Nuwakot Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project...

Government of Nepal

Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development

OFFICE OF THE DISTRICT DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE

Nuwakot

Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project

(EHRP)

Environmental and Social Screening Report (ESSR) Sub project Keureni/Settlement:NUW/BM-8:Bidur Municipality, Nuwakot District

Final submitted on June, 2017

Environmental and Social Screening Report NUW/BM-8/Keureni

Nuwakot/EHRP I


Nuwakot/EHRP II


Nuwakot/EHRP III

Abbreviation

CL-PIU: Central Level Project- Implementation Unit

CBS: Central Bureau of Statistics

DL-PIU: District Level – Project Implementation Unit

DUDBC: Department of Urban Development and Building Construction

EHRP: Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project

EPA: Environment Protection Act

EPR: Environment Protection Rule

ESMF: Environmental and Social Management Framework

ESMP: Environmental and Social Management Plan

EIA: Environmental Impact Assessment

IEE: Initial Environmental Examination

IP: Indigenous People

LGCDP: Local Governance and Community Development Program

MoFALD: Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development

MoUD: Ministry of Urban Development

NRA: National Reconstruction Authority

RAP: Resettlement Action Plan

VCDP: Vulnerable Community Development Plan

VDC: Village Development Committee


Nuwakot/EHRP IV

Table of Contents

1. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................. 1

2. SCOPE OF EHRP .............................................................................................................................. 1

3. SUB-PROJECT (SETTLEMENT) ..................................................................................................... 1

4. SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCREENING AND ITS OBJECTIVES ................................... 2

5. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................. 2

6. FINDINGS AND ISSUES ................................................................................................................... 2

7. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................................. 4

ANNEX 1: NAME LIST OF BENEFICIARY WITH DETAILS................................................................. I

ANNEX-2: ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL SAFEGUARD SCREENING CHECKLIST AT SETTLEMENT LEVEL ............................................................................................................................ IV

ANNEX 3: SUB PROJECTIN GOOGLE MAP ........................................................................................ XI

ANNEX 4: LIST OF PERSON CONSULTTED ....................................................................................... XII

ANNEX 5: PHOTOGRAPHS .................................................................................................................. XIII

ANNEX -6: PHOTOGRAPH AND MINUTES OF DDC-ENRC CONSULTATION MEETING ........... XIV


Nuwakot/EHRP 1

1. Background Nepal Earthquake of April 2015 and subsequent aftershocks including of May 2015, caused wide spread destruction of residential houses, heritage sites, water supply system, government building, rural road,health posts etc. Nuwakot is one the earthquake affected district. According to National Reconstruction Authority (NRA)source, the total number of houses damaged in Nuwakot district is 74533 of which 65759 are fully damaged and 8774 partially damaged. Nuwakot district is administratively divided into 61 Village Development Committees (VDCs) and one municipality. The total population residing in the Nuwakot district is about 277,471 in 59,194 households with an average household size of 4.69. The female population (144,684) in the districts is higher than that of male population (132,787). The sex ratio of the district is 91.78 (CBS, 2012). Government of Nepal has selected Nuwakot district as one of the three districts to be supported under the World Bank funded Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project (EHRP). The main objective of the EHRP is to restore earthquake-affected houses with multi-hazard resistant core housing units in targeted districts (Nuwakot, Dolkha and Dhading district) and to enhance the government's ability to improve long-term disaster resilience. The project has four components: (1) Improved Housing Reconstruction, (2) Disaster Risk Management Systems, (3) Project Implementation Support and (4) is for Contingency Emergency Response.

2. Scope of EHRP EHRP supports only reconstruction of owners built houses. Government, through EHRP, provides grants to households for construction of residential houses following ‘owner-driven’ housing construction model. The residential houses will be small, constructed by the owner, mostly in the same land where the previous house was or in an adjacent land owned by the recipient. EHRP does not support reconstruction of heritage/cultural sites, schools and other physical and social infrastructure and services. Hence, resettlement is not envisaged under this project.

