1 24.9

34 Dhikure, Khanigaun 5330 1 1 2 4 185

35 Kakani 7320 1 2 1 61.9

36 Betrawati, Gerkhu 6382 1 1 1 67.5

37 Chhahare, Sunkhani 2449 1 1 1 42.6

38 Thansing, Thansing 6126 1 1 2 3 89


3

ANNEX I I: Photographs

District Transport Master Plan (DTMP): Nuwakot Final...

Documents

Transcript of District Transport Master Plan (DTMP): Nuwakot Final...