Dental Ceramics. Essential Aspects for Clinical Practice

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21 Slip Casing ad Glass filraio

Te metod o slip cstng high-strength lumin cores or glss inltrtion ICerm tecoogy) ws deeoped before e i of

mchning ecniues or industrilly pre-bricted porous ingots7•However pe-fbricted ingot systems he become more popur dueto their superior ulty

Te slp cstig procedre s simil to the lyering echnique.Fine-gned lumn powder s mixed wi modeling luid to produce slip which s pped in yes to specil die to build p e substrucure. The modeed pece is subseuenly sintered (or 2hours 10 °). Siterng does not led to the sio of lumn pcles b

mkes tem become more ighty pcked. Glss inlrton of hisporous substructe s eefoe, peomed i the second sep of heprocede; st lnnum powder is mixed with spec solent ndpplied i ecess to te etel sfce of te substcte 3 epiece is en red fo 4 o·s t 0 o mel te gss picles.Te moten gss s drwn ito the ne pores o te substcture bycplly sucto) yieding hig-stregh gss-inltred lumisubstrcture

_ Sel onidet onhe use of pe-sintered blks ensres epodcble qliyResortions re mied on scle o 1 Io shrnge occurs durng itrion.

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22 Cmper Aied Desg/CmperAdd Maftrg

The Cerec® sysem wa e foeune i he ed of CAD ad man

facig of deal ceamic resoraions The avaabiliy of more sable oxde ceramics (alma zicoia) has gealy icreased e poplary of CAD/CA echology Improvemens in e oare nowmake i possble o pocess pesinered ("gree) or whiesage ziconia blocks This eecively expaded he ange o applicaio foCAD/CAM ecnology and all-ceamic bridges ca now be manaced by hs echiqe

CAD/CAM sysems ae maily sed o manface resoraios

from denely siered pre-siered) ceamic block of viraly allype, b a nmber of oer maerials ianim, syheic maeials)ca also be pocessed. f inered (green) zircoa blocks are ede bocks a is be mled ad sbseqely sinered o ll dsiy he inerg ace ha come w he ysem.

ee basic seps are ivolved in he manacng process wihall CAD/CAM sysem: Daa acqion (opical and mecancal)CAD, and CA of he esorao

De o he exremey high cos of CAD/CAM sysems a ce

rend i ti eld s he developmen of specialied CAD/CA ceers. Wh his se-p he idividal denal laboraoy oly eeds oprchase e syem's scanig ni The caned reoraion daa arerasfeed eecroically o a CAD/CAM cener Wiin a few dayshe laboraory receves e mafacred copig ha is eady foveeerg. Te ocera® sysem markeed by obel Biocae Swede)iie s kid of cental processig se-p



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Dgnc cr

g h i w wx

g elf-crg ei copoe oeo e ice

g li ipi o the tivw-p w the te.

gs and A cyic ou rvd ro h gtic wau s usd to o heie r vv.

27



e 3 eeer

Too reron d

Additinl ilin ks made o th - sv s nsfo tooth ppaation.

9 A hoizoaly ecoe licoeide i ed o guge rearatio dpth

oo rron

1 Al euon nl sertio png diod.

28

1 A meiodity ecoed lcoen ue to ppaaon leng

1 A th k tn l ully to l n ro

tec h va arn

1 Ail don fial oov.Tw o r faal oov created th acia ac o th eet ug a row, roued oica o . Thd o ah oov 0 m m hki t ln .



3. tystp: inal Por fo ariaon o Vns

g 14 Aa dtio ll gros rparaion. Bua and intrdtal dtion iom to yild th dd ooth hapBo th hou a t apromal mains shoud at as .5 mm i wid Ia

larg, roud paa diaond uhoud d o h a oom way.

g 15 A lat 1 to 5 m o inisal aa rqir. An aproimaty 0 mmdp alaal iih ln mad i aond damo in od to optialyoal h inisal dg

Fgs 1 o 18 h siion y ar s o otiuoy guh rslts of ooh raratio.

2



3 r

Fg 2 2 ial viw o th rrtio

mong

g 19 Al s dgs ronde ofwith fele dis and ie pepaaon isopleted.

Fg

22

23A cod, ick dlcto or lcd i ucus 5 to 0 iuts

o tkg th irsio.

30



e 3 eer

rv

8 Sel-in en i oded onto thelioe inde peed ove he pepreteeth lowed o ue in ple on he

teeth

F iihe ooho povoc preped the de ene

epy eet

32

i 30 to 3 Te peped teeth e potethed wh 30% pophoi i nd henoted wi ied ren. he poviionlre hen eted ih ued.

33 iew o the tepor cementedli ei sel



34 Steytep: incal Pocedre fo e abricaon o eee

Wa ry-i

ig 34 Wax hel ade accod to theft adtioal wap ore ie on in odeo i th diano

ae ry-n

3 ad 36 he amnae ae aled o e pepaed teeth wi lycern el.

Dvy pn

ig 3 a 38 iew o the inhe veee pror to cementaton

33



3 Vers

39

34

eng te eet or n eeton

At t torri v b ovd t rd tt rlnd olow: lr r d to rov ny rinn

ri o t rd tt, nd bondin r toouylnd wit nonod t. T rio r tn ioltdwit rubbr d nd t intdntl r rtd inwd d tix.

r i no or t 1 to 2 rnt dntin o tn t rrtion ily td wit 3 5 oor id bor lyin on ot o bodi div

inn ur o t vnr r td wit ydrou

ori id o od nd tn orouly ind wit wt nddrd wt diin lool r drin two to tr ylolztion nd dryin r rod 0 d ) ly litot o div ri i id to t bodin u o t vr

F0

iizin of etche veeer.



34 ysp: incl Pcr f bricon Vns

Cementaio

A -hyi sin coost t to 5 ° is olly us fonttio of olin n.

Lig-cing ocs o t lt sufc to th bccl sufcof t . E f with ittt ligh fo I utin o to ott ul o oving xcss s is ovusg fo llt wh th s is tll o o wit l ottgn osilting istns n stis f t sn s hFg42

Fg4

Recall

F 4 to 45 Vw ll, 1 w rplcmn rsrti

35



IV

Tbe authors ae gtl o the paicatn dn ecca fo excllt toratn ty prv an or tr csnl tamwk. W wol spal k a alr Gha (G- AG, Zr), B vt (Bran v AG DLabratoy,Zu ol ol (ol Inovv h Zr) KBM Iner Dtl Lty (Drt:AS Spa akls o Hz t f hs tirgard-g he hnicalts f etl eramcmaerials.

Titl togi

man editn:Oenc KernAtue Sl�)unk r e lini¢208 yCiph H

Qu=Biih Lay Cataong Pubon Da :

ntl

fr cmet ntstsDe)•kstHancr Cth67'95

• ISN7815097o 208 byCith Hc

Qsl�l

.G1a R ew Mac. uK JAiltBiainw.quiub..kll h cd hi> anypn he n rrdu d i aeva olrasmne ay fb y ean. ect echl.ng. o wiu cn othbsEin: Qec PubsgCLtd, Lo S O'N W,lau an pin un\amb, &iP

tigabJd: k

n Dnbnk G enean



'c

6

Vc�

uc

E

e

37



4 cic Snge n

Tal 1

Gsscermc

-iitrtedei

Oxde.er

38

4 dcaiosWhn lng all-r sngl row rstortons th ho o a rstoaton sys s tn by followng fators: St sha Sa rqurntslaran (ooth rton) Trslny o ajant tth Strng rnts (antror or osro rgon.

h r atrals vlal oay llow th tl abortoryhan to st arorat ra rstorton sys or ahnvl stuton t last o a trals vwont

Bas on thr tral srgth ot rorts th ollowng trals an b s n antor anor ostror l ons as sb Tb

Dak tup Sud Adja tt Rnsad ppaat ansy

o 08 o mm i Anterr

o/Y o .2m Moe, Anrrh oerir

o/Ye o/e Moete, Anerrow oerr

f an o r or s to b l o a vry transarnt too

or s s rqur or h rstoron or wth oth r or trls suh as glass-r h ooth ruto sgn ustb o aorgly Sa s rqr or: or (roughly 5 T oaqu lyr vng ra ( 1

w n rov star olors of r or an vnrgatrals now ak t ossb o ru th layr thkss n ao

n wth th o stnrs o tooth strutur rsvaton



4 cc ows

Dagam 1

4

\

g 1 oif t orir row nLne Pep e (ns A, Gr,wzernd } o 2006. oe o the oignlintrs w modii or rpd oom with odr rqims o

lrmc sortonsur lrh: Vn dond nweprtig dmond, holder dmond,soue inihng io (now wderootll diond now ro oobliisi diond dmond fnhng urw 3 r nw, for AD/A

43 Cl ica rvval

Thnk t th hnli dvn i dn mi mtrl it inw ibl t nd rmi ltin r nrly vry linil bm. It i nivbl ht llrmi rw ld rl mlrmi rwn in th r i thy rm wl n nil rtivr th lntm.

Th rvivl nd mliin t llmi nd mtlmi w wr mrd n rnt rvw th ir

blihd in nlih nd G m 0 2004 Rlvn nl trl with minimm brvin rd t l 3 y wrnldd.

h wntthr di n llmi rwn ht th thrd r litd n Tb2 to rdin t ml y nd ytm h nnl ilr rt l-mi rwn w 2 % tl 58 ntrir nd trir rttin



4 Clnil ul

Rrcm crc mtril rlt imrvmt cic urvivl: ul ilur r r t trir trirtri tui cr t 08 % 06% r gl-iltrcric ( 269 crw) l tr lum cric

68 crw) rcivl l ir rt r clitmtl () crw

w higr (29 %) i w tmi b igl u th mt thclui citi13

rult thi t hw tt crmic cr-ric cw lc i rir trr rgi v hig rt ucch cliicl ucc rt r wk gl-crmic cw w mwt lw th th r high-trgth cw but crbl t tt

r PM crw. ic cr l l rtivt th cliicl ucc t, bu lg-tr ti r t vibl. h c-mkig rc grig t lct cc mtril r t rtrt i cb i th w crtblw Do fow chr

High hti dmad

�

Quality of h aumt too o or

I

\

Tootoord autmtooth or o;

ahv mao o

olor atmttooh or or;

ahiv mtaio ot ol

-�

Allram,maami)

oatio. ujd o hgmatatory or

Ziroia, Alumia(ma-rami)

Disi fw a 1 f th n f t i mi

4



4 cic Snge n

Tal Srivl rs or l-cric crows

to ya

Bl l 200s l 19997

rpsi 2<

Klsy l 995x

Mir 2'

jrg l 9992j

lof 000

r t l 2002

Sjrg l 998'4

So t l 99

Sud 998

B

Cow matalytm

sGssc or

-ricIcor

GsscrcI cor

-cric

I Dcorcrmicor

Gss-cr cI Emr

rmicI Emr

GsscrcI Erss)

-crmicEmr

GsscricI rss]

o-crmicI H-rm

H t l 99 crmic

IO J

Cheung 99 Gss-crcc crows

dato

Arior?