3. Sub-project (Settlement) According to the EHRP ESMF Section 5, for the purpose of environmental and social screening and preparing ESMP subproject/settlement is defined using combination of criteria including the following: administrative boundary (such as a ward, or a VDC), name of the village/place (such as ToL)/ community, natural or topographical boundary, and contiguity. Thus, it may be possible that a ward or a VDC may be considered as a settlement, or there could be more than one settlement in a ward as well. The GPS coordinates collected by the eligibility survey team would be used to define the boundaries for the settlement. The sub-project settlement-Aadmara-Keureni lies in Ward Number-8 of Bidur Municipality. The settlement is accessible through Keureni-Pidabari-5km earthen road via; Pasang Lamhu Highway. The total number of earthquake affected households identified in the settlementis 87 of which 16 is in Aadmara and 71 in Keureni (Annex- 1: List of beneficiary household). Physiographical condition of the subproject area (Keureni) is characterized by mountain, subtropical climate, surrounded by community forest in uphill area and frequent occurrence of landslides since 1981 (2038 B.S.). The landslide phenomena continue to be active during the rainy season. The total area of landslide is about 200mx120m. Seven houses are located within the horizontal distance of about 30m from the current landslide boundary. These seven households may be affected by slope failure in future.


Nuwakot/EHRP 2

4. Social and Environmental Screening and its Objectives ESMF requires Environmental and Social screening of each subproject/ settlement. The objectives of Screenings are:

• To identify potential environmental and social issues/risks related to the subprojects and its activities(physical, biological, social –cultural issues/risks specific to the area, in and around the settlement),

• To identify the need to obtain any regulatory clearances (such as from MOFSC for specific site/s like clearing/felling of trees, from DDCs and VDCs for approved quarry sites etc,

• To check if the proposed location and activity meets the exclusion criteria, • To establish the need to carry out any further investigation/survey/ assessment for

preparation of safeguard document like ESMPs, RAP , VCDP, or any specific study and to provide guidance regarding environmental and social requirements and steps that needs to be taken for addressing identified issues., and

• To explore opportunities for creating linkage for enhancing benefits, building better and synergy.

5. Methodology The ESMF screening checklist (see Annex 2) was used for recording information. Consultation and discussion were held with the beneficiaries and local informants’, EHRP Consultants; consultant engineers from MoUD, Nuwakot VDC secretaries, LGCDP Social Mobilizers, DTO engineers and settlement area was walked-through visiting houses affected by the earthquake and observing important environmental features.

6. Findings and Issues Following are the findings and potential environmental and social issues and impacts identified by the Environmental and Social Screening in the settlement/ subproject. More detailed information on these issues and assessment of the impact and recommendation of impact mitigation measures will be covered under ESMP. A. Earthquake damaged houses and local construction materials

• Earthquake damaged houses are made with stone masonry using local wood frame. No RCC constructed houses were observed in the settlement. Debris from earthquake damaged houses is being managed by respective owner of the houses in their own backyard open space.

• No hazardous waste has been reported or observed (there was no health centre or pesticide shops / vendor etc)

• Out of the total 87 beneficiary HHs, 26 HHs are Dalits, 20 HHs belongs to Indigenous people 12 HHs are woman headed among the beneficiaries.

• No sanitation facilities and ICS is available in Admara and Keuribari settlement area; • Local people are dependent on firewood as cooking fuel. No electricity, LPG and

health center is available in settlement area. • There is lack of quality stone as building materials and its source at immediate

vicinity; therefore need to identify safe stone quarry sites and take approval from District Development Committee (DDC), Nuwakot, or should purchase from local supplier who holds proper license.

Increased risks of landslide and erosion from construction material quarrying. The area is a hilly terrain. Some spots are prone to landslides and erosions if disturbed. There are risks of increasing/ exacerbating the landslides and erosions in the area, if the construction materials,


Nuwakot/EHRP 3

e.g. soil, sand, gravel and stones, are sourced/ quarried inappropriately or from risky locations. B. Landslide: A landslide is located in Aadmara-Keureni settlement area ward number 8,

Bidur Municipality. This landslide is triggered by natural cause.It is an old landslide that occurred in 1985. It is active with its sideward progressive expansion through surface failure. The landslide has been further activated by the earthquake of April and May 2015. According to the local people, there was a school, Batuk Bhairav Primary School, which was damaged by the landslide in 1985. In local people’s observation, the movement of landslide was slow and gradual. Potential impacts/ risks of the landslides are: • A water spring source is available in the landslide area. The landslide is posing risk to

existing community water supply scheme/ source that serves piped drinking water to Sunakheti settlement.

• Accumulation of landslide debris was also observed in Keuri khola (stream). • Due to yearly expansion of the landslide, the size of two community forests (CF), viz;

Admara – Pidalubari and Kakas CFs, is decreasing with felling of number of Sal trees (Shorea robusta).

