Deep Seawater Cooling and Air Conditioning - IRENA · Contents . 1. About Deep Seawater . 2. Deep...
Transcript of Deep Seawater Cooling and Air Conditioning - IRENA · Contents . 1. About Deep Seawater . 2. Deep...
Deep Seawater Cooling and Air Conditioning -Practice how to accelerate real project
in Small Island Countries-
Renewable Energy Roadmap for the Republic of Maldives
Final Workshop, 17 September 2015, Maldives
Masanori KOBAYASHI New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization
NEDO’s R&D led to the creation of the solar cell market
NEDO's project leader is a Nobel Prize winner!
Development of advanced LED
What is NEDO?
NEDO is Japan’s largest public R&D management organization NEDO has engaged in technology development, demonstration projects and system improvement in order to
address energy and global environmental problems and enhance industrial technology
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Contents
1. About Deep Seawater 2. Deep Seawater for Air Conditioning 3. Points to Consider Using Deep Seawater 4. Multi Stage Deep Seawater Usage 5. Actual Cases in Japan 6. Potential Role of Deep Seawater in Small
Island Countries 7. Concept of Expecting Project in Maldives
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1. About Deep Seawater①
Seawater deeper than “compensation depth” where respiration and photosynthesis of lives are balanced Generally, deeper than approx. 200m
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Greenland
North Atlantic
Pacific Ocean
(Reference: Hitachi, Akita university, Japan) 4
1. About Deep Seawater②
1. Stable Low Temperature
• Cooler and stable temperature than surface seawater all year around
2. Cleanliness
• Extremely small amount of organic compounds and micro organism
3. Rich Nutrients
• Organic compounds are resolved while they precipitate to the deep sea and changed into inorganic nutrients
4. Sustainability
• Sustainable resource continuously supplied from the polar region
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2. Deep Seawater for Air Conditioning①
Conventional system System using deep seawater
Deep seawater
Condensing water
Chilled water
Water-cooled chiller
Heat exchanger
Air-cooled chiller
Chiller plant Air-conditioning
Chilled water
(Reference: Hitachi)
Conventional air conditioning systems creates chilled water using refrigeration systems. Instead, by drawing deep seawater and running it through a heat exchanger can create chilled water with
much less energy consumption and no use of refrigerant such as CFC, HCFC, HFC.
Deep sea-
appr
ox.
1 , 0
0 0
m Pumping plant
Intake pipe water
Chilled water
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2. Deep Seawater for Air Conditioning②
Reduction of GHG
Emission
Mitigation of Climate
Change
Suppression of Ocean
Temperature Rise
Protection of Marine
Resources
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Evaluation of site, climate and cooling demand is necessary in order to secure profitability of an air conditioning system using deep seawater
3. Points to Consider Using Deep Sea Water①
• Large constant load is necessary to achieve high energy and economic efficiency
Cooling Load
• Higher the electricity price easier to secure profitability Electricity Price
• Intake piping work is the most costly part and geographical features such as steep sea basins are less costly
Seabed Topography
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3. Points to Consider Using Deep Sea Water②
An air conditioning system using deep seawater itself should be planned and designed to be profitable But to make a more feasible business model, all of the features of deep seawater should be taken into account and use the deep seawater step by step for many different applications This can offset the cost of initial pipeline investment which usually is the most costly part
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3. Points to Consider Using Deep Sea Water③
• Air conditioning • Cooling • Ocean thermal energy
conversion (OTEC)
• Bottled water • Foods (salt, bread…) • Cosmetics (toner, shampoo…) • Fishery (aquaculture, washing) • Leisure (taraso-therapy, spa) • Medical treatment
Stable Low Temperature
Sustainability
Cleanliness
Rich Nutrients
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4. Multi-stage Deep Seawater Usage①
(Reference: Hitachi)
Air-conditioning
Chilled water
Chilled water
Chilled water
Cold storage
thalassotherapy
Deep seawater
Freshwater
・tourism ・medical use
・export ・consumption in resorts
・energy conservation ・GHG reduction
Bottled water industry
Green house
Chilled water
Deep seawater
Deep sea-
appr
ox 1
, 0
0 0 m
Pumping plant
Intake pipe water
Chiller plant
Deep seawater
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4. Multi-stage Deep Seawater Usage②
• Electricity saving of air-conditioning system • Running cost reduction of desalination • Reduction of maintenance for power generator • Reduction of CO2 emission
Energy conservation
• Image improvement by introducing an eco-friendly system
Image advertising
• Raw material for new industries such as food, beverages, seasonings, cosmetics and thalassotherapy
New industry
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Trade mark
A deep seawater cooling system is installed in a rice package factory The deep seawater temperature goes up from 5 ℃ to 18 ℃ going through the cooling system, which is just the right temperature for abalone culture The "Deep Sea Water" trademark was created for various products made using the deep seawater of Toyama