Aior,otror

Posror

Aio

otrorArioPosror

AioPosror

Arior,otror

AoPosror

Arior,otror

AroPosror

Aio,otror

Ariootror

Aio

Oato al pod Oal al

37 yeas 5.% 5%4 yrs 0 % 0.0%

=

7 r 2.3 % 35 %

4 yrs 4.8 % 6.5

4.3 r 1. % 39 %

6 yrs 8.0 o 95 %

4 yrs .0% 0.5

1 1 y .8 o 0

:

3 yrs % 9

3 1 .3 % 4 %

5 yrs 8. % %

=

5 r .3 % 09

5 r .3 % 3 %

33 yrs % 800



4 Clic Suvl

Tal Sivl tes o ll-ei ow gloiiltte e

, a Cn aas Idats Osati(st) d

s199"

Ce Ateio,

yeAli Poste

e et l -e Ateio, yesAli Poeo

ste -Ce Ateio, 6 yesAli Posteo

Soti et ol 199 Ce Ateio, 1 yeAli Poteo

Sel 21 -Ce Ateio, 6 yesAli Poteo

Bi et 22 Ce Posteo 2 yesAli Spel

ei e ol -Ce Poteo 4 yesSpiel

Tal 4 Sivl tes o llceic cows oie ceic

t a Cn atals Idats Osat(sst pid

e et 1998 Al A Ateio, yesPoceo Poteo

et l 21 Ali Al23 Ateio 1 yesPoe Poteo

Fal atOall al

2%9%

4% 1 %

% 6 %

1 %

% 2%

% 2%

% 6

Fail atOall al

1 % 6

6% 7%

:

=

4



4 ow

44 Cncal ad LaboraoyProcedues

DntsIia consultato

Goo omuiatio betwee t patiet di ad detal eii i cil o t ltio o optml ortv tril poede fo te dei ad te detal laboato ae dribd tepb-tep t lil tud prtd beow

Fgs i oug won hd n di with th pprn of hr tior h for vrl r. nv ni , t titig o n orowr idl " too ho) n th ifr oo of hr ol opoi ilingotd h T t rown t o-vtl b tooth 12 b ioorov ou o th n w vd nightl. T pol wrrd viibl d o t ptt hg i li. dion o tooth doorionpo th w o o g dolortio o th rginl gingv t too 2.h int wihd to hv mtl-f nt torion.oogph dig li t rt, lgtl rtd d i ull ml r r or trtmnt lnig n ontion uo

44



Fg 3a 3d h rimin igiw gn ding intil nlttnpt iling mr im gh d h crrcn

drti h tin nd dnti n n lly l nddiu h bli d mtin thtin xn. lgit irin f h mutd in i ubly d in dr cnc dd g th dtl tcnicin th ic c, th dti dditilyxlid tt th gry diln f gngi dby dicln th rt, i immnt c xcd n f

n llcic tn i d

4.4 Cliic nd Lbrtry Pcdr

45



4 cic Snge n

4

b

Dgnc wT sccss prstc rstrtin dpnds umbr f fctrs

icldig ccrt rprdctin t nturl t clr spnd ntmic psitn f t t nd ir drct itrctis tdtcl cmpl ls ply mjr r dntl tcicn msrccil t sttic xpctins f t ptit d dtist wit tcicl limtins f mtrils nd t pint's cil cstrts flwig rcrds ndd f digstc pnig scripti f t sttic xpcttis t ptit

ticultd sud mdl 4) Prtrmnt ptgrps (:

rtrit ptgrpViw ips t rstVw ips sligtl pdVw ll smil

g4

Fg 4b i dy d.



4.4 Clica and Laboratory Pocedres

Stp-by-stp rocdu

Uing the tudy mode ubmted by he liia te denal tehniianDT makes an addtive wax-up with oeio for tooth poition or

aguatio wo ioe idee ae made om the waup; one se as a referee or toot peaation and the other for fariationo he indiet ovioal (ayli ein ell)

Fo patiet with ih estheti demads it i adviable to do amoup o one or two dieent retoation pooal o the aiento "t o te propoed restoatio or he tea paie enist anenal teiian) to ealuate an diu

•

g M-u the ln retrato

Te thshel s are pae the teet to n n pt

4



4 n

D

Ccl go

4

5 t5c A o-u o oov liv i m o h hin n y o nw ook in oh o w dy h nrddignoi i dvi llywn jor g hv n propod hp o iv pr diniion ofh rooon gol o h r ormn

Trmn lnnig: ooh 2: rown h 11/2 : v

Fi 6 n p diion o h rn ol hd o, iodol/oiv n w pordn h ol orio w rmovdnodon

rn w in o un 1; h px w nor, vrlydiolod rdh. B on h linilion !iul dn, ilp, inrnling w no o hn di no wh o hv h whningrodr A whi opqug omoiw ho o m h o h doo m oo.



4.4 Clica and Labary Pcedre

Lb

Dnotc wx d hell roviiol

It advale t lae a ual eld n te u ere t e ovol. Ti llo ore e or eer itrorl oitng te relned rovoa Sle nee o te dagtxu e lo de reeree or oo reto

Fig 7a Wa d

F �c <ntld �!ng pt t th pnl.

7 Adi ia wa-p

7d Fnd pl tnm f pm i

4



4 cic ows

D

Too aaon an oonaDinstic s el tients e ther isin wi r

tt rng th igntic lnnng tge, n hg nthe e tth she r siti cn stl e e f eterinenr y he t in, ni n tehni

lether r ilicne iresin te efiitivel erebtet th i ten lter nent

Fs 7 7f A slco o osc w- s ror o oth rrn. Th scn ows r slctv cn of cc r th rstortn wtha osat to stuc

s Sa nd 8 h bcal a ncsa ascs f h arans a assss s sl x h tth uny ns n lac th a

rsto. All s n nns ust crlly n.

Fs9a nd 9b h nstc o- nst wax-u s nw rn st as t ovsol soon

5



4.4 Clica and Labrary Pcedre

ab

ratmnt w-The retment wx- ee ube ftin. Whe n e

ree merl i ue te n be me r tth he cnt gu O). ice the ilicne iex frm the wxuhw etly hw mh e i vilble r te retrt, therere nlent urie in e ei erin e. hentrrll ee tretmet w-u inee e eletin reortve eil.

Fg lOa Te h u eered y he eeal a e ee, an he cal hape f he eeh y he aal rde

b

F lOb an Oc.

1



4 cic Snge n

De

W -n

Fs and 1 Ty- the tretmen w-p, wc ws prere by e ent tehic n he mse st cdi t te preiminry sti w

b

S n

F 1 1 a hde yses shud e permed t n pm h empee5500°K, especly when teiesti s be de. he te mninr le e s n ie tie f y shde yss R liht lity testcrds re ls helpl

5

F 1 b Detemnn f e stmp shdes ls require r brictn lcermc resttis.

1 t s vey elpf te the sde nlysiswth e p [me fumn zcni e. npe n t stn the pin intrrly s neede



4.4 Clica an Labrry Pcr

Shae eeo ai

a

.

- "'

t

F 1 Sa g ul

l r a r inann ml a analy

F 1 1 f Ognl a l by o ra manuaur.

eck fo ae anayi

S o san a eye lvl wt te pan

e

F 1 k ra ru

rrng r r l),whh nrr wi h hara.

g

F 1 um a gi.

e iet snlgh o ylht llmaon Noe colo n h ou a r s:

Lpsk make-pLi oThe eeh shld be hoouly leaned beforead

Imressons shold be ake efoeha

53



4 cic Snge n

54

Disposable gloves Colo ings etc Colo makes Colo cas Ceek eacos Mt mo Camea

Seecon o ceamc materia

Factos at eteine te choice o ceamic mateias se o theestoation ae: egio stmp sae space equements a bie sit

ato Region: ateioAll-ceamic estoatos (with o without ceamic coes aepefeable te ateio egion becase of te ligt tasmissionpopees o ceamic mateials. Stump sae:

te abutme toot is seveely iscoloe A4 >B4 eamout of colo vaiato possible wit all-ceamic estoatios isgeaty limite.

Space eqiemets a coeeioce alumia zicoia all-eamic estoation so be place a mnimum coe hckness o 04 mm sol beobsee. thewise tee is a igh sk of cemc facte. Bie siuatio

Conveional pocela-seometal cowns sol be se paies with eteme bite poblems

Bct ae ty-in and coleton of e etoratonGoig om the biscut bae t-n to the compee estoatio by aiagnostic waxp an a eatment wax-p as pove to be a sccessl cocept patients with hg esthetic ems.



c

Den ake -n

4.4 Clica and Laborory Pocedre

Figs 1 1f Te loe de fom ewa- i a eul oo or he ayeide ade deero crcal fo alceramc reoraio ecae me eie o pedc he nl reu.

Fig 1 c be ryi o eeer adrcona cow a e ea ofce.

55



4 cic Snge n

Cmpd ra

F d 1 oeted retortio iroi row o ooth 2, veeer 360deeeo ooh , veeer or ooh 2 odie prepooio

Fg 1 The oiog key e. terRei, G, UA bried y the ealecncan ae poble o e orcorec eheic poio o he eoraondu eenaio. Howee it abouel eetil o e o expore oe ri oiohe bodi roedre or dee e

o cerac aera ecrbe sepyep i Chper

gs 1 d 1b ro l ew an e ae placee o e reoraohe ue o ceac aeial wi deren opical a ecaca propere copeaed o p de etio d irregularie i oo edio.

56



Refeeces

Beek KW. ollamshe Kostaonn as HCrm 5aeSte. ts Zatl Z 992476166.

2. Bn! A a WH Survva rate o monoerm an eam-oeCAD/CAeeae aero ws over 25 yers. Er al S 20041 12(2 97204.

. B! A a WH A up to 5-year al evalao o posero nCerm CA/CA ore rowns 1 J osoon 2002;15(545156

Cheu S Apelmy veson to e loevy a uses o le of sne n exoon esortos J Det 991 9) 160 6

5 EeofD HorstemperT Rte EJ, Spekea H Ylm Asvn onvton eestt Emprs Kone ts Zatl Z2000553260

6. Epstn H, Borh R, Kersha otm l rslts o l

vaoeam a sseam vu ows ose Det2000;(550534.

