Development of a Decision Making assistant for Hydropower ... · Develop a decision making...

LMH Laboratory for Hydraulic Machines

Development of a Decision Making assistant for Hydropower Project Potential Evaluation and

Optimization

Prof. Eng. Dr. Avellan

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Scope

Introduction

Hydropower Plant Modernization

RenovHydro

Conclusion

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International Electricity MixMain Renewable Energy Source is Hydropower!

21‘505 TWhin 2013 66.7 % Coal 17.0 % Hydro 10.7 % Nuclear 5.7 % NRE

GDP is driving!

US Energy Inform. Administration www.eia.gov

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http://www.eia.gov/


Pelton8%

Francis61%

Kaplan17%

Bulb2%

Pump-Turbine

12%

Hydro Turbines International Market

Breakdown by Types of Turbines

1’000 GW to be built before 2050Greenfield Projects

1’111 GW Installed Capacity in 2012Modernization Market

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Reasons for Rehabilitation:Increase of

Use of a Renewable Primary Energy Resource

Extend Power Plant Lifetime

Grid flexibility

Productivity

Reliability

Fleet management capability

Cost reduction

License Renewal !

1’111 GW Hydro Capacity Installed in2012 5


Independent model testing for hydropower repowering projects, 30 years of EPFL practices

42 Projects!

40'800 MW renewed Capacity !

17'100 MW Canada 11'320 MW USA

Complying IEC 60193 StandardsEfficiency Uncertainty <2 ‰

PF 1 PF 2 PF 3Max Head: 100 m 120 m 100 mMax Discharge: 1.4 m3/s 1.4 m3/s 1.4 m3/sGenerating Power: < 300 kW < 300 kW < 300 kWMax Speed: 1'500 rpm 2'500 rpm 2'500 rpmPumping Power: 900 kW 1000 kW 2 x 400 kW

EPFL Testing Facilities

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Reduced Scale Physical Model of Hydropower Plant Hydraulic Turbines or Pump-Turbines

Field Survey Reduced Scale Model Engineering

and Construction Base Line Tests New Design Assessment Operating Range Efficiency Cavitation p- fluctuations Runaway speed etc.

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Reduced Scale Physical Model

EPFL PF1 Test Rig

Ready for Tests 8


Base Line Hillchart 9


Unsteady Flow in Francis Draft Tube

Fundamental: Hydrodynamic instability, Cavitation, Fluid Structure Interactions, System Dynamics 10

Müller et al., Experiments in Fluids n° 54 : 1514, 2013.

Alligné et al., Journal of Hydraulic Research, Vol. 51, 6, 2010.

Simon Pasche PhD Work, SNF GRANT N° 200021_149818

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Jet flow impinging Pelton Buckets

SPHEROS FVPM Flow Simulation

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Christian Vessaz et al., "Toward design optimization of a Pelton turbine runner", Journal of Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, DOI 10.1007/s00158-016-1465-7, May 2016.Christian Vessaz et al., "Flow Simulation of Jet Deviation by Rotating Pelton Buckets Using Finite Volume Particle Method", Journal of Fluids Engineering, vol. 137(7), 2015.


Challenge of Hydraulic concessions renewals

What is the true potential of Swiss Hydropower Plants ? Multidisciplinary problem (hydraulic, mechanical,

electrical and civil) Large number of scenarios to screen Long term investments Appropriate merit analysis criteria for

most cost effective investments

Swiss Hydropower Background

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Project Key Goals True potential (quantitative) of hydropower considering: Concession ends Technology limits Environment conditions Costs

Develop a decision making assistant for hydropower project potential evaluation and optimization by considering: Electricity generation increase (Swiss Energy Strategy 2050) Flexibility (New renewable energy sources) Services to the grid (Ancillary services)Water Act Compliance

Complex decision-making process including economic, technical and environmental aspects

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Project Partners Academic partners:

EPFL-LMH: Coordination & Hydraulic Machines Engineering EPFL-DESL: Power Transmission Engineering EPFL-LCH: Hydraulic Structure Engineering

Industrial partners: Groupe E SA: Test case and Electricity FMV SA : Test case and Electricity market

Main Implementation partner: Power Vision Engineering Sàrl : SIMSEN RENOVHydro library

development Funding agencies:

KTI/CTI : SFOE : Swiss Energy Strategy 2050

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1 PhD student2 Post-doc2 Senior researchers


SIMSEN Simulation Software

SIMSEN includes:

Hydraulic circuit Electric comp.Rotating inertiaControl system

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Modeling:HPP Digital Twin


Methodology

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Project Outcomes Base line:

Gathering hydrology data Create the performance hillchart of the new

turbines Manually simulate and analyze all alternative

scenarios Arbitrary choice of the most cost effective

scenarios 200 days to process a simple test case

After RENOVHydro project: Automatic generation of the empirical

performance hillchart Automatic generation and stabilization of the

SIMSEN model Scenario assessment assistant module estimates

cost and performance of each case Simulate transient phenomena with electrical

power network 10 days to process a simple (or a complex) test

case

Time consuming approach Rigor in the analysis Skills in the field of Civil, Mechanical and

electrical Engineering Knowledge of specific computer software

Numerical model accuracy improved Decision-making process facilitated Wider range of scenarios investigated Best solutions do not depend of engineer

experience

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THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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http://lmh.epfl.ch/

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