Digital Transformation in Estonia: Key Results and What Next

Taimar Peterkop Director General Information Systems Authority 02 October 2015

Agenda

• What solutions exist and why

• Estonian digital enablers

• Holistic view of the digital government

– Ubiquitous elD

– Databases and data exchange on X-Road

Digital government is useful

• It makes economic sense

– Kaizen, six-σ... strategy for governments?

• It makes social sense

– More flexible and agile society

– Less bureaucracy = happier customer

– Saving time

C

Kaart :http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:EU-Estonia.svg

Basic e-facts

• Nationwide eID since 2002 • 95% of tax declarations submitted digitally • I-voting since 2005 (8 nation-wide elections) • eHealth, eSchool, ePolice..

• 98% of medicines prescribed electronically • 90% of teachers, students, parents use eSchool

• 1,2M active e-ID cards • 60 M digital signatures/ year Saving time: 1 week per capita

I-Voting

• I-voting carried out 8 times since 2005

• Participation from 2% in 2005 to 31% in 2014

• Widely used among all voters

52% female, 48% male

25 – 34: 25%

> 55: 25%

• 5,7% votes from abroad

From 116 countries

Estonian digital enablers

– High per capita cost of public services

– Unfavorable geographic location

– All demographic ailments of the Western world

– Trust & cooperation between stakeholders

– Tiger Leap & Look@World projects

– Critical competences

The Foundation

• Authentication of people in digital environment + digital signature –

eID

• Secure/standardized identification and data exchange of information

systems – X-Road

National ID card

- Personal data file

- Certificate for authentication

- Certificate for digital signature

Compulsory for all residents

PIC: ‘One person = one identity’

Use cases: - Authentication

- Legally binding signature

- File encryption/decryption for secure delivery

Additional eID tokens

• Mobile-ID: SIM card based token

• Digi-ID: additional card for digital use only

• E-Residency card

• Digital stamp: eID for legal entity

X-Road

• Distributed environment of interoperability for information systems with central identity management

• Governance: overview of relationships between organizations

• ‘Once only’ principle

• Is not.. – Only technical solution

Challenges

• Increasing complexity of information system

- increasing complexity of threats

• Trust in digital government…

…lack of trust = decreased usage of ICT =

higher operational costs = less quality services

Ubiquitous eID

• People using various e-services

daily and realizing their benefit

– Users find it convenient to use

– Electronic service can become dominant

– Transparency of state-citizen relations

– Users are acquainted with the risks involved

Main conclusions…

• eID is only as useful as the business change it drives

• Success of eID relies on the ecosystem surrounding it

• Holistic view brings understanding and enables change

• A digital ecosystem cannot be limited to a single country

Digital ecosystem spans borders

• Finnish government has decided to implement X-Road as “palveluväylä”

• Cooperation between Estonia and Finland:

– Know-how sharing and consultation

– Development of core components

– Creation of cross-border service environment

• EU?

e-Residency

E-ID goes global: Estonia offers transnational secure digital identity: • Establish and administer a company online • Conduct all the banking online, e.g. make

electronic bank transfers • Declare taxes online • Digitally sign contracts and any other documents • Have access to international payment service

providers

Thank You!