7 Esaf D Dav A Dv S Caama J. A ew ppoa o esortve etsry arat erm restoaos usn CEREC CA/CA. CompeCo Eu Det 1999;20(6):5550

. ae Reeman A yer a evao o eutereoe ss-erm rowns A retospetve sty. nessene lnt2002;(50510

9 Fae Aqo A Coo Clnl eeee wl Ceam rowns 5yr foowp l J eoonts Rsoatve D200222(6525533.

0 Hakson JA, Cptta E. v yes al e wth uteeor oe rown system. t eroons Resatve Det1994; 1(2 153.

. Hs A. Zum Sn e klnse Bewu ltatoseamsheereoe. Ds Zaz Z 1995;50:674676.

2. Kesey W r, Cave! T Bkenau R Brmeer WW Wwern a A. -year al suy o astae erm owns Am J Det1995;(5)259262

Kersbam aszy CKp S eyer ewelzet n Rskoatoealyse von feszenem Zesa. ts Zatl Z 991 46202

ren A, Whte S Suva oCm Crowns n rvt a A

osptv lnl l. Post De 2000326222 5. r , Rhtr EJ Ke H Spe H. Klse Bn Ko

n as Doraskamk. ts Zartl Z 9924761064.6. u EB. aors uen suess o porela jake resoatos. J Prs

theDe 9 6 1 1 :7374.7. A Aesso ysek-nraek 1 ausson ve-yea ln

evauon oPoeA!Ceram ows. J Prosthe De 99;0(4)450456. mn P Anersson B oer Al-Ceam rowns ollowe for 5 to 05

yea Aospetve lnl suy osoont 200 ;504509

Refeences

57



4 cic Snge n

58

19. Pjetsson BE Saer Zwhe ele F A sseatc revew ohe srvval a colcato aes o acerc a el-ceac esorions ae an osevaon eo of at least 3 ers Par Sle crowns lnOra p Res 20078Spl.3)73

20. Prster L Knsce Laetehre volleraschen Koe as

n-ea. Qessez 199;8 1639646 Scott R, aao S Dla A clncal evalao of -e crows

J rosoo 1995;8(4)32033 Sea S eoseive assesse o 56 allei aero and ostior

crows n a nal aic J rost Dn 2001 85654455023 S G, Lanto R, llbr lca evauaion o allceaic owns

Dco eral racc Poshet Dent 9998 3277282. Se G Lantto R Ganbeg A, Snds BO Ter A. ca exa

nao of lecte-renfoced lss-cec crows (Eress) n eneal pacce A erospecve sd Poshodot 19992(2)22128.

2. Sorese A ho Fasc o WT. S Epess crown sse

ree-ear clnca ta esls. Cafet sso 1998;26(2 3 0136.26 Sde S, Lehne C Bobec U Screr P. S-e rests of lecteren

orce asscerac cowns c ecae Dei eveica998328

27. Weaver JD Joso G Bales DJ. ana adaaion of casae ceaiccrows J Prosht t 199 66:74775



1'(

a

u

•

c(

- <

.

>

c0

5



5 Nvl bum Th

60

A mb of aitioal fato m oi wh plaig tpoti aiitatio of o-vita tth. Apat fom ooiptamt a biomaial fato iatig matal ltoa tooth ppaato ti fato a alo ial to tatmt

u a of ufu oato o ootialy tat

tth potly ag fom 70 to 95p, pig o ow thitia o a f• Lakag o batia ito h oba oo aal la to otamato of th oo aal lum Batial miolaag a qt piapial -iftio a wl aoay ai a ubqut lo of ttio of t toatoa mao a o oot fai

iolakag o i p o vaio fato iluig: typ of oot aal llig matial/mt th a

quay ofllig typ a quality of th poviioa toato typ a quality of th tiv toato

o m to a ha ab o ahiv otally ompl algbt ft typ of m aiv gialy it vl o

ag qualiy Zi popat mt fo amp, pov to b giaty o to gla oom mt a ompoi mt pt ui' al 8

51 Biechancs f Nvta eeth

mo tootl tuu lot toug ay o mov to at aa fo ooti tatmt o to ppa th tth o toatioh gat th tt o fomato of t maig toot utuuig tioal atvity. ot plamt qui th aitioalmoval o i, th fh waig t ooth u o a poto o tgt h ooth pio to pothti toato b atit mly v to a h ttio o th ow a o a toamit t fo pla o thm o t maiig tooth tu.

Fom a bomhaial pot of viw th toot po a o ompi



an inmgenes ystem Biing ce ae aneed m themechanically stnge cmpnents te system t the eake systemcmpnent nde ecesie tan, the ekes pat te ytem ite s ace and that is sally te dentin.

51 .1 Ro of rul Eft

All stdie inestigatng the le te amnt tt scteenelped by a crn e1le eec n all-ceramc estans haes a csed slely n c lted th zinc hpate cements95•Wth these lting agent thee i n chemical adhein beeen the

cement and the th pt he esistance cn lted ih zinchsphate cement cclsal ces as nd be gncantly hghe in etatins it a 2mm ele6• Stdie ealaing the le erle deign n adhesi cementatin ar n aaiabe Diagram!).

entin

Core

2 oss

; "'' " "'" "V

C

�···-· .. . .

I u

e

hee is cently n denitie ane t the citical qein hthe nt the placement a p is still necsary adeqatece eentin in lig e adanced adhese technlgies aailable tday. n tdes n hi bject ae cac and mst aeplaged by the pbem p cmpaability. Cnseenly theeae nly geneal gidelines aid e dentit in making e decisin ehe nt t place a pst in an enddntically ·eated th.

hee ae descbed be

52 Poss

Dagm 1

6



5 Nnvit bumt th

62

Inito For rttio o or i oowi iunt tooh uur

oritio Aililty o qt toot trt to rt or Vry rrow or ortou too root So root qu l o roo l fllig ripil ptoogi

ruit or pot n or plt u roo l pprtio tqu

Coplt ling o t roo l yt uig o-llilig tril No or inil pour o t ro l lig to t orl ity

opitio Lo o rio o t rtotion Cri Toot rtur

21 Pst Gemery

T u o ti pot (rw pot i o ro butir tr gn l to inr itnion tr t oul to root rt• Pi pot yt work by pi rin to witrw (tg-k wit no ti rtion oor

Cylinril pot i goo rtto by n o io but

ty r too wi to i t pl rgo, wr t root uulybo or row (Dagam2) Conl pot on t otr or uitb gotry but poor rtnto y lo tn towg wn o i ppli Dagra 3 Cyliro-o potwr tror, lop to obn tg o t twoor ybri pot r oil in pil rgio n yril i orol rgo.



Dogrms nd

522 Pst Mateals

Various ypes o maeas ae use o anufacre ena poss cung meas, ceramics ber-enforce aerias. For bioogic reasons, e oy meas suiabe for use as ena poss ae go a aiu he no-precious eas are subec o coosion. The mechnicapefomace of ea poss s goo, even wen heir iaeer is sma

Zrcoia hr 2 is he oy ceraic pos maeria

avaiabe Fg 1) Zirconia poss ave high eura srengh b, iea ceraics hey are very brie. To acheve sucie acue resisance he iaeer of ceraic poss us be sighy arger han ha ofmea poss. Mea an ceamic poss can be use or eher irec onrec resoaos

he ien ypes of fiber poss F 2 iffer i a number oways Gass or carbon ibers are ebee in a resin coposie orepoxy resi marx. he number an aee of renforcig fibers

aries o one manuacurer o anoher The ecaica properieso he ieren ypes o be poss vay accoringy. he mouus oeasicy o he various syses ages wiey fro oughy 0 o30 Pa. ie a synhec maeras, ber poss are suscepibe ohuiiy a faigue Therefore, he echanica aa pove by hemaufacurers appy ony o bran-new ber poss ber poss aresuiabe for rec resoaos ony.

52 Poss

63



5 Nv bum h

64

Fig 1 t f zci t

3 Eshecs

acre srace a

o-vita teeh may beome isooe e o the esene of metai substanes in oo in mateias boo eaatio ots o

eae u oteins Mea osts ae aso sai to have a eatveet o tooth oo a ths o the aeaae of osthootiestoatios Esthets may theeoe, be aeabe fo esthetayemai estoatos

53.1 la of Non-vtal th

he os an os of beahi non-via teeth must be aey osiee befoe stati suh a eamet ne istit avanta ofon-ita eahi is tha if suessfu, t may o one e neessay to a a own o th o-vita tooth i o o obtai thesie estheti esu. I ostheti ehabiaion is sti equie,eah wi make th abutment moe osey math the oiiaooth shae ths eatin moe otima oitions o the faiatioof an a-eami own by a enta tehiian St it is imoa toea in min that beahn oes not ihte isooe ooth oots

whih oe show thouh the iniva



he ma isavanage fnn-vita beaching is the risk f resrin athe r sace. Hygen erxie te mst cmmny use beacing agen eneaes entin an can cause extea rt resrti byvie f its aciic H• t is herefre crcial t ense that the rt

ig is reuce y 1 t2 mm bew te cementename ncins the rt llig ane cannt cmetely revent the iffusin feaching maerias gass inmer cement is neee fr aitinasealng he incience f cervical rt resrti was shw ticrease when 0% yrgen erxie is use r wen therm-cataytic bleaching s erfrme. herefe it is generay recmmene that intea eaching be efrme usg sim erbrate mxewith water frmi t merate staing r with 3% yrge erx

ie f severey isclre teeth It is nt aways ssbe t eiminateth iscatin he success f bleacing varies eeig n hecause fisclratin nike b an rtein egraatin ructsmalic rcts ae very esistan blachig

As, te cr sability f te beaching est is nt always assure.isclratin rease resumaby ccrs e t eakag thrgh therestratin margs• The mre extesive te restrati f te aectetth, the greaer the chances hat cr igments r actera w beabe t enetae the margins an cause a ease f sclain.

Aer beachng the nng stregth f resrative materias te th is temraily rece ue t he resence fresiua erxie r xygen tima ahesi s achieve wees aer beachig. Tis ime ase can e se t ceck fr cl stabiliy a tay cacium hyrxe i rer uer the acic H at the rsace t revent resrtin.

53 tec

65



Chapte 5 Nv bte Tet

Fg i otit ooio hd A3l.

66

52 Efets f Psts t Clr

o-toot-colo po a ai to ak h toot a t magialgiga look gay a to pai ttc. T colo tabty o fou

po matia taium, cabo b, gla b a icoia, aoaqu cooit ct aia aay Dal S acompot co tc C Sa A a a oCAD camc cowCER wa cy itigat by ou goup Slr l,

ar)W i ot or ay ifc btw aiou typ o

pot matial wt ga to colo cag i t root gio ow,th ic btw t it pot tial w igiicat

3 and 4 typ of po atial uc th coo of cow (Fg d 6 W ou hat cow colo i igicatly ak o titau a cabo b pot co by a caic lay ti ha 5 wa i o igca ic w caic lay i tic ha m. aly apl o t crowagi, w th lay thick i o l ta m

ig on ot oosieoe shde l

g in osnd o h ER on(d A3.

g6 Zoni otnd o th onhd A31.