• Keuri – Pidalubari rural road is passing through North – East uphill section of the landslide. Hence, the landslide, if it expands uphill in future, may affect the road and disturb transport links.

• Agricultural land area nearby Sunakheti is also affected due to deposition of landslide slurry/debris, every year.

Proposed location of 7 houses in Aadmara Tole are at risks

C. Forest and wildlife. There are two community forests (CFs) in the uphill of landslide area. These are: 1) Admara – Pidalubari community forest about 46 ha. area and 2) Kakas community forest (1km uphill from the settlement). Both of the CFs are habitat for common crop raiders like Monkey and Jackal with occasional occurrence of Deer. Potential issues/ impacts related to forests are;

. The landslide is not caused by the housing activity under the project. However, proposed locations of the 7 houses (out of 87 houses in this settlement), appear risky as the landslide is gradually increasing and may, in future, affect the 7 houses if constructed in the currently proposed locations. Out of the 7 houses, 3 are of IPs.

• The CFs, due to yearly expanding landslide, is decreasing with felling of number of Sal trees (Shorea robusta).

• Pressure will increase in the forest

. Both CFs would be under pressure in supplying timber requirement for 87 reconstruction houses. The Community Forest User Group has already allocated 20 cubic feet of timber to each household.

D. Build back better opportunity. The EHRP supports construction of individual residential houses that are earthquake resilient. It does not support sanitation, energy etc. In the settlement/ subproject area, there is lack of sanitation, and local people are using firewood for cooking/ indoor activities. Housing construction support may be used as an opportunity to promote sanitations, renewable energy including solar power, Improved Cooking Stoves (ICS) or bio-gas etc. These could be promoted through agencies including government and NGOs/ INGOs which are already engaged in these sectors in the district. Such opportunity needs to be further explored and promoted as far as possible.

Landslide and erosion protection measures are highly costly. The landslide, mentioned before is also affecting drinking water source, agriculture land, rural road etc. Hence, there is chance that the landslide could be controlled through combined efforts of all these sectors. DL-


Nuwakot/EHRP 4

PIU/CL-PIU may explore and coordinate with district forest office, rural road projects, water induced disaster management office, District Forest and Soil Conservation / Watershed management office etc for mitigating/ managing the landslide. E. Any Sensitive Site There is no known significant physical cultural site, and no protected site in the immediate surrounding of the subproject/ settlement. There is no known habitat for endangered, rare, protected or special species.

7. Conclusion and Recommendations There is no highly sensitive environmental or social site in and around the settlement/ subproject (except the existing landslide that could affect many sectors discussed previously). Out of the total 87 residential houses to be constructed, the proposed 7 houses are located approximately 30 m from the existing landslides. Potential expansion of the landslide in future could affect these 7 houses. The main environmental issues relevant to this subproject/ settlement are: increased pressure on the community forest due to increased demand of timber for construction of houses, risks from landslide and erosion (from the existing landslides) to the proposed 7 houses, and also due to inappropriate quarrying of construction materials from risky places. This subproject/ settlement is categorized as “B”. There is no need for conducting initial environmental examination (IEE) or Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for this subproject/ settlement. However, Site specific Environmental and Social Management Plan (ESMP), and Vulnerable Community Development Plan (VCDP) are needed to address/ mitigate the environmental and social impacts/ issues. More detailed information and analysis of environmental issues, impacts and mitigations will be done in the ESMP. Recommendation: Prepare ESMP focusing on issues identified, such as increased pressure in community forest, risk from expansion of the landslide and erosion and from quarrying if house construction material/ stones are sourced from quarry. Coordinate with CFUGs for supplying construction timber as well as mitigating adverse impacts on the community forests. Explore opportunities for synergies and building back better through collaboration with other agencies including government and NGOs/ INGOs, (and coordinate/ promote these as needed). Permits/clearance, from District Development Committee, for stone sourcing quarry site is required, if stone/ aggregate/ sand quarrying is needed for the construction of houses.


Nuwakot/EHRP 5

Report Prepared by: Approved by: DL-PIU/E& S Specialist DDC- EECCS/ENRC Mr. Sudeep Ghimire/Rishi Ram Bimali Mr. Sunil Raj Giri/Upendra Pyakurel . Environmental/Social Safeguard Specialist Project Manager/Energy and Environment Officer.


