Direct Leadership Techniques Open: 1.Group assignments 2..

Direct Leadership Techniques

Open: 1.Group assignments 2.http://www.castonline.ilstu.edu/hurd/knr171/knr171assignments.htm

Direct Leadership Techniques

Methods and approaches used when leading individuals and groups in parks, recreation, and leisure settings

Working with people directly in a face-to-face situation

3 Phases of Direct Leadership

1. Preparation Group composition Activity planning Risk management The environment (setting the tone) Goals & Objectives

2. Priming the Group

3. Delivery

1. Preparation: Group Composition

What to think about….

Group size

What difference does a group of 5 vs 35 make?



Group size Large group

More structure More equipment Difficult to divide them into smaller groups Need larger play areas

Small group Complete activities quicker Play together better Less inhibited



Gender Men/boys –

Competitive programs

Women/girls Group activities Socialization

Don’t selected gendered activities



Age Range of ages Leadership style differs Behavior management Complexity of instructions Impacts activity preference & ability Appropriateness of activities



Abilities Full participation is the goal!!! Adapt activities &/or equipment

Fitness level of group? Wheelbarrow races Crawling

Change leadership Working with people with disabilities

Focus of

KNR 270



Experience Beginners

More hands on More repetition More structure Be aware of sequencing, pacing &

progression

Advanced More challenges Less leader interaction



Reasons for participation Fun Skill building Forced

Need to be motivated to participate Need more leader interaction



Do they know each other? Less timid Group cohesion time Build trust


1. Preparation Group composition Activity planning Risk management The environment (setting the tone)


3. Delivery

1. Preparation: Activity Planning

Write it down!!!!

Plan extra activities

Be flexible

See sample….


Top information

Equipment list & request online (2

days in advance)

Goals & Objectives


Goals

A clear general statement about what the agency wishes to accomplish through its programs.

Broad in nature

Non-measurable


Goals

Example: To have the participants get to know each other

To build teamwork among participants

To teach Ultimate Frisbee

Develop group cohesion


Objectives A specific operational statement related

to desired accomplishments.

Objectives are derived from goals and the meeting of them leads to the satisfaction of goals.


Answer ABCD's

Audience - who Behavior - what Condition - how Degree -when

A word about “fun”


Goal: Participants will learn the rules of golf Objectives:

All participants will be given a book of golf rules & will be expected to read the entire book before the third class

All participants will follow all rules of golf that were learned from reading the rule book during the end of class tournament.

A word about “fun”

Audience

Behavior

Condition

Degree

http://www.castonline.ilstu.edu/hurd/knr171/goals&obj.htm


Goal: * Develop group cohesion

Objective: Audience: The participants Behavior: will play four ice breakers Condition: that require group

interaction Degree: at the start of the class.


Attention getter; Transitions

Contingency plan

Activity…


Activity selection

Appropriate activities based on the

mentioned elements

Activities that are uncomfortable to

play

Pass orange, crab walk, life savers, shoe

mix

Banned activities…..


Dodgeball or any form of it where balls are thrown at people, ie. Bombardment, Spud

Red Rover, Tug of War, Kickball, Whiffleball

Any games that eliminate players or leave players standing around doing nothing, ie. Duck, Duck, Goose; Hot Potato; Knockout

Any games that are dominated by one gender over another, ie floor hockey

1. Preparation: Risk Management

Risk management

Minimizing the likelihood of injuries and accidents


Activities appropriate for the group Hiking the Rocky’s with seniors Banned Activities Tackling games

Safe facilities & equipment Examples:

Do trust falls on the concrete Lacking proper equipment Improper floor


Examples from class

Suckers in mouths while playing

Dizzy bats

Equipment not moved out of the way

Rubber bases

1. Preparation: The Environment

Effective leaders positively manipulate the environment

Ie. Color, light, sound, decorations,


Arrange space for maximum efficiency

Arrange equipment before people arrive Put it in order Accessible to leaders Name tags, clothespins Be ready to go when the group arrives Minimize onsite preparation


Arrange activity for maximum effectiveness

Placement of activities next to each other 2 activities with music side by side?

2 activities with multiple balls flying side by side

Type of room gym vs. classroom

Preparation Phase

A final thought….

Always be prepared

Know what you are doing – activity plans

Be flexible

Entire plan should flow

Plan extra activities


1. Preparation Group composition Activity planning Risk management The environment


3. Delivery


Sets the tone for the day First impressions

Being organized Being enthused Show confidence


Get the group’s attention

No yelling No starring Try bells, horns, clapping, stomping,

whistling, snapping fingers


Divide the group Plan this!

Avoid: Team captains Counting off Or by gender

Some methods Cards…example Starbursts Line up according to a characteristic, choose

every other one (birth date, ice cream choice) Color of stars, name tags Popsicle sticks


Learning Names

Builds trust & cohesion

Use name tags if necessary

Play name games

Ice breakers

Use names as much as possible


1. Preparation


3. Delivery Intro activity Directions Play & modify if needed Transitions Conclusions

3. Delivery

Introduce the Activity

Identify yourself until they all know you

Name the activity

Identify the goal of the activity

Tell a story I used to play this game when I was a kid Platform Picnic Fact or fictional


1. Preparation



3. Delivery

Give directions

Group position…bring them together

KISS:

KIP: keep it positive

What players can do

Give equipment after directions

Practice!

3. Delivery

Introduce the Activity

Voice Gym requires loud voice No slang Deal with outside noises “You guys”


1. Preparation



3. Delivery

Play Be involved with the group – leader

&/or group members

Modify if needed Stop or change an activity if it isn’t

working. Cat & Mouse tag

3. Delivery

Modify if needed Identify what elements can be

modified Equipment – weight, size, number Space – distance, height Time – minutes, repetitions Force - speed Rules – simplify, reduce, eliminate,

clarify


1. Preparation


3. Delivery Intro activity Directions Transitions Conclusions

3. Delivery

Transitions between two or more different experiences

Maintain momentum Minimize downtime Keep the flow of activities May be division of groups

What is similar between them Location

Outside activities vs. inside activities Equipment

Scooters for activities 1 & 2 rather than 1 & 3


1. Preparation


3. Delivery Intro activity Directions Transitions Conclusions

3. Delivery

Concluding the activity

Stop when they are having fun

Plan the conclusion

What have you learned?

Summarize the day

Leave on a positive note

Get group to pick up equipment (ie. Legos)

Some tips & rules….

Protect & clean the gym floorPinata, corn, sunflower seeds

Appropriate activities21st b-day party

No elimination, downtime, tackling, minimize physical contact activities

With children especially - minimize winners & losers

Some tips & rules….

Banned Activities Creativity counts Leaders should be dressed appropriately.

3 B’s Clean, well pressed, professional

Proper use of equipment Kicking volleyballs, throwing footballs at

gym wall Help each other with equipment returns

Direct Leadership Techniques Open: 1.Group assignments 2..

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