54 lnl Poere

5 Cncal Pcede

raation Cair

Rubb amDnin boning agntanava C mntSt of rior omoitolmration lam.

Toothoa a y toothra a traigh a o root analrar th ot ana uing ril of aroriat z lavingat la mm of guta ra lngRin t ana wih oim hyohlorit oltion (aoion an y wit ar oint 7In t o into th rar ana to th rfrn lngthto hk fo t

hk raioga ifnar

7 A pp po is ud to dy o.

8 Te pos is insee to te eeeneleng o e o ft.

67



Chapte 5 Nv bue h

Po Tiiu po nb wih 0 �A Zrconi po coniio wih ler Porceli Acivor Clel SE BN ry rier :

ein Boin I eel eh i eqire, ppy 37% phophoic ci or

0eco hen ow o ry cely pper poin he cl. Mix D Prier A n B Ar Bon o o . Apply lo

in he cal wh bruh leve o or 60 eco Sueqenlyow o ry. Reove exce prie o he cl ui

orben ppe poin Fi

ee Pvi

Mix cee ( o xin pMx wh pl or 30eco o o hooeeouperp he po wh imon orcep n we he lower 3 o o he po wih ceen g1 0Ine he po io he cnl Fg 1)Reove exce ceeApply Clerl SE B o he ene ein enelce llow o ake eec low o n low o hrenor 60 ecoBuil p he coe wih hyri copoie eril (i .

g 9 Apion o prier. g 10 Weng the pos wi cee

68



Reeences

1 1 Vew o e insered st berecre uildp.

1 iew the ie mte re.

Refeence

. Bcha W Dre P er eschler E Pshley DH.

cee eclly ee ee rese ss. J E9920-08.

2 CU V Res A G Ars G he eec ese ell eac ee sh res cpse Ope D00I 66)59760

3. ra I a bla s a mlas Am DAss 1997;8 a ssu)5155.

. ra Rse I bl H bhlz A H I. c ear resp a ese ess 58 bleae pulless ee. De ral 988 1-6

5. ss Z zas ae ur peey c hyre

lech es J E 1989; 15(86-6.6 Gel Gl uerm E. fec mlee eeer rs

e cmesse s f ey ree pserr ee J rsheDe 19656

7 Glcer K Ebelseer K Gezllers Blee e ebe zhe Qssz 99;5957

8. Hll D, krb J E ara blea cl r res E 199; 18 158

9. Is Br K 999 Iec a eh esrus eface c er pss l rsh 9969 136

10. lse Y H s as D. Ees f ee ree

a efbae sre ps rshe De 1987;577-17

69



Cape 5 N-v/ be ee

70

1 Rotti I Zyd D, Lewti I Brge . Et o dieret proeve se teris o drog oide ege durig irool ehig i iro Edodo 2 1 : 17.

2. Rotstei I Fredma S Mo elso J Soe M Ba I Hisologiaeto o leagded ete oo resoto dogs. Jdodo 1 17):36.

. Soaa MS odiges JA Pieta LA to o eage o omposie restoaio ae oa leag Qitessee l 20012-1

See JA gea MJ errle desg ad aue restae oedodoally teaed ee Prostet De 10656

. Stadee to M oloom P. The des rew omprte steslyi wi oe dodo dowel desg. J Orl Rei 1.

6. de T, Pl A Behig o too diolotio edyedodo eles. J dodot 6 12212.

7. Weige R Axma- D s Progoss o oeo oot aetme reosdered Edod e auol 1 ( I: 1-.



''QI

a

u

·-

uQ

C

E

Q

I

a

�

71



Capte 6 Exte Be

72

6 nrodcon

Beh ene e eolorizto whiei of meri.

Blehi ent e i entl ppion eove tooh iooto by oxizi hromoei moleule. Vtl tooth blehi iitiie om on-vil blehin n i perfoe on the exte tooh e.

6.12 lag Agts

Hyroe peoxie HBk own ito oxye pryroxyl ril u . Crbmie peroxie N-C-N

Ret wit wter to fo re (6.6 p hyroe peroxe(3 .4 p.

613 Mas f At

Free u il ue thoh the or ube of thenterprimi emel throuh the ei. eryroxyl i( bre ow he le k hromoeni molele reponblefo tooth ootion o mler nturte oubleboe moleule re hter in oo er fher oion the moee reoverte into npiente yrophil urte rbon ompon.

6.14 Idats fr Extral lag Dioorto of he enmel e-relte tooth iootion Mil to oerte etyline tin.



62 ow lecn

65 Cntaats

Stain that an b mov by man of ossional toot laning Aaga stains

Waing Sia aution i avis in atint with laky llingshynstiv tt lag ul avt ano os ntn

62 owe ecng

ow laing i an in-o o fo sing higlyonntat baing agnt Lgt-avat atalyts a otims to otntat th baing aton. ow blang anly o to win a ingl isoo toot o on iaa of a toot. Gnaly mltil sssions a qui. owblaing out ontain abam an yogn oxi at onntaions o to %• T ay of ng ligt-aivation ootntaion o ow blahing ha n vaaby si aliaion of ig-intnsity gt alo abo t is of ovhaing

t l

621 Pwe Bleahng Prere

Clan t t wt an abaiv olihing ast n a ub .(Th uo o asng h tt wt alohol o thng tnam wih hosoi ai fo tis uo i now obolt.

Dtn a omnt t unt sha of t th (otog t h togh wth t ha gi. olat tt wit a ubb Aly th blaing agnt fo aoxa ly 5 mints an wi

o with a oton swab soak in 3 % hyogn oxi; at foa tota o to 6 tim Ligt aiva h blaing agnt aoingo h anufats insttons Wang ak autions oavoi ovating!

73



Chapter Extel Bleacing

7

Subqly appy ll l gl h h lui u i an f h na a ni,wih i igniany iiih by h bahig pu h iga barn8. Dpning h l f whiig, h pru ay

pa a ab h if ary. a pa phgapi r Rraiv an l b pr ui a a

h a h whnig Thi allw f a bna h liiain xyg ainig in h al rur af blahing, h prving bn rgh f ahiv h bah al an ni•

63 Combned leac hing

i blahing a h i wh iiial i- aiiblahig i fllw by ubqn a- bahng Ti pur an b ra vrly il h ailiz h

l f i baing Hwv i hav ay avaag vr a- bahng xp f h iial alrain whni

6.4 At-h ome leaching

hi an aly i al r a nighguar blaing uhga lahing. a- blahig, h pai appli ail blahg ag h ing a ay. I h liar,0% aa prxi ha n ib a a iv a afbaig agn. I igia wiing wr illabl w ya af lahig' u ray faiaf nighguar blahig hu av g rvi Si avhw ha 5% f h blahig gl ai i h vi 2 ha applia, a ha 4% i ill pr 6 hu ar applia

n



.4 Ahe each

641 A-hom lag Prodr

ooy poee (Figs I 3 e tuy (o he ie impeio poie y

te entit le tin ppoximtely 0. m lye o loo teil

o he li tooh ufe to ee e eevoi o not blokot the iil ee oll fe now oe lote ivl min e .5ti oft ty tel to vmfo exile

fo-le ty ee o t ty oul ollow he li iv ontou

ovelppin e o i mi lihly o peve lekeo te el

F Sud with -ut i fgl vis la th uf

The ra llw he val

F Te cu a id d heede roued.

75



Capte 6 Exte Be

76

haii p Fg 4 9) Clan h h wih a abaiv plhi pa in a bb p Din an m h a paph h

h wih h a i Aap ay f pimal vi pa wi iin n w h ay a l

bahin ym nui f :

Fi b an h h wih hpa an na Dip ab f whinin l in vi f aySa ay v h ly p h ay aain h h

Rmv wih a hbh a wabRain fm ain an inki wi ay i i pla mvin h ay, lan wiha bh a waSbqy in h wih a ll linlan ay wi a b an waAv mk a f a will ai h niain f am pa l b nf ab pnal i vb iv a inva iain.

T pai l b awa w alva ympm .. by apply nizin .

Th pain hl b i wih n whini f nwk f amn. Fi wk whn l i iniially appli 2

f i . If n i f l i applivih f 8 h Fqnly plain blahi aina k f i •

Th pain hl f a fllw-p vii a wk. h a n pbm vi blahn an b in Th ain am i nally 2wk f mil m

a aini' an p 6 mnh f aylin ain Th blain l l b a an mn. Raiv amn l n b pfm i a a l

mh a h whni. Thi allw m f ha bna h limiain y main in h al a blain h mpvin bn f a

iv h bah aml an ni·



g Tooh ceann

g 6 abs el ae dsesed o he.eseos

g 8 Vew of he se a.

64 Ahoe leac

g 5 reeae phoahc recrdwh reeence shade

g 7 xcess el s subsequenly remed.

g 9 oseae ooaphc recodwh eerece sade.

77



Capte 6 Exe Be

78

65 "Ovetheconte TeehWheng

ver-the-onter (T teet witein systes are freely availableon te aret. The aufaturers roise their ustoers witeeeth

1 OTC Bleaching Kits

beahn ts eerally onsist of an aii oral ris aeti

ai or itri ai, a reabriae tay tat a only be aate to alie eree 3 to 6 % hyroen eroxie bleahi el a aabasive toothaste Beause of the oor t of the ay, he bleahel eas, is swaow a is qily inativate by saliva ln aiio the roeure is very abrasive. Te se of sh is aot beeoee

Wite in g Strips

Wteni sris ae trasarent selfahesive stris of astablelasti tat ave bee oate on oe se with bleain aen Theyare enerally wo for 30iutes a ay twie aily for a erio of2 wees Te ost oonly use bleai aent is 6 % hyoeneroxe. Whtei stris roue eonstrable teeh whiteiees, an te sie eets en to i an reversible The osteeiveess raio of witein stris is atraive to osers.