Nuwakot/EHRP I

Annex 1: Name list of Beneficiary with Details S.N. Beneficiary Name Gender Agreement No. Nissa No. Ward Name

1 Arjun Prasad Timilsina M 28-8-8-2-445 1084091 Adhmar, Keurini

2 Jeet Bahadur Tamang M 28-8-8-2-446 1084092 Adhmar, Keurini

3 Rewati Prasad Paudel M 28-8-8-2-447 1084093 Adhmar, Keurini

4 Rang Nath Paudel M 28-8-8-2-448 1084094 Adhmar, Keurini

5 Tika Nath Nepal M 28-8-8-2-449 1084095 Adhmar, Keurini

6 Radhika Bogati F 28-8-8-2-450 1084096 Adhmar, Keurini

7 Lila Bahadur Bogati M 28-8-8-2-451 1084097 Adhmar, Keurini

8 Rajendra Bahdur Bogati M 28-8-8-2-452 1084098 Adhmar, Keurini

9 Chatra Bahadur Bogati M 28-8-8-2-453 1084099 Adhmar, Keurini

10 Kedar Nath Paudel M 28-8-8-2-454 1084100 Adhmar, Keurini

11 Masn Kumari Khanal F 28-8-8-2-455 1084101 Adhmar, Keurini

12 Nara Bahadur Neupane M 28-8-8-2-456 1084102 Adhmar, Keurini

13 Rajendra Neupane M 28-8-8-2-457 1084103 Adhmar, Keurini

14 Talak Bahadur Ale Magar M 28-8-8-2-458 1084104 Adhmar, Keurini

15 Jeet Bahadur Ale Magar M 28-8-8-2-459 1084105 Adhmar, Keurini

16 Balaram Ale Magar M 28-8-8-2-460 #NULL! Adhmar, Keurini

17 Thakur Prasad Aryal M 28-8-8-2-461 1084106 Keurini

18 Sabitra Devi Lamichanne F 28-8-8-2-462 1084107 Keurini

19 Tara Nath Lamichanne M 28-8-8-2-463 1084108 Keurini

20 Dharma Datta Arjel M 28-8-8-2-464 1084109 Keurini

21 Ram Kumari Aryal F 28-8-8-2-465 1084110 Keurini

22 Guna Prasad Aryal M 28-8-8-2-466 1084111 Keurini

23 Ambika Aryal F 28-8-8-2-467 1084112 Keurini

24 Hari Prasad Aryal M 28-8-8-2-468 1084113 Keurini

25 Tek Nath Phuyal M 28-8-8-2-469 1084114 Keurini

26 Gopi Prasad Aryal M 28-8-8-2-470 1084115 Keurini

27 Chuda Mani Aryal M 28-8-8-2-471 1084116 Keurini

28 Binda Tamang F 28-8-8-2-472 1084117 Keurini

29 Prakash Adhikari M 28-8-8-2-473 1084118 Keurini

30 Badri Prasad Adhikari M 28-8-8-2-474 1084119 Keurini

31 Kumari Biswakarma F 28-8-8-2-475 1084120 Keurini

32 Shyam Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-476 1084121 Keurini

33 Santu Maya Sunar F 28-8-8-2-477 1084122 Keurini

34 Ram Bahadur Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-478 1084123 Keurini

35 Ram Maya Biswakarma F 28-8-8-2-479 1084124 Keurini


Nuwakot/EHRP II

S.N. Beneficiary Name Gender Agreement No. Nissa No. Ward Name

36 Gopal Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-480 1084125 Keurini

37 Gokarna Prasad Aryal M 28-8-8-2-481 1084126 Keurini

38 Him Prasad Paudel M 28-8-8-2-482 1084127 Keurini

39 Ishwori Devkota F 28-8-8-2-483 1084128 Keurini

40 Ram Sharan Adhikari M 28-8-8-2-484 1084129 Keurini

41 Buddha Kumari Adhikari F 28-8-8-2-485 1084130 Keurini

42 Jhanka Nath Adhikari M 28-8-8-2-486 1084131 Keurini

43 Maan Kumari Adhikari F 28-8-8-2-487 1084132 Keurini

44 Hem Bahadur Neupane M 28-8-8-2-488 1084133 Keurini

45 Mohan Bahadur Neupane M 28-8-8-2-489 1084134 Keurini

46 Bal Ram Bogati M 28-8-8-2-490 1084135 Keurini

47 Ram Chandra Adhikari M 28-8-8-2-491 1084136 Keurini

48 Ram Maya Pyakurel F 28-8-8-2-492 1084137 Keurini

49 Ram Bahadur Thapa M 28-8-8-2-493 1084138 Keurini

50 Krishna Bahadur Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-494 1084139 Keurini

51 Laxman Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-495 1084140 Keurini

52 Jit Bahadur Nagarkoti M 28-8-8-2-496 10841141 Keurini

53 Manju Adhikari F 28-8-8-2-497 1084142 Keurini

54 Mitthu Biswakarma F 28-8-8-2-498 1084143 Keurini

55 Suntali Biswakarma F 28-8-8-2-499 10841444 Keurini