5. Actual Cases in Japan① – Nyuzen Toyama 13
Deep Seawater utilized for cooling
Rice package factory
18℃ 5℃
Abalone culture system
Warmed deep seawater used for culture
18℃
Intake pumping room
Intake of Deep Seawater
5℃
Intake point
(Reference: Hitachi, PR document of Nyuzen City, Toyama Pref.) 13
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The deep seawater pumped for use at an OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion) power plant is used for many different applications An air conditioning system using the cold post-OTEC sea water is installed at the Deep Sea Water Research Institute Also various products are made using the deep sea water
Reference: http://otecokinawa.com/en/OTEC/WaterUse.html 14
6. Potential Role of Deep Seawater in Small Island Countries①
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More than 100 cities in 20 countries are expected as potential sites for deep seawater cooling system Up to 1 million t-CO2/year of total GHG emission reduction is expected at those potential sites
(Reference: Hitachi)
6. Potential Role of Deep Seawater in Small Island Countries②
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There is high possibility of having a profitable business model using deep seawater for air conditioning in Small Island Countries The important point is to study in detail and plan an overall business model utilizing deep seawater in multiple ways that is economically feasible, sustainable and friendly to the environment Business models using deep seawater has a high potential to contribute to mitigation of climate change, improve the image of local tourism and creation of new industries in Small Island Countries
7. Concept of Expecting Project in Maldives①
Bottled water Fishery
Desalination plant
Chilled water
Tap water
Raw water
District cooling plant
1. District cooling services
Data center Office building
2. Seawater desalination
3. Industrial promotion
Intake plant
Deep seawater 800m
Tourism
Concept of the system Eco-friendly chilled water and drinking water distribution infrastructure that utilizes the features of Deep Seawater effectually.
60%*1 Reduction
20%*2
Reduction
Industrial promotion
*1: In-company estimation. Compare with typical A/C system. *2: In-company estimation. Compare with typical surface seawater. A/C: Air-conditioning
Power Consumption
for A/C
Pre-treatment cost of desalination
System benefits 1. Electricity conservation on A/C
2. Simplified treatment in Seawater desalination
3. Industrial promotion
Huge power is not necessary for deep seawater intake.
Deep seawater comes up automatically.
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1. Deep and steep seabed
2. Tropical climate
3. High electricity tariff
4. Environmental policies
5. Existing local water management entity
Why in Maldives? Maldives is one of the best location for the system.
MWSC (Male’ Water and Sewerage Co.)
Short distance to deep seawater intake point.
Stable cooling demand through a year.
Carbon neutral nation by 2020.
Large running cost reduction by energy conservation.
North Male Atoll
South Male Atoll
Bodugiri
GulhiFalhu Villingili
Hulhumale
Male
Vaadhu Channel
-300
m
-120
0m
-220
0m
-300m -300
m
-300m
©2010 Google
Seabed topography around Male’
Malé
7. Concept of Expecting Project in Maldives②
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cooperative project in Maldives has been founded and commercializing with supporting by METI from 2010.
JCM: Joint Crediting Mechanism METI: Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry
Project commercialization
2010 2011 2012
“New Airport Terminal” & “Hulhumale’ Industrial Area”
were pointed as JCM cooperative project.
Formation of project member, financing & contract discussion for project,
“New airport terminal”
JCM cooperative project
Preparation for JCM
Basic data collection (Energy, Climate, air-
conditioning facilities…)
Preparation of MRV methodology for project
Introduction of JCM
to Maldives
Project finding Project composition
Aiming at real project under the bilateral partnership on low carbon growth between the Maldives and Japan( JCM framework ).
2015
Stand-by the Feasibility study for Real Project
7. Concept of Expecting Project in Maldives③
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<Reference>
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Basic concept of the JCM
Bilateral Document on “Low Carbon Growth Partnership” between the Maldivian Side and Japanese Side, signed in Okinawa, Japan on 29th June 2013.
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JCM: Joint Crediting Mechanism MRV: Measurement Reporting Verification
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Project Preparation
Continuation of Project
GHG
Emission Survey
Implementing MRV
Verification
Activity Flow of JCM Demonstration and Verification Project
(Requesting issuance of Credit)
Registration
Development of PDD
/Monitoring Plan
Validation
MRV Methodology
Design, Manufacturing, Procurement Transport, Construction, Installation
Operation Judgment of viability of Project Consideration
of dissemination
JCM Project
JCM Demonstration & Verification Project
Demonstration
JCM Procedure
Verification
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<Reference>
Thank you for your kind attention!
Masanori KOBAYASHI Director JCM/BOCM Group Kyoto Mechanisms Promotion Department New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) Email : kobayashimsn nedo.go.jp
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