.3 t Whiig oothpasts

Toothastes o ot have a bleain eet beause yroe eroie an arbaie eoe are ioatible wt te oter ireients i these outs. At bes they wor toh oabrasion oroealin eets



654 Whteng Chewg Gus

T acti igrint i witing cwng gm a icl iltby lia. Ftmo, witni agt a aiy inatat

by alia roia

Reeence

A See , Mais BA Coran MA, eons R, topes MA. Ciial ealuaon f wo in-oe beag prots Ope Dent 20028(5:488495

2. Caall V es AF Gain M Abrosano GM e ee o eapse eollowg beang on enae bon sengt f resn oposite Oper Dent200I ;266:597602

Da Costa lo C Da Cosa CC oia M aga et of oe beaigan song on argnal gngia epiel ifeat: A soog styi woen Oa Paol Me 00 8:4480

4 Del ei , Bar w DN Paatanaso A Ciil ealaion of a obineinoe an aeoe beang syse. JA Dent Asso 004 3556

635. Fugao JO Nora Fug, O, Mas A Mr IA. Plp eaion o ilbeag. Oer De 2004294363-68.

6 Gerla W, ibb R age! PA Iial olo ange a eento wta yrogen eoie beag srip. A J Dent 2002 5( I :7.

7. Leona H Haywoo VB llps C is atos fo eeopng ootsenstiy a gigial irtaion assoate wi igguad a beangQuntessene lt 992885254

Lewnsein l ue N Cua N Caras H et of feren peroebeag egiens an sbsequent loaon on e aness o anena an eni. J Poste De 00494334.

9 Lu K a L ber M. e o lg eegy on xid oot beaig . A DenAsso 200435940;Quiz 2.0 Mats A, Coan MA, e G, Carson e eay an safet o a

0% aaie peroe leang gel Quinessee I 998;299555-563.I I Mas A, aiao U Blaan Su FA, e GJ. l o eaato

obeang ge se n weng eet J A DeAsso 999;02:227235.

2 Mats A Wag Jiang er GJ tene a-e eaig f eraylnesine teet w een oentatos o arbae eoieQuntessene It 00;9:645655

Refeences

79



Chaper xte Beacing

80

1 Paathaaso asal S Pe R gel G Cia evauaio ofyo eroe -oe wtei sysem Coed C et002;24):4z 48

4 Rosesi SF, ost W Romz ial ral o ey y o h bh . Qt lt

9927:14.1. pyd M edgo Pai C, rjo M pyrdes M. Ee o

wteig gs o dt bod. Eet e 202:221. Sw May N Wlder D r, Heya HO Baye C Twyea

a evauo of oot wteig usg a-oe eag syste. Eset e 19991):342.

17 Taares M Slt Newa Si V et Capio E Goodso Mgt ages oo wtei wi erode D sso0014:1-



'

L

f

u

V�.?

ca

.

�

c E

-.L u-

Eeu

1



Chapte 7 ea e Pa ee

82

71 Genea Cean

Th i fo th vlont of llcrc b riy

rivn by th fc th th thic rlt of ll-cric rtorton tht of tlcrc rtorion Cric rl ov vnt of ttr biocoiility low thrl conctviy. Rn th hyicl ori of vilbl cicri C 1 l-itr cric ih-trnthcric r th oy itb cit fo t icio of llcric b. Ytiu-tbi ico i iclry intrtin trl tht incily i u th rwork for bo

otrior trior -cric bri.

72 Incatnwi o th low cc trn of crc til x tl t wth cic fwork cn oly b c in ronwh no xciv occlu oc cn b xc Th fibiliy ollcric ix ti ntur rtortion i ri by th folowin fctor ( w char : Exc occlul foc tior otior toto

Sn hr-it or li-uni ot of c rquir for th totio (frwork ion Stu h

Th t tic l r obti wi l-iltr cricowi o thr uror oicl rot A th uror thtcl of l-it cric o thir tlcncy thrc of tr i c y th h of th lyi

butnt Thfor butnt blow -lt crc



on

oul ely e ei-ooe Hg-eg ei e oeoque l-ei so ey e le o ove isoloe be bee, b ll o oleely Coequely e e of eee e oes o e e eei ee of i

eg e eoio s of gls-ei esoo

/

or (3 to 4 u Lo 5 o oe

I

No olufoe

ro

I

Exeve olfoe

Mete Meer

Dagm Deon proe or the hoie of ie pr dere ler ertr

83



Chapter 7 A-eram Fied P/ Denues

84

3 h Pepaan

T toot rrio uilin or llcric bri r th

to or ll-cric crow see Chape Th rlll o tbtnt th trt in th rortio ut turly b ctT ont o vrticl clrnc i otr iortnt ctor Mcniclly t connctor r th ri wk oint of ny cc ixrtil tu Bic rrch ow tht h nitil crc ht ltitly to th filr of l-cic x il tu vribly trt t t connctor in th inivl rion Conncor wtrqrt wr clcut o h t (Daam !)

T rin intl o CA/CAM ll-cic tl ur i lily infior t tt of t-crc x rtiltur bt wl win t clincly cctb n•

·

•

r

Coer d.{·

................

Dgrm

I

Rd u

Dgrm



4 ena aoar and enal Oce Pere

74 Dental Labay ad DentaOffice cede

Two procss r nly us or th bricton o zrconimwoks o prtl dnturs

W t irst rocs (.. Ccon Smrt Crmics Ddntnu Gmny), th dn tchnicin rs mtr modl toict ix ptil dntur rmwork ccorin to connton lot wx tchniu Th wx m i thn rmod om thmstr mod nd cnnd y th systms scnn. CM ni

thn tomticly mill th mwok om prsintd n"ziconi bock. Grn zirconi s poros nd sot tn nsly sintd zrconi. Consqnty, th millin im inicntly hortnd smll wr o th millin bs occurs Moror it s lso osibl o mk dumnt by hnd whn ziconi is st in thrn s frmwork is ubsqunly pcd in th sintnuc nd d 10C or 6 our T sintrin procss ldsto 20% shrnk nd dnsicton o th mtril In ordr o mtcth dimnions of oriinl wokin dis th mwork mill

rom th rn mtrl must b orsd ccordinly to compnt or h sintrn shrink

scond pocss DCS Alscw wtlnd ss thm wxp nd scnnn procdus bt mills t mwork romnly sint ircon lnk

T CDC sytms llow t ur to brict crmic xprtl dntr rmwork wtot in to pyclly modl wpttrn On CDCM systm Procr hs mcnicl cnn

tt cn th pr utmnt, t dcnt tth, t s co h connctor nd t opposin rch• scn t r hn tnsmittd to computr Th bortory tcnicin cn thn diillydsn th mwork on-scrn Whn ishd th ditizd dt rtrnsrrd lctoniclly to millin cnr Th milin cntr bricts h zirconi mwork nd snds it o t dnl lbort ohr procsin nd nrn.

85



Chapte 7 ea e Pa ee

onia canot b ol onvntionally o y la iicona fawok cannot b paat an connct. iconafawok, tfo qi tiuo in plain T folowin n appy o al ytm an tcn o fabi

cation of iona famwo fo patal nt

Minimu amwo wal tikn 4mm Millin of famwo mt b pon wil coolin wit

wat (to pvnt t foation of micocack amwo i anblat wi 5 to ain oi

ptil at a pu of to 4 ba an a itanc of appoimaly 5

amwo i clan n ultaoun ba iin i pfo a C Din n t bi ou poiion on n wi to

pvnt al t N: ta conctivity o iconai ow.

Rin conncto in t minim onncto wit to pvnt patial ntu fa i 9mm fo tnit b an fo fonit bi8• Futo t connco ol

av a la ai of uvatu a t iniva mbau D-rm 2) uin o fabiaton of icona famwo aow t am a to fo mal amwok

ik tal patial n but zcona fawok a t n o tat bqunt in autnt an b maa n Fnal cntaion may b a out aivy o onvntionally htr T aopaciy of ionia amwok alo linicaly ul a i allow fo aioloia ontol o

u 1 throh



4 nt nd nl Oc Pc

Four-t zrco fxed prtl etre(eeth 14---7)

Fg l t diph in n xi t wth psi A l- unit xd pildn tth 7xx4 w zn w lnd

g w ft xtn t . Fg th 7 d 4 w ppd t t t th fu-nit

Fg dnt wxup id th dtl tnin i d t thin tht n unti.

87



e 7 e e ere

g 5 Te le dex ed hekhe wx de the lned rett nd ign

g 8 Sde een ere dig e iter nd ere ebed te te n lle rwn

88

g 6 Vew e deney nteed rnewr te he b tue hnt gn.

ig 7 e eted rtil ene rmewre z ew i kd d gn dng ty-n

g eu t ly lier wheeleig e ri rmewh e it eie t determne e thhe nd le.



4 en r nd Denl ce Pcere

s la nd l ccus nd sl ews f he she xed prl enure.

1 h ie rc ramew hee se nex densey snere ne{ secn ewr ws mcued rdmnsrn pupss h s fr is cl vs irt i.

F 1 r- th fnshd rc de.In trms of shpe d cl, the restortionles we wh he sndin nlenn

F 3 phc c h xd pl nu n w lss mr . h zri rmw ppes s dque srcue

89



Chapte 7 ea e Pa ee

90

75 Clincal Survval Rates

A emati eview o te terate wa eet perorme to aete inia viva ate o aeami xe patia ene ooweo a minimm peio o3 ear Atog te eut wee enouagng te aue ate o aeami xe pia entue wa gnia ge ta tat o oventioa mea-eami ixe paiaente. Speifa te annua aiue ate o a-eami bigewa 4% ompae wit a anua aiue ate o o 0% o meaeam bige o e eami amewok uie wee abi

ae ung eite ga-eami (Empe II o gaintateeam mateia Jn-eam umina, n-eam Zonia i i apatia eevant at to note a neite o tee two mateiabeong o te a o ig-tengt eami oneuent it i notpobe o ae te ane o e o a-eami xe paiaentue wit amewo mae o oia bae on tee ata

ee-ea oow-up tie o a-eami xe paia etuewi ioa amewok ave no et been pbie i te iteate. e ionia xe atia ente uie eibe in ak o

poer peete a mpoia it i a omiig ign o nia tabit at no amewok aue ave been epoe to ate. Te ataom o ii orm ti impeion Famewo ate avenot oe in an o o 3 patient wit a toa o4 ionia xeparta enue wo wee oowe o a peo o3 ear oweveone patient ate e ionia xe paia entue in an ewingaient b bitng o a toe i i oo 38 mot ae te epaa entue aement.

mm oe an onue tat xe artia etue wit ionia amewo ave met tabii expetation wit ega o witaig oa oe in e poteio egion uing maiatounion oweve te ou be ue wt etaint in patebeae o te ong-term ata ae avaabe.