56 Bishnu Bahadur Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-500 1084145 Keurini

57 Devi Biswakarma F 28-8-8-2-501 1084146 Keurini

58 Ratna Bahadur Pyakurel M 28-8-8-2-502 1084147 Keurini

59 Suku Maya Moktan F 28-8-8-2-503 1084148 Keurini

60 Masino Moktan M 28-8-8-2-504 1084149 Keurini

61 Kal Bahadur Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-505 1084150 Keurini

62 Rame Sunar M 28-8-8-2-506 1084151 Keurini

63 Goma Biswakarma F 28-8-8-2-507 1084152 Keurini

64 Chandra Lal Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-508 1084153 Keurini

65 Jash Man Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-509 1084154 Keurini

66 Arjun Biswakrma M 28-8-8-2-510 1084155 Keurini

67 Heera Maya Biswakarma F 28-8-8-2-511 1084156 Keurini

68 Ram Krishna Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-512 1084157 Keurini

69 Bichari Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-513 1084158 Keurini

70 Ram Saran Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-514 1084159 Keurini

71 Jeet Lal Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-515 1084160 Keurini


Nuwakot/EHRP III

S.N. Beneficiary Name Gender Agreement No. Nissa No. Ward Name

72 Laxmi Biswakarma F 28-8-8-2-516 1084161 Keurini

73 Poorna Maya Biswakarma F 28-8-8-2-517 1059162 Keurini

74 Bhusang Tamang F 28-8-8-2-518 1059163 Keurini

75 Poorna Bahadur Tamang M 28-8-8-2-519 1059164 Keurini

76 Padam Bahadur Biswakarma M 28-8-8-2-520 1059165 Keurini

77 Ganesh Bahadur Tamang M 28-8-8-2-521 1059167 Keurini

78 Skra Bahadur Syangtan M 28-8-8-2-522 1084168 Keurini

79 Sanka Tamang M 28-8-8-2-523 1084169 Keurini

80 Dhan Maya Tamang F 28-8-8-2-524 1084170 Keurini

81 Lal Bahadur Tamang M 28-8-8-2-525 1084171 Keurini

82 Rabina Tamang F 28-8-8-2-526 1084172 Keurini

83 Dawa Finjo Tamang M 28-8-8-2-527 1084173 Keurini

84 Chandra Bahadur Tamang M 28-8-8-2-528 1084174 Keurini

85 Khujit Tamang Seni F 28-8-8-2-529 1084175 Keurini

86 Bhakta Bahadur Tamang M 28-8-8-2-530 1084176 Keurini

87 Thuli Maya Tamang F 28-8-8-2-531 1084177 Keurini


Nuwakot/EHRP IV

Annex-2: Environmental and Social Safeguard Screening Checklist at Settlement Level

1. Project Title Earthquake Housing Reconstruction Project (EHRP) 2. Project District Nuwakot 3. Name of the VDC/Municipality Bidur Municipality 4 Name of the Settlement, Ward No. Aadmara -Keureni-8 5 Number of eligible households: 71+16 = 87 HHs (71 houses in Kueri and 16 Houses in

Aajmara) 6 Altitude of the Settlement (in meters) 700m 7 Nearest road head/highway/headquarter Keureni-Pidabari-5km, and 14+km to Pasang Lamhu

Highway 8 Settlement ID/no NUW/BM-8/Keureni 9 Proposed Date of Commencement of

Work: ________________________ December 25, 2016

Number of houses damaged 87 Number of houses to be reconstructed 87 Quantity of debris generated (by type) Stone, bonding soil, wood, rags, (quantities will be

estimated in ESMP) Quantity of reusable materials (by type) Stone (1/3rd), Timber (1/5th)(quantities will be estimated in

ESMP) Quantity of debris that needs to be

disposed Not Applicable

Quantity of construction materials needed (Timber, sand, gravel, stone, etc)

Timer-2160 cufit, (approx.) soil, stone- other not know (will be identified during preparation of ESMP)

Any hazardous materials mixed with debris (e.g. from damaged health-posts, medicines, from agro-vet shops/ service etc)

None: (all damage material is residential houses/ no medical shops. No hazardous materials/pesticides were found).

10. Exclusion criteria: Shelter/house should not be located in the

risky spots (having ground slope of more than 30 degree, known flood risk spot, on top of or adjacent to known fault-line, etc).

7 HHs are close to landslide and risk to potential risk in future.

House/ shelter should not be located in protected area, and forest.

There is no protected area in sub project vicinity

Any activity, including material quarrying, resulting significant conversation or degradation of critical natural habitat is not permitted

Not Applicable

Use of any public PCR in private home reconstruction is not permitted.

Not Applicable


Nuwakot/EHRP V

S.No

ISSUES YES NO

DO NOT KNOW/remarks

1 Is the proposed sub-project likely to have minimal or no adverse environmental impacts?

OP 4.01

2 Is the proposed subproject likely to have adverse environmental impacts that are site specific; few if any of them are irreversible, and mitigation measures are readily known or can be designed?

√ OP 4.01 Mainly risks are landslide and impacts on community forest. Category B

3. Is the proposed subproject likely to have adverse impacts on the health and quality of forests or rights and welfare of people and their level of dependence upon or interaction with forests? Is the proposed subproject likely to bring about changes in the management, protection or utilization of natural forests or plantations?

√

√

OP 4.36 is not triggered, but the impact on the forest is addressed under OP 4.01.

4 Will the sub-project be supporting reconstruction, management, or preservation of physical cultural resources? Is the subproject located in, or in the vicinity of, cultural sites? Will the sub-project likely adversely impact physical cultural resources?1

√

√

√

OP 4.11

5. Will the sub-project involve significant conversion or degradation of critical or non-critical natural habitats?2

√ OP 4.04

6 Does the sub-project involve involuntary land acquisition or prior acquisition of land or demolition of existing structures?

√ OP 4.12 (7 HH relocation land needs to be identified).

7 Are there any ethnic minority communities present in the project area and are likely to be affected by the proposed sub-project?

√ OP 4.10 (Moktan, Magar and Tamang community is present)

Physical features

1 Is the settlement/subproject located in an area susceptible to landslides, rock fall or erosion, flood prone areas and extreme climatic conditions, fogs, avalanche, snow-fall, etc? (show in map)

√ With existing Landslide and sideward progressive surface failure 7HHs are in future threat

2 Is the settlement located close to groundwater sources, springs, surface water bodies, riverbank, and watercourses?

√

3 How is the terrain? –flat, ridge, undulating, terraced, valley, tar etc. √ Terraced 4 Any history of erosion, flashflood, landslides, earthquake in the √ Since 1985, active slide

1Examples of physical cultural resources are archaeological or historical sites, including historic urban areas, religious monuments, structures and/or cemeteries particularly sites recognized by the government. 2 Critical natural habitats include those habitats that are legally protected, officially proposed for protection, identified by authoritative sources for their high conservation value, or recognized as protected by traditional local communities.


Nuwakot/EHRP VI

S.No

ISSUES YES NO

DO NOT KNOW/remarks

area/ vicinity? 5 Current land use practice (agriculture, grazing, barren, forest,

shrubs-----) √ Agriculture, grazing and

forest 6 Is the subproject located on prime agricultural land? √

7 Does the sub project involve significant extraction, diversion or containment of surface or ground water for the local people or agriculture?

√

8 Any existing/approved/ potential quarry sites (sand, aggregate, stone, slates, boulders) in the vicinity of the sub-project?

√ Absence of quality building stone. Need to identify stone quarry site for sourcing materials and assess its impacts.

9 Are there any potential sites/land for debris management/ solid waste management/ reclamation for future use?

√

10 Are there any areas or features of high landscape or scenic value on or spots with unique feature in and around the location which could be affected by the project? (examples, viewing point/ ridge/ peak, water-fall, cave, cliff etc)

√

11 Any risks (health and safety, location- cliff, ridge etc.) associated with the setting of the sub-project which needs to be taken care?

√ Existing active slide and foot trail through slide

Biological features 1 Any critical habitat or ecosystem of importance?