Regdg otent ues nd oos, oe a syexet te sme tye of eets tt o wt et-em estotons to o a-em ed tl denes wt on fmewoks

oogCesPeodottsDeone atooges

Teoot fte

ud- ateaewo fueVeeeng feLoss of eteto

stetDsooton

Gnga eesson

76 Conclusos

e fxed ta detues w zo fmewos ae anteestg nd osng ete o oento met-exed aa detues lg of te tese ese effots ts

ed, te deeoents nd moements a be eeted netse oemets d adete og-t foow-u dta beoebe, one oe tt -eam xed aa denues wt o fmwoks w ome u tat to mta-emxed deues n te osteo ego

Coc

9



Cape 7 e e / ee

92

Refeences

1 Bsm CE Splma HP Rnr HP. Cmpurassisd gnrai f a

cramc cws ad id pata dnures In J Cmpu D 00I 4()43-6

Fh A, ggr B thy H, Scumacr M l 0, Scrr P ISOZmnvalati ud kiisch ntrsuchng v ZirdsauauActa Md nt Hv 10 0

3 azza M Qach L, Aay M, Swai M Ilunc sac ad atratm t ural rng YTZP dta caic. J nt 00(1)8.

. Klly JR, Tsk JA Srsn JA. Fl f all-crac d aa dursi vir ad in viv Aalyss and mdig J Dn s 15( 6): 153-1 58.

5. Ksmac , Oa C Jvnkar P Fudk Marn . c sacgrdng and sandastng n xural segt and alty fYZ ircia cramc Dt Mat 15(646-33

6 Ksmac T; Oa C Jvnk P udk Mar Sngth ad rlaiysac ad YTZP dna cracs Bd Mat Rs 0003()304313

LTra D. Margal nd ntr Passgnauigt cmpurgtzt gfig vllkraschr Bcngrs DitatUviy Zric 003

8. Lthy Fisr F, Ll , Scumacr M ackr LJ nrl .Srengt and ialty ffut all-cac psr idgs. D Ma

005 0):303. O W, N Asavic KJ. nuc f cctr dsig act

praiiy crac dparal dnturs. J t Rs 008):63610 c S Wicann M Nk E, Psc P Ciical t f a-camic

r-ni ixd paral dnturs, gnrad wth h drt CAD/CAMsystms u J Oral Sci 005 I 13( 1

1 1 Sal , Pjrsn E, Zwahln M, Hmm CHF A sysatc rvw urva and cmpicat as alcramc and mtacmic crct ar a vat rid a la 3 yar. at d dntaprst. Cln Oa Imp! 00 18Sppl.)86-6.

1. S CFJ M, Cgkuk S d , Stu . Magal adaa

i f r-ni xd paral dts csrctd prsd camic syss Br D J 00 6:660

13. Lag NP Purssn BE Ta K Bragg Egg M Zwa M. A systmaic vw f surva and cmpcatn as xd parial dtsDs aftr an sratn d at last 5 yas Ci Ora Ilans s00; 16):6363

14 Tisct J Na G Mautsc W Spka H Anusavc J Marga aumnaad zircnaasd d aia durs ducd y aAD/CAM sysm Opr Dt 001 6()36

1. Zzma N Mail , Ly H. Th Pcra Alcam acramic sym cical and cical aay apcts us a nw a

cramc sys. Scw Matsscr Zahmd I 08)80-8.



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93



8 Bonding of ric Rtortons

94

8 Adhesve vessCovetoal Cemeao

Adheve bndn cruc he clncl ucce l-cercrer. In h cne ur r cr y rle Frcre renh Ree crlee rlucece

11 Fratre StregthAdheve bnd ncree he rcure renh ll-cercrer e i i udy he ctre renh ll-ceccrwn lued by dheve bndn w und be ju h h ecerc cw' F cerc wh lw erl rehhe renhen ec dheve dn reu n ncnrveen n-e clncl ernce

Ccl ude hve dered h the ul re dhe

ely bnded lcerc rern re cnly hher hnhe cvennlly ceeed rern·•9

Th uerr clnc ernce rbule n nly reduced re rcue ccurrence bu reduced re eenn l One cc rereue r clnc ucce rer cndn e cerc rer d he urce r bndn The ue cndnn ncree he bndn urce re n de ve echcl reenn nd ehnce he

quy cecl culn beween he ceened cnen Thebdn cedure r l-cerc nd de cerc de due drence n her cn ( har 7 ad7). Teneed dheve bd de cec dued due hehh er ren A clnc eerence wh hee cerc l revely hr ee cuenly re ude denrnwheher r cnvennl ceen nd dhee bndn reu crble uvvl re Mrever he chce ceenye r de cerc nuenced by her n cr

reenn he rern



8 Adhi dig ru Coioa Cma

812 Reeio

CA o retoton ro dene inered or preinere eriblok reul i ower r o inern t tn n eri

reoion ite b ering or preing tenique iotdie ow te rgn nd ern g in CACA-geerted ll-eri row re lrger tn oe o poreli-ed-toel rown'. Ceri reorion ereoe ve lower reeion.Conequetl, onventionl eenttio o eri retortio equentl eult in o o etention were deve bondig i otee ti prole

813 Molekge

e degree orginl integrit i deterined b e ize o te rginl gp d te trengt o e bod etween te luting ge ndte retoton or toot epetivel Mirolekge t rown rginproote te penetton nd pge o bteri to e pp Tibteril invon e to lo o oot vilit urter potentiopito o gnl lekge re eondr ie, peiodo

probe, nd o o eeti due to rgin diolortio Intro tde ve own tt e ot o iro lekge i ignintl lower n retorion bonded wit opoie eet opred wit toe ued wit onventiol zin oxide popteeent In ptu, onventionl eenttio led to igerlo o rgil itegrit o CACAMgenered leriretortio t o eteri reorio

814 rnslceny

e otil nd oo rteriti o te luting teri e ten etei o rnlent eri ore tn te e te oqueeri Cpr 23) oneqentl te ue o oe opqeeent e.g., popte eent led o tronger inree in teopit o gl-ei opre wit o luin erInverel te ue o rluent opoie nree e tnluen

o ll-eri teril (inluing roi) An eplio or i

95




96

e tt e eet pves te gt trug e er er. Te se vet eet r tg -errestrts s terere trte r estet ress

8.2 Cassfcaton of AdhesveCeets

8..1 Compoitio

Te pst res pse eets s s te se stt pste g ters:

Mtr xte spe A g ete Bs-GMA -vssy tvs su s eee g etrte TEGMA res ute ete MA es er tr ste S Cug get: gt-ure se-g r -ure.

e sze rg ers eee te trx re respse r te e terss res psteeets. ue t te ress rete erees ter

essg te pse ppetes res pste eetser r tse res ste gs s s: Ctst reut ger rg te er sze reut er tess Reue er tet ve ty Opg tves: reue see.

st ses esve s equre t eve

eee es pste eets et Aesve esu esves pste ees e: 2-rxet ete HEMA 4-etxet et Pspte ers 10-erxe ge

pspte MP

es pste eets tg esve pste erss s e use t eet er ters tt e

ete re t et Aesve pspte ers rerequre t eve te eessr es ese e ters•



8.2 aiao Adh Cm

822 Chacscs o sn ComposCm

Rei ooe ement are inoluble n ai. A own below

teir il rerit ow wie rge o rou-eiibi lt. uig time 2 to 7 minue Fil kne: <25 Flerl tregt 70 o l72M 2 Moulu o elatiit: 2 to . 1 P Wter olubilit 0 to 001 Pl reion: Moete

ly X Uc E, Sd Gmy)Dul-urng unierl rein emen Power

Gl ower ilaizeittorSili ilzeSubtitute riiieCium roxe

Pero omoPigen.

uMetrlte ooi i eterDietarlteAetteStabilzer

ittor.

Panav® Kraray

Sel-urig omoite rei -GM oorlte merlte ein grou

97




98

Vol k !Vvn Sc hnul-cing cste ceet Mti is-M uethne diethcle iethene glc

dethcye File Biu glss ebiu ide B-l sicte

gss seidl e des (en e sze: 0.7 .

8.23 Rqrt

The ide" esin csite ceet sld ee te llwing clinicl equieents

High tslcenc d ecc eies (g cessie segth n e-l stegt) igh bd stgth w slbili Sutble scsi e cet still itin w

bt) Ese hndling Rdicity.

8.3 Denn Conioing

8.31 P-trat of h t aftrpepaao

e tth etin e cut denti shld be tected : Mechncl ces niuti te te iessin-

ing etc) Ceics detl teils c ctei iclge el stesses cld het. ge ducts e lble the cnditiing eshl eed detn. These cn be dided it tw gs ccding t tei

de cti



83 Di Codiioig

izig g

Obliete dentinl tbles b mens of ogltion neosis(e.g.,COH o eiition ofC+- O nd oteins

e litio of g dildede ime eg Glm o not fe te dentin bod sength of dhesies.

Slig g Coege of dentn nd obtetion of dentil bules is

eed ogh lition of ime nd onding gent ese te bonding stegt befoe desie emetion Single-omonen (one-ottle ssems do not iee deue

seling•

Te seleted od must be omible with he luing ementnomiblit leds o dese in bod sength (sme le

Otiml dentin deson n onl e hieed we e bondinggent s lied to es eed dentin' o his eson he dlbonding enue is still used tod'8 Consideg the hemil diffeees in emens it is imotn o se te oet bonding sstemto sel te oot fte etion. I, t tis time it is still une

whih emi mteil (nd tus wi te of ement wil be sed,the eed dentin soud ol be desensitized with gltdildehdeoinig rme lum s etionr mesue

8 entn Cononn

efoe ementton, e denin s onditioned with the oite tomonen(s odg o the mnuftes nsttions Gss-ems: Snt Css (ol

Oide emis (igh-stengt emis Clel SE ond(u ED Pime (Ku

ft t of mnt o b utilizd is kown t the tim of tooh eion, te oesondig bondig ssem be used to sel thedenti oding to e dul onding tnique

99



8 Bonding of ic Rtortons

00

84 Ceac Codog

eml ods etwee esn omosite nd lssemis e

eved mens o oi moleles, o eme sine ileonds wit silites in te lss mt o he emi mteil (ioi sstne o the oe sde, nd olmeies wi the onmti o te omoste esi o he ote.

ode to e hemill tve the sile moleles mst ehdolzed to silno. Disitios e mde etween one d twoomoent sstems inle-omonet sles, wih e moe eqntl sed iil tie e led dolzd. he ei

tion dte mst e stt oseved s te eome itive wit timelse ote he id mst e le. Disd iod. e se o lss-inlted emis, etin one does ot

iv sit se oein eo thse mis mste sdlsted with 50 to 100 m Al 25 . Altho emionditioin does ot inse od stet, t does imove wettilt' Gss-inltte ems sold e emented with hoste moome-sed eme see Chapter

Ode ems ontn ew o no silies e ot e

snied i te sme mne s ss-ems New esi omositeements e.., vi 21 oin dhesve oshe moomeeMP tht on o oides hs m t ossle to ieveemi oin o oide ems wt o wtot te se o djive ondn ent oweve ton o ntveond et does imove te lotem stilit o od d istheeoe, eommende As w mets, te imove emlod mst e eve eite mens o sli oti Roe

sstem, Mnesot UA nd sseqe slitio o wihot siloi sn seil desive snes wi desive oshtemoomes.



85 lncal Procere

85 Cncal Prceres

85.1 Ition n RomnMti

Cton BondQGceramc ch

95% ydrooric acdSizon

Sync

IMonoond S

Giniltrated Sandatin leril S od m , 2 ar or Peerm

de ceaic Sandatin leril S ond!al, zoi m , 2 ar or Pie

SizonIearl relain ctvatr

852 Stp-by-p Po

. Gsscermic

-y-t c aiv ati caicw (C® i i y wy xl.

Fig 1 e earaton vial tooh i ciclar wit 1 mm wiehoder ad onded ee enu mmm o o oot tctre. eaue the mp ade deal te toot e reored in ranuent eam dheve bondi reae the ratretreh eramc retoration or hi reaon, aeive ondhod erorme wih due dilence hin etrat cord INo.hod e aced beoe aeve lt whenever ble

CntVronk

Pnv 21

Pnv 1

1



C 8 Bonding of Cric Rortons

Fg

rssd ad s-r d co oopa coor adasluccy sd o ach ocal caac-rscs of h aja-c h oad poso wsof h crow

Fgs b h a sufac of cow s ch wh % hydrofluoc ac foaml rad'" ocla ch a U fo 60scods. ! los ad pocas ms wor. hyroorc acd s h rsd of wh rug war To mochg cpas h crow s ulrasocally clad acoho or 4 us Aa-y ca cd aa wh a war ac posphoc ac for scos.

02



85 Clcl Prcr

F and Scig c crgp d 3D ews f dlly cd mieglsscric. Sigific se re lgm ms ls clly isib.

5 h ner sre f h cdd cd cw sld he tpp wh wi dpss r rgh c w ires 4 d c b pmly dfr cm.

Sl prmd mp g rd® Sil rMb S. ! Cop bl w

eent s im

p

rav !) h slnized wshd w mpeely fee of i (sr, lhl, . sl-v vp r m ig g is ppld irlsrc of h crw d h crw issed i dr pe.

103



e 8 Bonding of eic Reortons

7 8 A di big ag Sya rmr, adiv a on ag Ci, USAI ld o ad h arig h maurr' iui. in cot o d nt v h odi a l ily gly pprnc

-

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F Oa os ad ctlys s o thsm ad !daly raa) a a a raio o ad alid h rwwi a u.

4

9 Var II !la Vva i uld i o i w ad hg vcosi n n fu h. o rc thoccrrc o cro, h mo hig-y l ad mr gly viu yuld u whv ibl Vo-li I a b aud ba + aaly)r ly lighud a Wh lug aai rw wi i

lyrs of crmcil th dual ci vint shol u n orr o sr come cr oth h d ay r iahi, raa uld bu.

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Ob Sag lr irgrahwg th o didm o) Vl II oom. hcmnt cotoins vrios ils of difri !yr fllrs



1 1 Ar o pm o crown, c ct cauy rmwith fam plt and dnal lyr

ul b appi t cwari i o t rt xy hb-to (, b f uri i t opi y po yg . Poyia i th iiat or mu o bcca paatal, and ical ufaand a w a-cui aiant iu. Auh i k u rouhy24 h f mt t ur th p-r cai , h cmn md imdialy.

85 Clncal Pcr

gs 12 14 Hadn iua m i carll md w n x

p

l

o r r alwhl tly mapati th ia. h tratio or i subsequent

y ro, whh bi out o atioa m ru. h a o rw aly arfullnd (g wth our l. Raiooia otro o m dffuldu w aioacy

05



8 Bonding of ic Rtortons

Od acTis poee i illutrte be on se exe (ziron ronpleet

g 1 nl sn fe te pept f ld steted wn ntt 11 the d ld eemved wi ndangig e r Iis ra i w cdd i pept. heve n esthet estn theltshde stmp hd t e veed wth qe n. e se f nsenlsem mtel w tndedas a thk a ami wda rqir r n. A theent wshed nmel estt z ws seeed. e wn s wel sthe pxml nd lsl nts weenpeed f ft efe ementt ewn was dgs wi al

Fgs 16 16b l d dl vews e defve znw.

1

Fg 17 nnn elet phwn he ndlsted sfe f e ziria ai Saasig ds ag e d sura e iaes s h s s des th ethedlssems.



g 18 lel Bnd s twmpnent n sem ht cnssts sel-etcn pe n hesve nen. Bth cmet cn e esve phphe nmers neede tceve chemc ndn c. hepme lne s sfcent ceetn c cecs. t cts s dentn cnd-ne nd lne ctvt

g 1 efre cementt e cncemc pecte wt CefPrcel Actvtr pecl e thmst e ctvted wh lerfl E Bnd

pme efe ppctn shn s e eed.

ig One prcel ctvt the ed

85 Clncl Pcere

ig 0 ne d f me ds-ee t wel he mn

07



C 8 Bonding of Cic Rtortons

1

g The two q fo o emsioie liu hat ust e ixe wel wh aush

Fg h atiate silae is applie tothe e sufae of the wn aloweto ea fo 5 seos. Te sps s enbow o wi ea of opesse ai .

g The ixue soul hoe a hove auifo oo osstey.

Fig h ea sufae of owow oos oiy. Wag: the exteal sfae o e cow moy also look oily aee sippey

g 26 7 enn conitonng : pie ED me o Ceo) is ispese ino aoerwel of the ixig oy a aplie o e epae tooth wth a ush Piig ime seos D m/0 nd f . otioig wi ln mmnd whnemetig Ige esi oposie ui ps

108



85 lnl Pere

ig ad b Pv T Oyr; the ste e e t 1 1n ple t he r th bsh.

Fig 9 nn elet pshn the n eee zn p}n Pv tt. e h tet fIre ller re n e emen elyerbe.

Fg 1 Oxyr pe rn her rn e re r7 te. Th see t b e sply ye s t te eent rn resn ben. he Oxyr s sbseenyrse th e ll eentree e thrhly reve sle. ntl t lebese the eent s qe

Fg 0 fe hekn the n f ppeft exess ee s eve fm pellet

09




l l 0

Refeencesl Abet , -Mow OM Mgil io mico ekge ooce

Cem cow wit o cemen t J Pooon 20041(55255

2 ce K illi' Science of Den Meil PildeSnde, 200 :45 I 8

. etcnge P SJ, , Sche P. D cion o etin bondng get: ct o o egth. m J Den 1(: 15.

4. tz M, S , M J Lg . n ito euio o e bondegth of en to eney need ighuty zionum oxie cemc eog-te oge em cycg J. Potet Den 004;1(45-.

5 uitie H, Ntnon D. c of ionome e o cemc ece tote. Den Re 1;:15 Act No 0.

ue J emig GJ Non D Mi PM. ee techologeneeed to uo cemic? emet o e cuen eidence J Ae

et 0024 )22 EeloD, Soene J igt tnmiion tog cemc fmewok nd

cement comtion J Den Re 2008 I ctNo I 8 Fei M, Mocc F, Mon PN, Kg G n o ekge o eioe

ocei cown. J de Den I (:24.. XH Ke M. Mgl icecie lege of cemc cow:

lence of lng get gig condo n J Potodon 00(: 0-1 .

l 0. Hefe MJ Auio SA Dz-Ao AM Heo DR, Stnfo MVg MA. Rele lcency o cemc yem P I oemtei. J Poet Det 0088-

1 1 Jee M Set J, ollie D cedoceln en-bod -eeecown n cte ece Comend Con uc Det8 104

I 2 Juge , Nico , Pilli K, Lmn Lo fge o comomeeet como of thee ig cemen. t J Pohoont 18 5585.

1. Ke, . (00) Kiiche Meile Zze, 5.14. Ke M, omon VP. ong o g ilte m cec: Ae

e metod nd the dbility. J Pohe Det 5:0-4.15. Mgne P, Dougl \H. Poce eee Denn oig otimion d

omimec ecoey of e cw. lt J Phoont 1 (): 1 1-12 .

1 Mlmen Soc SS Sil o Dco gl cemc del etoo oe 1 ye P ll ec of lting gen n oo o oo-utecoe cte J Poet et 200 18(5):5 15

1 M PM e inece o cement on te mecicl efomce o e cemic Poceedng ohe 5h lnetion Symoim on Cemic Meicine. iocemic 5 2

18. Pl SJ, Sche P. he d oig echnue: moied metho omoe dheie uting oceue ln Peodon Re De 1):5545.

1 Roene SF, G PK n e Sly RA Zimmem MH Segth o detl glcemc e fce coting. Det Mte 1;(4-



20 Sgen G Mg d el it fu dfee ye ceic inlye uig v udy c Odtl Snd 199(1 28

2 . Sub JR, idt SM Ft tg e d e y. J hdt 1998 09

T Feege R eji I ge S Ple D, l R, L .

Sgletle deive ee eee embe e lyeivv evdee. J Det 0043(8 -1

3. V Dije JW Hgud-Aeg Of AL Fed cei ily: A iye fllw. J De 8(319-5.

ite S Fuichi R Kyme SM Mclege gh de e cwcemet J dd 199 1 )9-.

2 i R Kvi E Mcell RJ et gidg, plihg degig e e teg higheit dtic ci Pthd 999( 0

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p 9 ic Imp/n Sppod Rsoaions

91 Clica Aspecs adIndcatons

Natura-ooking impant-spported restorations pay a majo roe inthe esthetic success of prosthodotc treatmes i he aterior regioTwo factos crcial to esthetic sccess are: Sotisse morphoogy m ad esthetics of the restoration

Prefabricaed titanium abutmets have severa esthetic imitaios As their roud shape dos not coespod to he aua ooth

anaomy, the correc contou emegece proe) mus be estabished by th crown that is by deep subucosa pacee ohe

crown magms Because the sagt soder ofthese stadardized abutes

does not foow the scaoped contour ofthe srrounding soft tissues the remova of excess ceme ca be dicut The gray metaic coor of the abutmes may show thoug e

soft tissues resuing n gay discooration of the gingiva

In order to resove these probems individuaizabe custom abtmentsmade ofamna ceramics were deveoped i the eay 199s•9•

The few avaiabe studies on the perfoace of amia ceamicabutmes show that good ongerm esuts are achieved whe theseabutmens are paced i te aterior ad pemoar region I onesudy the cinica sccess rae for amia ceamic impant abtmentswas 93% ae 1 to 3 yea of sevice2 I a second study the 5-year

sccess rate for aceramic fxed paia deures sppoed by a

na ceamic abtmets was 97% Abtment fracte was identiedas the ai cause o impat faiur both sudies.The itrodctio of zicoia abtments shod redce the isk o

abutm racur by virt of thir superior matria propties hn viro fracture oad of mpatsupported a-ceramic crows withzircoia abutms was fod to b 700 compard wih ony 8 Nfor those with amina abtmens •

Unfounatey cinica data on zrcoia abets ae st scarceI the ony ogterm stdy pbshed to date oe of te zirconia

abutmes studied had factured aer years of service i the anteor



el egi Bse te ville eviece e c t estcclue tt te sccessl lcee ceic btes i eei em eg is ssile

9.2 Advatages o Cea cAbtmens el cl

e wite ei-ike cl ceac bets is esei

clly iel ll-cemic esttisGigivl ecessi cses ewe estetic lems. Csmizbity

e se te iivulize cstm bet eselestt ee s te eegece le s eemie by te utme tecw gis c be sce cm e citecte te sig s tissesCe emv ecess ceme is ssble.