Is the subproject located in or adjacent to a protected areas/ national forests, wilderness areas, wetlands (Ramsar), biodiversity, critical habitats?

√ √

2 If the subproject is located near the forest, what is the category of the forest- national, community, leasehold, religious etc.?

√ Hill Sal Dominated 2 Nos of Community Forest- Aadmari-Pidalubari and Kakas Community Forest

3 Any area/ spot in and around the subproject/ settlement that is known as/for wildlife/ bird habitat (examples – bear, langur monkey, red panda, deer, trees where vulture or bats nests, cliff where wild beehives,etc)

√ Occasional visit in this forest area such as Monkey, deer

Is the settlement/ subproject area a known wildlife movement/ migration route or bird migration route?

√ It is no known migration route – but some birds/ animal visit the area occasionally.

Is there any water body, river, wetland etc known as important habitat (or renowned) for fishes or aquatic life? Any Ramsar site in the vicinity of the settlement/ subproject?

√

√

4 Would the sub-project potentially cause adverse impacts to habitats (e.g. modified, natural, and critical habitats) and/or ecosystems and ecosystem services?

√


Nuwakot/EHRP VII

S.No

ISSUES YES NO

DO NOT KNOW/remarks

5 Does the Project involve changes to the use of lands and resources that may have adverse impacts on habitats, ecosystems, and/or livelihoods?

√

6 Are there any areas/ spots used by the protected, important sensitive species of flora and fauna for breeding, nesting, foraging, resting and for migration?

√

7 Would Project activities pose risks to endangered species or their habitat?

√

8 Does the sub-project implementation leads to harvesting of natural forests, timber, plantation development, or deforestation?

√ Some quantity of Timber for reconstruction

9 Any NTFP or medicinal plants in and around the sub-project? √ Gurjo, Ghodtapre, Aamala ( unlikely to be affected by House reconstruction)

Socio-economic and Cultural Features

1 Is the subproject located in a densely populated area? √

2 How many people comprise a typical household? √ Average HH Size is 4 3 How many households are without any land/shelter, any squatters? √ 4 Is the subproject located near to the sites of

archaeological/historical or cultural importance? √

5 Presence of minority/vulnerable/indigenous population in the area? √ Of the total 87 HH, 26 HH belong to Dalits and 20 HH Indigenous People

6 Is the sub-project located near cultural or religious place of importance including sacred hill/ peak, sacred cliff, cave and/ or sacred tree?

√

7 What household and livelihood support activities typically take place within the affected community?

Agriculture, service, remittance and occasional labor works

8 What are the typical building practices of the affected people and what are the different materials have they used in the past?

24’*32’ plinth with 6 rooms in 2 story, Timber, Stone, Clay, Bamboo and Corrugated Sheets

9 Will the project require displacement or relocation of persons in the affected area?

√

7 HHs are close to the existing landslide it is active and increasing every year

10 Who are the vulnerable people in the population, also considering those affected by HIV/AIDS etc.?

Woman Headed Houses, Dalits and People prone to Land Slides

11 What is the current availability of water for drinking and personal hygiene,

√ There is community water supply scheme. Adequate Supply of water.

12 What is the current provision of social/infrastructure facilities (health posts, sub-health posts, schools, communications, road etc?)

√ Access of Earthen Road, Primary School with poor Management


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S.No

ISSUES YES NO

DO NOT KNOW/remarks

13 Are there any roads on around the location which causes congestion, environmental problems during project implementation?

√

14 Are there any open space, industries, recreation areas which could be affected by the project?

√

15 Are there any women headed HH (No. of HHs to be identified) in the settlement.

√ 12HHs

16 Are there any conflicts about the use of local resources √

What are the programs/ activities ongoing or planned in the settlement/ VDC or subproject area that may be coordinated, linked, and/or worked together for synergy and for ‘building better’? Examples: Biogas, improved smokeless stoves, sanitation, micro-hydropower, catchment area/ soil erosion protection, community forest, buffer zone management, trail development, agriculture, composting, flood protection, river training, etc?)

√ Need to identify from

DDC

Identification of ‘no go’ or ‘do not disturb’ area/ spots/ features based on hazards potential, protected or protection worthy area, common resources, and cultural values.

√ 35 years old active land

slide (1985)

Customized minimum requirements for the subproject/ settlements Source for quality stone as building

material, easy access for material transport, and further study to build synergy with environmentally friendly and socially acceptable technology

Identify programs/ activities for coordination and linking for ‘building better’ and / or synergy.