Cecti mlt gult is ssile wit smeesicts (iium lye ckess

e ssiity veeeig llws seic eility e mtbtet ceci exibts g cccy t

(ue isil eicti) icity e bet ets igic mtig.

93 Disadvatages• Hige isk cte e t te mtei eies cemic

mteils ( Capr 2• Miiu lye tickesses st be bseve• e scew ccess le iits custzility• Te btmet scew is te wekest k i te system e etl ty ceues e teclicy emg

tmecsig

• Hig cst

93 iaaag

1 5



Chate Aeam lant ed Retoao

6

94 Bologc Apc

T mopoloy o piimpnt of tiu oundn tnium

mnts is wl doumd nd lnl p to h mopholoy ofth piodonim hv bn did

A sottissu oll o vn (bioloi) width nomlly osound titnium btmnt ond tooth. hi ol of tthmn onsi o ly ountionl pthlium (ppoimtly 2 mmovyin ly o olos onntiv tisu ( 1 5 to 1 . mmTh mi moholoi di i th, wth utmnts th olln ibr plll to t implnt s wh in ntt tth

thy td villy ino th oot mntmAiml stdis hv sow tt t moholoy oft pimplntmuo rond lum nd zio mi umnt i ompblto ht ound titnim btmts mi butmnts nd titnimbtmnt n, tfo, lid biololly qivlnt

9. Manufacrr

Bu thi y olo o ld o inivl diootio itnimutmns qutly nbl to mt hh sthti pttononquntly it mk littl n o mtli btmnt thbstt o llmi stotions A wid n o mtmn md by vio mnfu i now vill fo thpothodontit nd dnl thniin stotv m) to oo omh btmn n t dily vd sw-tind) o

ppd wih n ll-m ow (mntd In th ltt bumnt s ppd s in noml tooth ppio nlly mostintd o inltd mi mnt mut ppd uinwoold instmnsltd mnu Stmnn (Bsl wtzlnd): synOt Vt Zhfi

In-Cm Nobl Bo Adp Po Zioi d Alumin



BEGO Beme Ge) Cemc coe mtes det Mhem, Gem): CCON Bce Bomet Imt Iovo (Fod USA) Ze Wohwed ch Swed

Aa

CeAdt tmets e mde o dese steed e m d ce coed wth Bek e Ptfo m Noe Boce) fo estotos he eo d emo eo

he efcted cdc tmet eses 1 mm hehd 6 mm dmete

Oa/-Ceam em

he sOct tmets e fcted tm d hecemc ks Vt hk.

he cec ks (dmete 9mm heh: 5mm) e mde ofICem co. The e octo d scew se of theks e e-tted to ese otm t he o-rted o the k c e es woked wh d whee. Ae cstomed sh the det techc the s tted wth sec ss t ICem co ss owde to cheve f

me steth d hdess em ks e sed fo esthetcse-tooth ecemets he eo d oseo eo. Thesestctes c e ethe cemeted o scew-eted (cse sceweted estoto).

ca Ana a Zcona A

esotos fom these two mtes c e desed twomethods he coveto wx- teche o CAD Wh the wx

echqe he met des s dvd modeed dmechc sced.Wth the AD tece the tmet s desed o-scee wth

m cde mes 15 mm dmete d 15 mm heh Noe Boce mkes o dscos wh ed to e ofdcto d the m d co tets c e sed ooth cows d des the osteo eo (cse : cemeted se-tooth estoto)

9.5 Manuaur

7



p 9 ic Imp/n Suppord sains

Fg 1 Wup yi.

8

ib

Zbut ion utnt ytm dvlopd by old Wownd t ytm wi t ont ioy of lini •

butmnt dind fo u wt nm ytmWP P nd N. T dim of utmn n om6 to l dpndin on wi plto i ud; l pltfom it of 14 . ny djutn t my n d outt dnl lotoy uin w-oold tuin In w tbln nno b individuzd did tom-md opymild butmn n b odd diy om t mnutu (oldWownd.

Lbortory ProcdrT podu fo fition of w-tind toon wid nin i illuttd in Figs 8 nd tt fomnd totion wit n ll-i own i dibd in bFg 9 18

: wrtd rtortio



9.5 Mnuture

i2 and 3 le e be m te g wup n e t guee pe vlble the erm

g fter me hpng the ln ftrte w pel g Vt er Z G we t heve utel tegth e.

6 Bee f the p eml nuv cermc tel te pece mube fre n et we pt n re preven he blup

5 en V e enen enlSt netut US e tveee e lem butmen

1 9



p 9 ic Impn Suppod sorion

Figs 7 and 8 h fnal tt rw a tq Nm

C Cm ngooh oon

g ad 10 o y o oo.

20



F 14 Sher pn ere hen n the auet

9.5 Mnuacture

Figs 1 1 13 The ustructe e-ee th cermc pee cee theere eerence pre.

1 Cean AV ceac e r.eneen.

1 2



e 9 ce e eorao

F 16 The eneere abtment ubeqenty etce

22

F 17 he nie pece rea orceenain.

18 neweek

f

l

w-up aercrw lacee.



References

1 Aaao Begl Gla PO ie The mcol ahe a

ee aume. exeeal y i og J Peooo l9982(9:22

2 Aeo Tayo ag B Sele H Se P, Soee JA, TaoD. Alm cemic im aume fo igeoo eeme Aoece oe o eeyea mee y. J Pohoo 2 4:43238

3 Aeo B Glae Maglioe M, Tylo A. eai mla abefo o-a PD: A oeie e-yea mee y. l J Pooo 3 ):404.

4 erg T Lhe J o I Maello P Te oie rrie mla a ee. li a ma e 9 91 ):81-90

5 Ge , Se 1 ohlwe A Se S, Sibli M, Scre P xemetaoia ae o imla-oe gleoo eoaio eeicy emag egio Foye eu ofa oeie licl uy l Pohoo 2 1)2829

Koal J, eg D he M, Sub J Loae cuomme io aim im ow imia oeoieio A ima eemeJ eiooo1 9 1128

Peiio V, ge A. he g-eg mla abme P .J te De 9935 ):9-3.

8 Peiio V, ge A. e g-egt mla abtme Par 11.J he De 1993;(3-8

9 Peiio V, ge A Allcemic imla aume eei iaoJ te De 998)55

10 Toai , Srub J Kae iowki S Seg a oe of fe of gle mla allcemic abe eoao ue aic loa J Pooo 1998(3:2272

I I . Yim M, Fe , M eo io acue eiace ofmlauo aeamc eoio J Pe De 239 :3331

Reeene

123



AAbumens

almina 14 1 iniviuliable cusom 1 4prefabricae iaium 1 14zrcoia 11, 11

AIc rs shells 31, 47Adhesve boding 94-5, I 0l

Adhesve emets, ssiiao of 96 All-eramic mplans

srew-eaned 118cemee 11117 2

All-camic resoons 82long-em filre

A-cemc single crowscliica an larao poce sep-by-sep poceue 4

Alumn (AI203) 4At-ome becing 74

BBiocompiiliy 8Bisci ae y 3 555Banks Bacing

a-ome blecig 4combine beacing 4neal leachi 5powe bleah 3

Bo surfce rea 94

Britleess 8

CAD/CAM 4 182 � 84855CAM 4Caami peoxie 24ela ssem 8emenio eaic pow 1erais

ompriso ih es 8ompoition an classcaio 25coioig of 9, I 00glass glassnla 2 4, 82 I 00hig-sreng 2, 828opical peies oi 2, 5phical poperies , 8

oie of ceamic rsoaion ssems 8ombine beacing 74omunction

ouer ai esigomter aiemfarig 5, 14 2 , 8485, 95omr aie maui 1oditionng I 0 onecor esg 8, 88Cop-milling 4 18Crack gro , 8Cysalli paies 2sals 2ng agen



e

D

De ard ssues 0De

di 9699

dit 9899 8Desesitizi aes 99Diasti mup Diagsti waxp 9Diagsti wup 6Disted wte 1Di 8

Eeree prle l ll, 12Epess" sste 6Et I

Fee et 6Fils 96Fi d mse Fixed arl dete sa 8Flexurl sret Faure uess 6 9Faew are 991

GGlass-ceas 3 Glass irati 1 Glass pse 3G zcia 8

HHdrlu ad 3 1102dre pede 6

pressii 30erm sse 18drec c-p 3rai les 96

6

L

Ltau ss Lse 19Lei

th dise 3, 16Lst w echnque 6 8

MM 1 16Mtia tgth 38Mtix desve eets 96Metals 8

ps w ermis 8Micee 6 9Micsuce

muih 3sepase

Mii frew wa tess 8Mde d 1Mc pse 9

NN- tee 6 6

0Occls 883Opacit Opaqe laer 38Oxide ceacs

pPeiipt s sses 116

Pase sfmati 9Psae ers (MD) 96, 100Psrc cid 3Psts 616 66, 68Pw blea 3Peaed itai amets 11Press ae Epess) 6Pressi 16Prcedres

CD/C� 182 390 889 ls w 6 8



essig ehds oeies deal erams

pal preies 0pysal ees

6.

isils

·

dire 3idre (ayi esi sells 317

Rapy Res mpse es 99

al reees 9se uig 97

Reei 99Rae> syse 00

adbsg , 0aer eal aes 99elei e aeis elurig sie rs 97hade see 3hder prepaai 3hage 17, 9

laes 00 10, 0710laiz 3, 0la aig a sys 100eig l7eig srae 19, l 17

esie sess eaal pase 9Tea dy 2

h r 1h epar , 39

5 , h shape

Ine

h sue ssesea 3 0 01asfmai ghei 9Tasey I0 9

jae e 3eae waxup

es esi ee, di 97

vVeees eeai f 3 3

Wa fae Waup 2

das 9eae 1

We lgh sar 9Weig srps 7

Dental Ceramics. Essential Aspects for Clinical Practice

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Transcript of Dental Ceramics. Essential Aspects for Clinical Practice