Need coordination and link with district level program implemented in ICS, Solar Power (PVCs), Sanitation program, Landslide, forest, road protection sector.


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Screening Conclusions:

(i) Main environmental issues are: - Pressure on community forest due to reconstruction wood demand for 87 HHs - Risks from landslide and erosion (from the existing landslides to the proposed 7 houses, and also due to inappropriate quarrying of construction materials from risky places).

(ii) Permits/ clearance needed are: (i) Permit for stone/ sand/ gravel quarry sites from

DDC/Local government such as Rural Municipality/Municipality.; and (ii) permit for timber from the community forest …. (by CFUG and DFO and Local government such as Rural Municipality).

(iii) Main social issues are: - Out of 87 houses, 12 HHs are woman headed and 26 HHs are Dalits and 20 HHs

are IPs (out of which 3 HHs are prone to landslide) (iv) Land acquisition and involuntary resettlement (permanent or temporary) if

any: - Not needed generally. But, out of 87 houses to be constructed, locations of 7

houses are near the landslide. If these seven houses are constructed in different locations than the currently proposed (which is owned by the beneficiaries themselves), there is a need to assess the new locations from land acquisition/ involuntary resettlement point of view. the NRA/ GON has decided recently to provide a Grant of NRs 200,0003

(v) Need for any special study:

for purchase of land plot for construction of house, if geotechnical assessment recommends not-to build house in the current location.

- Detail Geo-technical assessment of the existing landslide (located in Adamra and Keureni ), its impacts to various infrastructure and detail assessment of risks to the proposed 7 houses as well as mitigation/ management/ treatment of the landslides..

(vi) Preparation ESMP: - Focusing on the mitigations of main issue identified above in item (i) to (v).

Also assess collaboration opportunities for building back better in the settlement/ subproject area through better sanitation, provision of renewable energy(ICS, solar)and mitigation of landslide impacts/ risks etc..

(vii) Need for IPDP/VCDP: - VCDP is needed, and will be prepared separately.

(viii) Need for IEE or EIA: - NA (No need for IEE and EIA as per government regulation, such as EPA and

EPR. However, as per EHRP- ESMF, ESMP is needed to mitigate the identified environmental and social impacts).

(ix) Any other requirements/ need/ issue etc: - None.

3 Cabinet decision of May 2017


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Screening Tool Completed and Reviewed by:

Name: Mr. Sudeep Ghimire Title: Environmental specialist Name:_Mr. Rishiram Bimali Title: _Social Development Specialist Name: Mr. Sunil Raj Giri Title: Project Manager (DL-PIU)

Presentation/ Briefing to DDC – ENRC done on: 25 April 2017 Advice, comments, and suggestions from the DDC-ENRC are presented in Annex-6 Screening cleared by DDC – ENRC on: 21 May 2017 Condition and/ or suggestion made as part of clearance are;

• Take due care while managing demolition waste (Debris) from earthquake damaged houses;

• Adopt appropriate methods to reduce impacts on quarry and forest while using timber /stone etc;

• Encourage to use alternative raw materials replacing to timber to reduce pressure on forest and encourage massive plantation such as Uttis ( Alnus nepalensis

• Incorporate these suggestion in ESMP report.

) tree to reduce impact of deforestation and to protect water source; and


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Annex 3: Sub projectin Google Map

Aerial View of Aadmara Keureni Settlement with its Boundary


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Annex 4: List of Person Consultted S.N Name Tole 1 Nabaraj Rijal Aadmara 2 Rajendra Bahadur Bogati Aadmara 3 Jit Bahadur Ale Magar Aadmara 4 Kumari Bogati Aadmara 5 Sharda Paudel Aadmara 6 Tika Nath Paudel Aadmara 7 Jeet Bahadur Tamang Aadmara 8 Ramchandra Adhikari Keurani 9 Bishnu Prasad Aryal Keurani 10 Hem Bahadur Neupane Keurani 11 Lal Bahadur B.K. Keurani 12 Ram Kumari Aryal Keurani


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Annex 5: Photographs

Erosion and Subsidence area towards downhill in Aadmara Tole

Landslide view towards crown(Left) and Rill formed within the Slide (Rt.)


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Annex -6: Photograph and Minutes of DDC-ENRC Consultation Meeting


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Nuwakot/EHRP XVI

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